Post on 11-Dec-2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
NIST Map .............................................................................................................................................. 3
Colloquium Schedule: Tuesday – August 5, 2014 Plenary Session: Admin. Bldg., Green Auditorium (Plenary) ......................................................... 5 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Lecture Room A ............................................................................ 6 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Lecture Room B ............................................................................ 7 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Lecture Room D ............................................................................ 8 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Portrait Room ...............................................................................9 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Heritage Room ............................................................................ 10
Colloquium Schedule: Wednesday- August 6, 2014 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Lecture Room A .......................................................................... 11 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Lecture Room B .......................................................................... 13 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Portrait Room ............................................................................. 15 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Heritage Room ............................................................................ 17
Colloquium Schedule: Thursday, August 7, 2014 Parallel Session: Admin Bldg., Lecture Room A ........................................................................... 19 Parallel Session: Admin. Bldg., Lecture Room B .......................................................................... 22
Parallel Session: Admin Bldg., Portrait Room .............................................................................. 23
Parallel Session: Admin Bldg., Heritage Room ............................................................................. 25
Friday, August 8, 2014 – 12N Farewell Pizza Party: Courtyard/Rear of NIST Cafeteria .............................................................. 27
Student Abstracts (Alphabetical by Student’s Last Name) ................................................................ 29
SURF Students by Organizational Unit (OU) .................................................................................... 123
• Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST)• Engineering Laboratory (EL)• Information Technology Laboratory (ITL)• Material Measurement Laboratory (MML)
- Chemical and Biochemical Sciences- Materials Science
• NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR)• Physical Measurement Laboratory (PML)
- Electrical Engineering- Physics
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 1
Enter through Gate A for Visitor Center
security check in. You must have state-issued photo ID and vehicle registration or rental
car agreement.
Sessions start at 9A, Admin Bldg. (Bldg. 101) August 5 – 7, 2014
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 3
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B 9:
00A
In
trod
uctio
n
MO
DER
ATO
R:
9:
15A
Josh
ua G
rayb
ill
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k Hy
dro-
Mec
hani
cal R
espo
nse
of T
hin-
Film
Po
lyel
ectr
olyt
e M
embr
ane
Mat
eria
ls fo
r Fue
l Cel
ls M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 9:
45A
Andr
ew B
riggs
Ba
tes C
olle
ge
Ram
an a
nd In
frar
ed S
tudi
es o
f Few
Lay
ered
TaS
e 2
PML/
Elec
Eng
10:1
5A
Gary
Eur
ice
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Ba
ltim
ore
Coun
ty
Anal
ysis
of F
acto
rs in
Pho
tovo
ltaic
EVA
Deg
rada
tion
EL
10:4
5A
Cath
ryn
Ploe
hn
Uni
vers
ity o
f Tex
as D
alla
s Th
e Au
then
ticat
ion
Equa
tion:
Visu
alizi
ng th
e Co
nver
genc
e of
Sec
urity
and
Usa
bilit
y of
Sys
tem
-Ge
nera
ted
Pass
wor
ds
ITL
11:1
5A
Eric
Mar
ksz
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pitt
sbur
gh
Appl
icat
ions
of L
aser
-Coo
led
Lith
ium
Ion
Sour
ce
Focu
sed
Ion
Beam
Tec
hnol
ogy
for M
ater
ials
Anal
ysis
and
Proc
essin
g
CNST
11:4
5A
Mar
ia K
apla
n U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Uni
axia
l Orie
ntat
ion
of P
olym
ers:
Fab
ricat
ion
of
Aniso
trop
ic O
rgan
ic S
emico
nduc
tor F
ilms
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
12:1
5P
Arec
Jam
goch
ian
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k De
velo
pmen
t of a
Hig
h Re
solu
tion
Phot
onic
Sp
ectr
omet
er
PML/
Phys
ics
12:4
5P
LUN
CH –
SU
RF D
IREC
TORS
AN
D EX
TERN
AL V
ISIT
ORS
(Din
ing
Room
s A &
B, B
uild
ing
101)
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 5
TI
ME
SPEA
KER
UN
IVER
SITY
TI
TLE
LAB
MO
DER
ATO
R:
T
abbe
tha
Dobb
ins,
Row
an U
nive
rsity
and
Ch
ris K
assn
er, R
owan
Uni
vers
ity a
nd N
aval
Res
earc
h La
bora
tory
2:
20P
Kevi
n Ta
lley
Boise
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
O
ptim
izatio
n an
d Ch
arac
teriz
atio
n of
Per
ovsk
ite
Oxi
des a
s Pot
entia
l The
rmoe
lect
ric M
ater
ials
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
2:40
P Ja
red
Cart
er
Uni
vers
ity o
f Flo
rida
Synt
hesis
, Cry
stal
Str
uctu
res,
and
Pha
se
Tran
sitio
ns in
(Na,
Li)(N
b,Ta
)O3 C
eram
ics
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
3:00
P Da
niel
Kut
zik
Alfr
ed U
nive
rsity
A
Mol
ecul
ar D
ynam
ics (
MD)
Stu
dy o
f Sur
fact
ant
Self-
Asse
mbl
y on
Sin
gle-
Wal
led
Carb
on
Nan
otub
es (S
WCN
Ts)
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
3:20
P M
eaga
n Pa
pac
Boise
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
M
ulti-
Scal
e Ch
arac
teriz
atio
n of
Sel
ectiv
e So
rben
t M
ater
ials
Thro
ugh
X-Ra
y Sc
atte
ring
Tech
niqu
es
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
3:40
P Er
ic N
elso
n Bo
ise S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Mod
elin
g M
ater
ials
for a
Bet
ter T
omor
row
: Co
mpu
tatio
nal S
tudi
es o
f Car
bon
Capt
ure
Mat
eria
ls M
IL-5
3 an
d BP
ene
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
4:00
P Ch
arle
s Sco
tt
Row
an U
nive
rsity
M
icro
- and
Mes
o-Po
rous
Str
uctu
re A
naly
sis o
f CO
2 Ca
ptur
e M
ater
ials
Usin
g Ga
s Sor
ptio
n M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 4:
20P
Jaro
d Ho
rn
Mon
tgom
ery
Colle
ge
Eval
uate
CO
2 Sor
ptio
n Pr
oper
ties o
f Mol
ecul
ar
Siev
es w
ith D
istin
ct P
ore
Size
s and
Ext
ra-
Fram
ewor
k Ca
tions
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
4:
40P
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 6
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Br
andi
Tol
iver
, Int
erna
tiona
l and
Aca
dem
ic A
ffai
rs O
ffic
e, N
IST
2:20
P Si
gne
Braa
fladt
Sa
int O
laf C
olle
ge
The
Com
et A
ssay
: Met
hods
for Q
uant
itativ
e Im
age
Anal
ysis
and
Repr
oduc
ibili
ty
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
2:40
P Sw
aksh
a Ra
chur
i U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Mol
ecul
ar C
loni
ng a
nd C
hara
cter
izatio
n of
Ad
enyl
yl C
ycla
se C
lass
II S
ecre
ted
from
Ps
eudo
mon
as A
erug
inos
a
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
3:00
P M
egan
Mad
onna
Va
nder
bilt
Uni
vers
ity
Auto
mat
ing
the
Cultu
re o
f Mic
robi
al B
iofil
ms
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
3:20
P Ab
igai
l Jac
kson
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Balti
mor
e Co
unty
N
ew G
ener
atio
n De
ntal
Res
in C
ompo
sites
M
ML/
NCN
R Ch
emBi
o 3:
40P
Elia
nna
Bier
Au
gsbu
rg C
olle
ge
Auto
mat
ed L
ive
Cell
Imag
ing
of S
tem
Cel
ls Ex
pres
sing
Gree
n Fl
uore
scen
t Pro
tein
M
ML/
NCN
R Ch
emBi
o 4:
00P
4:20
P 4:
40P
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 7
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Isab
el B
eich
l, In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory
SURF
Dire
ctor
, NIS
T 2:
20P
Jane
Pan
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Balti
mor
e Co
unty
Id
entif
ying
Dist
inct
Reg
ions
in M
ulti-
Mat
eria
l M
icro
stru
ctur
e Im
ages
with
Clu
ster
ing
Algo
rithm
s IT
L
2:40
P Ti
mot
hy K
im
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k La
rge
Imag
e Vi
sual
izatio
n IT
L 3:
00P
Jare
d M
cAnd
rew
s M
iller
svill
e U
nive
rsity
of P
enns
ylva
nia
Eval
uatio
n of
Dev
elop
men
t Tec
hnol
ogie
s and
U
sabi
lity
Desig
n fo
r Cro
ss-P
latf
orm
/Cro
ss-D
evic
e Bi
omet
ric A
pplic
atio
ns
ITL
3:20
P Pa
ul W
atro
bski
St
ate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k Bi
ngha
mto
n So
ftw
are
Defin
ed R
adio
Dev
elop
men
t for
Sp
ectr
um M
onito
ring
ITL
3:40
P Be
hnaz
Gho
ucha
ni
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k De
velo
ping
New
and
Mor
e Ef
ficie
nt W
ays t
o So
lve
the
Tim
e-De
pend
ent S
chrö
ding
er E
quat
ion
(TDS
E)
ITL
4:00
P Br
ando
n Al
exan
der
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Ba
ltim
ore
Coun
ty
R-Se
para
tion
of L
apla
ce’s
Equ
atio
n in
Ro
tatio
nally
-Inva
riant
Cyc
lidic
Coo
rdin
ates
IT
L
4:20
P Je
ssie
Hirt
enst
ein
Amer
ican
Uni
vers
ity
Conv
erge
nce
of M
agnu
s Int
egra
l Add
ition
Th
eore
ms f
or C
onflu
ent H
yper
geom
etric
Fu
nctio
ns in
Ter
ms o
f Bes
sel a
nd P
arab
olic
Cy
linde
r Fun
ctio
ns
ITL
4:40
P 5:
00P
END
OF
DAY
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 8
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Cam
eron
Mill
er, P
hysi
cal M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y/Ph
ysic
s SU
RF D
irect
or, N
IST
2:20
P Je
sse
Kosio
r Ro
wan
Uni
vers
ity
Inve
stig
atin
g M
etho
ds fo
r Saf
e Va
ccin
e Tr
ansp
orta
tion
PML/
Phys
2:40
P M
eliss
a Gu
idry
Co
llege
of W
illia
m a
nd M
ary
Char
acte
rizin
g th
e Fi
rst A
ll-Bi
olog
ical
Sin
gle
Phot
on S
ourc
e PM
L/Ph
ys
3:00
P Fr
eddy
Cisn
eros
El
Cam
ino
Com
mun
ity C
olle
ge
Eval
uatio
n of
a N
ew D
osim
eter
for I
ndus
tria
l Ra
diat
ion
Proc
essin
g PM
L/Ph
ys
3:20
P La
ura
Andr
e Sa
int M
ary’
s Col
lege
of M
aryl
and
Lase
r Int
erfe
rom
etry
for R
adia
tion
Dosim
etry
PM
L/Ph
ys
3:40
P La
uren
Cro
nise
W
est V
irgin
ia W
esle
yan
Colle
ge
CT Im
agin
g of
the
Lung
s and
Inve
stig
atio
n of
Dua
l En
ergy
CT
PML/
Phys
4:00
P M
ira F
ein
Obe
rlin
Colle
ge
Crea
ting
a Co
lor P
refe
renc
e In
dex
PML/
Phys
4:
20P
4:40
P 5:
00P
END
OF
DAY
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 9
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Chr
isto
pher
Whi
te, E
ngin
eerin
g La
bora
tory
SU
RF D
irect
or, N
IST
2:20
P Al
ejan
dra
Dom
ingu
ez
Flor
ida
Inst
itute
of T
echn
olog
y Da
ta P
repr
oces
sing
and
Char
acte
rizat
ion
for
Man
ufac
turin
g Po
wer
Dat
a EL
2:40
P Ch
else
a Va
ne
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Ba
ltim
ore
Coun
ty
Appl
icat
ion
of M
achi
ne L
earn
ing
Tech
niqu
es fo
r M
anuf
actu
ring
EL
3:00
P Bo
wen
Zhi
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Seei
ng is
Bel
ievi
ng: V
isual
Dat
a An
alyt
ics f
or S
mar
t M
anuf
actu
ring
EL
3:20
P Jo
rdan
Sen
ator
e Fl
orid
a In
stitu
te o
f Tec
hnol
ogy
The
Use
of D
iscre
te E
vent
Sim
ulat
ion
for A
ssur
ing
the
Perf
orm
ance
of a
Man
ufac
turin
g Sy
stem
EL
3:40
P Su
san
McG
ratt
an
Corn
ell U
nive
rsity
W
ater
Con
sum
ptio
n in
Man
ufac
turin
g Pr
oces
ses
EL
4:00
P Co
nor M
cCoy
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Deve
lopm
ent o
f Low
-Cos
t Dat
a Ac
quisi
tion
Devi
ces f
or E
xtre
me
Haza
rd A
pplic
atio
ns
EL
4:20
P
4:
40P
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
0
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Ch
arle
s Yin
g, N
atio
nal S
cien
ce F
ound
atio
n 9:
00A
Joel
le B
aer
Ham
ilton
Col
lege
Se
e Yo
u on
the
Flip
ped
Side
: The
Con
stru
ctio
n an
d O
ptim
izatio
n of
RF
Coils
Use
d to
Flip
3 He
Pola
rizat
ion
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
9:20
A Ho
an L
ee
Mar
quet
te U
nive
rsity
Th
e Ro
le o
f Size
and
Cry
stal
linity
on
Mag
netic
N
anop
artic
le R
espo
nse
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
9:40
A Te
resa
Tur
man
ian
Juni
ata
Colle
ge
Mag
netic
Gro
und
Stat
e of
Indu
stria
l Sen
sors
M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 10
:00A
Jo
seph
Les
niew
ski
Mou
nt S
aint
Mar
y’s U
nive
rsity
In
tera
ctiv
e Da
ta A
naly
sis o
f Neu
tron
Sca
tter
ing
Data
M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 10
:20A
An
drew
Hei
ndel
Ja
mes
Mad
ison
Uni
vers
ity
Com
puta
tiona
l Met
hods
to A
naly
ze S
mal
l Ang
le
Scat
terin
g Da
ta o
f Bio
logi
cal M
olec
ules
& F
ree
Ener
gy C
alcu
latio
ns to
Val
idat
e St
ruct
ural
En
sem
bles
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
10:4
0A
BREA
K M
OD
ERAT
OR:
D
an N
eum
ann,
NIS
T Ce
nter
for N
eutr
on R
esea
rch,
NIS
T 11
:00A
Jo
rge
Hern
ande
z Sa
nche
z Cl
emso
n U
nive
rsity
Co
uld
Fish
Hel
p Tr
eat C
ance
r?
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
11:2
0A
Bonn
ie N
ewm
an
Gene
va C
olle
ge
Exte
nsio
nal F
low
-SAN
S of
Wor
mlik
e M
icel
les
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
11:4
0A
Aaro
n W
est
Uni
vers
ity o
f Was
hing
ton
Expl
orin
g th
e St
ruct
ure
of S
urfa
ctan
ts w
ith R
heo-
SAN
S in
Tw
o Di
men
sions
M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 12
:00N
Je
ffrey
Sel
f U
nive
rsty
of T
exas
Aus
tin
Qua
si-El
astic
Neu
tron
Sca
tter
ing
of M
etha
nol
Aggr
egat
es
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
12:2
0P
Step
hani
e Gn
ewuc
h O
tter
bein
Uni
vers
ity
Neu
tron
Pow
der D
iffra
ctio
n Ex
perim
ents
of
Nitr
ogen
and
Oxy
gen
Adso
rptio
n in
Met
al-O
rgan
ic
Fram
ewor
ks to
Est
imat
e Ad
sorp
tion
Sele
ctiv
ity fo
r Ga
s Sep
arat
ions
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
12:4
0 LU
NCH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
1
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Ro
bert
Shu
ll an
d Te
rrel
l Van
dera
h, M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y/M
atSc
i SU
RF D
irect
ors,
NIS
T 1:
30P
Alex
ande
r Kor
dell
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
ater
ials
Info
rmat
ics f
or th
e M
ater
ials
Geno
me
Initi
ativ
e M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 1:
50P
Davi
d Li
chtm
an
Virg
inia
Pol
ytec
hnic
Inst
itute
and
St
ate
Uni
vers
ity
Repr
oduc
tion
and
Char
acte
rizat
ion
of C
omm
erci
al
Cu-N
i-Zn
Allo
ys
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
2:10
P Da
niel
Lep
kow
ski
Loui
siana
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
and
Ag
ricul
tura
l and
Mec
hani
cal C
olle
ge
Mea
sure
men
t of t
he M
agne
toca
loric
Effe
ct in
Ni-
Mn-
Al T
ype
Allo
ys
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
2:30
P Ky
le S
tritc
h Le
high
Uni
vers
ity
FORC
Mea
sure
men
ts U
sing
the
Anom
alou
s Hal
l Ef
fect
: A F
eCuP
t L1 0
Cas
e St
udy
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
2:50
P Da
vid
Mar
in
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k An
Ext
raor
dina
ry H
all E
ffect
Sus
cept
omet
er fo
r Fa
st M
easu
rem
ents
of M
agne
tic M
edia
M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 3:
10P
BREA
K 3:
20P
Laur
a By
rnes
-Bla
nco
Uni
vers
ity o
f Sou
th F
lorid
a Ex
amin
atio
n of
a 3
D Pr
inte
d Bi
ocom
patib
le
Poly
mer
for S
tent
s M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 3:
40P
Chris
toph
er R
eyno
lds
Virg
inia
Pol
ytec
hnic
Inst
itute
and
St
ate
Uni
vers
ity
RM fo
r Str
ain
Mea
sure
men
ts in
SEM
M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 4:
00P
Josh
ua G
oldm
an
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k O
ptic
al C
alib
ratio
n of
Nan
ocal
orim
eter
Chi
ps
Usin
g In
frar
ed C
amer
a M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 4:
20P
Roha
n M
ittal
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Uni
dire
ctio
nal B
allis
tic R
esist
ant L
amin
ates
M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
i 4:
40P
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
2
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E O
F TA
LK
LAB
MO
DER
ATO
R:
Ca
ther
ine
Rim
mer
, Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory/
Chem
Bio
SURF
Dire
ctor
, NIS
T 9:
00A
Shay
la D
unca
n Al
abam
a St
ate
Uni
vers
ity
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a S
tand
ard
Toxi
city
Ass
ay fo
r N
anom
ater
ials
Usin
g Ca
enor
habd
itis e
lega
ns
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
9:20
A Ra
chel
Gol
an
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k To
xici
ty o
f TiO
2 Nan
opar
ticle
s in
vitr
o an
d in
viv
o M
ML/
NCN
R Ch
emBi
o 9:
40A
Tany
a Sh
i Ya
le U
nive
rsity
M
easu
ring
the
Conc
entr
atio
n of
Spe
cific
Met
allic
Ions
in
Sol
utio
n Th
roug
h In
duce
d N
anop
artic
le
Aggr
egat
ion
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
10:0
0A
Caitl
yn M
aczk
a U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Balti
mor
e Co
unty
Ev
alua
ting
Dual
Pla
tfor
ms f
or B
one
and
Vasc
ular
Re
gene
ratio
n M
ML/
NCN
R Ch
emBi
o 10
:20A
Ts
ega
Solo
mon
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
(Mill
igan
Sch
olar
) O
ptim
izing
Onl
ine
Prot
eoly
sis fo
r Hyd
roge
n De
uter
ium
Exc
hang
e-M
ass S
pect
rom
etry
(HDX
-MS)
M
ML/
NCN
R Ch
emBi
o 10
:40A
BR
EAK
MO
DER
ATO
R:
Chris
toph
er S
zaka
l, M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y/Ch
emBi
o SU
RF D
irect
or, N
IST
11:0
0A
Mar
tin S
hett
y M
ontg
omer
y Co
llege
Da
ta A
cqui
sitio
n an
d Re
duct
ion
Soft
war
e fo
r Mul
ti-De
tect
or P
rom
pt G
amm
a Ne
utro
n Ac
tivat
ion
Anal
ysis
Syst
em a
t NCN
R
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
11:2
0A
My
Duye
n Le
M
ontg
omer
y Co
llege
In
vest
igat
ing
the
Influ
ence
of T
empe
ratu
re a
nd A
cid
Mat
rix o
n th
e De
term
inat
ion
of A
rsen
ic in
the
Arse
nic
Spec
iatio
n Re
fere
nce
Stan
dard
s
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
11:4
0A
12:0
0N
12:2
0P
12:4
0P
LUN
CH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
3
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Ch
arle
s Rom
ine
& Ja
mes
St.
Pier
re, I
nfor
mat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy L
abor
ator
y, N
IST
1:30
P Su
ng-h
o O
h Br
own
Uni
vers
ity
Max
imizi
ng th
e Sp
read
of I
nfor
mat
ion
in
Com
mun
icat
ion
Netw
orks
IT
L
1:50
P Ka
mal
May
o U
nive
rsity
of t
he D
istric
t of C
olum
bia
Test
and
Mea
sure
men
t of E
mer
ging
Bor
der
Gate
way
Pro
toco
l Sec
urity
Mec
hani
sm
ITL
2:10
P M
anue
l Ort
iz Po
lyte
chni
c U
nive
rsity
of P
uert
o Ri
co
Real
-Tim
e An
alys
is of
Rou
te O
rigin
Val
idat
ion
of
Bord
er G
atew
ay U
pdat
e St
ream
IT
L
2:30
P Pa
ul S
abba
gh
Bow
ie S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
CPCC
: A C
yber
Phy
sical
Clo
ud C
ompu
ting
Test
bed
ITL
2:50
P Jo
seph
Wu
Stan
ford
Uni
vers
ity
Smar
t and
Syn
chro
nize
d!: M
odel
ing
the
Effe
ct o
f Ti
me
Offs
et in
Pow
er F
low
s Acr
oss t
he S
mar
t Grid
IT
L
3:10
P BR
EAK
3:20
P Ja
cob
Colla
rd
Swar
thm
ore
Colle
ge
Auto
mat
ic O
ntol
ogie
s: S
tand
ardi
zed
Term
inol
ogy
Gene
ratio
n fo
r Doc
umen
t Com
paris
on a
nd S
earc
h IT
L
3:40
P M
oham
ed G
ueye
Ci
ty U
nive
rsity
of N
ew Y
ork
Leve
ragi
ng W
eb D
evel
opm
ent I
nfra
stru
ctur
e fo
r 2D
and
3D
Visu
aliza
tions
IT
L
4:00
P Lu
is Ca
taco
ra
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k D3
Spa
tial D
ecom
posit
ion
Visu
aliza
tion
Valid
atio
n To
ol fo
r Cem
ent H
ydra
tion
ITL
4:20
P Ay
otun
de O
luta
de
Jack
son
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
Ex
plor
atio
n of
NIS
T M
ass S
pect
rosc
opy
Data
with
D3
IT
L
4:40
P Ja
cob
Sieg
el
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k Vi
ewin
g St
em C
ells
in T
hree
Dim
ensio
ns o
n a
Larg
e Sc
ale
ITL
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
4
TI
ME
SPEA
KER
UN
IVER
SITY
TI
TLE
LAB
MO
DER
ATO
R:
9:
00A
Anil
Adhi
kari
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
of N
ew Y
ork
Bing
ham
ton
Non
-Des
truc
tive
Anal
ysis
of T
herm
al S
tres
s in
Copp
er T
hrou
gh S
ilico
n Vi
a U
sing
Tim
e Do
mai
n Re
flect
omet
ry
PML/
Elec
Eng
9:20
A Ca
sey
Levi
ne
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
of N
ew Y
ork
Bing
ham
ton
Para
llel P
rogr
amm
ing
to Q
uick
ly G
ener
ate
Libr
arie
s of I
mag
es fo
r 3D
SEM
-Bas
ed
Dim
ensio
nal M
easu
rem
ents
PML/
Elec
Eng
9:40
A De
rek
Foge
l W
ake
Fore
st U
nive
rsity
Re
sidua
l Add
itive
in O
rgan
ic P
hoto
volta
ics
PML/
Elec
Eng
10:0
0A
Will
iam
Ser
rano
-Gar
cia
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pue
rto
Rico
Hum
acao
Fa
bric
atio
n an
d El
ectr
ical
Cha
ract
eriza
tion
of
Rubr
ene
Sing
le –
Cry
stal
PM
L/El
ecEn
g
10:2
0A
Kayl
a Zi
mm
erm
an
Appa
lach
ian
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
El
ectr
ical
Mea
sure
men
ts o
f Mol
ecul
ar L
ayer
s by
Eute
ctic
Gal
lium
-Indi
um
PML/
Elec
Eng
10:4
0A
BREA
K M
OD
ERAT
OR:
11
:00A
Je
nnife
r San
dova
l-Cas
as
Poly
tech
nic
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pue
rto
Rico
Te
stin
g an
Ele
ctric
al P
ower
Fre
quen
cy
Dist
urba
nce
Reco
rder
(FDR
) Dev
ice
PML/
Elec
Eng
11:2
0A
Jam
es F
allo
n Ci
ty U
nive
rsity
of N
ew Y
ork
Au
tom
atin
g th
e Ca
libra
tion
of D
MM
Cal
ibra
tors
an
d N
avig
atio
n Sy
stem
s PM
L/El
ecEn
g
11:4
0A
Edw
ard
O’B
rien
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
of N
ew Y
ork
Bing
ham
ton
High
Res
istan
ce C
hara
cter
izatio
n to
100
TΩ
PM
L/El
ecEn
g
12:0
0N
Eric
Lea
man
Ja
mes
Mad
ison
Uni
vers
ity
Grav
imet
ry fo
r the
NIS
T-4
Wat
t Bal
ance
PM
L/El
ecEn
g 12
:20P
Vi
gnes
h Dh
anas
ekar
an
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Ba
ltim
ore
Coun
ty
Impr
ovem
ent o
f Sys
tem
atic
Unc
erta
intie
s in
Mas
s Ca
libra
tion
Usin
g Ro
botic
Com
para
tors
PM
L/El
ecEn
g
12:4
0P
LUN
CH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
5
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
1:
30P
Jaco
b Li
nebe
rry
Nor
th C
arol
ina
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
Si
mul
atio
n of
Cos
mic
and
Bac
kgro
und
Radi
atio
n Th
roug
h De
tect
or S
hiel
ding
PM
L/Ph
ys
1:50
P An
anya
Sita
ram
U
nive
rsity
of R
oche
ster
Cr
eatin
g a
Fast
Pie
zo-A
ctua
ted
Mirr
or fo
r the
El
imin
atio
n of
Fib
er N
oise
PM
L/Ph
ys
1:50
P Al
exan
der D
ebre
cht
Juni
ata
Colle
ge
Desc
ribin
g th
e Q
uant
um C
hara
cter
of M
etal
lic
Nan
opar
ticle
Pla
smon
s PM
L/Ph
ys
2:10
P Kr
istin
a Du
ngan
De
niso
n U
nive
rsity
U
ltra
High
Spe
ed E
lect
roni
cs fo
r Sin
gle-
Phot
on
Dete
ctio
n in
Qua
ntum
Key
Dist
ribut
ion
PML/
Phys
2:50
P Et
han
Clem
ents
M
iam
i Uni
vers
ity o
f Ohi
o Fe
edba
ck C
ontr
olle
d M
agne
tic F
ield
Zer
oing
for
Rare
Ear
th Q
uant
um M
emor
y PM
L/Ph
ys
3:10
P
BREA
K 3:
20P
Nou
ra B
rock
Jabe
r Br
yn M
awr C
olle
ge
Expl
orin
g th
e El
ectr
ical
Pro
pert
ies o
f Car
bon
Nan
otub
e M
ater
ials
with
Ram
an S
pect
rosc
opy
PML/
Phys
3:40
P W
illia
m B
yron
Tu
lane
Uni
vers
ity
Resid
ual G
as E
ffect
on
aCO
RN
PML/
Phys
4:
00P
Mol
lie B
iens
tock
St
ate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k Ge
nese
o Ca
libra
tion
of 22
Na
Usin
g th
e Su
m-P
eak
Coun
ting
Met
hod
PML/
Phys
4:20
P Ch
risto
pher
Add
iego
Ca
rneg
ie M
ello
n U
nive
rsity
Si
mul
atio
n of
an
Ion
Beam
line
for I
soto
pica
lly
Enric
hed
Silic
on D
epos
ition
PM
L/Ph
ys
4:40
P
5:
00P
END
OF
DAY
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
6
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E O
F TA
LK
LAB
MO
DER
ATO
R:
Clar
issa
Fer
raris
, Eng
inee
ring
Labo
rato
ry S
URF
Dire
ctor
, NIS
T 9:
00A
Leon
ard
Jacq
ues
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Ba
ltim
ore
Coun
ty
Inte
rfac
ial S
hear
Str
engt
h M
easu
rem
ents
for
Hybr
id N
anoc
ompo
sites
Usin
g Fi
ber “
Push
” M
etho
ds
EL
9:20
A Pa
ul S
cott
II
Mor
ehou
se C
olle
ge
Fun
in th
e Su
n: C
hara
cter
izatio
n an
d An
alys
is of
Ph
otod
egra
ded
Poly
ethy
lene
EL
9:40
A Bl
ake
Thrif
t Fa
yett
evill
e St
ate
Uni
vers
ity
Exam
inin
g El
ectr
ical
Cab
le D
egra
datio
n in
Nuc
lear
Po
wer
Pla
nts
EL
10:0
0A
Mic
helle
Hel
sel
Virg
inia
Pol
ytec
hnic
Inst
itute
and
St
ate
Uni
vers
ity
Stan
dard
Tes
ting
Met
hods
for D
ensit
y of
Hy
drau
lic C
emen
t EL
10:2
0A
Step
hen
Cauf
fman
Sy
racu
se U
nive
rsity
Im
prov
ing
Situ
atio
nal A
war
enes
s in
Inci
dent
Re
spon
ders
Usin
g U
nman
ned
Aeria
l Sys
tem
s EL
10:4
0A
BREA
K
Mod
erat
or:
Josh
ua K
neife
l, En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, NIS
T 11
:00A
Ry
an M
iller
U
nive
rsity
of T
exas
Dal
las
Deve
lopi
ng a
Dom
ain
Spec
ific
Mod
el L
ibra
ry a
nd
Supp
ortin
g To
ols f
or M
anuf
actu
ring
Mod
elin
g an
d O
ptim
izatio
n
EL
11:2
0A
Nic
k Du
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Info
rmat
ion
Mod
els f
or S
usta
inab
le
Man
ufac
turin
g EL
11:4
0A
Andr
ew B
ujar
ski
Sain
t Joh
n’s U
nive
rsity
Co
mpa
ring
Diffe
rent
App
roac
hes f
or M
easu
ring
Envi
ronm
enta
l Per
form
ance
in th
e M
anuf
actu
ring
Indu
stry
EL
12:0
0N
Yadi
ra F
lore
s Sm
ith C
olle
ge
Mea
surin
g Su
stai
nabi
lity
in C
omm
erci
al B
uild
ings
EL
12
:20P
Ta
rang
Hira
ni
Hood
Col
lege
BI
RDS
Resid
entia
l: M
easu
ring
Sust
aina
bilit
y EL
12
:40P
LU
NCH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
7
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E O
F TA
LK
LAB
MO
DER
ATO
R:
Tani
a U
llah,
Eng
inee
ring
Labo
rato
ry S
URF
Dire
ctor
, NIS
T 1:
30P
Denn
is N
go
Mon
tgom
ery
Colle
ge
Iden
tifyi
ng th
e So
urce
s of E
rror
in A
tmos
pher
ic
Tran
spor
t Gas
es
EL
1:50
P Sc
ott W
ierc
insk
i U
nive
rsity
of N
ew H
aven
Im
pact
of C
onve
ctiv
e He
at o
n Fi
refig
hter
Tur
nout
Ge
ar
EL
2:10
P Jo
seph
Will
i U
nive
rsity
of I
llino
is U
rban
a-Ch
ampa
ign
Impa
ct o
f Diff
eren
t Ho
se S
trea
m A
pplic
atio
ns
Durin
g Fi
re S
uppr
essio
n EL
2:30
P Sh
elle
y Jin
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
May
day!
