42d Security Forces 42d Security Forces Squadron Squadron

Maxwell Air Force BaseMaxwell Air Force BaseAlabamaAlabama

Use Of Force

You must base your use of force option on the actions of the individual with whom you are in contact.

In cases warranting the use of force, you must use only force REASONABLY NECESSARY to reach your objective IAW AFI 31-207 “Arming and Use of Force by AF Personnel”

Persons who use excessive force may be subject to disciplinary action for violation of Article 92 UCMJ and LOAC

Use Of Force

You may use force, up to and including deadly force, against hostile actors:

-In self-defense

-To protect others as designated

-In defense of your unit and other US forces

-To prevent the theft, damage, or destruction of firearms, explosives, ammunition or property designated by your commander as vital to national security

Rules OF EngagementDirectives issued by competent military authorities/ command authorities which outline the circumstances and limitations under which United States forces will initiate or continue combat engagement/combat operations with other forces encountered. These ROE are IAW CJCSI 3121.01A “Standing Rules of Engagement for US Forces” and AFMAN 10-100 “Airman’s Manual”

ROE differ from country to country based on the operational mission

Specific ROE are briefed in the AOR

Failure to comply with ROE may be punishable IAW UCMJ

M9 PISTOLM9 PISTOL

Air Force Qualification Course(AFQC)

COURSE OVERVIEWCOURSE OVERVIEW• FOUR PERIODS OF INSTRUCTION

• I. ORIENTATION & MECHANICAL

• II. PREPARATORY MARKSMANSHIP

• III. LIVE FIRE PRACTICE

• IV. LIVE FIRE RECORD & PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE EVALUATION

• FREQUENCY OF TRAINING• GROUP A 12 MONTHS (INCLUDING SF READY

PERSONNEL)

• GROUP B 15 MONTHS CES

24 MONTHS FLYERS

12 MONTHS Everyone else

PERIOD I. OVERVIEW

• CLASSROOM PROCEDURESCLASSROOM PROCEDURES• SAFETYSAFETY• CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS• NOMENCLATURENOMENCLATURE• AMMUNITIONAMMUNITION• METHODS OF DESTRUCTIONMETHODS OF DESTRUCTION• OPERATOR MAINTENANCEOPERATOR MAINTENANCE• LOADING, UNLOADING, & RELOADINGLOADING, UNLOADING, & RELOADING• STOPPAGES & MALFUNCTIONSSTOPPAGES & MALFUNCTIONS• IMMEDIATE ACTION PROCEDURESIMMEDIATE ACTION PROCEDURES

CLASSROOM PROCEDURES

• Training times: Classroom, Live-Fire, Overall.• Safety & Precautions. (MSDS’s in Office)• Break procedures.• Location of facilities:

– Latrines.– Smoking area.– Telephones.

• Food & Beverages.• Student Critiques.

FORMS

SAFETY

Classroom Procedures

ORM Questionnaire

Anyone worked the last 8 hours

Anyone taking medication causing drowsiness

Anyone pregnant/breastfeeding

Anyone consumed alcohol in the last 8 hours

Fire alarm procedures

WEAPON SAFETYWEAPON SAFETY• Treat every weapon as if it were loaded.

• When handling any firearm, clear it first, before proceeding any further.

• Keep the action open and the weapon unloaded until ready to use it

• Never point a weapon at anyone or anything you do not intend to shoot.

• Always keep your finger away from the trigger of any weapon until you intend to shoot.

WEAPON SAFETY (cont.)WEAPON SAFETY (cont.)• Know your target and what’s behind it.

• Avoid all horseplay around weapons

• Know how the weapon operates

• Be sure your weapon and ammunition are compatible

• Wear eye and ear protection as appropriate

• Never handle weapons when you are under the influence of alcohol or medication. (Energy Drinks)

• Pregnant or Breast feeding?

CLASSROOM SAFETYCLASSROOM SAFETY

• Do not point the weapon at yourself or others during weapons handling exercises.

• Handle the pistol only when told to do so.

• Don't get ahead of the instructor and don't anticipate instructions.

