Post on 14-Apr-2018
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A cast holds a broken bone in place as it heals. Casts
also help to prevent or decrease muscle contractions,
and are effective at providing immobilization,
especially after surgery.
Casts immobilize the joint above and the joint below
the area that is to be kept straight and without motion.
For example, a child with a forearm fracture will have a
long arm cast to immobilize the wrist and elbow joints.
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The outside, or hard part of the cast, is made from two different
kinds of casting materials.
plaster- white in color.
fiberglass - comes in a variety of colors, patterns, and designs.
Cotton and other synthetic materials are used to line the inside
of the cast to make it soft and to provide padding around bony
areas, such as the wrist or elbow.
Special waterproof cast liners may be used under a fiberglass
cast, allowing the child to get the cast wet. Consult your child's
physician for special cast care instructions for this type of cast.
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Short arm cast: Applied below the elbow to the
hand.
Use: Forearm or wrist fractures. Also usedto hold the forearm or wrist muscles and tendons
in place after surgery.
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Long arm cast: Applied from the upper arm to the
hand.
Use: Upper arm, elbow, or forearmfractures. Also used to hold the arm or elbow
muscles and tendons in place after surgery.
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Arm cylinder cast: Applied from the
upper arm to the wrist.
Use: To hold the elbow muscles and
tendons in place after a dislocation or
surgery.
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Shoulder spica cast: Applied around
the trunk of the body to the shoulder,
arm, and hand.
Use: Shoulder dislocations or after
surgery on the shoulder area
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Minerva cast: Applied around the neck and
trunk of the body.
Use: After surgery on the neck or upper
back area.
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Short leg cast: Applied to the area below the
knee to the foot.
Use: Lower leg fractures, severe ankle
sprains/strains, or fractures. Also used to
hold the leg or foot muscles and tendons
in place after surgery to allow healing.
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Leg cylinder cast: Applied from the upper thigh to
the ankle.
Use: Knee, or lower leg fractures, knee
dislocations, or after surgery on the leg or knee
area.
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Unilateral hip spica cast: Applied from the
chest to the foot on one leg.
Use: Thigh fractures. Also used to hold the
hip or thigh muscles and tendons in place
after surgery to allow healing.
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One and one-half hip spica cast: Applied
from the chest to the foot on one leg to the
knee of the other leg. A bar is placed
between both legs to keep the hips and legs
immobilized.
Use: Thigh fracture. Also used to hold thehip or thigh muscles and tendons in place
after surgery to allow healing.
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Bilateral long leg hip spica cast: Applied from
the chest to the feet. A bar is placed
between both legs to keep the hips and legs
immobilized.
Use: Pelvis, hip, or thigh fractures. Also used
to hold the hip or thigh muscles andtendons in place after surgery to allow
healing.
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Short leg hip spica cast: Applied from the
chest to the thighs or knees.
Use: To hold the hip muscles and tendons
in place after surgery to allow healing.
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Abduction boot cast: Applied from
the upper thighs to the feet. A bar is
placed between both legs to keep
the hips and legs immobilized.
Use: To hold the hip muscles and
tendons in place after surgery to
allow healing.
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Assistive devices for children with
casts include:
crutches
walkers
wagons
wheelchairs
reclining wheelchairs
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Keep the cast clean and dry.
Check for cracks or breaks in the cast.
Rough edges can be padded to protect the skin
from scratches.
Do not scratch the skin under the cast by inserting
objects inside the cast.
Can use a hairdryer placed on a cool setting toblow air under the cast and cool down the hot,
itchy skin. Never blow warm or hot air into the cast.
Do not put powders or lotion inside the cast.
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Cover the cast while your child is eating to prevent
food spills and crumbs from entering the cast.
Prevent small toys or objects from being put inside
the cast.
Elevate the cast above the level of the heart to
decrease swelling.
Encourage your child to move his/her fingers or
toes to promote circulation.
Do not use the abduction bar on the cast to lift or
carry the child.
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Older children with body casts may need to use a
bedpan or urinal in order to go to the bathroom. Tips tokeep body casts clean and dry and prevent skin
irritation around the genital area include the following:
Use a diaper or sanitary napkin around the genital
area to prevent leakage or splashing of urine.
Place toilet paper inside the bedpan to prevent urine
from splashing onto the cast or bed.
Keep the genital area as clean and dry as possible to
prevent skin irritation.
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Contact your child's physician orhealthcare provider if your child develops
one or more of the following symptoms:
fever greater than 101 F
increased pain
increased swelling above or below the cast
complaints of numbness or tingling
drainage or foul odor from the cast
cool or cold fingers or toes
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Hardware
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_9/6.Orthopedic%20Hardware.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_9/6.Orthopedic%20Hardware.pptx