May
day!
: Inv
estig
atin
g th
e Pe
rfor
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3:10
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4:20
P Ev
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Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
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llege
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phol
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EL
4:
40P
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
8
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
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t Shu
ll an
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easu
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ator
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i SU
RF D
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ors,
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T 9:
00A
Scot
t And
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Uni
vers
ity o
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Yor
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Mat
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9:20
A M
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CNR
Mat
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9:40
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Mat
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10:0
0A
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MM
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CNR
Mat
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10:2
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ML/
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R M
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EAK
MO
DER
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Row
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IST
11:0
0A
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alifo
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s M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
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of M
ichi
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MM
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CNR
Mat
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11:4
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Alex
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M U
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MM
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CNR
Mat
Sci
12:0
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Jam
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Uni
vers
ity
Cold
Sou
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Engi
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s: M
aint
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n of
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old
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L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
12:2
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CNR
Fum
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Leve
ls M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
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:40P
LU
NCH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 1
9
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
T
ony
Brya
nt, A
laba
ma
Stat
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nive
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1:
30P
Mat
thew
Oeh
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Jam
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adiso
n U
nive
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Rh
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-Pro
tein
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via
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Bila
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MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
1:50
P Ar
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sser
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Tow
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ust,
Uni
vers
al P
olym
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raft
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MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
2:10
P Ko
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Sha
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Yor
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Flow
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s U
sing
a Ca
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-Bas
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evic
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ML/
NCN
R M
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30P
John
Epl
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Purd
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nive
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M
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pert
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hara
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MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
2:50
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tew
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Nan
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s M
ML/
NCN
R M
atSc
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10P
Chris
toph
er W
ong
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k En
zym
atic
Bio
degr
adat
ion
of T
radi
tiona
l and
N
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Res
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Dent
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s M
ML/
NCN
R M
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i 3:
20P
BREA
K 3:
40P
Joe
Carp
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r III
Arizo
na S
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Uni
vers
ity
Proc
ess O
ptim
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n of
Pol
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Sol
ar C
ells
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
4:00
P Sa
mue
l Deg
raft
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k Ch
arac
teriz
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Tran
spor
t Pro
pert
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n Bi
laye
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embr
anes
for N
ext-
Gene
ratio
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logy
MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
4:20
P Yi
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Ble
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MM
L/N
CNR
Mat
Sci
4:40
P
5:
00P
END
OF
DAY
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 2
0
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Ch
risto
pher
Sza
kal,
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory/
Chem
Bio
SURF
Dire
ctor
, NIS
T
9:00
A Al
ana
Rist
er
Mar
y Ba
ldw
in C
olle
ge
Prin
ting
Drug
s on
Edib
le S
ubst
rate
s M
ML/
NCN
R Ch
emBi
o 9:
20A
Lour
des B
obbi
o M
assa
chus
etts
Inst
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of
Tech
nolo
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Met
rolo
gy a
nd O
ptim
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n of
Add
itive
M
anuf
actu
ring
and
3D P
rintin
g M
ML/
NCN
R Ch
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o 9:
40A
Broo
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orga
n M
iddl
e Te
nnes
see
Stat
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nive
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M
IX 1
3: A
NIS
T In
terla
bora
tory
Stu
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n th
e Pr
esen
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te o
f DN
A M
ixtu
re In
terp
reta
tion
MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
10:0
0A
Soni
a De
rmer
Co
llege
of W
illia
m a
nd M
ary
Thre
e-Di
men
siona
l Str
uctu
res f
or th
e N
IST
Chem
istry
Web
Book
: My
Jour
ney
from
Mol
ecul
ar
Opt
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tion
to S
elf-O
ptim
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MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bio
10:2
0A
Etha
n Ho
Re
ed C
olle
ge
Thre
e-Di
men
siona
l Str
uctu
res f
or th
e N
IST
Chem
istry
Web
Book
: My
Jour
ney
from
Mol
ecul
ar
Opt
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tion
to S
elf-O
ptim
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MM
L/N
CNR
Chem
Bioi
10:4
0A
BREA
K M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Ti
mot
hy H
all,
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy L
abor
ator
y, N
IST
11:0
0A
Sara
h Sc
heffl
er
Harv
ey M
udd
Colle
ge
Prop
osal
s for
NIS
T St
anda
rds o
n Ge
nera
tion
of
Rand
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rimes
for C
rypt
ogra
phy
ITL
11:2
0A
Skye
Hor
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k Bo
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Sta
te U
nive
rsity
Re
al-T
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Acce
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ontr
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Faul
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mul
ated
Log
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ircui
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L
11:4
0A
Robe
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tapl
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Hood
Col
lege
M
assiv
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rtua
lizat
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and
Its E
ffect
s on
Soft
war
e En
trop
y So
urce
s IT
L
12:0
0N
Dani
el L
esso
ff Th
e Co
llege
of N
ew Je
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Im
prov
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E-M
ail S
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ity: A
DA
NE/
Ope
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Tes
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IT
L
12:2
0P
Andr
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ajcs
y U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
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ark
Rela
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Qua
ntita
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Mea
sure
men
ts to
Hum
an
Asse
ssm
ents
of V
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g Ba
llot M
ark
Type
s IT
L
12:4
0P
LUN
CH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 2
1
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
I
sabe
l Bei
chl,
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy L
abor
ator
y SU
RF D
irect
or, N
IST
1:30
P Sa
ra S
toud
t Sm
ith C
olle
ge
Corr
ectin
g Te
mpe
ratu
re R
ecor
ds fo
r Bia
ses
Unr
elat
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the
Clim
ate
ITL
1:50
P M
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Stut
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Sa
int O
laf C
olle
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Stem
Cel
l Enu
mer
atio
n: U
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Sim
ulat
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to
Info
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xper
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tal D
esig
n IT
L
2:10
P M
aja
Milo
savl
jevi
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ith C
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Seas
onal
and
Spa
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atte
rns i
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mos
pher
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Conc
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Gre
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use
Gase
s IT
L
2:30
P Ad
am D
acho
wic
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nive
rsity
of O
klah
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A Co
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rativ
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sess
men
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he L
PV A
lgor
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fo
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ls Sc
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trac
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ITL
2:50
P Lu
cian
na K
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Tu
lane
Uni
vers
ity
Adju
stm
ents
and
Add
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3:10
P
3:
20P
3:40
P
4:
00P
4:20
P
4:
40P
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 2
2
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
9:00
A Ch
ase
Brisb
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Stat
e U
nive
rsity
of N
ew Y
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Alba
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Prob
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opin
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L/El
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20A
Karla
Par
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Ci
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of N
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Elec
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est E
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men
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ith L
abVI
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for C
harg
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Capa
cita
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Mea
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men
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L/El
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9:40
A Ti
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aylo
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lora
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choo
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ines
In
terf
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ased
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ce
Mic
rosc
opy
PML/
Elec
Eng
10:0
0A
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than
Mic
helso
n St
ate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k Bi
ngha
mto
n Sc
anni
ng M
icro
wav
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icro
scop
y: A
Pro
misi
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Tech
niqu
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IC S
ubsu
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etro
logy
PM
L/El
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g
10:2
0A
10:4
0A
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K M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Jo
seph
Ric
e, P
hysi
cal M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, N
IST
11:0
0A
Aust
in C
umm
ings
Co
lora
do S
choo
l of M
ines
M
icro
scen
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ave
Dete
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pers
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Imag
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PML/
Phys
11:2
0A
Loga
n Hi
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Colo
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Sch
ool o
f Min
es
Spec
tral
Uni
form
ity: T
he H
IP W
ay
PML/
Phys
11
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Am
a Ag
yapo
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Eliza
beth
City
Sta
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nive
rsity
M
easu
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Thre
e Di
men
siona
l Ang
le o
f Thr
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-Si
licon
via
Usin
g TS
OM
Met
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PML/
Phys
12:0
0N
Jaco
b W
ard
Arizo
na S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Anal
ysis
of F
e V
and
Ni V
Wav
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gth
Stan
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Vacu
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ltrav
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L/Ph
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12:2
0P
Keel
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ownl
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mith
La
mar
Uni
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ity (n
on-S
URF
) Hy
perf
ine
Stru
ctur
e in
Sin
gly
Ioni
zed
Man
gane
se
PML/
Phys
12
:40P
LU
NCH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 2
3
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
D
an P
ierc
e, C
ente
r for
Nan
osca
le S
cien
ce &
Tec
hnol
ogy,
NIS
T 1:
30P
Colli
n Ba
ker
Uni
vers
ity o
f the
Dist
rict o
f Col
umbi
a Ad
vanc
ed P
lasm
a Et
chin
g fo
r Hig
h-As
pect
-Rat
io
Nan
omet
er S
ilico
n (S
i) Tr
ench
es
CNST
1:50
P Jo
ey A
shle
y Ra
dfor
d U
nive
rsity
M
odel
ing
Grai
n Bo
unda
ries i
n Th
in F
ilm
Phot
ovol
taic
s CN
ST
2:10
P Be
njam
in G
risaf
e St
ate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k Al
bany
De
sign
and
Char
acte
rizat
ion
of P
hase
Shi
ftin
g Ph
otom
asks
for I
-Lin
e Pr
ojec
tion
Lith
ogra
phy
CNST
2:30
P Jin
g Ch
en
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k De
velo
pmen
t of a
n Ef
ficie
nt, F
iber
-Cou
pled
Q
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um D
ot S
ingl
e Ph
oton
Sou
rce
CNST
2:50
P Se
rgei
Wal
lace
U
nive
rsity
of A
laba
ma
Tusc
aloo
sa
Mod
elin
g La
ser P
ulse
d He
at C
ondu
ctio
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Sol
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for A
ll-O
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al F
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mag
netic
Res
onan
ce
Spec
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copy
CNST
3:10
P BR
EAK
3:20
P Be
njam
in P
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U
tah
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
Tw
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men
siona
l Ele
ctro
n Ga
ses a
t the
Sur
face
of
Pota
ssiu
m T
anta
late
CN
ST
3:40
P M
axim
ilian
o Si
lva-
Feav
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Sant
a Cl
ara
Uni
vers
ity
AFM
App
licat
ions
of O
ptom
echa
nica
l Tr
ansd
uctio
n by
a M
icro
disk
Res
onat
or
CNST
4:00
P
4:
20P
4:40
P
5:
00P
END
OF
DAY
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 2
4
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Lisa
Fro
ncze
k, E
ngin
eerin
g La
bora
tory
SU
RF D
irect
or, N
IST
9:00
A Gi
anlu
ca C
apra
ro
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n An
n Ar
bor
Adva
ncin
g M
anuf
actu
ring
Proc
ess D
iagn
ostic
s an
d Pr
ogno
stic
s by
Leve
ragi
ng S
uppl
y Ch
ain
Stra
tegi
es
EL
9:20
A Gr
egor
y Kr
umm
el
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
achi
ne L
earn
ing
for A
dapt
ive
Robo
t Co
ordi
natio
n EL
9:40
A Ch
risto
pher
Law
ler
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
akin
g th
e Ro
bot T
hink
Tw
ice:
Impr
ovem
ents
to
an O
ntol
ogy-
Base
d Ag
ility
Fra
mew
ork
for
Man
ufac
turin
g Ro
botic
s
EL
10:0
0A
Thom
as O
este
U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
The
Impa
ct o
f Hum
an-R
obot
Col
labo
ratio
n EL
10
:20A
Vi
ctor
Tru
jillo
, Jr.
McL
enna
n Co
mm
unity
Col
lege
Vi
rtua
l Fus
ion:
Hum
an P
rese
nce
in
Man
ufac
turin
g Si
mul
atio
n EL
10:4
0A
BREA
K M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Yu
ying
Gos
ser,
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k 11
:00A
Ra
chel
Kup
rena
s U
nive
rsity
of S
outh
Car
olin
a An
Ana
lysis
of t
he E
ffect
s of S
imul
atio
n Pa
ram
eter
s on
CFD
Aero
dyna
mic
Blu
ff Bo
dy
Sim
ulat
ions
Usin
g Ex
perim
enta
l Des
ign
Tech
niqu
e
EL
11:2
0A
Zine
b Bo
uizy
Ci
ty U
nive
rsity
of N
ew Y
ork
Desig
ning
Bui
ldin
gs fo
r Win
d Lo
ad
EL
11:4
0A
Andr
ew A
dam
s Bo
ise S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Resil
ienc
e: P
lann
ing
for t
he F
utur
e EL
12
:00N
N
atha
niel
Ba
rrio
s Fue
ntes
In
tera
mer
ican
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pue
rto
Rico
Bay
amon
U
tilizi
ng A
NSI
/ASH
RAE
Stan
dard
37
for
Volu
met
ric A
irflo
w U
ncer
tain
ty
EL
12:2
0P
Syed
Ela
hi
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k A
New
and
Inno
vativ
e W
ay to
Con
duct
U
ncer
tain
ty A
naly
ses o
n HV
AC&
R Eq
uipm
ent!
12
:40P
LU
NCH
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 2
5
TIM
E SP
EAKE
R U
NIV
ERSI
TY
TITL
E LA
B M
OD
ERAT
OR:
Yu
ying
Gos
ser,
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k
1:30
P An
drew
Dod
d U
nive
rsity
of M
assa
chue
tts A
mhe
rst
Tow
ards
Dev
elop
ing
Com
posa
bilit
y in
Mod
elin
g an
d Si
mul
atio
n of
Add
itive
Man
ufac
turin
g Pr
oces
ses
EL
1:50
P Da
vid
Chu
Uni
vers
ity o
f Virg
inia
U
nder
stan
ding
the
Addi
tive
Man
ufac
turin
g Di
gita
l Thr
ead
EL
2:10
P N
atha
n Br
ocke
tt
Penn
sylv
ania
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
Lo
okin
g In
side
the
Proc
ess o
f Add
itive
M
anuf
actu
ring
with
Ultr
ason
ics
EL
2:30
P Ke
vin
Zeng
U
nive
rsity
of V
irgin
ia
Criti
cal G
eom
etrie
s in
Addi
tive
Man
ufac
turin
g EL
2:
50P
Josh
ua L
and
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
aker
Bot R
ound
Rob
in S
tudy
: Man
ufac
turin
g Pl
an P
reci
sion
3:10
P BR
EAK
3:20
P Ca
lvin
Zeh
nder
Ca
se W
este
rn R
eser
ve U
nive
rsity
Dy
nam
ic P
rope
rtie
s of M
etal
s Use
d in
Add
itive
M
anuf
actu
ring
EL
3:40
P Go
lnaz
Gho
ucha
ni
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k Da
ta M
inin
g Ap
plic
atio
n in
Web
Ser
vice
s EL
4:
00P
Jam
es L
edw
ell
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k Au
gmen
ted
Real
ity fo
r Sm
art M
anuf
actu
ring:
A
Goog
le G
lass
Exp
lora
tory
Pro
ject
EL
4:20
P N
asif
Sikd
er
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Ba
ltim
ore
Coun
ty
Sem
antic
Ref
inem
ent T
ool D
evel
opm
ent
EL
4:40
P Ge
dalia
h Kn
izhni
k U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Sem
antic
Inte
rpre
tatio
n of
Bay
esia
n In
fere
nce
in
a M
anuf
actu
ring
Scen
ario
EL
5:00
P EN
D O
F DA
Y
2014
SU
RF C
ollo
quiu
mPa
ge 2
6
"Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper to foster understanding. Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose."
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 29
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ndre
w A
dam
s G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
2 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Boi
se S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Civi
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an o
n en
terin
g th
e fie
ld to
exp
lore
opt
ions
, pos
sibly
follo
wed
by
grad
uate
scho
ol.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Mat
eria
ls an
d St
ruct
ural
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Disa
ster
Res
ilien
ce
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: St
ephe
n Ca
uffm
an
Title
of T
alk:
Re
silie
nce:
Pla
nnin
g fo
r the
Fut
ure
Abst
ract
: O
n av
erag
e, n
atur
al a
nd m
an-m
ade
disa
ster
s cau
se a
n es
timat
ed $
57 b
illio
n in
loss
es e
very
yea
r, w
ith la
rge
singl
e ev
ents
such
as H
urric
ane
Katr
ina
capa
ble
of in
flict
ing
cost
s ove
r $10
0 bi
llion
. Cu
rren
t bui
ldin
g de
sign
met
hods
ha
ve fo
cuse
d sp
ecifi
cally
on
the
pres
erva
tion
of li
fe sa
fety
whe
n fa
ced
with
a m
ajor
haz
ard
even
t, an
d ha
ve b
een
succ
essf
ul in
doi
ng so
. Ho
wev
er in
fras
truc
ture
syst
em in
terd
epen
denc
ies a
re n
ot a
ddre
ssed
and
con
tinue
d fu
nctio
nalit
y of
bui
ldin
gs a
nd in
fras
truc
ture
pos
t-eve
nt is
ofte
n lo
st, r
equi
ring
eith
er d
emol
ition
or l
engt
hy re
pairs
. Th
ere
has b
een
a re
cent
shift
in th
inki
ng to
war
ds th
e id
ea o
f res
ilien
ce a
nd b
uild
ing
with
con
tinue
d fu
nctio
nalit
y an
d qu
ick
reco
very
in m
ind
shou
ld a
maj
or h
azar
d ev
ent o
ccur
. Th
e w
ork
bein
g do
ne a
t NIS
T in
the
Disa
ster
Re
silie
nce
grou
p is
focu
sing
on c
omm
unity
resil
ienc
e, d
efin
ed a
s the
abi
lity
of a
com
mun
ity to
abs
orb
and
reco
ver
from
the
effe
cts o
f a c
omm
unity
wid
e ha
zard
eve
nt.
A re
silie
nt c
omm
unity
is th
eref
ore
one
that
can
with
stan
d th
e im
pact
of a
haz
ard
even
t and
reco
ver q
uick
ly e
noug
h to
pre
vent
sign
ifica
ntly
det
rimen
tal l
ong
term
eco
nom
ic
and
soci
al c
onse
quen
ces.
Th
e ob
ject
ive
of m
y pr
ojec
t was
to c
ompa
re a
nd a
naly
ze e
xist
ing
met
rics f
or re
silie
nce
and
iden
tify
poss
ible
st
reng
ths a
nd w
eakn
esse
s in
orde
r to
help
info
rm N
IST’
s Disa
ster
Res
ilien
ce F
ram
ewor
k, w
hich
is b
eing
dev
elop
ed
as c
alle
d ou
t by
The
Pres
iden
t’s C
limat
e Ac
tion
Plan
. An
y pr
opos
ed m
easu
rem
ent n
eede
d to
be
flexi
ble
enou
gh to
ap
ply
to a
ll-ha
zard
s, ti
me-
trac
kabl
e pr
e-ev
ent a
nd d
urin
g re
cove
ry, a
ctio
nabl
e, o
bjec
tive,
con
siste
nt, a
nd si
mpl
e.
NIS
T’s f
ocus
is o
n de
velo
ping
a re
silie
nt b
uilt
envi
ronm
ent a
s a fo
unda
tion
to su
ppor
t the
soci
al n
eeds
of a
co
mm
unity
. I w
as a
ble
to d
istin
guish
feat
ures
from
the
diffe
rent
sets
whi
ch a
lign
with
NIS
T’s o
bjec
tives
thro
ugh
the
iden
tific
atio
n of
crit
ical
ele
men
ts d
esire
d in
met
rics f
or th
e Fr
amew
ork.
The
met
rics w
hich
I ex
amin
ed w
ere
deve
lope
d by
the
Uni
ted
Natio
ns (U
NIS
DR),
San
Fran
cisc
o Pl
anni
ng a
nd U
rban
and
Res
earc
h (S
PUR)
, and
the
Com
mun
ity &
Reg
iona
l Res
ilien
ce In
stitu
te (C
ARRI
).
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
hrist
ophe
r Add
iego
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H09
1 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Car
negi
e M
ello
n U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Phy
sics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on, Q
uant
um P
roce
sses
an
d M
etro
logy
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. J
osh
Pom
eroy
Title
of T
alk:
Si
mul
atio
n of
an
Ion
Beam
line
for I
soto
pica
lly E
nric
hed
Silic
on D
epos
ition
Abst
ract
: Si
licon
bas
ed q
uant
um c
ompu
ting
tech
nolo
gy is
an
attr
activ
e pr
ospe
ct b
ecau
se th
e cu
rren
t sem
icon
duct
or
indu
stry
has
con
stru
cted
a ro
bust
infr
astr
uctu
re fo
cuse
d on
man
ufac
turin
g sil
icon
bas
ed d
evic
es. H
owev
er,
natu
ral s
ilico
n is
not s
uita
ble
for s
uch
devi
ces d
ue to
the
pres
ence
of t
he si
licon
-29
(29Si
) iso
tope
. The
odd
num
ber
of n
ucle
ons i
n th
e 29
Si n
ucle
us m
eans
that
eac
h 29
Si a
tom
has
nuc
lear
spin
of 1
/2 w
hich
can
disr
upt t
he c
oher
ent
quan
tum
stat
es th
at m
ust b
e m
aint
aine
d in
a q
uant
um c
ompu
ter.
Ther
efor
e, it
is n
eces
sary
to e
nric
h na
tura
l sil
icon
to m
axim
ize th
e co
ncen
trat
ion
of 28
Si a
nd m
inim
ize th
e co
ncen
trat
ion
of 29
Si if
it is
to b
e ap
plie
d to
war
d qu
antu
m c
ompu
ting.
Th
e Q
uant
um P
roce
sses
and
Met
rolo
gy G
roup
at N
IST
is de
velo
ping
a m
etho
d fo
r enr
ichi
ng si
licon
that
use
s a
mas
s spe
ctro
met
er to
sele
ct o
nly
28Si
from
a b
eam
of i
onize
d sil
icon
ato
ms w
hich
is g
ener
ated
from
a n
atur
al
silic
on so
urce
. The
enr
iche
d sil
icon
is th
en d
epos
ited
onto
a si
licon
subs
trat
e. T
he g
oal o
f thi
s pro
ject
was
to
crea
te a
com
pute
r mod
el o
f the
app
arat
us u
sing
char
ged
part
icle
opt
ics s
imul
atio
n so
ftwar
e SI
MIO
N. T
hen,
by
optim
izing
the
fluen
ce o
f the
sim
ulat
ed b
eam
, we
aim
ed to
impr
ove
the
fluen
ce o
f the
bea
m in
the
actu
al
enric
hmen
t app
arat
us a
nd in
crea
se d
epos
ition
rate
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 31
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
nil A
dhik
ari
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
181
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
tate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k at
Bin
gham
ton
M
ajor
: El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l Co
rnel
l Uni
vers
ity/ G
eorg
ia T
ech
/ NYU
Pol
ytec
h N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Phys
ical
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory
, Sem
icon
duct
or a
nd D
imen
siona
l Met
rolo
gy D
ivisi
on,
Bac
k En
d of
Lin
e (B
EOL)
Sem
icon
duct
or g
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Ya
w S
. Obe
ng /
Dr. C
hukw
udi O
koro
Title
of T
alk:
N
on-d
estr
uctiv
e an
alys
isof
ther
mal
stre
ss in
Cop
per T
hrou
gh-S
ilico
n Vi
as u
sing
Tim
e Do
mai
n Re
flect
omet
ry
Abst
ract
: El
ectr
onic
s dev
ices
und
ergo
con
tinuo
us t
empe
ratu
re f
luct
uatio
n w
hen
in u
se.
This
cont
inuo
us t
herm
al c
yclin
g ge
nera
tes t
herm
al s
tres
ses
due
to th
e di
ffere
nt c
oeffi
cien
t of
the
rmal
exp
ansio
n (C
TE) o
f mat
eria
ls of
con
stru
ctio
n.
Thes
e th
erm
al s
tres
ses
are
know
n to
be
one
of th
e m
ajor
cau
ses
of fa
ilure
in e
lect
roni
c de
vice
s, a
s th
ey re
sult
in th
e fo
rmat
ion
of d
efec
ts s
uch
as c
rack
s, v
oids
and
del
amin
atio
ns, l
eadi
ng to
sho
rts/
open
s in
the
inte
grat
ed c
ircui
ts. W
ith
the
emer
genc
e of
thre
e-di
men
siona
l sta
cked
inte
grat
ed c
ircui
ts (3
D-SI
C), a
s th
e m
icro
chip
of t
he fu
ture
, the
con
cern
fo
r str
ess-
rela
ted
failu
res
has
incr
ease
d. T
his
is be
caus
e th
e ve
rtic
al e
lect
rical
con
nect
ions
thro
ugh
the
stac
ked
chip
s ar
e ac
hiev
ed w
ith c
oppe
r in
terc
onne
cts,
cal
led
Thro
ugh-
Silic
on V
ia (
TSV)
, whi
ch a
re f
abric
ated
thr
ough
the
act
ive
silic
on. U
nfor
tuna
tely
, the
larg
e m
ismat
ch in
the
CTE
of C
oppe
r (17
X 1
0-6/
ºC) a
nd S
ilico
n (2
.3 X
10-
6/ºC
) lea
ds to
the
gene
ratio
n of
sign
ifica
nt st
ress
es.
In t
his
wor
k, r
adio
-freq
uenc
y (R
F) b
ased
tec
hniq
ue w
as u
sed
as a
non
-des
truc
tive
faul
t-de
tect
ion
tech
niqu
e to
an
alyz
e th
e im
pact
of
ther
mal
cyc
ling
on t
he s
igna
l int
egrit
y of
Cu
TSVs
. RF
bro
adba
nd (
0-40
GHz
) w
ere
pass
ed
thro
ugh
a te
st u
nder
dev
ice
(DUT
) co
mpr
ised
of a
dai
sy c
hain
con
tain
ing
60 C
u TS
Vs.
Usin
g t h
e ve
ctor
net
wor
k an
alyz
er, t
he fr
eque
ncy
and
time
dom
ain
char
acte
ristic
s of
the
DUT
wer
e de
term
ined
as
a fu
nctio
n of
the
num
ber o
f th
erm
al c
ycle
s. F
rom
the
freq
uenc
y do
mai
n an
alys
is, th
e re
flect
ion
coef
ficie
nt a
nd th
e tr
ansm
issio
n co
effic
ient
wer
e ob
tain
ed. W
hile
in t
he t
ime
dom
ain
anal
ysis,
Tim
e Do
mai
n R e
flect
rom
etry
(TDR
) was
use
d to
det
erm
ine
the
defe
ct
loca
tion
in t
he D
UT
non-
dest
ruct
ivel
y. If
str
uctu
re o
f th
e DU
T is
chan
ged
due
to t
herm
al s
tres
s, it
res
ults
in t
he
chan
ge in
the
TDR
wav
efor
m.
To lo
cate
the
defe
ct in
dai
sy c
hain
, the
cha
nge
in t
he w
avef
orm
was
mon
itore
d an
d th
e tim
e ta
ken
by t
he w
ave
to t
rave
l fro
m o
ne e
nd o
f the
DU
T to
the
def
ect
in t
he s
truc
ture
was
cal
cula
ted.
Th
e di
scon
tinui
ty o
f the
wav
efor
m is
mar
ked
by th
e fo
rmat
ion
of d
ip in
the
wav
efor
m d
ue to
incr
ease
in th
e im
peda
nce
of th
e pa
rtic
ular
cro
ss se
ctio
n of
the
DUT.
As t
he th
erm
al c
ycle
incr
ease
s, th
e ch
ange
in th
e st
ruct
ure
in D
UT is
mor
e di
stin
ct a
nd t
he im
peda
nce
mism
atch
ed is
pro
min
ent.
In c
ase
of fr
eque
ncy
dom
ain
anal
ysis,
sca
tter
ing
para
met
ers
wer
e ob
serv
ed a
nd c
ompa
red
at d
iffer
ent t
herm
o cy
cle.
As
the
ther
mal
cyc
les i
ncre
ased
the
loss
in th
e m
agni
tude
of
scat
terin
g pa
ram
eter
s wer
e di
stin
ct.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ma
D. A
gyap
ong
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
094
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: E
lizab
eth
City
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
anni
ng o
n go
ing
to g
radu
ate
scho
ol a
t MIT
to re
ceiv
e m
y M
aste
rs a
nd P
h.D.
; I p
lan
on
wor
king
in re
sear
ch th
at g
oes h
and
in h
and
with
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
ab; S
emic
ondu
ctor
and
Dim
ensio
nal M
etro
logy
Div
ision
; N
anos
cale
Met
rolo
gy G
roup
. N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Rav
ikira
n At
tota
; Dr.
Hyeo
nggo
n Ka
ng
Title
of T
alk:
M
easu
ring
Thre
e-Di
men
siona
l Ang
le o
f Thr
ough
-Sili
con
via
Usin
g TS
OM
Met
hod
Abst
ract
: Co
pper
-fille
d th
roug
h-sil
icon
via
(TSV
s) c
onne
ct c
ircui
ts lo
cate
d in
diff
eren
t lev
els i
n an
inte
grat
ed c
ircui
t (IC
) chi
p.
Func
tioni
ng o
f an
IC c
hip
is af
fect
ed b
y pr
oper
form
atio
n of
TSV
s. T
SVs a
re tr
uly
thre
e-di
men
siona
l (3-
D), h
igh-
aspe
ct-r
atio
(HAR
) tar
gets
. Non
-des
truc
tivel
y m
easu
ring
3-D
shap
e, si
ze a
nd fo
rmat
ion
of th
e TS
Vs w
ith h
igh-
thro
ughp
ut is
a c
halle
nge
usin
g co
nven
tiona
l too
ls.