• If at any time you don't understand the instructions, ASK QUESTIONS!

WEAPONS ISSUEWEAPONS ISSUE

WEAPONS ISSUEWEAPONS ISSUE

• Proceed to Issue Window

• Sign for and receive weapon

• Proceed directly back to classroom

• Place weapon on table and await further instructions

CLEARING, CLEARING, LOADING, LOADING,

RELOADINGRELOADING

CLEARING/UNLOADING PROCEDURES

CLEARING/UNLOADING PROCEDURES

1 - Place on SAFE

3

CLEARING/UNLOADING PROCEDURES

2 – Depress 2 – Depress MAGAZINE MAGAZINE CATCH and CATCH and Remove Remove MAGAZINEMAGAZINE

1

3

CLEARING/UNLOADING PROCEDURES

3 - Inspect CHAMBER for ammunition or brass

-- Lock SLIDE to the rear, if not already back

--- Pull slide rearward

--- Engage slide

catch

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION

• SEMIAUTOMATIC

• MAGAZINE FED

• RECOIL OPERATED

• SINGLE & DOUBLE ACTION

• 9 x 19MM NATO

CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS

• Manufacturer Beretta USA

• Weight Unloaded: 34 oz Loaded: 41 oz

• Length 8.5 inches

• Maximum effective range 50 meters

• Maximum range 1,800 meters

• Muzzle energy 420 foot pounds

• Muzzle velocity 1,230 feet per second

• Magazine capacity 15 rounds

NOMENCLATURENOMENCLATURE

NOMENCLATURE(1) Slide

(2) Barrel

(3) Firing Pin Block

(4) Safety

(5) Grips

(6) Magazine Catch

(7) Receiver

(8) Disassembly Lever

(9) Hammer

(10) Slide Stop (Release)

10

Extractor/LoadedChamber Indicator

Trigger

Disassembly Button

Lanyard Loop

NOMENCLATURE

NOMENCLATUREFront SightRear Sight

Tang

Trigger Guard

Magazine Well

AMMUNITIONAMMUNITION

AMMUNITIONAMMUNITION

BALL, M-882, NATO• 124 grain copper jacketed

lead bullet

• Basic cartridge for field use

• Primer water proofed

AMMUNITION (Cont)AMMUNITION (Cont)

HOLLOW POINT MK 243 Mod 0• CONUS Law Enforcement

Activities

• Where not prohibited by Geneva Convention

• Not authorized for mobility use

• Consult JAG for specific guidance

AMMUNITION (Cont)AMMUNITION (Cont)

FRANGIBLE MK 254 Mod 0

• Primary Training Round

• Lead-free projectile and primer

AMMUNITIONAMMUNITION

DUMMY

• Holes drilled in case

• No primer

• Used for training and Combat Arms maintenance only

CARE, HANDLING, & STORAGE

CARE, HANDLING, & STORAGE

• Don’t open until needed

• Protect from oil, moisture, sand, & sun

• Protect primer

• Check for dents in casings

SAFETY FEATURESSAFETY FEATURES

• MANUAL DECOCKING LEVER (1)

• FIRING PIN BLOCK (2)

• HALF COCK POSITION (3)

2

1

3

ACTION MODES

•DOUBLE ACTION MODE•Hammer is Forward•Has longer trigger pull

•SINGLE ACTION MODE•Hammer is locked back•Has shorter trigger pull

OPERATOR OPERATOR MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE

DISASSEMBLYDISASSEMBLY

DISASSEMBLYDISASSEMBLY

• CLEAR THE PISTOL

• SLIDE (1) FORWARD

• PRESS DISASSEMBLY BUTTON (2)

1

2

DISASSEMBLYDISASSEMBLY

• ROTATE THE DISASSEMBLY LEVER (3) DOWNWARD

113

DISASSEMBLYDISASSEMBLY

• PULL SLIDE AND BARREL ASSEMBLY (4) FORWARD

CAUTION: DO NOT DRY FIRE PISTOL

14

DISASSEMBLYDISASSEMBLY• COMPRESS RECOIL SPRING GUIDE AND

RECOIL SPRING (5)

