Course: RGA 6280

Instuctors : Bruce Grothan

Stacy Ann Christan

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Mental Health in India and South Africa

Epidemiology

Barriers

Resources

Developments

Conclusion

India Africa ConclusionOverview2

A state of complete physical, mental and

social well-being, and not merely the

absence of disease.

India Africa ConclusionOverview3

India Africa ConclusionOverview4

Population

Treatments and Preventions

Resources

Barriers

Socioeconomic

India Africa ConclusionOverview5

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview6

Population and Epidemiology Facts

History of Mental Health

Treatments and Preventions

Resources, Barriers and Socioeconomic

Future Initiatives

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview7

Psychiatric Beds per 10,000

population

world India

Total psychiatric beds 1.69 0.25

Psychiatric beds in mental

hospitals

1.16 0.2

Psychiatric beds in general

hospitals

0.33 0.03

Psychiatric beds in other

settings

0.20 0.01

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview8

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Professionals per 100,000

population

world India

Number of psychiatrists 1.20 0.08

Number of neurosurgeons 0.20 0.06

Number of psychiatric

nurses

2.0 0.05

Number of psychologists 0.60 0.03

Number of social workers 0.40 0.03

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First Mental Hospital,15 beds– Chola Period

Mandu Hospital- 14th Century First Mental

Asylum, Mahmood Khilji.

Indian Lunacy Act, Act 4 of 1912 modified

from Lunatic Asylum act, Act 36 of 1856.

17th Century- Devils/witches

Modern Era- Mad and insane

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview10

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Medicines

Brain Stimulation Therapies

Psychotherapy

Patient Counseling

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World Health Organization.

World federal of Mental Health

National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)

NIMHANS

Action for Mental Illness (ACMI)

(Cont.)

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview12

Snehi

Antara

Institute for Psychological Health

Schizophrenia Research Foundation(SCARF)

Centre for Advocacy in Mental Health

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview13

Patient-Related Factors

Pharmacist-Related Factor

Health-System Related Factor

Social or Cultural Related Factor

Other Factors

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview14

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Social/Cultural related Factor- Stigma

Financial Factor

Poor Maternal Mental Health

Other Factors – HIV

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Ameliorate:

• Resources

• Treatment Utilization

• Hospital Staff and

Facilities

Truncate:

• Barriers

• Socioeconomic

• Social Myths

and Culture.

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview17

Population and Epidemiology Influencing

Facts

History of Mental Mealth

Treatments and Preventions

Resources, Barriers and Socioeconomic

Future Initiatives

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview18

Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Stigma

Risk Behavior

HIV/AIDS

Alcohol Abuse

Resettlements Camps

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Psychiatric Beds per 10,000 population Africa

Total psychiatric beds 4.5

Psychiatric beds in mental hospitals 4.0

Psychiatric beds in general hospitals 0.38

Psychiatric beds in other settings 0.12

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Professionals per 100,000 population Africa

Number of psychiatrists 1.2

Number of neurosurgeons 2.3

Number of psychiatric nurses 7.5

Number of psychologists 4.0

Number of social workers 20.0

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Before 1994 Pre- Apartheid

Post – Apartheid

Primary Health Care (PHC)

Alma Ata Declaration

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Psychiatry

Faith based healing practices

Alma Ata Declaration Initiatives

Mental Health Recovery and Wellness

Recovery Action Planning (WRAP)

Collaboration WHO/CDC

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

World Health Organization (WHO)

Alma Ata Declaration

African Mental Health Foundation (AMHF)

Kenya Medical Research Foundation

(KEMRI)

Groups of Transcultural Relations (GRT)

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Stigma

Faith Based Healing and Treatments

Lack of Community Healthcare

Infrastructure

Funding

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Poverty

Rural Territories

Lack of Employment

Resettlement Camps

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview

Alma Ata Foundation

AMHF

PHC System

Biomedical Treatment Model

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Africa ConclusionIndiaOverview28

Your Thoughts

??

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Thank You for Your

Attention

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