In th
is w
ork
we
pres
ent a
NIS
T-de
velo
ped
thro
ugh-
focu
s sca
nnin
g op
tical
mic
rosc
opy
(TSO
M) m
etho
d fo
r thi
s ap
plic
atio
n. T
he T
SOM
met
hod
uses
stan
dard
brig
ht-fi
eld
com
poun
d m
icro
scop
es to
mea
sure
3-D
shap
e w
ith
nano
scal
e m
easu
rem
ent s
ensit
ivity
. The
TSO
M p
roce
ss ta
kes m
ultip
le “o
ut-o
f-foc
us”
imag
es, s
tack
s the
m a
t the
pr
oper
foca
l pos
ition
s, a
nd th
en e
xtra
cts a
ver
tical
cro
ss-s
ectio
nal T
SOM
imag
e. B
y m
akin
g us
e of
the
usef
ul
char
acte
ristic
s of t
he T
SOM
imag
es, 3
-D sh
ape
of a
ny n
anos
cale
to m
icro
scal
e ta
rget
can
be
extr
acte
d. In
the
curr
ent w
ork
we
mak
e us
e of
the
TSO
M m
etho
d to
det
erm
ine
the
angl
e of
TSV
s with
resp
ect t
o th
e su
rfac
e. T
he
TSO
M m
etho
d ac
hiev
es th
is no
n-de
stru
ctiv
ely
with
hig
h-th
roug
hput
, a d
istin
ct a
dvan
tage
com
pare
d to
oth
er
conv
entio
nal m
etho
ds.
TSVs
are
exp
ecte
d to
be
norm
al (a
xis p
erpe
ndic
ular
) to
the
surf
ace
of th
e sil
icon
waf
er. H
owev
er, d
urin
g fa
bric
atio
n, th
e ac
tual
ang
le d
evia
tes f
rom
this
desir
ed a
ngle
and
cou
ld le
ad to
impr
oper
con
nect
ivity
bet
wee
n ci
rcui
ts, j
eopa
rdizi
ng p
rope
r fun
ctio
ning
of p
rodu
cts.
By
dete
rmin
ing
the
beha
vior
of T
SVs a
cros
s ind
ivid
ual d
ies o
f th
e en
tire
waf
er, a
solu
tion
can
be c
reat
ed to
solv
e pr
oble
ms c
ause
d or
rela
ted
to d
efec
ts w
ithin
TSV
s. An
gles
of T
SV a
xes l
ocat
ed in
seve
ral d
ies a
cros
s the
waf
er w
ere
mea
sure
d us
ing
the
TSO
M m
etho
d. P
relim
inar
y re
sults
indi
cate
that
the
TSVs
clo
ser t
o th
e ce
nter
of t
he w
afer
hav
e ne
ar n
orm
al a
xes.
Dev
iatio
n of
the
TSV
axis
from
nor
mal
incr
ease
s as t
he d
ie p
ositi
on re
ache
s tow
ards
the
edge
s. O
vera
ll be
havi
or o
f the
TSV
ang
les a
cros
s th
e w
afer
app
ears
to b
e ra
dial
from
the
cent
er o
f the
waf
er.
The
TSO
M-e
valu
ated
mea
sure
men
ts n
eed
to b
e co
nfirm
ed u
sing
refe
renc
e m
easu
rem
ents
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 32
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Bra
ndon
Ale
xand
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
144
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Bal
timor
e Co
unty
M
ajor
: M
ath
and
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
obt
ain
a Ph
D in
App
lied
Mat
hem
atic
s.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
and
Com
puta
tiona
l Mat
hem
atic
s Div
ision
, M
athe
mat
ical
Sof
twar
e Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch A
dvis
or:
How
ard
Cohl
Ti
tle o
f Tal
k:
R-se
para
tion
of L
apla
ce's
Equa
tion
in R
otat
iona
lly-In
varia
nt C
yclid
ic C
oord
inat
es
Abst
ract
: Th
ere
exist
17
conf
orm
ally
uni
que
coor
dina
te sy
stem
s whi
ch a
dmit
harm
onic
solu
tions
to th
e th
ree-
varia
ble
Lapl
ace
equa
tion
via
sepa
ratio
n of
var
iabl
es. O
f the
se, f
our a
re d
eter
min
ed b
y co
ordi
nate
surf
aces
giv
en b
y ro
tatio
nally
-in
varia
nt c
yclid
es: b
i-cyc
lide
coor
dina
tes,
flat
-rin
g cy
clid
e co
ordi
nate
s, fl
at-d
isk c
yclid
e co
ordi
nate
s, a
nd to
roid
al
coor
dina
tes.
With
the
exce
ptio
n of
toro
idal
coo
rdin
ates
, the
se sy
stem
s pro
duce
har
mon
ics g
iven
by
prod
ucts
of
simpl
y-pe
riodi
c La
mé
func
tions
or L
amé-
Wan
gerin
func
tions
and
com
plex
exp
onen
tials
, whe
re is
the
azim
utha
l coo
rdin
ate,
and
is
the
azim
utha
l qua
ntum
num
ber.
We
sepa
rate
Lap
lace
's eq
uatio
n fo
r thr
ee v
ersio
ns o
f bi-c
yclid
e co
ordi
nate
s: a
lgeb
raic
and
Jaco
bian
elli
ptic
form
s by
Mill
er (1
977)
and
a Ja
cobi
an e
llipt
ic fo
rm b
y M
oon
and
Spen
cer (
1961
). In
the
proc
ess,
we
re-d
eriv
e an
d co
rrec
t pas
t re
sults
, and
qua
ntify
the
conn
ectio
n be
twee
n th
ese
bi-c
yclid
e co
ordi
nate
s. W
e th
en p
rese
nt a
gen
eral
ized
form
for
bi-c
yclid
e, fl
at-r
ing
cycl
ide,
and
flat
-disk
cyc
lide
coor
dina
tes t
hat i
s abl
e to
sepa
rate
Lap
lace
's eq
uatio
n sim
ulta
neou
sly.
The
long
-term
goa
l of t
his p
roje
ct is
to p
rodu
ce e
xpan
sions
of a
fund
amen
tal s
olut
ion
for L
apla
ce's
equa
tion
in te
rms
of o
ur d
eriv
ed h
arm
onic
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
cott
And
erso
n G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H18
1 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
SU
NY
Bing
ham
ton
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Und
ergr
adua
te S
enio
r
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Fo
llow
ing
the
com
plet
ion
of m
y se
nior
yea
r of u
nder
grad
uate
stud
ies,
I will
con
tinue
my
educ
atio
n w
ith a
Mas
ter’s
Deg
ree
in M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
in p
ursu
it of
a c
aree
r in
Biom
edic
al re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Di
visio
n,
Poly
mer
s and
Com
plex
Flu
ids G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Ste
ven
Huds
on
Title
of T
alk:
M
icro
-Visc
omet
ry o
f Ref
eren
ce m
Ab P
rote
in S
olut
ion
Abst
ract
: An
tibod
y th
erap
y is
alre
ady
a siz
eabl
e m
edic
al fi
eld
and
is gr
owin
g ra
pidl
y, in
clud
ing
six o
f the
top-
ten-
selli
ng
biol
ogic
dru
gs o
f 201
21 . M
any
antib
odie
s are
cur
rent
ly u
nder
dev
elop
men
t, pr
omisi
ng p
ossib
le tr
eatm
ents
for
Alzh
eim
er's
dise
ase,
mul
tiple
scle
rosis
, and
diff
eren
t typ
es o
f can
cers
. Du
e to
lim
its c
once
rnin
g th
e vo
lum
e of
flu
id w
hich
can
be
inje
cted
intr
amus
cula
rly, h
igh
prot
ein
conc
entr
atio
ns m
ay b
e ne
cess
ary
for s
ome
drug
pr
oduc
ts.
The
need
for t
hese
hig
h-co
ncen
trat
ion
solu
tions
mak
es th
e vi
scos
ity o
f the
se so
lutio
ns a
n im
port
ant
para
met
er, h
avin
g an
impa
ct o
n th
e pu
rific
atio
n, fi
ll/fin
ish, a
nd sy
ringe
abili
ty o
f the
pro
tein
solu
tions
. A
mic
rolit
er c
apill
ary
visc
omet
er, d
evel
oped
at N
IST,
has
the
abili
ty to
mea
sure
the
visc
osity
of v
ery
smal
l sam
ples
of
flui
d (le
ss th
an 1
0 μL
). T
his p
artic
ular
stud
y us
es th
is vi
scom
eter
to d
eter
min
e ho
w th
e in
trin
sic v
iscos
ity a
nd
jam
min
g co
ncen
trat
ion
of p
rote
in so
lutio
ns c
hang
e w
hen
the
sam
ple
is he
at tr
eate
d to
indu
ce a
ggre
gatio
n. T
he
NIS
T pr
otei
n an
tibod
y, u
nder
dev
elop
men
t to
be a
refe
renc
e m
ater
ial,
is th
e pr
imar
y pr
otei
n so
lutio
n co
nsid
ered
in
this
stud
y.
The
se re
sults
will
be
used
to te
st th
eore
tical
mod
els o
f sol
utio
n m
ixtu
res.
Oth
er p
rote
in so
lutio
ns,
-chy
mot
ryps
inog
en, a
re a
lso te
sted
.
1 H
ugge
tt, B
. Pub
lic B
iote
ch 2
012
— th
e N
umbe
rs. N
atur
e Bi
otec
hnol
ogy,
697
-703
. Ret
rieve
d Ju
ly 1
4, 2
014
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 33
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: L
aura
And
re
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
141
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
t. M
ary’
s Col
lege
of M
aryl
and
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l in
Med
ical
Phy
sics o
r Eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, R
adia
tion
Phys
ics D
ivisi
on, D
osim
etry
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Rona
ld T
osh
Title
of T
alk:
La
ser I
nter
fero
met
ry fo
r Rad
iatio
n Do
simet
ry
Abst
ract
: Cu
rren
t prim
ary
stan
dard
s for
qua
ntify
ing
the
abso
rbed
dos
e in
duce
d by
radi
atio
n (e
nerg
y de
posit
ed p
er u
nit
mas
s) u
se th
erm
istor
pro
bes t
o m
easu
re su
b-m
illiK
elvi
n ch
ange
s in
tem
pera
ture
in a
sam
ple.
In m
edic
al p
hysic
s,
the
irrad
iate
d m
ater
ial i
s usu
ally
wat
er (c
onsid
ered
tiss
ue-e
quiv
alen
t for
med
ical
dos
imet
ry),
thus
the
prob
es
them
selv
es in
trod
uce
pert
urba
tions
and
ther
mal
gra
dien
ts w
hose
effe
cts o
n m
easu
rem
ents
mus
t be
quan
tifie
d an
d re
mov
ed. S
uch
effe
cts,
mor
eove
r, w
ould
mak
e th
erm
istor
pro
bes e
ntire
ly in
adeq
uate
for m
easu
ring
dose
di
strib
utio
ns w
ithin
wat
er. T
he c
apab
ility
to im
age
radi
atio
n do
se fi
elds
with
in m
atte
r wou
ld b
e of
imm
ense
be
nefit
in in
dust
rial a
nd m
edic
al a
pplic
atio
ns, t
hus w
e ar
e pu
rsui
ng a
n al
tern
ativ
e te
mpe
ratu
re p
robe
that
wou
ld
use
lase
r int
erfe
rom
etry
to re
cons
truc
t the
rmal
dist
ribut
ions
in ti
ssue
-equ
ival
ent m
ater
ials.
For
the
prop
osed
sy
stem
to b
e us
eful
for m
edic
al d
osim
etry
, it m
ust b
e ca
pabl
e of
mea
surin
g ve
ry sm
all c
hang
es in
the
inte
rfer
ence
pa
tter
n, c
orre
spon
ding
to m
inut
e ch
ange
s in
refr
activ
e in
dex
caus
ed b
y su
b-m
illiK
elvi
n ch
ange
s in
tem
pera
ture
. Ac
cord
ingl
y, w
e ha
ve a
ttem
pted
to u
se a
cyc
lic in
terf
erom
eter
to m
itiga
te e
ffect
s due
to v
ibra
tiona
l dist
urba
nces
th
at a
re c
omm
only
obs
erve
d w
ith th
e cla
ssic
al M
iche
lson
inte
rfer
omet
er. T
his a
llow
s for
a m
ore
stab
le, s
ensit
ive
setu
p th
at a
naly
tical
est
imat
es su
gges
t wou
ld p
erm
it de
tect
ion
of te
mpe
ratu
re c
hang
es o
n th
e or
der o
f m
icro
Kelv
in, t
hus m
akin
g it
suita
ble
for c
hara
cter
izing
dos
e pr
ofile
s of t
hera
py-le
vel i
onizi
ng ra
diat
ion
beam
s. Th
e sy
stem
is u
nder
goin
g te
sts w
ith g
lass
and
pol
ymet
hylm
etha
cryl
ate
(PM
MA)
subj
ecte
d to
infr
ared
hea
ting,
and
pl
ans a
re in
pla
ce to
test
the
syst
em in
a c
linic
al ra
diat
ion
beam
her
e at
NIS
T.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
oey
Ashl
ey
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
092
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: R
adfo
rd U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s, C
ompu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
ad sc
hool
in p
hysic
s
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ce
nter
for N
anos
cale
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy,
Ene
rgy
Rese
arch
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Paul
Han
ey
Title
of T
alk:
M
odel
ling
Grai
n Bo
unda
ries i
n Th
in F
ilm P
hoto
volta
ics
Abst
ract
: So
lar e
nerg
y is
clea
n, a
bund
ant,
and
free
, mak
ing
it a
very
pop
ular
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y so
urce
. Pho
tovo
ltaic
sola
r ce
lls a
re m
ade
from
sem
icon
duct
or m
ater
ials
with
an
inte
rnal
ele
ctro
stat
ic fi
eld.
Inci
dent
pho
tons
from
the
sun
exci
te e
lect
rons
in th
e m
ater
ial i
nto
mor
e en
erge
tic st
ates
, lea
ving
beh
ind
an e
mpt
y lo
wer
ene
rgy
stat
e or
a
“hol
e”. I
deal
ly, t
he e
xcite
d el
ectr
on is
then
ext
ract
ed a
s ele
ctric
al c
urre
nt. A
ltern
ativ
ely,
how
ever
, the
ele
ctro
n ca
n re
lax
into
the
initi
al e
quili
briu
m st
ate,
rele
asin
g th
e en
ergy
as h
eat o
r by
re-e
mitt
ing
a ph
oton
(ele
ctro
n-ho
le
pair
reco
mbi
natio
n). T
he m
ost c
omm
on m
ater
ial u
sed
in so
lar c
ells
curr
ently
is m
onoc
ryst
allin
e sil
icon
, a v
ery
simpl
e m
ater
ial c
onsis
ting
of a
con
tinuo
us c
ryst
allin
e la
ttic
e w
ith v
ery
few
def
ects
and
an
effic
ienc
y of
21%
. Thi
n fil
m p
olyc
ryst
allin
e ph
otov
olta
ics s
uch
as C
adm
ium
Tel
lurid
e (C
dTe)
are
via
ble
alte
rnat
ives
due
to th
eir
inex
pens
ive
fabr
icat
ion
proc
esse
s and
reas
onab
le e
ffici
enci
es (o
f 13%
). Cd
Te so
lar c
ells
are
mor
e co
mpl
ex th
an
thei
r mon
ocry
stal
line
silic
on c
ount
erpa
rts i
n th
at th
e ef
fect
s of t
heir
poly
crys
talli
ne st
ruct
ure
on o
vera
ll de
vice
pe
rfor
man
ce a
re n
ot a
s wel
l und
erst
ood.
In p
artic
ular
, pol
ycry
stal
line
stru
ctur
es co
ntai
n gr
ain
boun
darie
s, w
hich
ar
e ex
tend
ed d
efec
ts th
at se
para
te c
ryst
allit
es w
ith d
iffer
ent o
rient
atio
ns. T
hese
gra
in b
ound
arie
s, a
re k
now
n to
fa
cilit
ate
reco
mbi
natio
n of
ele
ctro
n-ho
le p
airs
resu
lting
in a
loss
in c
onve
rsio
n ef
ficie
ncy.
How
ever
, it h
as b
een
foun
d th
at g
rain
bou
ndar
ies a
lso p
rodu
ce a
spac
e ch
arge
regi
on w
hich
inhi
bits
car
rier r
ecom
bina
tion
by
sepa
ratin
g th
e el
ectr
ons a
nd h
oles
, and
exp
erim
ent f
inds
mor
e el
ectr
on-h
ole
pairs
are
col
lect
ed in
the
grai
n bo
unda
ry th
an in
the
bulk
. By
perf
orm
ing
mod
ellin
g sim
ulat
ions
on
expe
rimen
ts w
hich
mea
sure
the
frac
tion
of
elec
tron
-hol
e pa
irs th
at a
re c
olle
cted
as a
func
tion
of w
here
they
are
cre
ated
, we
wan
t to
dedu
ce th
e el
ectr
onic
pr
oper
ties o
f the
gra
in b
ound
ary
in o
rder
to m
ore
fully
und
erst
and
thei
r effe
ct o
n de
vice
effi
cien
cy.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 34
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
oelle
Bae
r G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
0 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Ham
ilton
Col
lege
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Co
nsid
erin
g Gr
ad S
choo
l in
Phys
ics o
r Eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Wan
gchu
n Ch
en, S
hann
on W
atso
n
Title
of T
alk:
Se
e Yo
u on
the
Flip
ped
Side
: The
Con
stru
ctio
n an
d O
ptim
izatio
n of
RF
Coils
Use
d to
Flip
3 He
Pol
ariza
tion
Ab
stra
ct:
3 He n
eutr
on sp
in fi
lters
(NSF
s) a
re c
urre
ntly
use
d at
the
NIS
T Ce
nter
for N
eutr
on R
esea
rch
(NCN
R) to
bot
h po
lariz
e th
e in
cide
nt n
eutr
on b
eam
and
ana
lyze
the
neut
rons
scat
tere
d of
f of a
sam
ple.
NSF
s can
pol
arize
larg
e be
am
area
s, a
llow
ing
for t
he in
tegr
atio
n of
a sp
in fl
ippe
r with
the
pola
rizin
g de
vice
. The
refo
re, i
t is i
mpo
rtan
t to
be a
ble
to in
vert
the
spin
stat
e of
the
3 He. F
or b
eam
line
use,
the
pola
rized
3 He c
ell i
s pla
ced
insid
e a
cylin
dric
al
mag
netic
ally
-uni
form
, mag
neto
stat
ic c
avity
or s
hiel
ded
sole
noid
, and
the
3 He n
ucle
i alig
n w
ith th
e st
atic
mag
netic
fie
ld p
rodu
ced
insid
e. A
radi
o-fr
eque
ncy
(RF)
coi
l, pl
aced
aro
und
the
cell
insid
e, p
rodu
ces a
fiel
d or
thog
onal
to
the
hold
ing
field
of t
he so
leno
id a
nd c
an fl
ip th
e po
lariz
atio
n w
ith n
eglig
ible
loss
usin
g th
e Ad
iaba
tic F
ast P
assa
ge
(AFP
) nuc
lear
mag
netic
reso
nanc
e (N
MR)
tech
niqu
e. T
his p
roje
ct w
as b
ased
upo
n th
e co
nstr
uctio
n an
d op
timiza
tion
of th
ese
RF c
oils.
It is
impo
rtan
t to
avoi
d m
ater
ial i
n th
e be
am w
hen
desig
ning
RF
coils
, so
a sp
ecia
lly
desig
ned
sin(
) RF
coil
is us
ed. E
ach
coil
was
test
ed w
ithin
the
vario
us so
leno
ids t
o op
timize
the
para
met
ers t
hat
wou
ld fl
ip th
e 3 He
with
the
mos
t effi
cien
cy. T
his e
ffici
ency
is m
easu
red
usin
g Fr
ee In
duct
ion
Deca
y (F
ID) N
MR
on a
sm
all p
ortio
n of
the
cell’
s pol
arize
d ga
s, re
pres
enta
tive
of th
e w
hole
, usin
g a
smal
l NM
R co
il. W
ith th
e in
crea
se in
be
amlin
e us
e, m
ore
RF c
oils
are
nece
ssar
y to
max
imize
the
num
ber o
f sim
ulta
neou
s exp
erim
ents
, and
to si
mpl
ify
the
sole
noid
use
by
pairi
ng e
ach
one
with
its o
wn
coil.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ndre
a Ba
jcsy
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
att
end
Grad
uate
Sch
ool f
or a
PhD
in C
ompu
ter S
cien
ce
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Sof
twar
e &
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Inf
orm
atio
n Sy
stem
s Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Mar
y Br
ady,
Ya-
Shia
n Li
-Bab
oud
Title
of T
alk:
Re
latin
g Q
uant
itativ
e M
easu
rem
ents
to H
uman
Ass
essm
ents
of V
otin
g Ba
llot M
ark
Type
s
Abst
ract
: Th
e pr
esen
ce o
f mar
gina
l mar
ks o
n vo
ting
ballo
ts is
a u
biqu
itous
pro
blem
in v
otin
g sy
stem
s and
is a
com
mon
so
urce
of d
isput
e du
ring
larg
e-sc
ale,
con
test
ed e
lect
ions
. Tod
ay, m
argi
nal m
arks
are
not
cle
arly
cou
ntab
le a
s a
vote
or a
s a n
on-v
ote
by O
ptic
al M
ark
Scan
ners
or B
allo
t Rea
ders
. The
re is
a la
ck o
f qua
ntita
tive
mea
sure
men
ts
that
wou
ld a
gree
with
hum
an a
sses
smen
ts o
f mar
gina
lity
and
be u
nbia
sed
in th
eir c
lass
ifica
tion
of m
ark
type
s.
We
aim
to e
stab
lish
quan
titat
ive
mea
sure
men
ts o
f mar
gina
l mar
ks in
ord
er to
pro
vide
an
auto
mat
ed a
nd
obje
ctiv
e cl
assif
icat
ion
of b
allo
t-mar
k ty
pes.
Util
izing
800
pub
licly
-ava
ilabl
e ba
llot i
mag
e sc
ans f
rom
the
2009
Hu
mbo
ldt,
Calif
orni
a el
ectio
n, o
ur c
ontr
ibut
ions
lie
in (a
) est
ablis
hing
a p
ipel
ine
for e
xtra
ctin
g a
set o
f uni
que
imag
e fe
atur
es th
at d
istin
guish
bet
wee
n vo
tes,
non
-vot
es, a
nd m
argi
nal m
ark
type
s (ch
eck-
mar
k, c
ross
, par
tially
-fil
led,
etc
.), (b
) bui
ldin
g a
web
-app
licat
ion
for c
olle
ctin
g se
man
tic la
bels,
and
(c) r
elat
ing
imag
e fe
atur
es w
ith
sem
antic
labe
ls by
util
izing
bot
h un
supe
rvise
d an
d su
perv
ised
mac
hine
-lear
ning
met
hods
. Th
e fe
atur
e-ex
trac
tion
pipe
line
cons
ists o
f the
follo
win
g st
eps:
(1) r
egist
ratio
n of
bal
lots
to a
com
mon
-coo
rdin
ate
syst
em, (
2) e
xtra
ctio
n of
indi
vidu
al m
ark
regi
ons,
and
(3) c
ompu
tatio
n of
mar
k-re
gion
feat
ures
. We
corr
elat
e ea
ch
mar
k to
a b
asel
ine
idea
l vot
e an
d no
n-vo
te g
ener
ated
from
exa
mpl
e m
arks
pre
sent
on
each
bal
lot.
The
corr
elat
ion
to th
e ba
selin
e m
arks
sepa
rate
s mar
gina
l mar
ks fr
om v
ote
and
non-
vote
mar
ks a
t a v
ery
high
leve
l. Fu
rthe
rmor
e,
the
resu
lting
cor
rela
tions
are
use
d as
a fi
lter f
or se
lect
ing
mar
ks to
be
pres
ente
d to
hum
an a
sses
sors
via
a
deve
lope
d w
eb-a
pplic
atio
n to
col
lect
mar
gina
l-mar
k ty
pes (
6 se
man
tic la
bels)
. N
ext,
we
use
the
gath
ered
sem
antic
labe
ls an
d th
e co
rres
pond
ing
imag
e fe
atur
es a
s our
trai
ning
dat
a fo
r the
fo
llow
ing
supe
rvise
d cl
assif
icat
ion
mod
els:
dec
ision
-tre
e m
odel
and
pro
babi
listic
line
ar m
odel
. We
repo
rt
clas
sific
atio
n ac
cura
cy fo
r mul
tiple
mod
els a
nd su
mm
arize
the
bene
fits a
nd d
raw
back
s of m
ark
anal
ysis
at a
larg
er
scal
e.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 35
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
ollin
Bak
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
176
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of t
he D
istric
t of C
olum
bia
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
ndec
ided
. Fo
cus o
n na
nosc
ienc
e.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ce
nter
for N
anos
cale
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy,
Nan
oFab
Ope
ratio
ns G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. L
ei C
hen
Title
of T
alk:
Ad
vanc
ed P
lasm
a Et
chin
g fo
r Hig
h-As
pect
-Rat
io N
anom
eter
Sili
con
(Si)
Tren
ches
Abst
ract
: De
ep S
i etc
hing
(DSE
) is a
criti
cal p
roce
ss st
ep in
nan
o-fa
bric
atio
n. A
ltern
atin
g sil
icon
(Si)
surf
ace
coat
ing
and
etch
ing
(Bos
ch) p
roce
ss h
as b
een
deve
lope
d to
mak
e hi
gh-a
spec
t-ra
tio S
i tre
nche
s. H
owev
er, t
he si
dew
all o
f a
fabr
icat
ed tr
ench
usin
g th
e Bo
sch
proc
ess h
as sc
allo
ping
roug
hnes
s in
the
rang
e of
hu
ndre
d na
nom
eter
s whi
ch
bloc
ks it
s app
licat
ion
in m
akin
g na
nom
eter
scal
e Si
tren
ches
. To
redu
ce tr
ench
size
and
ext
end
aspe
ct-r
atio
s is a
cha
lleng
e to
the
Bosc
h pr
oces
s bec
ause
it re
quire
s the
pa
ram
eter
s to
be o
ptim
ized
in o
ppos
ite d
irect
ions
. In
this
stud
y, n
ew fa
st g
as sw
itch
and
pulse
d pl
asm
a po
wer
su
pply
will
be
used
to im
prov
e th
e ov
eral
l Bos
ch e
tchi
ng p
erfo
rman
ce in
mak
ing
smal
l, bu
t hig
h-as
pect
-rat
io S
i st
ruct
ures
. Ba
sed
on o
ur p
revi
ous s
idew
all s
moo
thne
ss c
ontr
ol st
udy,
Arg
on (A
r) g
as w
ill b
e in
trod
uced
in th
is st
udy
to
impr
ove
Si e
tchi
ng a
spec
t rat
io. T
wo
appr
oach
es fo
r add
ing
Ar w
ill b
e co
mpa
red.
One
is to
add
Ar g
as in
to th
e et
chin
g ga
ses d
irect
ly a
nd a
noth
er o
ne is
to a
dd A
r gas
as a
sepa
rate
etc
hing
step
. Thr
ee m
ajor
par
amet
ers w
ill b
e op
timize
d ac
cord
ing
to a
Des
ign
of E
xper
imen
t set
up u
sing
the
prog
ram
Min
itab.
Ana
lysis
of t
he re
sults
will
be
perf
orm
ed b
y sc
anni
ng e
lect
ron
mic
rosc
opy
and
will
focu
s on
the
Si a
spec
t rat
io, t
he e
tchi
ng ra
te, a
nd th
e se
lect
ivity
(etc
h ra
te o
f pho
tore
sist v
ersu
s the
etc
h ra
te o
f Si).
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: N
atha
niel
E. B
arrio
s Fue
ntes
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H16
1 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Int
eram
eric
an U
nive
rsity
of P
uert
o Ri
co,
Baya
món
Cam
pus
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eer
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
this
Fall:
Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): As
par
t of m
y fu
ture
pla
ns a
re to
att
end
to G
rad
Scho
ol a
t the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pue
rto
Rico
Sc
hool
of E
ngin
eerin
g. A
s a c
aree
r obt
ain
a Fe
dera
l pos
ition
as a
n en
gine
er o
r res
earc
her.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
; Ene
rgy
and
Envi
ronm
enta
l Div
ision
; He
atin
g Ve
ntila
ting
Air C
ondi
tioni
ng a
nd R
efrig
erat
ion
Equi
pmen
t Per
form
ance
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. V
ance
Pay
ne (W
m.)
Title
of T
alk:
U
tilizi
ng A
NSI
/ASH
RAE
Stan
dard
37
for V
olum
etric
Airf
low
Unc
erta
inty
Abst
ract
: As
par
t of p
rom
otin
g U
.S. i
nnov
atio
n an
d in
dust
rial c
ompe
titiv
enes
s, th
e HV
AC&
R Eq
uipm
ent P
erfo
rman
ce G
roup
ha
s a p
roje
ct in
whi
ch a
n ad
vanc
e in
mea
sure
men
t sci
ence
is m
ade
for t
he im
prov
emen
t on
life
qual
ity. T
his i
s the
Fa
ult D
etec
tion
and
Diag
nost
ic (F
DD) f
or A
ir-Co
nditi
onin
g an
d He
at P
umps
pro
ject
. A p
roje
ct th
at c
onsis
ts o
f de
velo
ping
effe
ctiv
e FD
D al
gorit
hms b
y st
atin
g a
stan
dard
ized
proc
edur
e fo
r the
cla
ssifi
catio
n on
diff
eren
t co
mm
erci
al F
DD p
rodu
cts b
ased
on
thei
r cap
aciti
es, s
o as
to a
void
the
perf
orm
ance
deg
rada
tions
and
incr
ease
d en
ergy
con
sum
ptio
ns o
f the
syst
em. T
his t
alk
will
show
a p
art o
f the
FDD
pro
ject
, a H
eat P
ump
Mod
ified
Airf
low
M
easu
rem
ent A
ppar
atus
cons
truc
ted
with
the
spec
ifica
tions
of A
NSI
/ASH
RAE
Stan
dard
37-
2009
. As
stat
ed o
n th
e st
anda
rd, t
he m
etho
d is
an o
ptio
n fo
r obt
aini
ng a
irflo
w ra
te. T
he e
nerg
y ba
lanc
e of
the
syst
em,
with
the
ther
mod
ynam
ic p
rope
rtie
s of t
his a
ir th
at is
pas
sing
right
thro
ugh
this
appa
ratu
s, w
ill g
ive
the
volu
met
ric
airf
low
. The
com
miss
ioni
ng p
roce
ss o
f the
app
arat
us a
nd th
e La
bVIE
W v
irtua
l ins
trum
ent (
VI) u
sed
for a
cqui
ring
data
will
be
show
n. A
VI m
onito
rs th
e te
mpe
ratu
re se
nsor
s (th
erm
ocou
ples
), ca
lcul
ates
and
plo
ts th
e te
mpe
ratu
re
chan
ges o
n th
e sy
stem
, and
pro
duce
s dat
a th
at a
re a
lso u
sed
for t
he a
cqui
sitio
n of
vol
umet
ric a
irflo
w. T
his a
irflo
w
is al
so p
lott
ed, a
naly
zed,
and
use
d fo
r the
acq
uisit
ion
of u
ncer
tain
ty o
n th
e eq
uipm
ent.