• CAUTION: UNDER SPRING TENSION

6

7

5

DISASSEMBLYDISASSEMBLY• Push locking

block plunger (6) while pushing barrel (7) forward slightly

• Lift and remove locking block (8) and barrel assembly (9) from slide (10)

7

6

MAGAZINE DISASSEMBLYMAGAZINE DISASSEMBLY

• Use locking block

• plunger; press in

• hole (1), slide

• floor plate off

CAUTION:UNDER SPRING TENSION

1

MAGAZINE NOMENCLATURE

MAGAZINE NOMENCLATURE

• BASEPLATE: (1)

• FOLLOWER: (2)

• FOLLOWER SPRING: (3)

• TUBE: (4)

• FEED LIPS: (5)

1

2

3 4

5

CLEANING CLEANING PROCEDURESPROCEDURES

CLEANINGCLEANING

CLEANINGCLEANING

CLEANINGCLEANING

CLEANINGCLEANING

1

INSPECTIONINSPECTION

INSPECTIONINSPECTIONSLIDE ASSEMBLY

- Chips, cracks, and burrs - Ambidextrous safety - Rear sight

BARREL ASSEMBLY- Bore, chamber, and locking block - Cracks, burrs, rust, pitting

INSPECTIONINSPECTION

RECOIL SPRING AND GUIDE

- Straightness

- Cracks, burrs, and rust

RECEIVER ASSEMBLY

- Chips, cracks, and burrs

- Free movement

- Excessive wear

MAGAZINE INSPECTIONMAGAZINE INSPECTION

• BASEPLATE: (1) damage and cracks

• FOLLOWER: (2) damage, cracks & burrs

• SPRING: (3) damage, cracks, and kinks

• TUBE: (4) Check for bent or dirty

• LIPS: (5) Check for bends, cracks & burrs

3

4

5

12

3 4

LUBRICATIONLUBRICATION

LUBRICATIONLUBRICATION

• LUBRICATION TYPES: CLP, LSA, AND LAW

• DO NOT INTERCHANGE CLP AND LSA

• DO NOT USE EXCESSIVE LUBRICANT

• APPLY A THIN LIGHT COAT

• CLIMATE / ACTIVITY DICTATES AMOUNT OF LUBRICANT

UNUSUAL CONDITIONSUNUSUAL CONDITIONS

• EXTREME COLD

• HOT, WET

• HOT, DRY

• HEAVY RAIN & FORDING

ASSEMBLEASSEMBLEWEAPONWEAPON

ASSEMBLEASSEMBLEWEAPONWEAPON

FUNCTION CHECKFUNCTION CHECK

FUNCTION CHECKFUNCTION CHECK

• CLEAR WEAPON

• RELEASE SLIDE--INSERT EMPTY MAGAZINE

• RETRACT SLIDE--SHOULD LOCK BACK

• REMOVE MAGAZINE

FUNCTION CHECK FUNCTION CHECK

• ON SAFE, RELEASE SLIDE FORWARD-- HAMMER SHOULD FALL FORWARD

• PRESS & RELEASE TRIGGER--FIRING PIN BLOCK SHOULD MOVE UP AND DOWN

• PLACE ON FIRE (ROTATE UP)

• PRESS TRIGGER--WEAPON SHOULD DRY FIRE DOUBLE ACTION

FUNCTION CHECK FUNCTION CHECK • PRESS TRIGGER AGAIN & HOLD TO REAR

• RETRACT & RELEASE SLIDE

• RELEASE TRIGGER--SHOULD CLICK & HAMMER NOT FALL FORWARD

• PRESS TRIGGER--SINGLE ACTION, HAMMER SHOULD FALL FORWARD

DESTRUCTION OF DESTRUCTION OF WEAPONWEAPON

(TO PREVENT ENEMY USE)

METHODS OF DESTRUCTIONMETHODS OF DESTRUCTION

• MECHANICAL• BURNING• DEMOLITION• DISPOSAL• GUNFIRE• MAY USE A COMBINATION OF ALL

METHODS• LOCAL COMMANDER’S DECISION

LOADING THE MAGAZINELOADING THE MAGAZINE

• Hold magazine (1) • Place cartridge (2)

on the follower (3) in front of the lips (4)