The
unce
rtai
nty
calc
ulat
ions
will
dem
onst
rate
the
valu
es to
use
as s
tand
ards
for d
evic
es th
at c
ompl
y w
ith th
is AN
SI/A
SHRA
E St
anda
rd.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 36
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
ollie
Bie
nsto
ck
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
155
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
tate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k at
Gen
eseo
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to a
tten
d gr
adua
te sc
hool
for a
PhD
in e
ither
Nuc
lear
or M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, R
adia
tion
Phys
ics D
ivisi
on, R
adio
activ
ity G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. R
yan
Fitz
gera
ld
Title
of T
alk:
Ca
libra
tion
of 22
Na
Usin
g th
e Su
m-P
eak
Coun
ting
Met
hod
Abst
ract
: A
calib
rate
d po
sitro
n em
itter
, 22N
a, is
nee
ded
for n
ucle
ar c
ross
sect
ion
mea
sure
men
ts. T
he c
alib
ratio
n of
this
sour
ce w
as p
erfo
rmed
usin
g a
self-
calib
ratin
g su
m-p
eak
coun
ting
met
hod
whi
ch h
as th
e po
tent
ial t
o re
plac
e ca
libra
ted
sour
ces f
or v
ario
us o
ther
app
licat
ions
. The
sum
-pea
k m
etho
d w
as u
sed
with
thre
e di
ffere
nt d
etec
tor
setu
ps: a
sing
le h
igh
purit
y ge
rman
ium
det
ecto
r, a
4”x5
” N
aI w
ell d
etec
tor a
nd th
e sa
me
NaI
wel
l det
ecto
r pai
red
-cou
ntin
g ge
omet
ry. T
he 22
Na
deca
ys v
ia p
ositr
on e
miss
ion
mos
tly to
an
exci
ted
stat
e of
22N
e w
hich
pro
mpt
ly d
e-ex
cite
s and
em
its a
127
5 ke
V ga
mm
a ra
y. T
he 5
11 k
eV g
amm
a ra
y pr
oduc
ed fr
om th
e po
sitro
n an
nihi
latio
n su
ms w
ith th
e 12
75 k
eV g
amm
a ge
nera
ting
a 17
86 k
eV p
eak
in th
e ob
serv
ed sp
ectr
a. T
he to
tal c
ount
s in
the
thre
e pe
aks a
s wel
l as t
he to
tal c
ount
s obs
erve
d in
the
spec
trum
are
us
ed to
cal
cula
te a
val
ue fo
r the
act
ivity
of t
he so
urce
. To
get a
bet
ter u
nder
stan
ding
of t
he so
urce
and
the
dete
ctor
geo
met
ries,
a sim
ulat
ion
of th
e se
tups
was
gen
erat
ed u
sing
EGSn
rc: s
oftw
are
that
use
s Mon
te C
arlo
sim
ulat
ions
to m
odel
radi
atio
n tr
ansp
ort.
Usin
g th
is pr
ogra
m, a
nd su
bseq
uent
Mon
te C
arlo
cal
cula
tions
, a m
odel
of
the
spec
tra
prod
uced
from
eac
h se
tup
was
cre
ated
and
use
d to
fit t
heor
y to
dat
a an
d ge
t a m
ore
accu
rate
nu
mbe
r for
the
activ
ity o
f the
sour
ce. T
he re
sults
obt
aine
d fr
om th
is ex
perim
ent a
re b
eing
com
pare
d to
dete
ctor
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: E
liann
a Bi
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Aug
sbur
g Co
llege
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s and
Che
mist
ry
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: 1st
yea
r gra
duat
e st
uden
t
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ph
D in
Med
ical
Phy
sics a
t Duk
e U
nive
rsity
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Bio
syst
ems a
nd B
iom
ater
ials
Divi
sion,
Cel
l Sys
tem
s Sc
ienc
e Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Mic
hael
Hal
ter
Title
of T
alk:
Au
tom
ated
Liv
e Ce
ll Im
agin
g of
Ste
m C
ells
Expr
essin
g Gr
een
Fluo
resc
ent P
rote
in
Abst
ract
: Fl
uore
scen
ce m
icro
scop
y is
a po
wer
ful t
ool f
or c
ell b
iolo
gy. U
sing
fluor
esce
nce
repo
rter
s (i.e
., GF
P), l
ive
cell
imag
ing
can
mon
itor d
ynam
ic p
atte
rns o
f gen
e ex
pres
sion
in c
ompl
ex a
nd e
volv
ing
cell
popu
latio
ns. W
e ha
ve
been
dev
elop
ing
imag
ing
prot
ocol
s tha
t can
be
appl
ied
to p
lurip
oten
t ste
m c
ell p
opul
atio
ns d
urin
g ex
pans
ion
or
self-
rene
wal
, and
dur
ing
diffe
rent
iatio
n. T
hese
impo
rtan
t cel
ls gr
ow a
s col
onie
s tha
t can
be
muc
h la
rger
than
a
mic
rosc
opic
fiel
d of
vie
w.
Thus
, we
have
use
d co
mpu
ter c
ontr
ol p
rogr
ams t
o op
timize
the
imag
e co
llect
ion
in
orde
r to
imag
e as
man
y co
loni
es a
s pos
sible
dur
ing
a tim
e la
pse
acqu
isitio
n w
hile
non
-per
turb
ing
grow
th
cond
ition
s for
the
cells
are
mai
ntai
ned.
Ano
ther
impo
rtan
t asp
ect o
f qua
ntita
tive
imag
ing
is as
surin
g th
at d
ata
is co
mpa
rabl
e be
twee
n di
ffere
nt e
xper
imen
ts.
We
have
also
furt
her e
nhan
ced
exist
ing
proc
edur
es fo
r ass
essin
g th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f a fl
uore
scen
ce m
icro
scop
e. T
aken
toge
ther
, thi
s wor
k ha
s ena
bled
the
colle
ctio
n of
larg
e am
ount
s of
qua
ntita
tive
imag
e da
ta th
at c
an b
e us
ed to
der
ive
a qu
antit
ativ
e de
scrip
tion
of st
em c
ell p
lurip
oten
cy.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 37
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: L
ourd
es B
obbi
o G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H08
0 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mas
sach
uset
ts In
stitu
te o
f Tec
hnol
ogy
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
in M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls M
easu
rem
ent S
cien
ce D
ivisi
on,
Surf
ace
and
Trac
e Ch
emic
al A
naly
sis G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: M
atth
ew S
taym
ates
Title
of T
alk:
M
etro
logy
and
Opt
imiza
tion
of A
dditi
ve M
anuf
actu
ring
and
3D P
rintin
g
Abst
ract
: Ad
ditiv
e m
anuf
actu
ring
(AM
) ref
ers t
o an
incr
easin
gly
popu
lar a
ppro
ach
to m
anuf
actu
re p
rodu
cts l
ayer
by
laye
r fro
m
the
grou
nd u
p. T
his r
esea
rch
proj
ect i
s the
firs
t ste
p to
hel
p id
entif
y an
d ad
dres
s the
lim
itatio
ns o
f the
curr
ent
gene
ratio
n of
tech
nolo
gy, a
s wel
l as d
evel
op m
easu
rem
ents
tool
s and
tech
niqu
es to
char
acte
rize
and
optim
ize th
ese
addi
tive
man
ufac
turin
g in
stru
men
ts. T
he g
oal o
f thi
s pro
ject
was
to id
entif
y th
e op
timize
d op
erat
iona
l cha
ract
erist
ics
and
mat
eria
l lim
itatio
ns o
f sev
eral
fuse
d-de
posit
ion-
mod
elin
g (F
DM) t
ype
3D p
rinte
rs u
sing
diffe
rent
fila
men
t m
ater
ials.
In
this
rese
arch
pro
ject
, we
used
thre
e co
mm
ercia
lly a
vaila
ble
FDM
3D
prin
ters
and
five
diff
eren
t prin
ting
mat
eria
ls.
Each
of t
hese
prin
ter-
mat
eria
l com
bina
tions
wer
e te
sted
und
er d
iffer
ent p
rintin
g co
nstr
aint
s, su
ch a
s ext
rude
r te
mpe
ratu
re (1
80-2
40°C
), ex
trud
er sp
eed
(10-
110
mm
/s) a
nd p
rinte
d la
yer t
hick
ness
(0.2
-0.4
mm
). In
ord
er to
st
anda
rdize
the
proc
ess a
nd p
erfo
rm in
ter-c
ompa
rison
stud
ies,
a be
nchm
ark
mod
el w
as cr
eate
d th
at w
ould
iden
tify
diffe
rent
feat
ures
use
d to
det
erm
ine
the
qual
ity o
f the
fini
shed
prin
t job
in te
rms o
f pro
cess
capa
bilit
ies a
nd p
rinte
r ac
cura
cy. W
e m
easu
red
and
com
pare
d ho
w ch
angi
ng e
ach
para
met
er a
ffect
ed th
e fin
al p
art w
ith th
e go
al o
f st
anda
rdizi
ng th
e pa
ram
eter
s for
eac
h pr
inte
r-m
ater
ial c
ombi
natio
n.
This
talk
will
pro
vide
a b
rief o
verv
iew
of t
he d
iver
se te
chno
logi
es u
sed
in 3
D pr
intin
g, a
nd th
en g
o in
to d
etai
l abo
ut
the
desig
n of
the
benc
hmar
k m
odel
, the
var
ious
3D
prin
ter m
achi
nes u
sed
in th
is st
udy,
the
mea
sure
men
t too
ls an
d te
chni
ques
use
d to
char
acte
rize
the
3D p
rinte
d pa
rts.
We
hope
that
by
the
conc
lusio
n of
this
sum
mer
pro
ject
, our
fin
ding
s will
pro
vide
val
uabl
e re
fere
nce
data
for t
he in
crea
singl
y gr
owin
g ad
ditiv
e m
anuf
actu
ring
and
3D p
rintin
g co
mm
unity
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: Z
ineb
Bou
izy
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
116
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: G
rove
Sch
ool o
f Eng
inee
ring
of C
ity C
olle
ge
of N
Y
Maj
or:
Civi
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
anni
ng to
go
to g
radu
ate
scho
ol fo
r ear
thqu
ake
resis
tanc
e an
d vi
brat
ion
as w
ell a
s, g
et a
jo
b in
brid
ges/
high
way
s con
stru
ctio
n.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
: M
ater
ials
and
Stru
ctur
al S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on;
Stru
ctur
es G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Da
t Dut
hinh
Title
of T
alk:
De
signi
ng B
uild
ings
for W
ind
Load
Abst
ract
: In
the
US,
the
desig
n of
bui
ldin
gs fo
r win
d is
base
d on
win
d pr
essu
re c
oeffi
cien
ts li
sted
in A
SCE
7 “M
inim
um
Desig
n Lo
ads f
or B
uild
ings
and
oth
er S
truc
ture
s” p
ublis
hed
by th
e Am
eric
an S
ocie
ty o
f Civ
il En
gine
ers (
ASCE
).
Thes
e co
effic
ient
s are
mul
tiplie
d by
the
squa
re o
f the
win
d ve
loci
ty (o
btai
ned
from
win
d m
aps)
and
oth
er fa
ctor
s ha
ving
to d
o w
ith te
rrai
n, w
ind
dire
ctio
n, e
tc. ,
to a
rriv
e at
the
desig
n w
ind
pres
sure
s for
roof
s and
wal
ls. T
hese
pr
essu
res a
re u
sed
in tw
o di
ffere
nt w
ays:
1) t
o de
sign
the
Mai
n W
ind
Forc
e Re
sistin
g Sy
stem
, i.e
., th
e bu
ildin
g fr
ame;
and
2) t
o de
sign
the
build
ing
clad
ding
(env
elop
e) a
nd it
s com
pone
nts (
C&C)
. For
C&
C, th
e sp
atia
l sca
le o
f th
e pr
essu
re c
oeffi
cien
ts m
ust b
e ta
ken
into
acc
ount
bec
ause
the
cohe
renc
e in
tim
e be
twee
n pe
ak p
ress
ures
in
crea
ses a
s the
leng
th sc
ale
decr
ease
s (w
ind
is a
rand
omly
fluc
tuat
ing
phen
omen
on in
tim
e an
d sp
ace)
. Th
is pr
ojec
t aim
s at u
pdat
ing
the
pres
sure
coe
ffici
ents
for C
&C.
The
cur
rent
coe
ffici
ents
are
bas
ed o
n a
limite
d nu
mbe
r of m
odel
test
s per
form
ed in
win
d tu
nnel
s thi
rty
year
s ago
. Si
nce
then
, mor
e da
ta h
ave
beco
me
avai
labl
e,
som
e of
whi
ch h
ave
been
col
lect
ed in
a N
IST
data
base
. M
ore
impo
rtan
tly, p
rogr
ess i
n el
ectr
onic
reco
rdin
g ha
s al
low
ed m
any
mor
e pr
essu
re se
nsor
s to
be re
cord
ed si
mul
tane
ously
. Pr
essu
re is
ass
umed
to b
e un
iform
ove
r the
trib
utar
y ar
ea o
f the
sens
or, a
nd a
s the
are
a of
the
clad
ding
incr
ease
s, m
ore
sens
ors b
ecom
e re
leva
nt.
How
ever
, the
pre
ssur
es th
ey re
cord
also
lose
coh
eren
ce, w
ith th
e re
sulti
ng e
ffect
th
at a
rea-
aver
aged
pea
k pr
essu
res d
ecre
ase
as th
e ar
ea o
f the
cla
ddin
g in
crea
ses.
Thi
s is i
ndee
d w
hat w
as
obse
rved
for o
ne b
uild
ing
anal
yzed
this
sum
mer
. M
oreo
ver,
for t
his o
ne b
uild
ing,
win
d pr
essu
re c
oeffi
cien
ts a
re
signi
fican
tly h
ighe
r tha
n cu
rren
tly sp
ecifi
ed. I
f the
se re
sults
hol
d fo
r oth
er b
uild
ings
, pre
ssur
e co
effic
ient
s will
ne
ed to
be
revi
sed
upw
ard
signi
fican
tly, r
esul
ting
in h
ighe
r des
ign
win
d lo
ads.
It
shou
ld b
e no
ted
that
the
obse
rved
pea
k co
effic
ient
dep
ends
on
the
dura
tion
of th
e w
ind
tunn
el te
st.
For
cons
isten
cy, s
tatis
tical
tech
niqu
es fo
r non
-Gau
ssia
n tim
e se
ries w
ere
used
to o
btai
n th
e ex
pect
ed p
eak
for a
win
d st
orm
of o
ne h
our a
t ful
l sca
le.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 38
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
igne
Bra
afla
dt
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
174
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
aint
Ola
f Col
lege
M
ajor
: Ch
emist
ry
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Cu
rren
t pla
ns in
clud
e ex
plor
ing
a ca
reer
in M
edic
ine.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Bio
syst
ems a
nd B
iom
ater
ials
Divi
sion,
Ce
ll Sy
stem
s Sci
ence
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dona
ld A
tha
and
Vyta
s Rei
pa
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e Co
met
Ass
ay: M
etho
ds fo
r Qua
ntita
tive
Imag
e An
alys
is an
d Re
prod
ucib
ility
Abst
ract
: Th
e Co
met
Ass
ay, o
r Sin
gle
Cell
Gel E
lect
roph
ores
is, is
a se
nsiti
ve a
nd e
ffici
ent t
echn
ique
for a
naly
zing
and
quan
tifyi
ng, i
n sin
gle
cells
, DN
A da
mag
e in
the
form
of s
ingl
e an
d do
uble
stra
nd b
reak
s. D
NA
inst
abili
ty, f
rom
st
rand
bre
aks,
is as
soci
ated
with
can
cer a
nd o
ther
hea
lth ri
sks.
The
Com
et A
ssay
’s in
crea
sed
use
in a
wid
e va
riety
of
app
licat
ions
em
phas
izes t
he im
port
ance
of e
stab
lishi
ng st
anda
rd a
ssay
pro
toco
ls an
d un
ders
tand
ing
inhe
rent
so
urce
s of e
rror
and
mea
sure
men
t var
iabi
lity.
The
se so
urce
s of v
aria
bilit
y in
clud
e th
e bi
ovar
iabi
lity
of th
e pa
rtic
ular
cel
ls un
derg
oing
ana
lysis
, the
ass
ay p
roto
col u
sed
to p
roce
ss th
e ce
lls, t
he m
icro
scop
e sy
stem
use
d to
im
age
the
cells
and
the
softw
are
used
in th
e co
mpu
teriz
ed a
naly
sis o
f the
se im
ages
. To
dete
rmin
e th
e ef
fect
of
thes
e so
urce
s of v
aria
bilit
y on
the
mea
sure
d pe
rcen
tage
of d
amag
ed D
NA
(% D
NA in
tail)
, fix
ed p
repa
ratio
ns o
f m
amm
alia
n ce
lls w
ith c
hem
ical
ly a
nd e
lect
roch
emic
ally
indu
ced
DNA
dam
age
wer
e an
alyz
ed fo
r the
effe
ct o
f va
ryin
g th
e m
icro
scop
e (A
utom
ated
Oly
mpu
s BH-
2) a
nd c
amer
a (P
hoto
met
rics C
oolS
NAP
HQ
2) se
ttin
gs a
s wel
l as
imag
e an
alys
is pa
ram
eter
s usin
g Im
age
J (N
IH) a
nd C
omet
Scor
e Pr
o (T
riTek
) sof
twar
e. M
anua
l im
age
anal
ysis
reve
aled
larg
e m
easu
rem
ent v
aria
tions
due
to m
icro
scop
e fo
cus,
cam
era
expo
sure
tim
e an
d th
e so
ftwar
e im
age
inte
nsity
thre
shol
d. A
utom
ated
imag
e an
alys
is re
veal
ed le
ss v
aria
bilit
y, b
ut w
ithin
nar
row
er li
mits
of f
ocus
and
ex
posu
re se
ttin
gs.
The
varia
tions
obs
erve
d us
ing
both
of t
hese
met
hods
wer
e hi
ghly
dep
ende
nt o
n th
e ex
tent
of
DNA
dam
age.
Acc
ount
ing
for t
hese
sour
ces o
f var
iabi
lity
with
det
erm
ined
opt
imal
inst
rum
ent s
ettin
gs a
llow
ed a
n ac
cura
te e
valu
atio
n of
the
biol
ogic
al v
aria
bilit
y of
the
cells
. Th
e au
tom
ated
mic
rosc
opy
syst
em is
cur
rent
ly b
eing
us
ed to
det
erm
ine
repr
oduc
ibili
ty o
f the
com
et a
ssay
pro
toco
l use
d to
pro
cess
the
cells
. Th
is w
ill a
lso b
e cr
itica
l in
obta
inin
g th
e re
quire
d st
atist
ical
eva
luat
ion
of v
ario
us c
ell t
reat
men
ts, i
nclu
ding
the
effe
cts o
f cel
l tre
atm
ent a
t fix
ed o
xida
tive
pote
ntia
l in
the
elec
troc
hem
ical
env
ironm
ent.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ndre
w B
riggs
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H11
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Bat
es C
olle
ge
Maj
or:
Phys
ics,
Mat
hem
atic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): At
tend
gra
duat
e sc
hool
in a
pplie
d ph
ysic
s or e
lect
rical
eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
emic
ondu
ctor
and
Dim
ensio
nal M
etro
logy
Div
ision
, N
anoe
lect
roni
cs
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Ange
la H
ight
Wal
ker
Title
of T
alk:
Ra
man
and
Infr
ared
stud
ies o
f few
laye
red
TaSe
2
Abst
ract
: Si
nce
the
disc
over
y of
gra
phen
e in
200
4, tw
o-di
men
siona
l mat
eria
ls ha
ve b
een
an im
port
ant t
opic
in p
hysic
s. M
ore
rece
ntly
diff
eren
t lay
ered
mat
eria
ls ar
e be
ing
inve
stig
ated
for t
heir
sem
icon
duct
ive
and
supe
rcon
duct
ive
prop
ertie
s. O
f par
ticul
ar in
tere
st is
the
com
poun
d 2H
-TaS
e 2, o
n w
hich
this
pres
enta
tion
will
focu
s. B
oth
sam
ple
prod
uctio
n an
d sp
ectr
al a
naly
sis w
ill b
e hi
ghlig
hted
. To
obta
in a
few
, ato
mic
ally
-thin
k la
yers
of T
aSe 2
, bul
k cr
ysta
ls ar
e ex
folia
ted
with
a st
amp
of p
olyd
imet
hylsi
loxa
ne, a
met
hod
simila
r to
the
“dou
ble
stic
ky ta
pe”
met
hod
used
to
disc
over
gra
phen
e. C
hoos
ing
a su
bstr
ate
to su
ppor
t the
se la
yers
is im
port
ant a
s wel
l, as
it m
ust b
e bo
th e
asy
to
prod
uce
and
prov
ide
a hi
gh o
ptic
al c
ontr
ast.
Onc
e pr
oduc
ed, t
he sa
mpl
es a
re a
naly
zed
usin
g tw
o m
etho
ds o
f vi
brat
iona
l spe
ctro
scop
y. T
he fi
rst,
Ram
an sp
ectr
osco
py, i
s use
ful f
or ra
pid,
relia
ble,
and
[som
etim
es] n
on-
dam
agin
g id
entif
icat
ion
of th
e la
yer n
umbe
r of 2
H-Ta
Se2.
Ram
an sp
ectr
osco
py d
epen
ds o
n th
e sc
atte
ring
of la
ser
light
off
of a
sam
ple
due
to v
ibra
tions
bet
wee
n at
oms.
The
seco
nd fo
rm o
f spe
ctro
scop
y is
calle
d Fo
urie
r tra
nsfo
rm
infr
ared
spec
tros
copy
(FTI
R). A
t the
hea
rt o
f the
FTI
R is
a M
iche
lson
inte
rfer
omet
er w
hich
allo
ws m
any
wav
elen
gths
of l
ight
to in
tera
ct w
ith th
e sa
mpl
e in
a si
ngle
scan
. Eve
n co
llect
ing
the
FTIR
of b
ulk
2H-T
aSe 2
pro
vide
s ne
w d
ata,
alth
ough
our
pla
ns in
clud
e pr
obin
g fe
w la
yers
as w
ell.
This
rese
arch
will
shed
ligh
t on
the
inte
rest
ing
optic
al p
rope
rtie
s and
phe
nom
enon
of a
tom
ical
ly th
in 2
H-Ta
Se2.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 39
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
hase
Aus
tyn
Brisb
ois
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
121
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
UN
Y Al
bany
M
ajor
: N
anos
cale
Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Bach
elor
of S
cien
ce
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): N
IH p
ost-
bacc
alau
reat
e in
tern
ship
, gra
duat
e sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
emic
ondu
ctor
& D
imen
siona
l Met
rolo
gy D
ivisi
on,
CMO
S Re
liabi
lity
and
Adva
nce
Devi
ces G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Jo
seph
Kop
ansk
i
Title
of T
alk:
Pr
obe-
Assis
ted
Dete
rmin
istic
Dop
ing
Abst
ract
: De
term
inist
ic d
opin
g te
chni
ques
use
low
thr
ough
-put
and
exp
ensiv
e eq
uipm
ent
to d
eliv
er a
pre
cise
num
ber
of
dopa
nts t
o na
nosc
ale
regi
ons o
n a
sem
icon
duct
or. W
e se
ek to
intr
oduc
e a
clus
ter o
f dop
ant a
tom
s int
o th
e su
rfac
e of
a s
ilico
n su
bstr
ate
by s
ubje
ctin
g a
dopa
nt-c
onta
inin
g th
in fi
lm to
var
ious
stim
uli u
sing
an o
rdin
ary
atom
ic fo
rce
mic
rosc
ope
(AFM
) mou
nted
with
a d
iam
ond-
coat
ed ti
p. B
y us
ing
nano
inde
ntat
ion
soft
war
e al
ong
with
a D
C (d
irect
cu
rren
t) p
ulse
, w
e ca
n ap
ply
larg
e am
ount
s of
pre
ssur
e an
d he
at t
o na
nosc
ale
regi
ons
at t
he d
opan
t-sili
con
inte
rfac
e. T
he D
C pu
lse is
trig
gere
d w
hen
the
prob
e re
ache
s m
axim
um p
enet
ratio
n de
pth.
Cur
rent
ly, t
hree
“p-
type
,” d
opan
t-con
tain
ing
thin
film
s are
bei
ng in
vest
igat
ed o
n lig
htly
dop
ed, n
-type
silic
on: a
lum
inum
, pol
ymer
of 4
-vi
nylp
heny
lbor
onic
aci
d an
d a
self-
asse
mbl
ed m
onol
ayer
of
ally
lbor
onic
aci
d pi
naco
l es
ter.
The
se l
ayer
s ar
e ch
arac
teriz
ed w
ith A
FM, F
TIR
or X
PS a
nd u
sed
in a
pro
be-a
ssist
ed d
opin
g pr
oces
s to
intr
oduc
e th
e do
pant
s. T
he
dopa
nt f
ilm i
s th
en s
trip
ped
off
and
the
sam
ples
are
pro
bed
for
coun
ter-
dope
d re
gion
s by
map
ping
sur
face
po
tent
ial a
nd c
ondu
ctiv
ity u
sing
KFM
and
TU
NA.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: N
atha
n Br
ocke
tt
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
160
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: T
he P
enns
ylva
nia
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ae
rosp
ace
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Int
ellig
ent S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on,
Prod
uctio
n Sy
stem
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
John
Slo
twin
ski
Title
of T
alk:
Lo
okin
g In
side
the
Proc
ess o
f Add
itive
Man
ufac
turin
g w
ith U
ltras
onic
s
Abst
ract
: Th
e Ad
ditiv
e M
anuf
actu
ring
(AM
) com
mun
ity is
inte
rest
ed in
the
deta
ils o
f wha
t hap
pens
dur
ing
the
an A
M b
uild
pr
oces
s, bu
t cur
rent
ly th
ere
are
very
few
exa
mpl
es o
f thi
s kin
d of
in-s
itu p
roce
ss m
onito
ring.
Hav
ing
this
kind
of
capa
bilit
y w
ould
allo
w fo
r pro
cess
opt
imiza
tion
as w
ell a
s rea
l-tim
e pr
oces
s mon
itorin
g an
d co
ntro
l, le
adin
g to
hi
gher
qua
lity
part
s. P
revi
ous w
ork
by N
IST
rese
arch
ers h
as c
orre
late
d ul
tras
onic
long
itudi
nal w
ave
spee
d ch
ange
s w
ith c
hang
es in
the
poro
sity
of th
e bu
ild p
art.
This
proj
ect w
orks
to m
easu
re th
e ul
tras
onic
long
itudi
nal w
ave
spee
d ch
ange
s dur
ing
the
build
pro
cess
by
mea
ns o
f a c
onta
ct tr
ansd
ucer
em
bedd
ed in
to th
e bu
ild p
late
. Dur
ing
a bu
ild, a
refe
renc
e pa
rt is
mad
e ab
ove
the
tran
sduc
er to
allo
w fo
r bet
ter r
eadi
ngs o
f the
tim
e-of
-flig
ht b
etw
een
echo
es. C
hang
es in
the
poro
sity
of th
e re
fere
nce
part
may
indi
cate
cha
nges
in th
e in
tern
al st
ruct
ure
of th
e pa
rt
and
prov
ide
one
way
of e
xam
inin
g th
e st
abili
ty o
f the
bui
ld p
roce
ss. T
his p
roje
ct sp
ecifi
cally
dev
elop
ed th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e sy
stem
incl
udin
g th
e co
llect
ion
and
anal
ysis
of th
e w
avef
orm
dat
a to
find
the
time-
of-fl
ight
of
the
ultr
ason
ic lo
ngitu
dina
l wav
e. F
or th
e co
llect
ion,
a c
usto
mize
d Py
thon
pro
gram
con
nect
s the
com
pute
r to
the
osci
llosc
ope,
whi
ch is
con
nect
ed to
the
tran
sduc
er. F
or th
e da
ta a
naly
sis, C
oifle
t wav
elet
de-
noisi
ng a
long
with
cr
oss c
orre
latin
g th
e sig
nal t
o on
e of
the
echo
es fi
nds t
he ti
me-
of-fl
ight
for t
he u
ltras
onic
long
itudi
nal w
ave
betw
een
the
echo
es. O
ne p
robl
em e
ncou
nter
ed w
as th
e ef
fect
s of t
he te
mpe
ratu
re o
f the
bui
ld c
ham
ber o
n th
e ul
tras
onic
cou
plan
t. Ex
perim
enta
tion
show
ed th
at th
e he
at h
arde
ned
the
coup
lant
, whi
ch d
egra
ded
the
ultr
ason
ic
signa
l, th
eref
ore
a he
avie
r visc
osity
cou
plan
t was
use
d an
d pl
iabl
e ru
bber
feet
wer
e ad
ded
to p
rovi
de p
ositi
ve
pres
sure
beh
ind
the
cont
act t
rans
duce
r. Th
is pr
ojec
t’s su
cces
s will
be
an e
arly
way
to, i
n re
al ti
me,
mon
itor t
he
build
pro
cess
for a
n AM
bui
ld.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 40
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ndre
w B
ujar
ski
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
154
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
t. Jo
hn’s
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
and
Bus
ines
s Ad
min
stra
tion
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, App
lied
Econ
omic
s Offi
ce
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Doug
las T
hom
as
Title
of T
alk:
Co
mpa
ring
Diffe
rent
App
roac
hes f
or M
easu
ring
Envi
ronm
enta
l Per
form
ance
in th
e M
anuf
actu
ring
Indu
stry
Ab
stra
ct:
To im
prov
e in
dust
rial p
roce
sses
to b
ecom
e m
ore
sust
aina
ble,
seve
ral a
ppro
ache
s can
be
appl
ied
to id
entif
y an
d qu
antif
y th
e ef
fect
s of t
he in
tera
ctio
ns b
etw
een
indu
stry
and
the
envi
ronm
ent.
The
prim
ary
met
hod
for
mea
surin
g th
e po
tent
ial e
nviro
nmen
tal i
mpa
ct o
f pro
duct
s is l
ife c
ycle
ass
essm
ent (
LCA)
. Tra
ditio
nal p
roce
ss
base
d LC
A m
easu
res a
pro
duct
s env
ironm
enta
l im
pact
from
“cr
adle
-to-
gra
ve”
cove
ring
the
who
le li
fe sp
an o
f a
prod
uct f
rom
raw
mat
eria
l acq
uisit
ion
to d
ispos
al. L
CA c
an a
lso b
e m
anip
ulat
ed a
nd a
ltere
d in
to se
vera
l var
iant
s an
d st
ill a
chie
ve th
e ov
eral
l pur
pose
of i
dent
ifyin
g en
viro
nmen
tal p
erfo
rman
ce. E
cono
mic
inpu
t- o
utpu
t life
cyc
le
asse
ssm
ent (
EIO
-LCA
) is o
ne su
ch v
aria
nt w
here
tran
sact
ions
bet
wee
n in
dust
ries a
re c
onve
rted
usin
g en
viro
nmen
tally
ext
ende
d ta
bles
, in
this
case
tabl
es d
evel
oped
by
NIS
T pa
rtne
rs, i
nto
pote
ntia
l env
ironm
enta
l im
pact
s. A
noth
er v
aria
nt o
f LCA
wor
th a
naly
zing
is an
eco
logi
cal l
ife c
ycle
ass
essm
ent (
ECO
-LCA
) and
the
ECO
-LCA
m
odel
use
d in
this
proj
ect w
as d
evel
oped
by
the
Cent
er fo
r Res
ilien
ce a
t Ohi
o St
ate
Uni
vers
ity. U
nlik
e EI
O-L
CA
whe
re in
dust
ry to
indu
stry
inte
ract
ions
are
mea
sure
d, E
CO- L
CA c
atal
ogs i
ndus
try’
s con
sum
ptio
n of
nat
ural
cap
ital
or g
oods
and
serv
ices
der
ived
from
the
envi
ronm
ent.
Whi
le L
CA is
the
prim
ary
mea
ns to
iden
tify
the
envi
ronm
enta
l per
form
ance
of a
n in
dust
ry, i
t is n
ot th
e on
ly m
etho
d. M
easu
ring
effic
ienc
y at
diff
eren
t lev
els o
r st
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n is
a di
ffere
nt a
ppro
ach
entir
ely
that
eva
luat
es th
e ut
iliza
tion
of re
sour
ces a
nd e
nerg
y w
hich
co
uld
resu
lt in
mor
e in
form
ed d
ecisi
on m
akin
g le
adin
g to
an
over
all l
ower
impa
ct o
n th
e en
viro
nmen
t. Th
is pr
ojec
t ana
lyze
s, fr
om c
radl
e-to
-gat
e, th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
indu
strie
s, a
s def
ined
by
Nor
th A
mer
ican
Indu
stry
Cl
assif
icat
ion
Syst
em, a
t the
thre
e di
git s
umm
ary
leve
l and
the
six d
igit
deta
iled
leve
l with
a sp
ecifi
c fo
cus o
n th
e hi
gh te
chno
logy
man
ufac
turin
g in
dust
ries u
sing
the
prev
ious
ly m
entio
ned
appr
oach
es. A
naly
sis o
f the
m
anuf
actu
ring
indu
strie
s will
allo
w u
s to
com
pare
the
impa
ct d
iffer
ent i
ndus
trie
s hav
e on
the
envi
ronm
ent b
ased
on
a w
ide
varie
ty o
f crit
eria
; at t
he sa
me
time
com
parin
g th
e ap
proa
ches
them
selv
es a
s the
y ev
alua
te th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
indu
stry
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Lau
ra B
yrne
s-Bl
anco
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H16
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Sou
th F
lorid
a M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Do
ctor
al S
tude
nt
Futu
re P
lans
(Sch
ool/
Care
er):
Atte
nd g
radu
ate
scho
ol t
o pu
rsue
a P
h.D.
in
Mec
hani
cal
Engi
neer
ing
with
re
sear
ch c
once
ntra
ted
in re
habi
litat
ion
and
ther
apeu
tics.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry, D
ivis
ion,
and
G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Sci
ence
Div
ision
, N
anom
echa
nica
l Pro
pert
ies G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Adv
isor
: W
ill O
sbor
n Ti
tle o
f Tal
k:
Exam
inat
ion
of a
3D
Prin
ted
Bioc
ompa
tible
Pol
ymer
for S
tent
s Ab
stra
ct:
Thre
e-di
men
siona
l (3D
) prin
ters
hav
e be
com
e a
key
reso
urce
for b
iom
edic
al a
nd b
ioen
gine
erin
g fie
lds
beca
use
of
thei
r abi
litie
s to
prin
t com
plex
geo
met
ries a
nd u
se n
umer
ous
prin
ting
styl
es a
nd m
ater
ials
that
rang
e fr
om m
etal
s to
bio
logi
cs. F
or e
xam
ple,
3D
prin
ters
hav
e al
low
ed fo
r the
succ
essf
ul c
reat
ion
of c
usto
m, i
mpl
anta
ble
devi
ces a
nd
artif
icia
l tiss
ues.
Her
e w
e ex
amin
ed th
e to
pogr
aphi
cal a
nd n
anom
echa
nica
l pro
pert
ies o
f a b
ioco
mpa
tible
pol
ymer
th
at w
as c
reat
ed w
ith fu
sed
depo
sitio
n m
odel
ing.
Thi
s po
lym
er w
ill b
e us
ed to
cre
ate
sten
ts: d
evic
es th
at c
an b
e te
mpo
raril
y or
per
man
ently
impl
ante
d in
to a
blo
od v
esse
l or
othe
r bo
dily
pas
sage
to
help
faci
litat
e pr
oper
flui
d flo
w. W
e im
aged
the
sur
face
str
uctu
re o
f thi
s po
lym
er a
nd d
eter
min
ed if
the
She
ar a
nd Y
oung
’s M
odul
i cha
nge
signi
fican
tly a
cros
s th
e ex
trud
ed b
eads
and
the
ir fu
sion
sites
. Thi
s an
alys
is w
ill a
llow
for
the
char
acte
rizat
ion
of
the
effe
cts t
he 3
D pr
intin
g pr
oces
s has
on
the
poly
mer
and
its v
iabi
lity
for s
tent
s and
oth
er u
ses.
Al
l of
the
top
ogra
phic
al a
nd f
orce
spe
ctro
scop
y da
ta n
eede
d fo
r an
alys
is w
as c
olle
cted
by
atom
ic f
orce
m
icro
scop
y (A
FM),
whi
ch p
robe
s sa
mpl
es w
ith m
icro
-fabr
icat
ed c
antil
ever
s. A
FM d
ata
accu
racy
is d
irect
ly re
late
d to
the
accu
racy
of t
he c
antil
ever
s’ sp
ecifi
ed s
prin
g co
nsta
nts
– w
hich
are
typi
cally
def
ined
with
±50
% a
ccur
acy
by
man
ufac
ture
rs. T
o pr
omot
e th
e m
ost a
ccur
ate
mea
sure
men
ts p
ossib
le, a
Las
er D
oppl
er V
ibro
met
er w
as u
sed
to
find
all c
antil
ever
sprin
g co
nsta
nts w
ith a
ppro
xim
atel
y ±1
% a
ccur
acy.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 41
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: W
illia
m A
. Byr
on
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
132
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: T
ulan
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s and
Mat
h Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): To
kee
p le
arni
ng P
hysic
s and
Mat
h.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, R
adia
tion
Phys
ics D
ivisi
on, F
unda
men
tal P
hysic
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Scot
t Dew
ey
Title
of T
alk:
Re
sidua
l Gas
Effe
ct o
n aC
ORN
Abst
ract
: Th
e de
gree
of a
ngul
ar c
orre
latio
n be
twee
n th
e be
ta e
lect
ron
and
elec
tron
-ant
ineu
trin
o in
neu
tron
dec
ay is
den
oted
by
the
dim
ensio
nles
s par
amet
er “
a”.
This
valu
e, in
com
bina
tion
with
oth
er n
eutr
on d
ecay
par
amet
ers c
an b
e us
ed
to te
st th
e se
lf-co
nsist
ency
of t
he E
lect
row
eak
Stan
dard
Mod
el. P
revi
ous e
xper
imen
ts th
at m
easu
red
“a”
had
syst
emat
ic u
ncer
tain
ties o
n th
e or
der o
f 5%
. The
aCO
RN (a
CO
Rrel
atio
n in
Neu
tron
dec
ay) e
xper
imen
t, w
hich
is
desig
ned
to o
btai
n a
syst
emat
ic u
ncer
tain
ty o
f les
s tha
n 1%
, is b
eing
car
ried
out a
t the
NIS
T Ce
nter
for N
eutr
on
Rese
arch
. The
mea
sure
d en
ergy
of t
he b
eta
elec
tron
and
tim
e-of
-flig
ht b
etw
een
the
beta
and
pro
ton
are
used
to
dete
rmin
e th
e an
gula
r cor
rela
tion
betw
een
the
elec
tron
and
ele
ctro
n-an
tineu
trin
o. In
the
expe
rimen
t the
pro
ton
trav
els s
ever
al m
eter
s thr
ough
a 1
.33*
10-5
Pa
(10-7
Tor
r) v
acuu
m b
efor
e be
ing
dete
cted
. Thi
s wor
k ad
dres
ses a
po
tent
ially
impo
rtan
t sys
tem
atic
unc
erta
inty
ass
ocia
ted
with
the
velo
city
dep
ende
nt re
mov
al o
f pro
tons
by
the
resid
ual g
as. I
nitia
lly it
is a
ssum
ed th
at th
e re
sidua
l gas
con
sists
of p
ure
mol
ecul
ar h
ydro
gen.
The
effe
ct is
ass
esse
d w
ith a
Mon
te C
arlo
trea
tmen
t tha
t fol
low
s ind
ivid
ual p
roto
ns a
s the
y tr
avel
thro
ugh
the
resid
ual g
as a
nd w
eigh
ts
them
by
thei
r pro
babi
lity
of in
tera
ctio
n.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: G
ianl
uca
Capr
aro
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
129
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
ichi
gan
– An
n Ar
bor
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eer
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ca
reer
in t
he fi
eld
of E
ngin
eerin
g, O
pen
to G
rad
Scho
ol a
s an
optio
n
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Int
ellig
ent S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on;
Cogn
ition
and
Col
labo
ratio
n Sy
stem
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. B
rian
Wei
ss
Title
of T
alk:
Ad
vanc
ing
Man
ufac
turin
g Pr
oces
s Dia
gnos
tics a
nd P
rogn
ostic
s by
Leve
ragi
ng
Supp
ly C
hain
Str
ateg
ies
Abst
ract
: Th
e gl
obal
eco
nom
y is
depe
nden
t upo
n m
any
key
cont
ribut
ors:
dist
ribut
ors,
supp
liers
, man
ufac
ture
rs, a
nd
cust
omer
s whi
ch fa
cilit
ate
the
dist
ribut
ion,
pro
duct
ion,
and
pur
chas
ing
of g
oods
and
serv
ices
aro
und
the
wor
ld.
Thes
e in
terc
onne
cted
ent
ities
mak
e up
the
supp
ly c
hain
. The
succ
ess o
f the
supp
ly c
hain
dep
ends
on
the
effic
ienc
y, re
liabi
lity,
and
pro
duct
ivity
of i
ts v
ario
us c
ompo
nent
s, o
ne o
f whi
ch a
re m
anuf
actu
rers
. If
a m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
ess d
eclin
es o
r fai
ls al
toge
ther
, pro
duct
ion
is di
srup
ted,
dist
ribut
ion
is di
srup
ted,
and
the
supp
ly c
hain
is a
lso d
isrup
ted
thro
ugh
the
chai
n of
eve
nts.
Any
form
of d
isrup
tion
to su
pply
cha
in o
pera
tions
can
le
ad to
dev
asta
ting
effe
cts t
hat a
re fe
lt on
a g
loba
l sca
le. T
o m
aint
ain
a su
cces
sful
supp
ly c
hain
, it i
s not
onl
y ne
cess
ary
to a
ddre
ss su
pply
cha
in lo
gist
ics,
but i
t is a
lso c
ritic
al to
und
erst
and
the
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
ses t
hat
are
driv
ing
prod
uct g
ener
atio
n.
The
vast
com
plex
ity o
f sup
ply
chai
ns im
plie
s tha
t the
y ar
e su
bjec
t to
a m
ultit
ude
of ri
sks,
rang
ing
from
min
imal
to
seve
re in
impa
ct a
nd in
freq
uent
to c
omm
on in
occ
urre
nce.
The
pre
senc
e of
risk
in su
pply
cha
ins n
eces
sitat
es
stra
tegi
es a
nd m
etho
ds to
pre
dict
, miti
gate
, or r
espo
nd to
disr
uptio
ns. T
hese
supp
ly c
hain
stra
tegi
es h
ave
been
he
avily
rese
arch
ed. H
owev
er, l
ess r
esea
rch
has b
een
perf
orm
ed o
n th
e su
bjec
t of r
isk a
nd d
isrup
tion,
pre
dict
ion,
pr
even
tion,
and
reac
tion
with
in th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
ess d
omai
ns. T
he si
mila
ritie
s in
goal
s, fu
nctio
ns, a
nd
desig
ns b
etw
een
supp
ly c
hain
s and
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
ses s
ugge
st th
at st
rate
gies
use
d in
miti
gatin
g or
re
spon
ding
to su
pply
cha
in d
isrup
tions
can
yie
ld p
rom
ising
resu
lts if
app
lied
to m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
esse
s. I
pres
ent
curr
ent s
uppl
y ch
ain
miti
gatio
n an
d co
ntin
genc
y st
rate
gies
as w
ell a
s the
ava
ilabl
e di
agno
stic
and
pro
gnos
tic
tech
niqu
es a
pplie
d to
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
ses.
A c
ompa
rison
bet
wee
n su
pply
cha
in st
rate
gies
and
m
anuf
actu
ring
diag
nost
ic a
nd p
rogn
ostic
tech
niqu
es w
ill b
e pr
esen
ted.
I pr
opos
e im
plem
entin
g su
cces
sful
and
/or
prom
ising
supp
ly c
hain
stra
tegi
es to
enh
ance
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
s dia
gnos
tics a
nd p
rogn
ostic
s and
bui
ld m
ore
resil
ient
pro
cess
es. T
he p
ropo
sals
mad
e in
my
rese
arch
pro
vide
a n
ew p
ersp
ectiv
e on
the
subj
ect o
f risk
in
man
ufac
turin
g an
d m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
ess d
iagn
ostic
s and
pro
gnos
tics
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 42
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
oe V
Car
pent
er II
I G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
5 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Ariz
ona
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
& E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
1st y
ear o
f gra
duat
e sc
hool
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Di
rect
PhD
pro
gram
at A
rizon
a St
ate
Uni
vers
ity w
ith h
opes
of b
ecom
ing
a pr
ofes
sor
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
& E
ngin
eerin
g Di
visio
n,
Func
tiona
l Pol
ymer
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. J
onat
han
Dow
ning
, Dr.
Felic
ia B
okel
Title
of T
alk:
Pr
oces
s Opt
imiza
tion
of P
olym
er S
olar
Cel
ls
Abst
ract
: Bu
lk h
eter
ojun
ctio
n (B
HJ) p
hoto
volta
ic (P
V) d
evic
es w
ere
prod
uced
from
inte
rmix
ed b
lend
s of d
onor
(PBD
TTT-
C-T)
an
d ac
cept
or (P
-NDI
2OD-
T2) p
olym
ers.
The
activ
e la
yer o
f the
dev
ices
was
bla
de c
oate
d to
sim
ulat
e th
e la
rge
area
slo
t-di
e co
atin
g te
chni
que
utili
zed
in m
anuf
actu
ring.
Pow
er c
onve
rsio
n ef
ficie
ncie
s (P
CEs)
of a
ll-po
lym
er d
evic
es
wer
e m
easu
red
to b
e as
hig
h as
1.7
%.
High
PCE
s w
ere
achi
eved
by
alte
ring
the
solu
tion
to c
onta
in 2
0%v/
v ch
loro
naph
thal
ene,
a s
low
dry
ing
solv
ent
and
1%w
/w D
MDB
S, a
nuc
leat
ing
agen
t. Va
rious
bla
ding
spe
eds
wer
e at
tem
pted
fro
m 5
to
40 m
m/s
to
obta
in a
ctiv
e la
yer
film
s of
aro
und
100
nm.
Ther
mal
tre
atm
ents
wer
e al
so
atte
mpt
ed t
o in
crea
se d
ryin
g sp
eed.
Ini
tial
char
acte
rizat
ion
was
per
form
ed w
ith o
ptic
al m
icro
scop
y an
d ul
trav
iole
t-visi
ble
(UV-
Vis)
abs
orpt
ion
spec
tros
copy
. The
ele
ctric
al p
rope
rtie
s of
the
high
est p
erfo
rmin
g PV
dev
ice
wer
e an
ope
n ci
rcui
t vo
ltage
(Voc
) of 8
20 m
V, a
sho
rt c
ircui
t cu
rren
t de
nsity
(Jsc
) of 4
.6 m
A/cm
2 , and
a fi
ll fa
ctor
(F
F) o
f 46%
. Opt
imal
pro
cess
ing
cond
ition
s ha
ve b
een
used
in s
ynch
rotr
on d
iffra
ctio
n m
easu
rem
ents
to c
orre
late
pe
rfor
man
ce-p
roce
ssin
g re
latio
nshi
ps a
ble
to in
form
futu
re fo
rmul
atio
ns o
f dev
ices
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
ared
Car
ter
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
165
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of F
lorid
a M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: 1st
yea
r PhD
stud
ent a
t Pen
nsyl
vani
a St
ate
Uni
vers
ity
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te w
ith a
PhD
from
Pen
nsyl
vani
a St
ate
Uni
vers
ity th
en w
ork
in a
nat
iona
l or
gove
rnm
ent l
abor
ator
y N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls M
easu
rem
ent S
cien
ce D
ivisi
on,
Mat
eria
ls St
ruct
ure
and
Data
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. I
gor L
evin
Title
of T
alk:
Sy
nthe
sis, C
ryst
al S
truc
ture
s, a
nd P
hase
Tra
nsiti
ons i
n (N
a,Li
)(Nb,
Ta)O
3 Cer
amic
s
Abst
ract
: M
ultil
ayer
cer
amic
cap
acito
rs (M
LCC)
ena
ble
man
y el
ectr
onic
dev
ices
. M
LCC
com
mon
ly e
mpl
oy B
aTiO
3-ba
sed
mat
eria
ls as
die
lect
rics.
The
max
imum
ope
ratin
g te
mpe
ratu
re o
f the
se c
apac
itors
is li
mite
d to
abo
ut 1
30°C
, whi
ch
corr
espo
nds t
o th
e te
mpe
ratu
re o
f par
aele
ctric
-to-fe
rroe
lect
ric p
hase
tran
sitio
n in
BaT
iO3.
Ho
wev
er, m
any
emer
ging
app
licat
ions
, suc
h as
eng
ine
cont
rol u
nits
for a
utom
obile
fuel
effi
cien
cy a
nd p
ower
inve
rter
s for
op
erat
ing
mot
ors o
n su
bway
car
s req
uire
cap
acito
rs to
ope
rate
at h
ighe
r tem
pera
ture
s.
Thus
, a se
arch
is u
nder
w
ay fo
r sui
tabl
e di
elec
tric
mat
eria
ls.
(Na,
Li)(N
b,Ta
)O3
cera
mic
s are
am
ong
the
cand
idat
es fo
r hig
h-te
mpe
ratu
re
MLC
C; y
et, t
he c
ryst
al st
ruct
ures
of t
hese
mat
eria
ls st
ill re
mai
n un
cert
ain.
W
e us
ed v
aria
ble-
tem
pera
ture
X-r
ay
pow
der d
iffra
ctio
n co
mbi
ned
with
tran
smiss
ion
elec
tron
mic
rosc
opy
to e
valu
ate
crys
tal s
truc
ture
s and
pha
se
tran
sitio
ns in
the
pero
vski
te p
hase
fiel
d of
the
NaN
bO3-
NaT
aO3-
LiN
bO3-
LiTa
O3
quat
erna
ry sy
stem
. T
he sa
mpl
es
wer
e pr
epar
ed u
sing
solid
-sta
te sy
nthe
sis b
oth
in a
ir an
d re
duci
ng a
tmos
pher
es.
Our
resu
lts re
veal
ed a
com
plex
in
terp
lay
betw
een
orde
ring
of p
olar
cat
ion
disp
lace
men
ts a
nd o
ctah
edra
l rot
atio
ns, w
hich
giv
es ri
se to
a v
arie
ty o
f pe
rovs
kite
-like
supe
rstr
uctu
res.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 43
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Lui
s D. C
atac
ora
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
anni
ng to
wor
k at
a S
oftw
are
com
pany
, the
n re
turn
for m
y M
aste
r’s D
egre
e
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
& C
ompu
tatio
nal M
athe
mat
ics,
Hig
h Pe
rfor
man
ce C
ompu
ting
& V
isual
izatio
n N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Ju
dith
Ter
rill,
Wes
ley
Griff
in
Title
of T
alk:
D3
Spa
tial D
ecom
posit
ion
Visu
aliza
tion
Valid
atio
n To
ol fo
r Cem
ent H
ydra
tion
Abst
ract
: Co
ncre
te p
rovi
des s
tren
gth
and
stru
ctur
e to
a la
rge
part
of o
ur w
orld
. The
cem
ent b
inde
r in
conc
rete
und
ergo
es
mul
tiple
inte
ract
ing
chem
ical
and
stru
ctur
al c
hang
es a
s it t
rans
form
s fro
m a
liqu
id su
spen
sion
to a
solid
mas
s.
Und
erst
andi
ng th
e na
ture
of t
hese
tran
sfor
mat
ions
is im
port
ant f
or b
uild
ing
a su
stai
nabl
e ci
vil i
nfra
stru
ctur
e. T
he
Inor
gani
c M
ater
ials
Grou
p w
ithin
EL/
NIS
T is
deve
lopi
ng c
ompu
tatio
nal m
odel
s cap
able
of p
redi
ctin
g th
e flo
w,
hard
enin
g, a
nd st
reng
th o
f cem
ent.
To h
elp
unde
rsta
nd a
nd v
alid
ate
the
mod
els,
we
have
dev
elop
ed a
n in
tegr
ated
inte
ract
ive
visu
aliza
tion
and
anal
ysis
envi
ronm
ent f
or th
e m
odel
out
puts
. Our
env
ironm
ent p
rovi
des a
var
iety
of v
isual
mod
es to
ena
ble
prec
ise
quan
titat
ive
mea
sure
men
ts a
nd v
isual
info
rmat
ion.
We
also
com
bine
3D
scie
ntifi
c da
ta v
isual
izatio
ns w
ith
info
rmat
ion
visu
aliza
tion
usin
g D3
.js ru
nnin
g in
a w
eb b
row
ser.
In
this
talk
we
will
pre
sent
the
data
pro
duce
d fr
om th
e co
mpu
tatio
nal m
odes
, and
show
our
find
ings
and
resu
lts
from
usin
g ou
r D3
Spat
ial D
ecom
posit
ion
Visu
aliza
tion
Valid
atio
n to
ol.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
teph
en C
auffm
an
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
139
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
yrac
use
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Psyc
holo
gy
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Gr
adua
ted
May
201
4
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ap
plyi
ng to
gra
duat
e sc
hool
for F
all 2
015
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion;
M
anuf
actu
ring
Syst
ems I
nteg
ratio
n Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Albe
rt T
. Jon
es
Title
of T
alk:
Im
prov
ing
Situ
atio
nal A
war
enes
s in
Inci
dent
Res
pond
ers U
sing
Unm
anne
d Ae
rial S
yste
ms
Abst
ract
: In
cide
nt re
spon
se in
the
Unite
d St
ates
is la
rgel
y go
vern
ed b
y th
e N
atio
nal I
ncid
ent M
anag
emen
t Sys
tem
(NIM
S),
whi
ch is
gen
eral
fram
ewor
k de
velo
ped
by F
EMA
to st
anda
rdize
the
appr
oach
to in
cide
nt re
spon
se. T
he
fram
ewor
k ca
lls fo
r the
sele
ctio
n of
an
Inci
dent
Com
man
der (
IC) w
ho m
anag
es th
e va
rious
uni
ts in
volv
ed a
nd
wor
ks to
rela
y in
form
atio
n be
twee
n th
em. I
Cs m
ust b
e aw
are
of a
larg
e nu
mbe
r of f
acto
rs su
ch a
s gro
und
unit
posit
ion,
loca
tion
of c
asua
lties
, loc
atio
n of
inco
min
g re
sour
ces,
etc
. The
issu
e is
that
this
info
rmat
ion
is no
rmal
ly
rela
yed
via
radi
o co
mm
unic
atio
n, w
hich
can
del
ay d
ecisi
on m
akin
g. W
e fo
cuse
d on
IC d
ecisi
on-m
akin
g sp
ecifi
cally
an
d to
und
erst
and
this
proc
ess w
e de
velo
ped
func
tiona
l mod
els o
f dec
ision
-mak
ing
usin
g a
mod
elin
g la
ngua
ge
know
n as
the
Func
tiona
l Res
onan
ce A
naly
sis M
etho
d (F
RAM
). FR
AM a
llow
ed u
s to
view
the
proc
ess i
n a
way
that
co
nsid
ers t
he sy
stem
in te
rms o
f the
var
ious
func
tions
invo
lved
(not
the
com
pone
nts)
and
the
norm
al v
aria
nce
in
perf
orm
ance
of t
hese
func
tions
(fun
ctio
nal r
eson
ance
). It
was
det
erm
ined
that
in o
rder
to e
ffect
ivel
y m
ake
deci
sions
, it w
as im
port
ant t
o ha
ve a
sens
e of
situ
atio
nal a
war
enes
s, w
hich
is d
efin
ed b
y Dr
. Mic
a En
dsle
y as
the
abili
ty to
take
sens
ory
info
rmat
ion
abou
t a sc
enar
io a
nd p
roce
ss it
in o
rder
to d
evel
op p
redi
ctio
ns a
bout
how
the
scen
ario
mig
ht e
volv
e . T
o im
prov
e IC
situ
atio
nal a
war
enes
s, w
e pr
opos
e a
syst
em u
sing
an u
nman
ned
aeria
l sy
stem
(UAS
) to
gath
er in
form
atio
n on
a sc
enar
io in
volv
ing
a m
ulti-
car a
ccid
ent u
sing
vide
o an
d ra
dio
sens
ors t
hat
can
rapi
dly
gath
er n
eces
sary
info
rmat
ion
for t
he IC
and
pre
sent
it in
a w
ay th
at ca
n be
pro
cess
ed e
asily
and
op
timize
dec
ision
mak
ing
in in
cide
nt re
spon
se.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 44
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
ing
Chen
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H11
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
The
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k M
ajor
: El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Co
lum
bia
Uni
vers
ity,
grad
uate
stud
ent
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l at C
olum
bia
Uni
vers
ity
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ce
nter
for N
anos
cale
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy,
Nan
ofab
ricat
ion
Rese
arch
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Kart
ik S
riniv
asan
, Kris
hna
Balra
m
Title
of T
alk:
De
velo
pmen
t of a
n Ef
ficie
nt, F
iber
-Cou
pled
Qua
ntum
Dot
Sin
gle
Phot
on S
ourc
e
Abst
ract
: A
singl
e ph
oton
sour
ce is
a li
ght s
ourc
e w
hich
em
its o
nly
one
phot
on a
t a ti
me.
Thi
s so
urce
has
man
y ap
plic
atio
ns
in q
uant
um i
nfor
mat
ion
proc
essin
g an
d pl
ays
an i
mpo
rtan
t ro
le i
n st
udyi
ng t
he f
unda
men
tals
of q
uant
um
mec
hani
cs. F
or in
stan
ce, a
sin
gle
phot
on s
ourc
e ca
n be
use
d in
sec
ure
quan
tum
com
mun
icat
ions
pro
toco
ls. In
ad
ditio
n, t
his
tech
nolo
gy c
an b
e us
ed t
o im
prov
e m
etro
logi
cal a
ccur
acy
and
help
sta
ndar
dize
rad
iom
etry
too
ls.
Alth
ough
sin
gle
phot
on s
ourc
es h
ave
muc
h po
tent
ial,
ther
e ar
e m
any
cons
trai
nts
on e
ffici
ently
gen
erat
ing
singl
e ph
oton
s.
One
of t
he m
etho
ds to
gen
erat
e sin
gle
phot
ons
is op
tical
exc
itatio
n of
a s
ingl
e qu
antu
m e
mitt
er li
ke a
qua
ntum
do
t, in
whi
ch a
sin
gle
phot
on is
em
itted
whe
n an
exc
ited-
stat
e el
ectr
on r
etur
ns t
o th
e gr
ound
sta
te.
In o
ur
rese
arch
, w
e st
udy
singl
e ph
oton
sou
rces
fro
m q
uant
um d
ots
that
are
em
bedd
ed i
n a
high
ref
ract
ive
inde
x m
ater
ial,
GaAs
. Whe
n an
inci
dent
lase
r hi
ts a
qua
ntum
dot
, the
em
itted
ligh
t ra
diat
es in
all
dire
ctio
ns a
nd is
la
rgel
y tr
appe
d in
the
GaA
s m
ater
ial d
ue t
o to
tal i
nter
nal r
efle
ctio
n. T
his,
com
bine
d w
ith t
he lo
w p
hoto
n flu
x pr
oduc
ed b
y w
orki
ng w
ith ju
st a
sin
gle
quan
tum
dot
, mak
es p
hoto
n ex
trac
tion
effic
ienc
y pa
ram
ount
and
is t
he
mai
n ch
alle
nge
of o
ur re
sear
ch. T
he g
oal i
s to
desig
n a
nano
phot
onic
str
uctu
re to
funn
el th
e m
axim
um a
mou
nt o
f sin
gle
phot
ons f
rom
the
quan
tum
dot
to a
sing
le m
ode
optic
al fi
ber.
A w
aveg
uide
geo
met
ry w
ith in
tegr
ated
gra
ting
out-c
oupl
er o
n on
e en
d an
d Br
agg
refle
ctor
mirr
or o
n th
e ot
her
end
is on
e of
the
desig
ns w
e ar
e ex
plor
ing
to e
xtra
ct si
ngle
pho
tons
from
a q
uant
um d
ot.
Whe
n th
e qu
antu
m d
ot
first
em
its p
refe
rent
ially
into
the
wav
egui
de, i
ts e
miss
ion
goes
equ
ally
into
bot
h fo
rwar
d an
d ba
ckw
ard
dire
ctio
ns.