• Press down and slide cartridge rearward

2

3

Round to Round, Flat to Flat

START WITH CLEARED WEAPON

1 - Insert MAGAZINE (1) into receiver

2 - Depress SLIDE STOP (3)

3 - Place SAFETY (4) on FIRE (UP)

3

LOADING THE PISTOL (With the slide to the rear)

LOADING THE PISTOL (With the slide to the rear)

1

1

2

3

CLEARING BARREL CLEARING BARREL PROCEDURESPROCEDURES

CLEARING BARREL CLEARING BARREL PROCEDURESPROCEDURES

CLEARING BARREL PROCEDURES

• Wait behind line until told to proceed

• Insert Weapon in clearing barrel

• Load/Unload/Clear Weapon under supervision

Start with weapon on safe, slide forward, chamber empty

1 - Insert MAGAZINE into receiver

1

3

LOADING THE PISTOL (With the slide forward, on safe,

chamber empty)

LOADING THE PISTOL (With the slide forward, on safe,

chamber empty)

1

LOADING THE PISTOL (With the slide forward, on safe, chamber empty)(Cont)

2. Retract and release slide

This will place a round into the chamber

2

LOADING THE PISTOL (With the slide forward, on safe, chamber empty) (Cont)

3. Place the weapon to the (FIRE) position

3

Reloading

COVER!

Remove Empty Magazine

Insert New Magazine

Release Slide

Continue to FIRE

1

RELOADING THE PISTOL

RAPID RELOAD

1 - Press magazine catch button, allow magazine to fall.

2

RELOADING THE PISTOL

RAPID RELOAD

2- Insert New

Magazine

3

RELOADING THE PISTOL

RAPID RELOAD

3- Depress Slide

Stop

RELOADING THE PISTOL

TACTICAL (COMBAT)

RELOAD

1 - Retrieve magazine from pouch.

2 - Press magazine catch button and remove magazine from receiver, retain magazine.

RELOADING THE PISTOL TACTICAL(COMBAT)

RELOAD (CONT)

3 - Insert new magazine into receiver.

4 - Place magazine removed from weapon in pocket or pouch.

Weapon is never allowed to become empty

SAME AS CLEARING

SAFETYMAGAZINECHAMBER

SAFETY

UNLOADING THE PISTOL

CLEARING BARREL PROCEDURES

• Wait behind line until told to proceed

• Insert Weapon in clearing barrel

• Load/Unload/Clear Weapon under supervision

MALFUNCTIONS, MALFUNCTIONS, STOPPAGES, & STOPPAGES, &

IMMEDIATE IMMEDIATE ACTIONACTION

DEFINITIONS & EXAMPLES

DEFINITIONS & EXAMPLES

• STOPPAGE - ANY INTERRUPTION IN THE CYCLE OF OPERATION. A STOPPAGE MAY OR MAY NOT BE CAUSED BY THE WEAPON FUNCTIONING IMPROPERLY

• MALFUNCTION - A FAILURE OF THE WEAPON TO FUNCTION PROPERLY. A MALFUNCTION CAN USUALLY BE PINPOINTED TO SPECIFIC PART BREAKAGE OR EXCESSIVE WEAR

The unhesitating action taken by the shooter to clear a stoppage without investigating the cause

IMMEDIATE ACTION

IMMEDIATE ACTIONS

1. Ensure the weapon is not on SAFE and press trigger again

IMMEDIATE ACTIONSIMMEDIATE ACTIONS

2. Ensure the magazine is seated (TAP)

IMMEDIATE ACTIONS

3. Retract and release slide (RACK)

IMMEDIATE ACTIONS

4. Attempt to fire (FIRE)

REMEDIAL ACTION (investigate cause of stoppage)

REMEDIAL ACTION (investigate cause of stoppage)