Mos
t of t
he li
ght g
oing
in th
e fo
rwar
d di
rect
ion
of th
e w
a veg
uide
is v
ertic
ally
out
-cou
pled
with
a g
ratin
g in
to a
n op
tical
fibe
r. W
e in
corp
orat
e a
rear
Bra
gg re
flect
or e
nd m
irror
so
that
ligh
t goi
ng in
the
back
war
d di
rect
ion
in th
e w
aveg
uide
get
s re
flect
ed b
ack
to th
e gr
atin
g an
d th
e m
ajor
ity o
f the
qua
ntum
dot
em
issio
n ca
n be
cou
pled
out
. Th
e co
uplin
g ef
ficie
ncy
we
can
achi
eve
depe
nds
on s
ever
al p
aram
eter
s of
diff
ract
ion
grat
ings
suc
h as
gra
ting
perio
d, e
tch
dept
h an
d du
ty c
ycle
. The
opt
imiza
tion
is do
ne th
roug
h sim
ulat
ion
tool
s su
ch a
s RO
DIS,
CAM
FR, a
nd
MEE
P, e
ach
of w
hich
add
ress
es p
art o
f the
ove
rall
prob
lem
. The
gra
ting
reso
nanc
e of
refle
ctio
n an
d tr
ansm
issio
n of
gra
ting
are
foun
d us
ing
RODI
S. M
oreo
ver,
refle
ctiv
ity o
f the
Bra
gg re
flect
or a
nd th
e co
uplin
g fr
om th
e gr
atin
g to
the
fib
er a
re c
alcu
late
d us
ing
the
mod
e ex
pans
ion
met
hod
from
CAM
FR.
Fina
lly, t
he f
inite
-diff
eren
ce t
ime-
dom
ain
(FDT
D) m
etho
d is
utili
zed
in M
EEP
to s
imul
ate
the
who
le s
yste
m, e
nabl
ing
optim
izatio
n of
the
out
put
coup
ling
effic
ienc
y.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: D
avid
Lee
Chu
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H18
2 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Virg
inia
M
ajor
: El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
ndec
ided
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Life
Cyc
le E
ngin
eerin
g Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. P
aul W
ither
ell
Title
of T
alk:
U
nder
stan
ding
the
Addi
tive
Man
ufac
turin
g Di
gita
l Thr
ead
Abst
ract
: Ad
ditiv
e m
anuf
actu
ring
(AM
), th
e pr
oces
s of b
uild
ing
obje
cts l
ayer
by
laye
r, ha
s gro
wn
incr
easin
gly
popu
lar a
s it
prov
ides
a m
ore
effic
ient
alte
rnat
ive
for p
rodu
cing
com
plex
par
ts th
an c
onve
ntio
nal p
roce
sses
. Th
ere
are
seve
ral
diffe
rent
AM
pro
cess
es th
at a
re c
urre
ntly
in u
se, i
nclu
ding
dire
ct m
etal
lase
r sin
terin
g (D
MLS
) and
fuse
d de
posit
ion
mod
elin
g (F
DM).
Eac
h pr
oces
s inv
olve
s man
y di
ffere
nt fa
ctor
s (e.
g. th
e ty
pe o
f mat
eria
l tha
t is u
sed
and
mac
hine
con
trol
par
amet
ers)
that
inte
ract
with
eac
h ot
her a
nd g
ive
rise
to v
aria
bilit
y in
AM
pro
cess
es.
This
varia
bilit
y m
akes
it d
iffic
ult t
o ac
hiev
e tr
acea
bilit
y an
d re
peat
abili
ty in
par
t pro
duct
ion.
To
con
trol
var
iabi
lity,
it is
nec
essa
ry to
und
erst
and
the
flow
and
man
agem
ent o
f inf
orm
atio
n, re
ferr
ed to
as t
he
“dig
ital t
hrea
d,”
with
in a
n AM
pro
cess
. W
ith th
is co
ncep
t in
min
d, th
e ob
ject
ive
of th
is pr
ojec
t was
to id
entif
y th
e ke
y in
form
atio
n us
ed in
par
t dev
elop
men
t by
diffe
rent
AM
pro
cess
es, s
peci
fical
ly D
MLS
and
FDM
. U
nder
stan
ding
th
e cr
itica
l par
amet
ers a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith e
ach
proc
ess w
ill le
ad to
mor
e ef
ficie
nt in
form
atio
n m
anag
emen
t, fa
cilit
atin
g tr
acea
bilit
y an
d th
eref
ore
help
ing
to c
ontr
ol v
aria
bilit
y in
AM
pro
cess
es.
Indu
stry
and
lab
visit
s wer
e us
ed to
gat
her i
nfor
mat
ion
abou
t the
step
s of e
ach
AM p
roce
ss a
nd th
e im
port
ant p
aram
eter
s inv
olve
d in
eac
h st
ep.
Th
e re
sults
of t
his p
roje
ct w
ill h
elp
man
ufac
ture
rs to
mor
e ef
ficie
ntly
man
age
AM p
roce
ss in
form
atio
n. T
he
insig
ht g
aine
d w
ill e
nabl
e th
em to
repr
oduc
e pa
rts m
ore
accu
rate
ly, m
ake
mor
e in
form
ed p
roce
ss se
lect
ions
, and
im
prov
e th
eir m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
esse
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 45
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: F
redd
y Al
exis
Cisn
eros
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H08
2 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
El C
amin
o Co
mm
unity
Col
lege
M
ajor
: P
hysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): O
btai
n a
PhD
in p
hysic
s and
con
tinue
rese
arch
in p
hysic
s.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, R
adia
tion
Phys
ics D
ivisi
on, D
osim
etry
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch A
dvis
or:
Dr. M
arc
F. D
esro
siers
Ti
tle o
f Tal
k:
Eval
uatio
n of
a N
ew D
osim
eter
for I
ndus
tria
l Rad
iatio
n Pr
oces
sing
Abst
ract
: Ra
diat
ion
proc
essin
g is
wid
ely
used
for
the
ste
riliza
tion
of h
ealth
car
e pr
oduc
ts (
e.g.
, sy
ringe
s),
to e
nhan
ce t
he
chem
ical
stru
ctur
e of
eve
ryda
y pr
oduc
ts to
impr
ove
thei
r per
form
ance
(e.g
., w
ire in
sula
tion)
, to
exte
nd th
e sh
elf l
ife o
f fo
od, a
nd m
any
othe
r use
ful a
pplic
atio
ns. T
he m
ost c
omm
on ty
pe o
f ion
izing
radi
atio
n us
ed in
indu
stry
is g
amm
a-ra
y ph
oton
s fro
m ra
dioa
ctiv
e co
balt-
60 so
urce
s.
In ir
radi
atio
n fa
cilit
ies
bulk
irra
diat
ion
is co
mm
only
pra
ctic
ed w
here
larg
e am
ount
s of
pro
duct
s ar
e ex
pose
d to
ioni
zing
radi
atio
n to
max
imize
thro
ughp
ut. D
ue to
the
inte
ract
ion
of ra
diat
ion
with
mat
ter,
one
cann
ot s
impl
y as
sum
e th
at a
ll th
e pr
oduc
ts in
the
bulk
are
uni
form
ly ir
radi
ated
. To
assu
re th
at a
ll th
e pr
oduc
ts in
the
bulk
rece
ive
the
nece
ssar
y do
se,
dosim
eter
s ar
e pl
aced
in p
re-e
stab
lishe
d re
fere
nce
loca
tions
on
the
prod
uct
cont
aine
rs. U
pon
the
com
plet
ion
of t
he
radi
atio
n pr
oces
s the
se d
osim
eter
s are
mea
sure
d pr
ior t
o pr
oduc
t rel
ease
. Al
anin
e do
simet
ers
are
the
mos
t acc
urat
e an
d w
idel
y us
ed d
osim
eter
s du
e to
thei
r hig
h re
prod
ucib
ility
and
the
broa
d ra
nge
of d
ose.
Tw
o fo
rms
of a
lani
ne d
osim
eter
s ar
e co
mm
only
use
d in
indu
stry
, the
film
and
pel
let
form
s bo
th o
f w
hich
hav
e th
eir p
ros
and
cons
. The
pel
let f
orm
that
use
d by
NIS
T fo
r the
ir po
stal
-bas
ed tr
ansf
er d
osim
etry
ser
vice
s is
mor
e ac
cura
te th
an th
e fil
m fo
rm b
ut sm
all (
4.8
mm
in d
iam
eter
, 3.0
mm
in h
eigh
t) a
nd n
on-la
bele
d m
akin
g it
diffi
cult
to h
andl
e by
the
indu
stria
l irr
adia
ting
faci
litie
s. T
he fi
lm fo
rm is
less
acc
urat
e bu
t is
barc
oded
and
in th
e fo
rm o
f a lo
ng
strip
mak
ing
it m
uch
easie
r to
hand
le w
hen
irrad
iatin
g in
bul
k an
d th
roug
hput
is o
f ess
ence
. To
com
bine
the
bes
t qu
aliti
es o
f ea
ch t
ype,
ala
nine
dos
imet
er m
anuf
actu
rers
hav
e be
gun
mak
ing
prot
otyp
es o
f a
hybr
id a
lani
ne d
osim
eter
. The
se h
ybrid
dos
imet
ers
cons
ist o
f an
ala
nine
pel
let
pack
aged
at
the
end
of a
bar
code
d pl
astic
han
dle.
Thi
s ne
w f
orm
of d
osim
eter
will
be
easy
to
use,
mor
e ac
cura
te t
han
the
film
dos
imet
er, a
nd w
ill a
id
irrad
iatin
g fa
cilit
ies i
n ac
hiev
ing
a hi
gh th
roug
hput
with
hig
h pr
ecisi
on.
My
rese
arch
will
ana
lyze
the
prop
ertie
s of t
his n
ew h
ybrid
dos
imet
er c
ompa
red
to b
oth
the
pelle
t and
film
dos
imet
ers.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
abre
na C
layt
on
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
115
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: F
ayet
tevi
lle S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Chem
istry
/Che
mica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Tr
ansf
er to
Nor
th C
arol
ina
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
to c
ompl
ete
chem
ical
eng
inee
ring
port
ion
of
dual
deg
ree
plan
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry, F
ire R
esea
rch
Divi
sion,
Fla
mm
abili
ty R
educ
tion
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Rick
Dav
is
Title
of T
alk:
Ev
alua
ting
Nan
ofilm
Coa
tings
to P
reve
nt F
lam
mab
ility
in H
ouse
hold
Fur
nitu
re
Abst
ract
: 30
00 p
eopl
e di
e ev
ery
year
in fi
res t
hat s
tart
ed w
ith h
ouse
hold
furn
iture
. Th
ere
is no
fire
reta
rdan
t ava
ilabl
e th
at
can
prev
ent t
hose
fire
s. T
his s
umm
er w
e ha
ve tr
ied
to c
reat
e a
met
hod
to p
reve
nt th
e ris
k of
fire
from
bot
h op
en
flam
e an
d sm
olde
ring.
We
utili
zed
reci
pes p
revi
ously
test
ed o
n fo
am, a
nd a
pplie
d th
em to
cot
ton
fabr
ic sa
mpl
es.
Thes
e sa
mpl
es w
ere
then
eva
luat
ed fo
r the
ir fla
mm
abili
ty u
sing
dire
ct fl
ame
and
smol
derin
g te
sts.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 46
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: E
than
Cle
men
ts
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
170
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: M
iam
i Uni
vers
ity o
f Ohi
o M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Grad
uate
Sch
ool
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Cu
rren
tly I
am e
nrol
led
in a
Mas
ter’s
Pro
gram
at M
iam
i Uni
vers
ity (O
hio)
and
upo
n co
mpl
etio
n I a
m in
tere
sted
in e
nrol
ling
in a
P.H
.D. p
rogr
am so
I ca
n co
ntin
ue to
del
ve in
to
and
broa
den
the
fron
tiers
of P
hysic
s.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Qua
ntum
Opt
ics G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Al
an M
igda
ll, Jo
ffrey
Pet
ers
Title
of T
alk:
Fe
edba
ck C
ontr
olle
d M
agne
tic F
ield
Zer
oing
for R
are
Eart
h Q
uant
um M
emor
y
Abst
ract
: In
pra
seod
ymiu
m-d
oped
Y2S
iO5,
pre
cisio
n co
ntro
l of t
he m
agne
tic fi
eld
envi
ronm
ent e
nabl
es u
s to
rem
ove
man
y of
the
deco
here
nce
mec
hani
sms i
n th
e cr
ysta
l. To
con
trol
the
mag
netic
fiel
ds w
e co
nstr
ucte
d He
lmho
ltz c
oils
orie
nted
alo
ng 3
per
pend
icul
ar a
xes.
We
also
wan
t to
ensu
re th
at fo
r lon
g pe
riods
of t
ime,
our
mag
netic
fiel
d ze
roin
g re
mai
ns st
able
and
doe
s not
cha
nge
due
to a
ltera
tion
in th
e en
viro
nmen
t. To
do
this,
we
utili
ze a
PI
(Pro
port
iona
l, In
tegr
al) f
eedb
ack
loop
so th
at o
ur sy
stem
resp
onds
to a
ny c
hang
es in
the
envi
ronm
ent.
The
syst
em w
e co
nstr
ucte
d ut
ilize
s an
Ardu
ino
Uno
to m
easu
re a
nd c
ontr
ol fe
edba
ck to
the
syst
em. T
he A
rdui
no
mea
sure
s the
mag
netic
fiel
d us
ing
a tr
iple
axi
s mag
neto
resis
tive
digi
tal m
agne
tom
eter
, com
pare
s with
the
desir
ed m
agne
tic fi
eld,
then
feed
s thi
s err
or v
alue
into
the
PI lo
op. T
he v
olta
ge o
utpu
t fro
m th
e PI
loop
is se
nt to
a
tran
scon
duct
ance
am
plifi
er w
hich
out
puts
a d
esire
d cu
rren
t pro
port
iona
l to
the
inpu
t vol
tage
. Thi
s cur
rent
pas
ses
thro
ugh
the
Helm
holtz
coi
ls ge
nera
ting
a m
agne
tic fi
eld.
Due
to o
ur a
bilit
y to
acc
urat
ely
mea
sure
the
mag
netic
fie
ld w
e ar
e ab
le to
zero
the
loca
l fie
ld o
r set
it to
a d
esire
d va
lue.
We
desig
ned
our s
yste
m to
out
put u
p to
3 m
T –
so w
e ca
n fr
eeze
out
the
nucl
ear s
pin
flips
. Our
setu
p ob
tain
s a m
agne
tic fi
eld
cont
rol o
f .4 μT
. Thi
s app
arat
us w
ill
aid
in fu
rthe
r exp
erim
enta
tion
with
pra
seod
ymiu
m-d
oped
cry
stal
s as l
ong
lifet
ime
quan
tum
mem
orie
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
acob
Col
lard
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H15
0 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Sw
arth
mor
e Co
llege
M
ajor
: Li
ngui
stic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
do
rese
arch
on
com
puta
tiona
l lin
guist
ics i
n pu
rsui
t of a
Ph.
D
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Sys
tem
s and
Sof
twar
e Di
visio
n, C
yber
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Er
ic S
imm
on
Title
of T
alk:
Au
tom
atic
Ont
olog
ies:
Sta
ndar
dize
d Te
rmin
olog
y Ge
nera
tion
for D
ocum
ent
Com
paris
on a
nd S
earc
h Ab
stra
ct:
The
gene
ratio
n of
dom
ain
onto
logi
es h
as se
en in
crea
sing
inte
rest
in in
form
atio
n sc
ienc
es fo
r app
licat
ions
such
as
anal
ysis
of k
now
ledg
e an
d st
anda
rdiza
tion
of te
rmin
olog
y. W
e ha
ve d
evel
oped
a to
ol fo
r the
aut
omat
ic
gene
ratio
n of
ont
olog
ies f
rom
text
. With
this
tool
, ter
min
olog
y ca
n be
ext
ract
ed fr
om n
atur
al la
ngua
ge
docu
men
ts. T
he to
ol th
en st
anda
rdize
s the
term
inol
ogy,
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt li
ngui
stic
stru
ctur
e an
d cr
eatin
g a
hier
arch
ical
set o
f cla
sses
. Be
caus
e on
tolo
gy g
ener
atio
n is
auto
mat
ic a
nd u
nsup
ervi
sed,
this
tool
can
be
appl
ied
to a
ny sc
ient
ific
field
. The
hi
erar
chic
al st
ruct
ure
allo
ws f
or d
iver
se se
arch
app
licat
ions
such
as r
ecom
men
datio
ns b
ased
on
subc
lass
es o
r su
perc
lass
es.
The
onto
logy
can
also
be
appl
ied
to d
ocum
ent c
ompa
rison
. By
com
parin
g st
anda
rdize
d te
rms i
nste
ad o
f am
bigu
ous n
atur
al la
ngua
ge, t
he to
ol a
llow
s for
sem
antic
inst
ead
of p
urel
y le
xica
l com
paris
ons.
Thr
ough
do
cum
ent c
ompa
rison
, thi
s too
l can
also
gen
erat
e co
ncep
tual
as w
ell a
s hie
rarc
hica
l lin
ks, w
hich
can
be
appl
ied
to
mor
e ad
vanc
ed se
arch
es a
nd a
naly
ses.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 47
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
penc
er C
onno
r G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
2 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Col
orad
o Sc
hool
of M
ines
M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Co
mpl
etin
g un
derg
radu
ate
stud
ies a
nd c
onte
mpl
atin
g gr
adua
te sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, O
pera
tions
and
Eng
inee
ring
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Joe
Reye
nga
Title
of T
alk:
De
velo
ping
a S
yste
m fo
r Mon
itorin
g N
CNR
Fum
e Ho
od R
adia
tion
Leve
ls
Abst
ract
: In
a re
sear
ch fa
cilit
y su
ch a
s the
NIS
T Ce
nter
for N
eutr
on R
esea
rch,
fum
e ho
ods a
re c
omm
only
use
d w
hen
hand
ling
radi
oact
ive
mat
eria
ls. A
serie
s of G
eige
r-M
üelle
r tub
es a
re p
ositi
oned
in th
e du
ctw
ork
of th
e ho
ods t
o m
easu
re g
amm
a ra
diat
ion
in th
e ai
r or f
rom
any
airb
orne
par
ticul
ates
that
may
exi
st. T
he sy
stem
mon
itorin
g th
ese
dete
ctor
s mus
t be
secu
re, a
cces
sible
to H
ealth
Phy
sics p
erso
nnel
, and
be
capa
ble
of ru
nnin
g fo
r ext
ende
d pe
riods
of t
ime
with
litt
le to
no
mai
nten
ance
. Thi
s rol
e is
curr
ently
serv
ed b
y th
ree
co-d
epen
dent
com
pute
rs w
ith
a sin
gle
user
-inte
rfac
e. T
he N
CNR
Hood
Mon
itor P
roje
ct is
des
igne
d to
repl
ace
the
data
logg
ing,
tren
d an
alys
is,
and
user
-inte
rfac
e of
the
curr
ent s
yste
m w
hile
reta
inin
g th
e or
igin
al d
etec
tors
and
ass
ocia
ted
hard
war
e. In
ord
er
to m
aint
ain
relia
bilit
y an
d se
curit
y, th
e da
ta fr
om e
ach
dete
ctor
is lo
gged
and
stor
ed in
an
onlin
e da
taba
se b
y a
virt
ual s
erve
r, w
hich
ale
rts H
ealth
Phy
sics p
erso
nnel
of a
ny a
bnor
mal
cha
nges
in ra
diat
ion
leve
ls. T
he N
CNR
Hood
M
onito
r pro
ject
also
incl
udes
a d
eskt
op p
rogr
am to
disp
lay
curr
ent v
alue
s, e
xam
ine
hist
oric
al tr
ends
, and
exp
ort
data
in se
vera
l for
mat
s. B
y el
imin
atin
g as
man
y of
the
phys
ical
ele
men
ts o
f the
cur
rent
syst
em a
nd a
llow
ing
Heal
th P
hysic
s to
acce
ss th
e sy
stem
from
thei
r des
ktop
com
pute
rs, t
he N
CNR
Hood
Mon
itor m
aint
ains
secu
rity
whi
le b
eing
ada
ptab
le a
nd a
cces
sible
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Lau
ren
Cron
ise
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
083
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: W
est V
irgin
ia W
esle
yan
Colle
ge
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): E
ither
goi
ng to
gra
duat
e sc
hool
to p
ursu
e m
edic
al p
hysic
s or a
tten
ding
med
ical
scho
ol to
pu
rsue
a c
aree
r in
radi
atio
n on
colo
gy.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ents
Lab
orat
ory,
Rad
iatio
n Ph
ysic
s Div
ision
, Rad
ioac
tivity
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Heat
her C
hen-
May
er
Title
of T
alk:
C
T Im
agin
g of
the
Lung
s and
Inve
stig
atio
n of
Dua
l Ene
rgy
CT
Abst
ract
: Co
mpu
ted
tom
ogra
phy
(CT)
mac
hine
s are
wid
ely
used
in c
linic
al se
ttin
gs to
dia
gnos
e an
d pl
an tr
eatm
ent f
or
med
ical
issu
es, a
nd a
ccur
ate
met
hods
for a
naly
zing
the
imag
es a
re c
ruci
al fo
r pro
per d
iagn
osis.
Lun
g tis
sue
rem
ains
a d
iffic
ult t
issue
for s
tand
ardi
zatio
n du
e to
lung
’s c
hang
ing
dens
ity, a
nd th
e CT
scan
ner v
aria
tions
hav
e cr
eate
d a
signi
fican
t bar
rier f
or a
sses
sing
dise
ase
prog
ress
ion
in a
clin
ical
sett
ing.
The
refo
re, h
avin
g an
acc
urat
e st
anda
rd T
EM (t
issue
equ
ival
ent m
ater
ial)
is es
sent
ial.
To te
st N
IST’
s new
lung
refe
renc
e st
anda
rd, S
RM 2
088
(Lev
ine
and
Chen
-May
er, 2
013)
, w
e ra
n CT
scan
s of t
he m
ater
ial i
n a
anth
ropo
mor
phic
pha
ntom
, 3D
prin
ted
from
th
e W
alte
r Ree
d Ar
my
Med
ical
Cen
ter,
to m
easu
re th
e al
tera
tion
of H
U (H
ouns
field
Uni
t) in
a p
hant
om th
at
simul
ates
scat
terin
g co
mpa
red
to th
e va
lues
mea
sure
d in
air.
Thi
s pha
ntom
was
cre
ated
from
a p
roce
ss th
at
invo
lves
cre
atin
g a
dens
ity m
ask
from
reco
nstr
ucte
d CT
imag
es in
softw
are
simila
r to
SCAN
IP (S
impl
ewar
e), w
hich
se
gmen
ts th
e m
ater
ial i
n ea
ch m
ask
rela
tive
to th
e Ho
unsf
ield
Uni
t ran
ge d
esire
d to
sim
ulat
e bo
ne a
nd v
ario
us
tissu
es. T
his d
ata
can
be u
sed
by ra
diol
ogist
s and
rese
arch
ers t
o be
tter
cal
ibra
te th
eir m
achi
nes a
nd im
prov
e di
agno
sis a
ccur
acy
in a
reas
such
as e
mph
ysem
a an
d lu
ng c
ance
r. Su
ch a
n ef
fort
requ
ires q
uant
ifica
tion
of th
e sc
anne
r spe
ctra
l dep
ende
nce
of th
e Ho
unsf
ield
Uni
t. W
e ar
e in
vest
igat
ing
the
dual
ene
rgy
CT (D
ECT)
app
roac
h in
th
e po
st re
cons
truc
tion
imag
ing
spac
e, b
y fir
st c
alib
ratin
g th
e N
IST
scan
ner (
Phili
ps B
rillia
nce
16) u
sing
mat
eria
ls of
kno
wn
com
posit
ion,
by
impl
emen
ting
a m
etho
d pu
blish
ed b
y Yo
hann
es e
t al (
2011
, 201
2).
Onc
e th
e en
ergy
de
pend
ent p
aram
eter
s are
det
erm
ined
exp
erim
enta
lly fo
r eac
h sp
ectr
um, D
ECT
may
be
empl
oyed
to so
lve
the
unkn
own
mat
eria
ls by
the
deco
mpo
sitio
n m
etho
d. M
ater
ials
that
hav
e di
ffere
nt e
lem
enta
l com
posit
ions
or m
ass
dens
ities
can
hav
e th
e sa
me
phot
on a
tten
uatio
n; w
e ca
n re
cove
r the
und
erly
ing
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
mat
eria
l th
roug
h a
diffe
rent
ene
rgy
scan
(Hün
emoh
r et a
ll 20
14).
We
are
wor
king
on
this
by b
ack
calc
ulat
ing
a kn
own
mat
eria
l in
a sc
an to
test
the
accu
racy
of r
econ
stru
ctio
n w
ith d
ata
from
DEC
T.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 48
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Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ustin
Cum
min
gs
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
172
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
olor
ado
Scho
ol O
f Min
es
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
for p
hysic
s
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
enso
r Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Inf
rare
d Te
chno
logy
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. D
avid
Alle
n
Title
of T
alk:
M
icro
scen
e Gr
ave
Dete
ctio
n vi
a Hy
pers
pect
ral I
mag
ing
Abst
ract
: It
has b
een
dem
onst
rate
d th
at m
ass g
rave
site
s pro
duce
dist
inct
spec
tral
sign
atur
es in
a tr
opic
al m
oist
fore
st
envi
ronm
ent a
nd m
ay b
e lo
cate
d vi
a re
mot
e se
nsin
g (K
alcs
ka 2
009)
. I p
repa
red
six tr
ials
of fo
ur d
iffer
ent “
mic
ro-
scen
es”,
bot
h w
ith a
nd w
ithou
t bur
ied
prox
y m
eat,
to a
ttem
pt to
qua
ntify
the
signa
ture
of a
gra
ve si
te v
ersu
s a
false
gra
ve. D
irt, g
rass
, chi
a se
ed, a
nd sa
nd w
ere
chos
en to
refle
ct a
wid
e ra
nge
of e
nviro
nmen
tal s
ituat
ions
and
ge
rmin
atio
n ra
tes.
Usin
g a
stan
dard
hyp
ersp
ectr
al im
ager
, the
mea
n an
d pu
re v
eget
atio
n re
flect
ance
spec
tra
for
each
scen
e w
ere
reco
rded
ove
r the
cou
rse
of se
vera
l wee
ks, a
nd c
ompa
red
usin
g sp
ectr
al a
ngle
met
hods
. Ad
ditio
nally
, a q
uart
er-k
ilogr
am o
f pro
xy m
ater
ial w
as b
urie
d un
der s
ever
al in
ches
of s
oil,
with
gra
ss se
eds
plan
ted
on to
p, to
illu
stra
te th
e in
hibi
ting
effe
ct o
f dec
ayin
g pr
oxy
mea
t on
plan
t gro
wth
. Thr
ee re
flect
ance
st
anda
rds w
ere
also
ana
lyze
d to
hel
p as
socia
te a
n un
cert
aint
y w
ith th
e im
ager
use
d.
The
spec
tral
ang
le b
etw
een
a gr
ave
mea
n sp
ectr
a an
d its
cor
resp
ondi
ng fa
lse g
rave
mea
n sp
ectr
a w
as fo
und
to
incr
ease
ove
r tim
e, in
dica
ting
a gr
owin
g di
ffere
nce
betw
een
them
. The
spec
tral
ang
le b
etw
een
vege
tatio
n gr
own
in so
il w
ith p
roxy
mat
eria
l and
veg
etat
ion
grow
n in
soil
with
out i
t did
not
hav
e a
defin
ite tr
end
with
resp
ect t
o tim
e. F
or m
ost m
ean
spec
tra,
the
grav
e sit
e w
as fo
und
to h
ave
low
er re
flect
ance
val
ues i
n bo
th th
e vi
sible
regi
on
from
450
nm to
650
nm a
nd in
the
near
infr
a-re
d re
gion
from
800
nm to
110
0nm
. Thi
s im
plie
s a d
istin
ct sp
ectr
al
signa
ture
resu
lting
from
che
mic
al c
hang
es in
soil
and
diffe
renc
es in
the
amou
nt o
f veg
etat
ion
grow
n in
the
soil,
w
ith a
smal
ler i
mpa
ct d
ue to
cha
ngin
g pl
ant c
hem
istry
. It
was
also
obs
erve
d th
at th
e gr
ass g
row
n ab
ove
the
quar
ter-
kilo
of p
roxy
mat
eria
l was
sign
ifica
ntly
mor
e pa
le a
nd sh
orte
r tha
n th
e gr
ass g
row
n ab
ove
pure
soil.
The
se
resu
lts b
oth
pres
ent p
ossib
le sp
ectr
al in
dica
tors
of b
urie
d pr
oxy
mat
eria
l and
dem
onst
rate
the
utili
ty o
f de
velo
ping
mic
ro-s
cene
s in
orde
r to
stud
y th
e ca
pabi
lity
of lo
catin
g m
ass g
rave
s usin
g hy
pers
pect
ral i
mag
ing
in
diffe
rent
env
ironm
ents
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
dam
Dac
how
icz
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
131
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: T
he U
nive
rsity
of O
klah
oma
Maj
or: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Af
ter g
radu
atio
n, I
plan
to g
o on
to g
radu
ate
scho
ol a
nd p
ursu
e m
aste
r’s a
nd d
octo
ral
degr
ees i
n en
gine
erin
g N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy L
abor
ator
y, S
oftw
are
& S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on, C
yber
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Al
den
Dim
a
Title
of T
alk:
A
Com
para
tive
Asse
ssm
ent o
f the
LPV
Alg
orith
m fo
r Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e Ke
ywor
d Ex
trac
tion
Ab
stra
ct:
Keyw
ord
extr
actio
n fr
om la
rge
bodi
es o
f tex
t is u
sefu
l in
the
early
stag
es o
f bui
ldin
g da
taba
ses a
nd o
ntol
ogie
s ov
er th
e do
mai
n th
e te
xt co
vers
. M
any
met
hods
for k
eyw
ord
extr
actio
n ar
e bu
ilt o
n na
tura
l lan
guag
e pr
oces
sing
(NLP
), w
hich
allo
ws f
or p
rogr
amm
er-a
ided
com
pute
r ext
ract
ion.
In
this
proj
ect,
the
Lim
ited
Para
digm
atic
Va
riabi
lity
(LPV
) NLP
key
wor
d ex
trac
tion
met
hod
is ev
alua
ted
to d
eter
min
e if
it w
ill b
e ef
fect
ive
in g
ener
atin
g pr
elim
inar
y ke
ywor
ds c
onta
ined
in a
larg
e m
ater
ials
scie
nce
corp
us.
The
term
s ext
ract
ed c
an th
en b
e ve
tted
by
dom
ain
expe
rts d
urin
g th
e ea
rly st
ages
of o
ntol
ogy
cons
truc
tion.
The
qua
lity
of th
e ke
ywor
d ex
trac
tion,
then
, is
of p
artic
ular
inte
rest
. A
supe
rior m
etho
d w
ill p
rodu
ce m
ore
rele
vant
key
wor
ds, m
akin
g th
e jo
b of
fiel
d ex
pert
s ea
sier a
nd im
prov
ing
the
qual
ity o
f the
fina
l ont
olog
y. T
he e
ffici
ency
of t
he m
etho
d is
also
impo
rtan
t, sin
ce a
m
ore
effic
ient
met
hod
will
redu
ce th
e tim
e (a
nd c
ost)
of th
e pr
elim
inar
y st
eps i
n on
tolo
gy c
onst
ruct
ion.
Fo
r thi
s pro
ject
, we
wor
k w
ith a
cor
pus o
f sev
eral
thou
sand
mat
eria
ls sc
ienc
e pa
pers
, con
tain
ing
abou
t 20
mill
ion
wor
ds, a
nd a
im to
ext
ract
term
s use
ful f
or a
n on
tolo
gy re
leva
nt to
the
Mat
eria
ls Ge
nom
e In
itiat
ive
(MGI
). In
pa
rtic
ular
, we
eval
uate
the
LPV
met
hod
by c
ompa
ring
resu
lts to
the
wid
ely
used
term
freq
uenc
y-in
vers
e do
cum
ent f
requ
ency
(TF-
IDF)
met
hod,
taki
ng “
gold
stan
dard
” te
rms p
rodu
ced
by d
omai
n ex
pert
s to
be e
xam
ples
of
“tr
ue”
keyw
ords
. O
ther
met
rics l
ike
term
leng
th a
nd to
tal n
umbe
r of o
ccur
renc
es in
the
corp
us a
re a
lso
cons
ider
ed w
ith LP
V an
d TF
-IDF
scor
es w
hile
per
form
ing
clas
sific
atio
n w
ith th
e W
eka
mac
hine
lear
ning
softw
are
to se
e if
this
impr
oves
cor
rect
key
wor
d id
entif
icat
ion.
Thi
s ana
lysis
is c
arrie
d ou
t on
two
sepa
rate
doc
umen
t list
s:
the
full
corp
us, a
nd c
onco
rdan
ces b
uilt
arou
nd d
iffer
ent w
ord
stem
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 49
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Ale
xand
er D
ebre
cht
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
180
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: J
unia
ta C
olle
ge
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ap
plyi
ng to
Gra
duat
e Sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on, Q
uant
um P
roce
sses
an
d M
etro
logy
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Ga
rnet
t Bry
ant
Title
of T
alk:
De
scrib
ing
the
Qua
ntum
Cha
ract
er o
f Met
allic
Nan
opar
ticle
Pla
smon
s
Abst
ract
: N
anos
cale
tran
smiss
ion
of q
uant
um e
xcita
tions
in q
uant
um in
form
atio
n te
chno
logi
es m
ust p
rese
rve
the
quan
tum
ch
arac
ter o
f the
info
rmat
ion.
One
pro
pose
d re
aliza
tion
for n
anos
cale
qua
ntum
info
rmat
ion
tran
sfer
use
s hyb
rid
syst
ems o
f met
allic
nan
opar
ticle
s (M
NPs)
and
sem
icon
duct
or q
uant
um d
ots,
with
pla
smon
s in
MNP
s mov
ing
qubi
ts fr
om o
ne q
uant
um d
ot to
ano
ther
. A q
uant
um d
escr
iptio
n of
the
entir
e sy
stem
trea
ting
the
MNP
s and
qu
antu
m d
ots o
n an
equ
al fo
otin
g is
need
ed to
fully
acc
ount
for s
ize q
uant
izatio
n, q
uant
ized
plas
mon
s, c
oher
ent
coup
ling,
inte
rpar
ticle
tunn
elin
g, a
nd n
onlo
cal a
nd n
onlin
ear r
espo
nse.
To
achi
eve
this,
a q
uant
um d
escr
iptio
n of
th
e M
NPs i
s nee
ded.
A
varie
ty o
f stu
dies
hav
e ex
amin
ed th
e na
ture
of p
lasm
onic
exc
itatio
ns in
met
allic
nan
opar
ticle
s (M
NPs
). Ho
wev
er, m
ost o
f the
se st
udie
s hav
e be
en d
one
with
tim
e-de
pend
ent d
ensit
y fu
nctio
nal t
heor
y, w
hich
can
yie
ld
info
rmat
ion
on th
e na
ture
of t
he e
xcita
tions
but
not
the
quan
tum
cha
ract
er, i
nclu
ding
whe
ther
the
exci
tatio
ns a
re
ferm
ioni
c or
bos
onic
and
whe
ther
they
are
har
mon
ic o
scill
ator
-like
, as w
ell a
s the
cha
rge
dens
ities
for p
lasm
onic
st
ates
. Suc
h qu
antu
m in
form
atio
n is
nece
ssar
y to
bui
ld a
ccur
ate
mod
els f
or q
uant
ized
plas
mon
s in
MN
Ps. T
o be
gin
to a
ddre
ss th
ese
issue
s, w
e ha
ve e
xplo
red
simpl
e m
odel
s for
inte
ract
ing
elec
tron
s on
a lin
ear c
hain
. For
sh
ort c
hain
s, th
e ei
genm
odes
of t
he in
tera
ctin
g el
ectr
ons a
re fo
und
exac
tly. A
s exp
ecte
d, th
e gr
ound
stat
e sh
ows
a M
ott t
rans
ition
as t
he h
oppi
ng a
long
the
chai
n is
varie
d. F
or th
e re
gim
e w
here
the
inte
ract
ing
grou
nd st
ate
of
the
syst
em is
met
allic
, we
disc
uss i
nitia
l res
ults
that
ana
lyze
the
char
acte
r of t
he e
xcita
tions
. The
resu
lts a
re u
sed
to id
entif
y w
heth
er e
xcita
tions
are
ferm
ioni
c or
bos
onic
, whi
ch e
xcita
tions
are
col
lect
ive,
whi
ch a
re h
arm
onic
os
cilla
tor-
like,
and
whe
n no
nlin
ear e
ffect
s app
ear.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
amue
l Deg
raft
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Cu
rren
tly u
ndec
ided
, str
ongl
y co
nsid
erin
g pu
rsui
ng a
Mas
ter’s
deg
ree
follo
win
g gr
adua
tion.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory
(MM
L), M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Fu
nctio
nal P
olym
ers G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: N
icho
le N
ader
man
n, E
dwin
P. C
han
Title
of T
alk:
Ch
arac
teriz
ing
Tran
spor
t Pro
pert
ies i
n Bi
laye
r Mem
bran
es fo
r Nex
t-Gen
erat
ion
Desa
linat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy
Abst
ract
: M
ultil
ayer
mem
bran
es c
ompr
ised
of a
n ul
trat
hin,
sel
ectiv
e po
lyam
ide
laye
r at
op p
orou
s, m
echa
nica
l su
ppor
t la
yers
are
the
sta
te-o
f-the
-art
in w
ater
des
alin
atio
n. T
he f
ully
-aro
mat
ic, d
ense
pol
yam
ide
laye
r is
desig
ned
to
achi
eve
the
high
est
salt
reje
ctio
n w
hile
min
imizi
ng r
esist
ance
to
hydr
aulic
per
mea
tion.
To
deve
lop
futu
re
gene
ratio
ns o
f de
salin
atio
n m
embr
anes
, it
is cr
itica
l to
und
erst
and
the
mec
hani
sms
whi
ch c
ontr
ibut
e to
pe
rmea
bilit
y an
d se
lect
ivity
. Fro
m s
olut
ion-
diffu
sion
theo
ry, i
t is
know
n th
at t
he p
erfo
rman
ce d
epen
ds o
n th
e tr
ansp
ort
and
swel
ling
prop
ertie
s of
th
e po
lyam
ide
mem
bran
e,
ther
efor
e it
is im
port
ant
to
deve
lop
char
acte
rizat
ion
tech
niqu
es fo
r the
se p
rope
rtie
s.
In th
is w
ork,
we
use
a qu
artz
cry
stal
mic
roba
lanc
e w
ith d
issip
atio
n (Q
CM-D
), a
grav
imet
ric te
chni
que,
to m
easu
re
wat
er s
orpt
ion
beha
vior
in m
odel
pol
yam
ide
mem
bran
es.
By c
hara
cter
izing
the
se p
rope
rtie
s as
a f
unct
ion
of
rela
tive
hum
idity
, we
are
able
to o
btai
n in
form
atio
n ab
out t
he p
olym
er n
etw
ork
stru
ctur
e as
wel
l as
deve
lop
an
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
wat
er d
iffus
ion
with
in t
he m
embr
ane.
Ful
ly a
rom
atic
, m
odel
pol
yam
ide
mem
bran
es w
ere
fabr
icat
ed in
the
exp
erim
ents
usin
g a
nove
l mol
ecul
ar la
yer-
by-la
yer
(mLb
L) t
echn
ique
. In
this
tech
niqu
e, h
ighl
y cr
ossli
nked
pol
ymer
net
wor
ks a
re d
evel
oped
one
mol
ecul
ar la
yer a
t a ti
me
thro
ugh
sequ
entia
l and
inst
anta
neou
s re
actio
n of
two
mon
omer
s sol
utio
ns.
Usin
g th
e Q
CM-D
, w
e al
so s
tudy
the
effe
ct o
f a
hydr
oxyl
-ric
h co
atin
g on
the
pol
yam
ide
laye
r, a
surf
ace
mod
ifica
tion
that
is o
ften
use
d in
com
mer
cial
app
licat
ions
to m
itiga
te t
he e
ffect
s of
foul
ing.
The
coa
ting
acts
to
incr
ease
hyd
roph
ilici
ty a
t the
sur
face
as
wel
l as
proh
ibit
bact
eria
l gro
wth
. Whi
le s
urfa
ce m
odifi
catio
ns h
ave
been
w
idel
y in
vest
igat
ed f
or t
heir
anti-
foul
ing
prop
ertie
s, lit
tle w
ork
has
been
don
e to
und
erst
and
thei
r ef
fect
s on
tr
ansp
ort
prop
ertie
s an
d ov
eral
l mem
bran
e pe
rfor
man
ce. W
e in
vest
igat
e th
e ef
fect
of a
Pol
yvin
yl A
lcoh
ol (P
VA)
coat
ing
on t
he t
rans
port
and
sw
ellin
g be
havi
or a
nd q
uant
itativ
ely
inve
stig
ate
the
valid
ity o
f a
bila
yer
mas
s tr
ansp
ort m
odel
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 50
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Son
ia D
erm
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
135
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: T
he C
olle
ge o
f Will
iam
and
Mar
y M
ajor
: N
euro
scie
nce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, C
hem
ical
Sci
ence
s Div
ision
, Ch
emic
al In
form
atic
s Res
earc
h Gr
oup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Th
omas
Alli
son
Title
of T
alk:
3-
Dim
ensio
nal S
truc
ture
s for
the
NIS
T Ch
emist
ry W
ebBo
ok: M
y Jo
urne
y fr
om M
olec
ular
O
ptim
izatio
n to
Sel
f-Opt
imiza
tion
Ab
stra
ct:
The
NIS
T Ch
emist
ry W
ebBo
ok is
a fr
ee o
nlin
e da
taba
se o
f mol
ecul
es u
sed
by re
sear
cher
s, e
ngin
eers
, and
stud
ents
w
orld
wid
e. C
urre
ntly
, the
Web
Book
con
tain
s inf
orm
atio
n on
ove
r 110
,000
stru
ctur
es, v
aryi
ng fr
om c
hem
ical
na
mes
to g
as c
hrom
atog
ram
s. O
ur g
oal w
as to
enh
ance
the
Web
Book
by
optim
izing
25,
000
mol
ecul
es a
nd a
ddin
g th
e op
timize
d st
ruct
ures
to th
e da
taba
se.
Durin
g th
is pr
oces
s, w
e al
so v
erifi
ed se
vera
l for
ms o
f ide
ntifi
catio
n in
clud
ing
Inte
rnat
iona
l Uni
on o
f Pur
e an
d Ap
plie
d Ch
emist
ry (I
UPAC
) nom
encl
atur
e, c
hem
ical
form
ulae
, and
Ch
emic
al A
bstr
act S
ervi
ces (
CAS)
num
bers
. U
sing
Gaus
sian0
9, a
com
pute
r pro
gram
for q
uant
um ch
emist
ry, w
e ca
lcul
ated
che
mic
als’
opt
imize
d st
ruct
ures
, th
ereb
y de
term
inin
g th
e at
oms’
3-d
imen
siona
l coo
rdin
ates
in e
ach
mol
ecul
e. I
n or
der t
o co
mpu
te o
ptim
ized
stru
ctur
es, w
e ap
plie
d sim
ple
New
toni
an b
all-a
nd-s
prin
g m
odel
s (M
MFF
and
MM
2) a
nd p
rogr
esse
d to
com
plex
qu
antu
m m
echa
nica
l the
orie
s (PM
6 an
d B3
LYP)
. By
the
end
of th
e su
mm
er, w
e ho
pe to
hav
e co
mpu
ted
com
preh
ensiv
e 3-
dim
ensio
nal d
ata
on e
very
mol
ecul
e in
th
e W
ebBo
ok.
In th
e fu
ture
, the
se st
ruct
ures
can
be
used
as b
ases
for e
xper
imen
tal o
r the
oret
ical
rese
arch
. Th
e ne
t res
ult i
s an
enha
nced
Web
Book
con
tain
ing
mor
e th
orou
gh, d
iver
se, a
nd re
liabl
e da
ta.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: V
igne
sh D
hana
seka
ran
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
144
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Bal
timor
e Co
unty
M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to a
tten
d gr
adua
te sc
hool
for e
lect
rical
eng
inee
ring,
the
scho
ol is
cur
rent
ly
unde
cide
d.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Mas
s and
For
ce G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Pa
tric
k Ab
bott
Title
of T
alk:
Im
prov
emen
t of S
yste
mat
ic U
ncer
tain
ties i
n M
ass C
alib
ratio
n U
sing
Robo
tic C
ompa
rato
rs
Abst
ract
: Th
e N
IST
Mas
s and
For
ce G
roup
is re
spon
sible
for d
issem
inat
ing
the
unit
of m
ass,
the
kilo
gram
, to
the
U.S
. M
easu
rem
ent S
yste
m. T
his d
issem
inat
ion
is ac
com
plish
ed th
roug
h ca
libra
tion
of c
usto
mer
mas
s art
ifact
s with
NIS
T st
anda
rds t
hat a
re tr
acea
ble
to th
e In
tern
atio
nal S
yste
m o
f Uni
ts (S
I).
Wor
king
dow
n fr
om a
1 k
g st
anda
rd to
su
bmul
tiple
s typ
ical
ly in
volv
es m
anua
l pla
cem
ent o
f art
ifact
s ont
o de
licat
e m
ass c
ompa
rato
rs, i
ntro
duci
ng so
urce
s of
unc
erta
inty
due
to fl
uctu
atio
ns in
tem
pera
ture
, pre
ssur
e, h
umid
ity a
nd p
lace
men
t pos
ition
. By
aut
omat
ing
the
proc
ess w
ith ro
botic
s, th
e hu
man
-indu
ced
unce
rtai
ntie
s can
be
larg
ely
elim
inat
ed.
Trad
ition
al w
eigh
ing
desig
ns u
sed
to c
alib
rate
mas
ses f
rom
1 k
g to
1 m
g re
quire
the
plac
emen
t of u
p to
four
m
asse
s on
the
wei
ghin
g pa
n sim
ulta
neou
sly. H
owev
er, t
his t
ype
of d
esig
n ca
nnot
be
impl
emen
ted
on th
e N
IST
robo
tic c
ompa
rato
rs, a
s the
y ar
e re
stric
ted
to h
avin
g a
max
imum
of t
hree
mas
ses o
n th
e w
eigh
ing
pan
at a
ny g
iven
tim
e. T
o co
mpe
nsat
e fo
r thi
s res
tric
tion,
it w
as n
eces
sary
to d
evel
op n
ew w
eigh
ing
desig
ns th
at w
ould
allo
w th
e ro
bots
to c
alib
rate
the
subm
ultip
les w
ith n
o lo
ss o
f acc
urac
y or
incr
ease
in u
ncer
tain
ty.
The
NIS
T St
atist
ical
En
gine
erin
g Di
visio
n de
velo
ped
a pr
actic
al d
esig
n th
at w
ould
mee
t the
se re
quire
men
ts; m
easu
rem
ents
wer
e th
en
perf
orm
ed w
ith th
e ro
botic
com
para
tors
to te
st th
e ne
w w
eigh
ing
desig
ns a
gain
st re
sults
obt
aine
d by
trad
ition
al
man
ual m
ass c
ompa
rato
rs. T
est r
esul
ts a
t the
one
kilo
gram
leve
l ind
icat
e th
at th
e ro
botic
com
para
tors
diff
er fr
om
man
ual c
alib
ratio
ns b
y le
ss th
an 0
.010
mg,
whi
ch is
the
reso
lutio
n of
the
bala
nce.
The
stan
dard
dev
iatio
ns o
f the
ro
botic
mea
sure
men
ts a
bout
thei
r mea
ns w
ere
also
less
than
0.0
10 m
g.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 51
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ndre
w D
odd
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
079
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
assa
chus
etts
, Am
hers
t M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I w
ould
like
to g
o to
a g
radu
ate
scho
ol fo
r a b
ranc
h of
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Life
Cyc
les E
ngin
eerin
g Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Shaw
Fen
g, P
aul W
ither
ell
Title
of T
alk:
To
war
ds d
evel
opin
g co
mpo
sabi
lity
in m
odel
ing
and
simul
atio
n of
Add
itive
Man
ufac
turin
g Pr
oces
ses
Abst
ract
: Ad
ditiv
e M
anuf
actu
ring
(AM
) is e
mer
ging
as a
via
ble
solu
tion
for t
he c
reat
ion
of n
et sh
ape,
com
plex
par
ts w
ith a
sig
nific
antly
shor
ter l
ead
time.
Cut
ting
out t
he n
eed
for h
ighl
y sp
ecia
lized
man
ufac
turin
g to
ols,
dies
, and
mol
ds,
AM C
ompu
ter A
ided
Des
ign
(CAD
) too
ls al
low
us t
o ea
sily
mak
e de
sign
chan
ges i
n m
anuf
actu
red
part
s with
litt
le
to n
o in
crea
se in
cos
t or l
ead
time.
Whi
le A
M p
roce
sses
are
poi
sed
to re
volu
tioni
ze m
anuf
actu
ring
in a
eros
pace
, m
edic
al, d
enta
l and
man
y ot
her i
ndus
trie
s, th
ere
is st
ill m
uch
to b
e un
ders
tood
abo
ut th
e un
derly
ing
phys
ics
invo
lved
in th
ese
proc
esse
s.
The
focu
s of t
his p
roje
ct w
as o
n th
e m
etal
pow
der b
ed fu
sion
proc
ess,
spec
ifica
lly th
at o
f Sel
ectiv
e La
ser M
eltin
g (S
LM).
Desp
ite th
e ex
isten
ce o
f man
y di
ffere
nt m
odel
s and
sim
ulat
ions
of t
he la
ser h
eatin
g, m
eltin
g an
d co
olin
g pr
oces
s, no
ne o
f the
m a
ccur
atel
y sim
ulat
e th
e SL
M p
roce
ss in
its e
ntire
ty fr
om p
owde
r mat
eria
l pro
pert
ies (
as
wel
l as l
aser
, sca
nnin
g, a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal c
ontr
ol p
aram
eter
s) a
ll th
e w
ay to
fina
l mat
eria
l pro
pert
ies a
nd
defo
rmat
ions
. Tha
t is n
ot to
say
that
man
y sim
ulat
ions
are
not
com
ing
clos
e, b
ut n
o m
odel
acc
urat
ely
repr
esen
ts
ever
y fa
cet a
nd p
hysic
al p
heno
men
on o
f the
hig
hly
com
plex
, hea
ting,
mel
ting,
and
solid
ifica
tion
proc
esse
s. In
or
der t
o ad
dres
s thi
s iss
ue a
nd to
dev
elop
mor
e ad
apta
ble
mul
tisca
le m
odel
s, th
e re
sear
ch to
pic
of c
ompo
sabi
lity
has b
een
prop
osed
. To
dem
onst
rate
that
two
or m
ore
mod
els c
an b
e co
mpo
sabl
e, o
r int
egra
tabl
e an
d in
terc
hang
eabl
e, w
as th
e m
ain
goal
of t
his r
esea
rch.
Thi
s is b
eing
ach
ieve
d by
revi
ewin
g an
d an
alyz
ing
curr
ently
av
aila
ble
mod
els o
f SLM
and
sear
chin
g fo
r lin
ks b
etw
een
thei
r con
stra
ints
, inp
uts,
and
outp
uts i
n th
e ho
pe o
f id
entif
ying
com
plem
enta
ry m
odel
s. Id
eally
, ide
ntify
ing
area
s of c
ompo
sabi
lity
will
lead
to th
e de
velo
pmen
t of
mor
e hi
ghly
inte
grat
ed, a
ccur
ate,
and
reus
able
mod
els.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
leja
ndra
Dom
ingu
ez
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
117
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: F
lorid
a In
stitu
te o
f Tec
hnol
ogy
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I h
ope
to b
egin
my
care
er in
the
anim
atro
nics
or r
obot
ics i
ndus
try
once
I gr
adua
te.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Dat
a An
alyt
ics G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Suda
rsan
Rac
huri,
Seu
ng-Ju
ng S
hin
Title
of T
alk:
Da
ta P
repr
oces
sing
and
Char
acte
rizat
ion
for M
anuf
actu
ring
Pow
er D
ata
Abst
ract
: De
man
ds fo
r hig
h qu
ality
, pro
duct
ivity
, and
sust
aina
bilit
y ar
e sh
iftin
g th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
indu
stry
tow
ard
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Smar
t Man
ufac
turin
g Sy
stem
(SM
S). T
his i
nclu
des t
he a
pplic
atio
n of
adv
ance
d te
chno
logi
es, d
ata
anal
ytic
s, a
nd th
eir s
hare
d in
fras
truc
ture
in o
rder
to e
nabl
e ra
pid
optim
izatio
n an
d co
ntro
l for
ag
ility
, fle
xibi
lity,
and
ene
rgy
and
reso
urce
effi
cien
cy. D
ata
anal
ytic
s, th
e sc
ienc
e of
ana
lysis
of d
ata,
is a
key
co
mpo
nent
in S
mar
t Man
ufac
turin
g Sy
stem
s (SM
S) fo
r it e
nabl
es th
e da
ta se
t to
be b
ette
r rep
rese
nted
and
allo
ws
for c
lear
er in
fere
nces
to b
e m
ade
from
the
data
. The
firs
t ste
p in
dat
a an
alyt
ics i
s to
corr
ectly
pre
proc
ess t
he d
ata
and
char
acte
rize
it de
pend
ing
on it
s att
ribut
es. A
wel
l pro
cess
ed d
ata
set i
s im
port
ant b
ecau
se th
e m
achi
ne
lear
ning
per
form
ance
s are
dep
ende
nt o
f the
qua
lity
of th
e in
put d
atas
et. T
here
fore
it is
cru
cial
to c
orre
ctly
and
ac
cura
tely
filte
r, re
duce
, and
cha
ract
erize
the
man
ufac
turin
g da
ta th
at h
as b
een
acqu
ired.
Th
e pu
rpos
e of
this
proj
ect i
s to
deve
lop
a da
ta p
repr
oces
sing
and
char
acte
rizat
ion
logi
c m
odel
for a
mac
hine
’s
pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
durin
g m
etal
cut
ting
oper
atio
ns. T
he c
ores
of t
he lo
gic
are
to fi
lter n
oise
dat
a, re
stor
e m
issin
g da
ta, a
nd c
hara
cter
ize re
pres
enta
tive
valu
es fr
om ra
w p
ower
dat
a w
ithou
t los
ing
any
impo
rtan
t inf
orm
atio
n. A
pr
otot
ype
has b
een
impl
emen
ted
to v
alid
ate
the
logi
c an
d m
easu
re th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f the
logi
c w
ith u
se o
f the
M
atla
b pl
atfo
rm. T
he d
eliv
erab
le o
f thi
s pro
ject
can
con
trib
ute
to th
e de
velo
pmen
t of a
dat
a pr
epro
cess
or th
at
crea
tes a
bet
ter i
nput
dat
a se
t for
relia
ble
and
effic
ient
ana
lytic
s mod
elin
g in
man
ufac
turin
g da
ta a
naly
tics.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 52
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: N
ick
Du
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
and
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l in
Phys
ics
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Life
Cyc
le E
ngin
eerin
g Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Kevi
n Ly
ons
Title
of T
alk:
In
form
atio
n m
odel
s for
Sus
tain
able
Man
ufac
turin
g
Abst
ract
: Cu
rren
t met
hods
for a
sses
sing
the
sust
aina
bilit
y pe
rfor
man
ce o
f man
ufac
ture
d pr
oduc
ts d
o no
t acc
ount
for
man
ufac
turin
g sy
stem
s exp
licitl
y, a
nd la
ck a
n ef
fect
ive
met
hod
of c
ompa
ring
sust
aina
bilit
y of
diff
eren
t m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
esse
s. C
hara
cter
izing
a p
rodu
ctio
n pr
oces
s int
o a
serie
s of u
nit m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
esse
s (U
MPs
) is a
met
hodo
logy
that
allo
ws f
or p
ract
ical
com
paris
ons a
mon
g di
ffere
nt m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
esse
s.
Corr
espo
ndin
g U
MP
info
rmat
ion
mod
els a
re th
en d
evel
oped
for i
ndiv
idua
l uni
t man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
ses.
The
se
info
rmat
ion
mod
els w
ill, i
n tu
rn, e
nabl
e de
cisio
n su
ppor
t for
sust
aina
ble
man
ufac
turin
g.
To d
emon
stra
te th
e us
eful
ness
of s
uch
a m
etho
dolo
gy, a
serie
s of U
MPs
wer
e de
velo
ped
to c
hara
cter
ize a
pap
er
man
ufac
turin
g fa
cilit
y an
d a
pow
der m
etal
lurg
y m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
ess.
Usin
g a
phys
ics-
base
d ap
proa
ch, a
serie
s of
equ
atio
ns w
ere
used
to m
odel
mat
eria
l tra
nsfo
rma t
ions
for i
ndiv
idua
l UM
Ps w
ithin
the
faci
lity.
The
se
equa
tions
des
crib
e th
e pa
ram
eter
s inv
olve
d in
a g
iven
UM
P as
wel
l as t
he m
inim
um e
nerg
y re
quire
d fo
r the
m
ater
ial t
rans
form
atio
n. F
urth
er, I
DEF0
(Int
egra
ted
Com
pute
r Aid
ed M
anuf
actu
ring
DEFi
nitio
n fo
r Fun
ctio
n M
odel
ing)
mod
els w
ere
crea
ted
to si
mul
ate
the
pow
der m
etal
lurg
y pr
oces
s and
dem
onst
rate
the
UMP
met
hodo
logy
and
info
rmat
ion
mod
els f
or su
stai
nabl
e m
anuf
actu
ring.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Sha
yla
Mac
he D
unca
n G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H10
5 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Ala
bam
a St
ate
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Biol
ogy
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): O
btai
ning
a M
D/Ph
.D.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Bio
syst
ems a
nd B
iom
ater
ials
Divi
sion,
Ce
ll Sy
stem
s Sci
ence
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. S
hann
on H
anna
Title
of T
alk
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a S
tand
ard
Toxi
city
Ass
ay fo
r Nan
omat
eria
ls Us
ing
Caen
orha
bditi
s ele
gans
Abst
ract
: En
gine
ered
nan
omat
eria
ls (E
NM
s) a
re b
eing
inco
rpor
ated
into
con
sum
er p
rodu
cts a
s wel
l as i
n di
ffere
nt a
reas
of
indu
stry
due
to th
eir u
niqu
e pr
oper
ties.
Eve
n th
ough
EN
Ms h
ave
been
use
d in
pro
duct
s suc
h as
suns
cree
n, p
aint
s an
d co
atin
gs, r
esea
rch
is st
ill b
eing
con
duct
ed o
n th
e po
ssib
le to
xici
ty o
f the
se m
ater
ials
and
thei
r effe
cts o
n th
e en
viro
nmen
t. O
ur re
sear
ch fo
cuse
s on
eval
uatin
g th
e ef
fect
s of E
NM
s on
the
grow
th a
nd re
prod
uctio
n of
Ca
enor
habd
itis e
lega
ns b
y us
ing
the
inte
rnat
iona
l sta
ndar
d pr
otoc
ol 1
0872
. C. e
lega
ns a
re e
asy
to c
ultu
re,
repr
oduc
e ra
pidl
y an
d ha
ve a
shor
t life
cyc
le m
akin
g th
em id
eal m
odel
org
anism
s for
toxi
city
ass
essm
ent.
Addi
tiona
lly, a
stan
dard
toxi
city
ass
ay p
roto
col a
lread
y ex
ists f
or C
. ele
gans
(ISO
108
72),
how
ever
it d
oes n
ot
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
on te
stin
g EN
Ms,
whi
ch re
quire
spec
ial c
onsid
erat
ion.
Our
goa
l is t
o ad
apt t
his s
tand
ard
prot
ocol
for u
se w
ith E
NMs.
We
asse
ssed
diff
eren
t med
ia ty
pes,
feed
ing
met
hods
, and
cha
nges
to th
e po
sitiv
e co
ntro
l ben
zylc
etyl
dim
ethy
l am
mon
ium
chl
orid
e (B
AC-1
6). T
hese
mod
ifica
tions
will
aid
in re
duci
ng v
aria
bilit
y in
th
e to
xici
ty a
ssay
and
pro
vide
a st
anda
rd p
latfo
rm fo
r eva
luat
ing
the
pote
ntia
l tox
icity
of E
NM
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 53
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Kris
tina
Dung
an
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
177
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: D
eniso
n U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Phy
sics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to a
pply
to b
oth
Uni
vers
ity o
f Illi
nois
at U
rban
a-Ch
ampa
ign
and
Uni
vers
ity o
f Co
lora
do B
ould
er fo
r my
PhD
in P
hysic
s (co
ncen
trat
ion
AMO
/Qua
ntum
). M
y ca
reer
goa
l is
to w
ork
for t
he D
irect
orat
e of
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy
at th
e CI
A or
for a
noth
er a
rea
of
Nat
iona
l Sec
urity
. N
IST
Labo
rato
ry, D
ivis
ion,
an
d G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Qua
ntum
Opt
ics G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Adv
isor
: Dr
. Jos
hua
Bien
fang
Ti
tle o
f Tal
k:
Ultr
a Hi
gh S
peed
Ele
ctro
nics
for S
ingl
e-Ph
oton
Det
ectio
n in
Qua
ntum
Key
Dist
ribut
ion
Abst
ract
: Th
e fie
ld o
f qua
ntum
info
rmat
ion
is ve
ry d
iver
se in
its p
hysic
al im
plem
enta
tions
. It i
s hig
hly
adva
ntag
eous
whe
n it
com
es
to c
rypt
ogra
phy
beca
use
code
d in
form
atio
n se
nt in
this
man
ner i
s inh
eren
tly u
nbre
akab
le. T
his s
ecur
ity is
due
to th
e fa
ct
that
whe
n a
quan
tum
syst
em is
mea
sure
d, it
col
laps
es in
to o
ne sp
ecifi
c st
ate
and
dete
ctab
le ir
regu
larit
ies a
re p
rodu
ced
(Mon
roe
1164
). M
eani
ng th
at if
an
eave
sdro
pper
wer
e to
look
at t
he in
form
atio
n, th
eir a
ctio
ns c
an b
e de
tect
ed,
indi
catin
g th
at th
e in
form
atio
n is
not s
ecur
e. T
his i
s for
mal
ly k
now
n as
Qua
ntum
Key
Dist
ribut
ion.