1. Clear weapon

2. Reload and attempt to fire

3. Still doesn’t work

4. Replace weapon, turn in to CATM

SUMMARYSUMMARY

• CLASSROOM PROCEDURES• SAFETY• CHARACTERISTICS• NOMENCLATURE• AMMUNITION• METHODS OF DESTRUCTION• OPERATOR MAINTENANCE• LOADING, UNLOADING, & RELOADING• STOPPAGES & MALFUNCTIONS• IMMEDIATE ACTION PROCEDURES

PERIOD II - PERIOD II - PREPARATORY PREPARATORY

MARKSMANSHIPMARKSMANSHIP

PERIOD II. OVERVIEWPERIOD II. OVERVIEW

• POSITIONS

• FUNDAMENTALS

• FOUR STAGE DRAW

• RECOVERY TO HOLSTER

• FIELD TARGET ENGAGEMENT

• RELOADING TACTICS

• COURSE OF FIRE

POSITIONSPOSITIONS

WEAVER STANCEWEAVER STANCE• Feet shoulder width

apart

• Strong side foot slightly to rear (5 - 8 inches)

• Strong side arm straight out

• Weak elbow benttoward ground

• Neck and head erect

WEAVER READYWEAVER READY

• Same body position as Weaver Stance

• Lower weapon 8-12 inches

• Both eyes open, watching target area

• Preparatory and Recovery position

• Excellent position for tactical movement

WEAVER READYWEAVER READY

This is also a ‘READY’ position

Isosceles Isosceles

• Feet shoulder width apart

•Toes Pointed straight at target

• Arms Straight (Elbows Locked or almost locked)

•Neck and head erect

Having two equal sides: an isosceles triangle.

Isosceles Isosceles

• Feet shoulder width apart

•Toes Pointed straight at target

• Arms Straight (Elbows Locked or almost locked)

•Neck and head erect

Having two equal sides: an isosceles triangle.

BARRICADE STANDINGBARRICADE STANDING

Right Side Left Side

OVER BARRICADEOVER BARRICADE

•Place Forearms on Barricade

•Kick back leg out to look down sights

OVER BARRICADE

KNEELING BARRICADE

• Kneel – Behind Barricade - Taking Cover to RELOAD

• Once Reload is Complete – Use side of barricade for support

• Fire from the kneeling position

KNEELING BARRICADE

FUNDAMENTALSFUNDAMENTALS

PISTOL FUNDAMENTALSPISTOL FUNDAMENTALS

• GRIPGRIP

• AIMINGAIMING

• SIGHT ALIGNMENTSIGHT ALIGNMENT

• SIGHT PICTURESIGHT PICTURE

• BREATH CONTROLBREATH CONTROL

• TRIGGER PRESSTRIGGER PRESS

• FOLLOW THROUGHFOLLOW THROUGH

STANDARD GRIPSTANDARD GRIP

OPTIONAL GRIPOPTIONAL GRIP

CUP AND SAUCER

SIGHT ALIGNMENT

SIGHT PICTURE

• FOCUS ON FRONT SIGHT

• TARGET WILL BE BLURRY!!

SIGHT PICTURE

• FOCUS ON FRONT SIGHT

• OSAMA WILL BE BLURRY!!

NATURALRESPIRATORY PAUSE

SQUEEZETRIGGER

HOLDBREATH

SHOOT

Breath control, single target.

IN ININ INOUT OUTOUT

BREATH CONTROL

TRIGGER PRESSTRIGGER PRESS

• CONTINUOUS PRESSURE TO REAR, WITHOUT DISTURBING SIGHT PICTURE

• DON’T TIGHTEN GRIP

• CONTINUE TO ADJUST SIGHTS, TO MAINTAIN PROPER ALIGNMENT (INTEGRATED ACT OF FIRING)

• THIS FUNDAMENTAL CAUSES THE MOST ERRORS!

• COMMON SHOOTER ERROR

FOLLOW THROUGHFOLLOW THROUGH

• DURING RECOIL, MENTALLY PREPARE FOR NEXT SHOT

• RETURN TO SAME POSITION

• REMAIN ON TARGET

• FINGER ON TRIGGER

FOUR STAGE DRAWFOUR STAGE DRAW

FIELD INTERVIEW STANCEFIELD INTERVIEW STANCE

• Face the target

• Body turned at a 45-degree angle, with your weapon side away from your target

• Stand with feet shoulder width apart

• Both hands at waist level orientated towards your target

FOUR STAGE DRAWFOUR STAGE DRAW

• Stage - 1 = GRAB

• Stage - 2 = DRAW (Strong Hand Grip)

• Stage - 3 = SMACK (Support hand grip)

• Stage - 4 = LOOK & PRESS (Fundamentals-)–Smooth will become FAST

RECOVERY TO HOLSTERRECOVERY TO HOLSTER

• Stay ON TARGET, sights aligned, ready to fire for at least 2 seconds

• Lower hammer, move safety back to fire (DECOCK) and go to Weaver Ready position• Survey the area for threats• At least 4 seconds

• Return weapon to holster without taking eyes off target

FIELD TARGET ENGAGEMENT

• Combine SPEED with ACCURACY

• Double Tap Single Targets

• Multiple Target Engagement

• Use of Cover

• Limited Visibility Techniques

LIMITED VISIBILITY

• Line up the dots or “dot the I” using dots on sights

• Focus on light and then move sights to target

NIGHT FIRING

• Line up sights on light source

• Move sights on to target

COURSE OF FIRECOURSE OF FIRE

Position Rounds Time Distance

1. Weaver Stance

6(3, 1 shot strings1, 3 shot string)

N/A

7 meters

2. Weaver Stance

6(2, 3 shot strings) 10 Sec 7 meters

3. Right Barricade

6(2, 3 shot strings)(3 &3 rapid reload)

10 Sec 15 meters

4. Left Barricade

6(2, 3 shot strings) 10 Sec 15 meters

M-9 Pistol Course of FireM-9 Pistol Course of Fire(Practice Phase)(Practice Phase)

Position Rounds Time Distance

5. Weaver Stance

15(5, 3 shot strings) 10 sec

15 meters

6. Over Barricade /

6(1, 6 shot string) 25 sec 25 meters

Kneeling Barricade

3 shots over barricade, 3 shots kneeling barricade

45 Total rounds for Practice Phase

M-9 Pistol Course of FireM-9 Pistol Course of Fire(Practice Phase)(Practice Phase)

Position Rounds Time Distance

1. Weaver Stance

6(2, 3 shot strings) 8 sec per string 7 meters

2. Right Side Barricade

6(2, 3 shot strings) 10 sec per string 15 meters

3. Weaver Stance w/ kneeling reload

4. Strong Side Barricade

6(3 and 3 rapid reload)

9(3, 3 shot strings) 10 sec per string

25 sec

10 sec per string

15 meters

15 meters

M-9 Pistol Course of FireM-9 Pistol Course of Fire(Qualification Phase)(Qualification Phase)

Position Rounds Time Distance

5. Strong Side Barricade

6(3 and 3 rapid reload / behind cover)

25 sec 15 meters

6. Left Side Barricade

6(2, 3 shot strings) 10 sec per string 15 meters

7. Over Barricade / Kneeling Barricade

6(1, 6 shot string3 over barricade / 3 kneeling)

25 sec 25 meters

M-9 Pistol Course of FireM-9 Pistol Course of Fire(Qualification Phase)(Qualification Phase)

45 Total Rounds for Qualification

90 Total Rounds for Entire Course

• QUALIFIED: 35 HITS ANYWHERE ON SILHOUETTE

• EXPERT: 41 HITS 25 w/in 10” Circle, 6 w/in 6” Circle

QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS

SUMMARYSUMMARY

• POSITIONS

• FUNDAMENTALS

• FOUR STAGE DRAW

• RECOVERY TO HOLSTER

• FIELD TARGET ENGAGEMENT

• RELOADING TACTICS

• COURSE OF FIRE

LET’S SHOOTLET’S SHOOTLET’S SHOOTLET’S SHOOT

42d Security Forces 42d Security Forces Squadron Squadron

Maxwell Air Force BaseMaxwell Air Force BaseAlabamaAlabama