One
com
mon
im
plem
enta
tion
of th
is fie
ld o
f Qua
ntum
Info
rmat
ion
uses
pol
arize
d sin
gle
phot
ons,
muc
h lik
e cl
assic
al in
form
atio
n ex
cept
inst
ead
of e
lect
roni
c 0s
and
1s,
vert
ical
and
hor
izont
al p
olar
izatio
n st
ates
of s
ingl
e ph
oton
s are
use
d to
enc
ode
info
rmat
ion.
Thi
s sum
mer
, my
rese
arch
focu
sed
on th
e de
tect
ion
of th
ese
phot
ons t
o im
prov
e ou
r abi
lity
to re
ceiv
e en
code
d m
essa
ges.
To a
dvan
ce th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f the
abo
ve m
etho
d, h
igh
effic
ienc
y sin
gle-
phot
on d
etec
tors
with
pre
cise
tim
ing
reso
lutio
n ar
e ne
cess
ary.
Fur
ther
mor
e, n
ot o
nly
is it
nece
ssar
y to
kno
w if
a p
hoto
n w
as d
etec
ted,
it is
also
nec
essa
ry to
re
cord
the
prec
ise a
rriv
al ti
me
of th
e ph
oton
s. To
acc
ompl
ish th
is, w
e ar
e cr
eatin
g a
time-
tagg
ing
syst
em w
ith 1
00
pico
seco
nd re
solu
tion
that
is c
apab
le o
f cou
ntin
g ph
oton
s at r
ates
abo
ve 5
00 M
Hz.
Curr
ently
, thi
s hig
h re
solu
tion
can
be
achi
eved
usin
g fie
ld p
rogr
amm
able
gat
e ar
rays
(FPG
As),
but t
his m
etho
d be
com
es im
prac
tical
as t
he c
ount
rate
in
crea
ses.
So,
we
are
now
crea
ting
a hi
gh-s
peed
circ
uit b
oard
with
an
inpu
t clo
ck o
f 10
GHz t
o ge
nera
te th
e hi
ghes
t re
solu
tion
time
tags
, com
bine
d w
ith a
n FP
GA to
kee
p tr
ack
of th
e de
tect
ion
even
ts o
ver l
onge
r per
iods
of t
ime.
The
ad
vant
age
of th
is ap
proa
ch is
that
the
arriv
al ti
me
of th
e ph
oton
is e
ncod
ed in
four
bits
dire
ctly
by
the
time
tagg
er a
nd
so w
e on
ly n
eed
four
con
nect
ions
to th
e FP
GA fo
r eac
h ch
anne
l of t
he si
ngle
pho
ton
dete
ctor
. Thi
s will
allo
w n
umer
ous
chan
nels
coun
ting
at 1
00s o
f MHz
with
100
pic
osec
ond
reso
lutio
n. T
o co
nstr
uct t
his n
ew d
etec
tor,
we
used
EAG
LE
Layo
ut E
dito
r to
desig
n a
prin
ted
circ
uit b
oard
that
we
will
ass
embl
e an
d te
st.
Mon
roe,
C.,
Kim
, J. (
2013
). Sc
alin
g th
e Io
n Tr
ap Q
uant
um P
roce
ssor
. Scie
nce,
339
(8 M
arch
), 11
64-1
169.
ht
tp:/
/ww
w.sc
ienc
emag
.org
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: E
van
Eise
nber
g G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I a
m in
tere
sted
in P
rodu
ct a
nd D
esig
n Co
nsul
ting.
I a
m in
tere
sted
in g
ettin
g m
y M
aste
rs in
M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
afte
r a c
oupl
e ye
ars i
n in
dust
ry
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Fire
Res
earc
h Di
visio
n, F
lam
mab
ility
Red
uctio
n Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. W
illia
m P
itts
Title
of T
alk:
Fl
amm
abili
ty R
educ
tion
in U
phol
ster
ed F
urni
ture
Abst
ract
: Th
e fo
ams a
nd fa
bric
s com
mon
ly u
sed
in u
phol
ster
ed fu
rnitu
re in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es a
re v
ery
flam
mab
le a
nd
alth
ough
onl
y 4%
of r
esid
entia
l fire
s orig
inat
e fr
om u
phol
ster
ed fu
rnitu
re, t
hese
fire
s acc
ount
for 2
5% o
f dam
ages
. To
pas
s the
cur
rent
flam
mab
ility
test
s, up
holst
ered
furn
iture
now
onl
y ne
eds t
o pa
ss a
fabr
ic sm
olde
ring
test
. Ho
wev
er, s
ome
of th
e cu
rren
t fab
rics,
like
the
ther
mal
pla
stic
ole
fin/p
olye
ster
mix
, beh
ave
very
wel
l in
smol
der
test
s but
per
form
bad
ly d
urin
g op
en fl
ame
test
s. T
he p
urpo
se o
f our
rese
arch
is to
exa
min
e th
e fir
e sp
read
rate
s in
uph
olst
ered
furn
iture
with
diff
eren
t com
bina
tions
of o
uter
fabr
ics,
barr
ier m
ater
ials,
with
and
with
out
poly
este
r fib
erfil
l wra
p, a
nd fo
ams.
To st
udy
how
the
mat
eria
ls be
have
d w
hen
com
bine
d, re
al-s
cale
moc
kups
of t
he v
ario
us m
ater
ial c
ombi
natio
ns
wer
e m
ade
by p
laci
ng fo
ur c
ushi
ons o
n a
met
al fr
ame
in th
e sh
ape
of a
cha
ir, w
hich
wer
e th
en ig
nite
d by
smal
l fla
me.
Vid
eos o
f the
test
s wer
e re
cord
ed fr
om v
ario
us d
irect
ions
. Us
ing
the
reco
rdin
gs, t
he b
ack
cush
ion
and
the
seat
cus
hion
wer
e ex
amin
ed in
divi
dual
ly to
stud
y th
e fir
e sp
read
’s ve
loci
ty.
To d
o so
, im
ages
wer
e ca
ptur
ed fr
om
the
vide
o at
var
ious
tim
es d
urin
g th
e fir
e sp
read
.
Usin
g Ph
otos
hop,
a g
rid w
as c
reat
ed to
line
up
with
the
cush
ion
bein
g an
alyz
ed a
nd st
anda
rdize
the
imag
es
rega
rdle
ss o
f mag
nific
atio
n an
d pr
ovid
e a
cons
isten
t mea
sure
men
t of a
rea.
The
imag
es w
ere
edite
d to
det
erm
ine
wha
t por
tion
of th
e cu
shio
n bu
rned
at t
hat t
ime.
By
inpu
ttin
g th
e ed
ited
imag
es a
nd th
e gr
id in
to a
Mat
hem
atic
a pr
ogra
m, t
he e
dite
d im
ages
wer
e an
alyz
ed to
det
erm
ine
the
fire
spre
ad ra
te.
Alth
ough
the
proj
ect i
s stil
l con
tinui
ng, s
ome
conc
lusio
ns h
ave
alre
ady
been
mad
e. I
t is c
lear
that
cot
ton
fabr
ic’s
ch
arrin
g be
havi
or c
ause
s it t
o be
muc
h m
ore
fire
resis
tant
than
the
olef
in/p
olye
ster
mix
. Cu
shio
ns w
ith c
otto
n fa
bric
bur
n m
uch
slow
er a
nd b
ette
r pro
tect
the
very
flam
mab
le fo
am c
omm
only
use
d in
uph
olst
ered
furn
iture
. Th
e th
erm
al p
last
ic o
lefin
/pol
yest
er fa
bric
tend
s to
peel
aw
ay fr
om th
e fir
e, e
xpos
ing
the
fillin
g m
ater
ials
foam
, le
adin
g to
a h
ighe
r fire
spre
ad ra
te.
It ha
s also
bee
n fo
und
that
Nor
fab
barr
iers
, a m
ixtu
re o
f Kev
lar a
nd B
asof
il fib
ers,
gre
atly
inhi
bit f
ire sp
read
as i
t pre
vent
s the
flam
es a
nd th
e he
at fr
om re
achi
ng th
e fo
am.
How
ever
, nyl
on
zippe
rs th
at w
ere
used
in th
e cu
shio
n ar
e a
very
wea
k po
int.
If th
e fir
e re
ache
d th
e zip
per,
it w
as o
bser
ved
to
pene
trat
e th
e ba
rrie
r. In
add
ition
, it h
as b
een
foun
d th
at a
type
of f
oam
man
ufac
ture
d in
Gre
at B
ritai
n, w
hich
has
a
mor
e st
ringe
nt fu
rnitu
re fl
amm
abili
ty re
gula
tion,
con
tain
s a la
rge
amou
nt o
f fire
reta
rdan
t whi
ch w
as
cons
ider
ably
mor
e ef
fect
ive
in sl
owin
g th
e fir
e sp
read
rate
ove
r bot
h fa
bric
type
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 54
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
yed
Sam
iul E
lahi
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Maj
or: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Rece
nt G
radu
ate
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to w
ork
at a
fede
ral r
esea
rch
agen
cy li
ke N
IST
and
take
eve
ning
cla
sses
in a
gra
duat
e sc
hool
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry, E
nerg
y an
d En
viro
nmen
t Div
ision
, HV
AC&
R Eq
uipm
ent P
erfo
rman
ce G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Har
rison
Sky
e
Title
of T
alk:
A
New
and
Inno
vativ
e W
ay to
Con
duct
Unc
erta
inty
Ana
lyse
s on
HVAC
&R
Equi
pmen
t!
Abst
ract
: In
Hea
ting
Vent
ilatio
n, A
ir Co
nditi
onin
g an
d Re
frig
erat
ion
(HVA
C&R)
fiel
d, h
eat p
ump
and
air c
ondi
tioni
ng
equi
pmen
t are
rate
d ac
cord
ing
to S
easo
nal E
nerg
y Ef
ficie
ncy
Ratio
(SEE
R), w
hich
qua
ntifi
es th
e en
ergy
con
sum
ed
by th
e eq
uipm
ent w
hile
pro
vidi
ng sp
ace
cond
ition
ing.
The
se p
erfo
rman
ce e
valu
atio
ns a
re c
ondu
cted
thro
ugh
the
met
hods
des
crib
ed in
the
stan
dard
s of t
he A
ir-co
nditi
onin
g, H
eatin
g, a
nd R
efrig
erat
ion
Inst
itute
(AHR
I). A
ccor
ding
to
the
AHRI
stan
dard
s, h
igh
qual
ity te
st re
sults
are
ach
ieve
d by
usin
g un
cert
aint
y an
alys
es fo
r the
sele
ctio
n of
ap
prop
riate
sens
ors t
o m
easu
re sy
stem
tem
pera
ture
s, pr
essu
res,
volu
met
ric fl
ow ra
tes,
and
ele
ctric
al e
nerg
y co
nsum
ptio
ns. T
he S
EER
calc
ulat
ion
and
rela
ted
unce
rtai
nty
anal
yses
can
be
time-
cons
umin
g an
d ex
pens
ive;
th
eref
ore,
NIS
T is
deve
lopi
ng a
softw
are
tool
that
will
ass
ist th
e HV
AC&
R in
dust
ry to
per
form
thes
e co
mpu
tatio
ns.
The
SEER
cal
cula
tion
uses
bot
h st
eady
stat
e an
d cy
clic
per
form
ance
dat
a fo
r a p
artic
ular
pie
ce o
f equ
ipm
ent.
The
st
eady
stat
e da
ta d
escr
ibe
the
equi
pmen
t cap
acity
and
effi
cien
cy a
t a sp
ecifi
ed se
t of o
pera
ting
cond
ition
s, w
here
th
e eq
uipm
ent i
s giv
en u
nlim
ited
time
to a
chie
ve st
eady
ope
ratio
n. C
onve
rsel
y, th
e cy
clic
dat
a ca
ptur
e tr
ansie
nt
perf
orm
ance
of t
he sy
stem
rela
ted
to sw
itchi
ng th
e eq
uipm
ent o
n an
d of
f. Th
e cy
clic
per
form
ance
is c
aptu
red
by
a Cy
clic
Deg
rada
tion
Coef
ficie
nt (
) th
at d
escr
ibes
the
redu
ctio
n in
syst
em c
apac
ity d
urin
g tr
ansie
nt o
pera
tion.
Th
e eq
uatio
ns u
sed
to c
alcu
late
an
d SE
ER v
alue
s are
solv
ed u
sing
the
Engi
neer
ing
Equa
tion
Solv
er (E
ES)
softw
are
pack
age.
The
softw
are
is fu
rthe
r use
d to
com
pute
the
unce
rtai
nty
in
and
SEE
R, in
clud
ing
met
rics t
hat
iden
tify
the
mea
sure
men
ts th
at m
ost s
igni
fican
tly c
ontr
ibut
e to
the
over
all u
ncer
tain
ty (i
.e. w
hich
of t
he
tem
pera
ture
, airf
low
, dew
poi
nt, p
ress
ure
mea
sure
men
ts re
quire
hig
h ac
cura
cy to
ach
ieve
a lo
w o
vera
ll un
cert
aint
y in
the
SEER
cal
cula
tion)
. The
unc
erta
intie
s in
a
nd S
EER
depe
nd b
oth
on se
nsor
unc
erta
inty
as w
ell
as te
st re
peat
abili
ty; p
art o
f thi
s ana
lysis
will
det
erm
ine
the
rela
tive
impo
rtan
ce o
f the
two
sour
ces o
f unc
erta
inty
. Th
e de
liver
able
from
this
proj
ect i
s a se
t of E
ES c
ode
that
cal
cula
tes
and
SEE
R va
lues
and
thei
r res
pect
ive
unce
rtai
ntie
s. T
hese
cal
cula
tions
and
unc
erta
inty
resu
lts a
re th
en g
oing
to b
e ad
ded
to o
ther
unc
erta
inty
ana
lyse
s to
com
plet
e th
e so
ftw
are
tool
. Fin
ally
, the
com
plet
e so
ftw
are
tool
will
be
mad
e av
aila
ble
to th
e HV
AC&
R in
dust
ry.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
ohn
Eplin
g G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H15
9 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Pur
due
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Do
ctor
ate
Degr
ee in
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Di
visio
n,
Poly
mer
s and
Com
plex
Flu
ids G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Je
ffrey
Gilm
an
Title
of T
alk:
M
echa
nica
l Pro
pert
ies C
hara
cter
izatio
n of
Uni
axia
lly A
ligne
d Ce
llulo
se N
ano-
crys
tal F
ilms
Util
izing
Buc
klin
g St
abili
ties
Abst
ract
: Ce
llulo
se is
a p
olys
acch
arid
e-ba
sed
biop
olym
er th
at se
rves
as t
he st
ruct
ural
fram
ewor
k of
cel
l wal
ls fo
und
in
plan
ts, t
rees
, alg
ae, t
unic
ates
, and
a se
lect
num
ber o
f bac
teria
l spe
cies
. The
se c
ellu
lose
mac
rom
olec
ules
org
anize
in
to c
ryst
als w
hich
then
arr
ange
into
lam
ella
r fib
rils w
ith a
n ax
ial s
tiffn
ess o
f up
to 1
30 G
Pa. D
ue to
thei
r dur
abili
ty
and
exce
ptio
nal m
echa
nica
l pro
pert
ies,
cel
lulo
se n
ano-
crys
tals
(CN
C), o
nce
abst
ract
ed fr
om th
e fib
ril n
etw
ork,
can
be
isol
ated
for u
se in
bio
degr
adab
le n
ano-
com
posit
es, o
rgan
ic e
lect
roni
c m
ater
ials,
and
bio
mat
eria
ls ap
plic
atio
ns.
CNC
thin
film
s hav
e be
en d
emon
stra
ted
as e
ffect
ive
prot
ectiv
e co
atin
gs d
ue to
thei
r mec
hani
cal a
nd o
ptic
al
prop
ertie
s. T
he m
echa
nica
l pro
pert
ies o
f CN
C th
in fi
lms,
spec
ifica
lly th
e Yo
ung’
s Mod
ulus
, can
be
enha
nced
by
unia
xial
alig
nmen
t of t
he C
NC
crys
tals
via
shea
r cas
ting
from
CN
C-w
ater
susp
ensio
ns. U
niax
ial a
lignm
ent o
f CN
C w
ithin
thes
e fil
ms c
reat
es a
niso
trop
ic m
echa
nica
l pro
pert
ies t
hat a
re sh
own
to p
eak
whe
n m
easu
red
in th
e sh
earin
g di
rect
ion.
How
ever
, a m
easu
rem
ent t
echn
ique
still
nee
ds to
be
addr
esse
d to
cha
ract
erize
the
Youn
g’s
The
Youn
g’s M
odul
us fo
r orie
nted
and
rand
omly
alig
ned
CNC
thin
film
s was
cha
ract
erize
d us
ing
the
stra
in-in
duce
d el
astic
buc
klin
g in
stab
ility
for m
echa
nica
l mea
sure
men
t (SI
EBIM
M) t
echn
ique
. Suf
ficie
nt a
dhes
ion
and
sub-
mic
rom
eter
film
thic
knes
s val
ues w
ere
cruc
ial f
or p
rope
r buc
klin
g an
d m
echa
nica
l cha
ract
eriza
tion
for b
oth
orie
nted
and
rand
omly
alig
ned
CNC
thin
film
s. S
ampl
e pr
epar
atio
n fo
r SIE
BIM
M in
volv
ed a
ffixi
ng a
sub-
mic
rom
eter
CN
C th
in fi
lm o
nto
a th
ick,
ela
stom
eric
pol
ydim
ethy
lsilo
xane
(PDM
S) su
bstr
ate
via
spin
coa
ting
and
flow
coa
ting.
Sev
eral
key
par
amet
ers w
ere
expl
ored
to o
ptim
ize a
dhes
ion
and
min
imize
film
thic
knes
s inc
ludi
ng
CNC
conc
entr
atio
n in
dist
illed
wat
er, w
ater
-eth
anol
co-
solv
ent m
ixin
g ra
tios,
spin
spee
d, d
raw
ing
rate
, spi
n co
atin
g du
ratio
n, a
nd p
lasm
a tr
eatm
ent t
ime.
Whi
le a
pply
ing
com
pres
sion,
whi
te li
ght i
nter
fero
met
ry re
ferr
ed to
as
opt
ical
pro
lifom
etry
, was
em
ploy
ed to
det
erm
ine
the
wrin
kle
wav
elen
gth
and
film
thic
knes
s. Th
e el
astic
m
odul
us o
f PDM
S (m
easu
red
inde
pend
ently
) alo
ng w
ith th
e ca
lcul
ated
wrin
kle
wav
elen
gth
and
film
thic
knes
s va
lues
wer
e us
ed to
cal
cula
te Y
oung
’s M
odul
us o
f the
CN
C th
in fi
lm a
t diff
eren
t ang
les w
ith re
spec
t to
the
shea
ring
dire
ctio
n. F
inal
ly, e
xper
imen
tatio
n sh
owed
that
stiff
ness
val
ues w
ere
grea
ter i
n th
e sh
eare
d ax
ial
dire
ctio
n as
opp
osed
to th
e tr
ansv
erse
dire
ctio
n vi
a flo
w c
oatin
g. P
rope
r im
plem
enta
tion
of a
niso
trop
ic C
NC
thin
fil
ms f
or e
lect
roni
c an
d co
atin
g ap
plic
atio
ns re
quire
s a th
orou
gh u
nder
stan
ding
of t
he e
ffect
s of m
icro
stru
ctur
e m
orph
olog
y an
d its
impa
ct o
n m
echa
nica
l pro
pert
ies a
nd d
evic
e pe
rfor
man
ce.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 55
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: G
ary
Euric
e G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
4
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Bal
timor
e Co
unty
M
ajor
: Ch
emic
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
5th Y
ear S
enio
r
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
con
tinue
edu
catio
n at
UM
BC to
ear
n a
Mas
ter’s
Deg
ree
in C
hem
ical
Eng
inee
ring.
De
batin
g w
heth
er to
find
an
indu
stria
l pos
ition
afte
rwar
ds o
r con
tinue
tow
ards
a P
h.D.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry, M
ater
ials
& S
truc
tura
l Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Po
lym
eric
Mat
eria
ls Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Xiao
hong
Gu,
Pet
er K
rom
men
hoek
Title
of T
alk:
An
alys
is of
Fac
tors
in P
hoto
volta
ic E
VA D
egra
datio
n
Abst
ract
: Th
e us
e of
pho
tovo
ltaic
(PV)
pro
duct
s, su
ch a
s sol
ar p
anel
s, h
as e
xper
ienc
ed a
trem
endo
us g
row
th in
rece
nt y
ears
. As
a r
esul
t, co
ncer
n to
war
ds t
heir
relia
bilit
y an
d sa
fety
has
also
rise
n. P
V m
odul
es a
re o
ften
oper
ated
in h
arsh
co
nditi
ons,
such
as
heat
, m
oist
ure,
and
ultr
avio
let
radi
atio
n, t
here
fore
, lo
ng-t
erm
rel
iabi
lity
of P
V m
odul
es
rem
ains
one
of
the
field
’s gr
eate
st c
halle
nges
. Pol
ymer
ic m
ater
ials
have
bec
ome
com
mon
plac
e fo
r us
e as
an
enca
psul
ant
in p
hoto
volta
ic c
ells
to p
rovi
de m
echa
nica
l, di
elec
tric
and
moi
stur
e pr
otec
tion
for
the
silic
on
com
pone
nt. O
ne s
uch
mat
eria
l tha
t is
bein
g ab
unda
ntly
use
d is
ethy
lene
vin
yl a
ceta
te (E
VA),
a co
poly
mer
that
is
know
n fo
r its
cos
t effe
ctiv
enes
s in
the
phot
ovol
taic
fiel
d. In
ser
vice
env
ironm
ents
, the
seve
re e
xpos
ure
cond
ition
s ca
n ca
use
the
EVA
mat
eria
l to
degr
ade
whi
ch a
lso re
sults
in a
yel
low
ing
effe
ct. T
his d
egra
datio
n ge
nera
lly a
ppea
rs
alon
g w
ith d
elam
inat
ion,
cor
rosio
n an
d a
decr
ease
in so
lar m
odul
e ef
ficie
ncy,
resu
lting
in u
ltim
ate
mod
ule
failu
re.
Ther
e ar
e m
any
diffe
rent
fact
ors
that
can
affe
ct th
e de
grad
atio
n ra
te o
f EVA
incl
udin
g U
V lig
ht in
tens
ity, r
elat
ive
hum
idity
, for
mul
atio
n ty
pe, o
xyge
n di
ffusiv
ity, a
nd m
odul
e ge
omet
ry.
In t
his
proj
ect,
the
indi
vidu
al e
ffect
s of
th
ese
fact
ors
on m
odel
EVA
mod
ules
wer
e st
udie
d. U
sing
the
NIS
T SP
HERE
(Sim
ulat
ed P
hoto
degr
adat
ion
via
High
En
ergy
Rad
iant
Exp
osur
e), t
hese
mod
ules
wer
e su
bjec
ted
to U
V ex
posu
re a
t se
rvic
e co
nditi
ons.
Thr
ee d
iffer
ent
EVA
form
ulat
ions
, den
oted
A, B
, and
E, w
ere
exam
ined
as
wel
l as
two
diffe
rent
mod
ule
geom
etrie
s: a
circ
ular
19
mm
dia
met
er m
odul
e an
d a
50 m
m x
50
mm
squ
are
shap
ed m
odul
e. In
add
ition
, whi
le e
xpos
ure
tem
pera
ture
s w
ere
kept
con
stan
t at 8
0°C,
exp
osur
e w
as p
erfo
rmed
at o
ne o
f tw
o re
lativ
e hu
mid
ity le
vels:
0%
or 6
0%. C
erta
in
mod
ules
wer
e al
so e
xpos
ed to
var
ious
leve
ls of
UV
inte
nsity
. Aft
er e
ach
expo
sure
, mea
sure
men
ts w
ere
take
n on
a
UV/
Vis/
NIR
spe
ctro
met
er to
obt
ain
quan
titat
ive
estim
ates
of d
iscol
orat
ion.
The
Ram
an s
pect
ra w
ere
obta
ined
on
the
sam
e sa
mpl
es fo
r com
plem
enta
ry c
hem
ical
info
rmat
ion.
Pre
limin
ary
resu
lts h
ave
show
n th
at fo
rmul
atio
n ty
pe
and
mod
ule
geom
etry
hav
e a
maj
or e
ffect
on
the
EVA
degr
adat
ion
rate
whi
le th
e ef
fect
of h
umid
ity w
as p
rese
nt
but n
ot a
s sig
nific
ant.
In a
dditi
on, e
vide
nce
of p
hoto
blea
chin
g, a
n ef
fect
cau
sed
by o
xyge
n di
ffusio
n th
at re
vers
es
the
yello
win
g ef
fect
of E
VA d
egra
datio
n, w
as o
bser
ved
on th
e ed
ges o
f the
squa
re m
odul
es.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
ryan
Eye
rs
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
129
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
ichi
gan
Maj
or:
Nuc
lear
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: 1st
Yea
r Gra
duat
e Sc
hool
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
nive
rsity
of M
ichi
gan
– Nu
clea
r Eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, O
pera
tions
and
Eng
inee
ring
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Bob
Will
iam
s, M
ike
Mid
dlet
on
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e Ef
fect
s of S
him
Arm
Dep
letio
n an
d Xe
non
Build
up o
n Es
timat
ed C
ritic
al P
ositi
ons i
n N
BSR
for N
ew- a
nd M
id-C
ycle
Sta
rtup
s Ab
stra
ct:
The
NCN
R la
bora
tory
at N
IST
host
s ove
r 250
0 gu
est r
esea
rche
rs a
nd sc
ient
ists e
ach
year
to u
tilize
the
NSB
R re
acto
r and
att
ache
d fa
cilit
ies.
Thu
s, sm
all m
iscal
cula
tions
of s
tart
up re
activ
ity c
an re
sult
in si
gnifi
cant
fina
ncia
l an
d te
mpo
ral c
osts
to b
oth
NIS
T an
d its
gue
sts.
The
goa
l of t
his p
roje
ct w
as to
dev
elop
a m
ore
relia
ble
proc
edur
e th
at a
llow
s ope
rato
rs to
qui
ckly
and
acc
urat
ely
asse
ss st
artu
p re
activ
ity re
quire
men
ts o
ver a
wid
e ra
nge
of c
ore
cond
ition
s thr
ough
hist
oric
al d
ata
anal
ysis
and
by e
xplo
iting
rece
ntly
impr
oved
com
pute
r sim
ulat
ions
of t
he N
BSR.
In c
onve
ntio
nal n
ucle
ar re
acto
rs, r
eact
or c
ritic
ality
is d
eter
min
ed b
y th
e co
ncen
trat
ion
of n
eutr
on e
mitt
ers a
nd
neut
ron
poiso
ns in
the
core
. In
the
NBS
R, th
e pr
imar
y ne
utro
n em
itter
is fi
ssio
n in
the
U-2
35 fu
el, a
nd it
s maj
or
poiso
ns a
re fo
ur m
ovab
le re
acto
r shi
m a
rms a
nd th
e in
-cor
e co
ncen
trat
ion
of X
e-13
5, a
n iso
tope
com
mon
ly
prod
uced
by
fissio
n. U
nder
stan
ding
the
depl
etio
n or
bui
ldup
rate
of e
ach
fact
or is
cru
cial
– b
oth
in d
eter
min
ing
whe
ther
the
reac
tor i
s cap
able
of s
tart
ing
up, a
nd w
hen
estim
atin
g th
e cr
itica
l pos
ition
of t
he sh
im a
rms r
equi
red
to d
o so
. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, a
s Xe-
135
build
s up
afte
r a re
acto
r shu
tdow
n, it
can
pre
vent
the
rest
art o
f NBS
R at
any
sh
im a
ngle
for 2
4-36
hrs
unt
il su
ffici
ently
rem
oved
by
radi
oact
ive
deca
y (t
1/2 ~
9.1
h).
Th
e re
activ
ity d
eple
tion
of th
e U
-235
fuel
was
eva
luat
ed in
a M
onte
Car
lo n
eutr
on tr
ansp
ort p
rogr
am c
alle
d M
CNP
usin
g de
plet
ion
data
pro
vide
d by
Bro
okha
ven
Natio
nal L
abor
ator
y; a
pat
tern
was
det
erm
ined
in th
e de
plet
ion
rate
of t
he sh
im a
rms b
y ev
alua
ting
the
mos
t rec
ent 1
5 ye
ars o
f ope
ratio
nal l
ogs;
and
the
time-
depe
nden
t Xe-
135
conc
entr
atio
n w
as so
lved
ana
lytic
ally
and
ver
ified
by
an it
erat
ive
met
hod.
A p
roce
dure
w
as d
evel
oped
to e
stim
ate
criti
cal s
him
pos
ition
s bas
ed o
n th
e cy
cle
num
ber,
unco
nven
tiona
l fue
l loa
ding
, the
co
re in
let t
empe
ratu
re, t
he p
ositi
on o
f the
regu
latin
g ro
d, a
nd th
e tim
e sin
ce sh
utdo
wn.
It w
as v
erifi
ed u
sing
over
10
0 hi
stor
ical
star
tups
with
an
aver
age
shim
pos
ition
err
or o
f 0.4
4 de
gree
s, a
nd a
stan
dard
dev
iatio
n of
0.3
0 de
gree
s, o
ver a
41
degr
ee ra
nge.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 56
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
ames
Fal
lon
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
116
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
UN
Y Ci
ty C
olle
ge
Maj
or:
Elec
tric
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to g
et a
gra
duat
e de
gree
in E
lect
rical
Eng
inee
ring
and
then
wor
k on
opt
oele
ctro
nics
or
the
smar
t grid
. I w
ant t
o im
prov
e ho
w e
lect
ricity
is g
ener
ated
or d
istrib
uted
. N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Phys
ical
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Qua
ntum
Mea
sure
men
t Div
ision
, Ap
plie
d El
ectr
ical
Met
rolo
gy G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Ric
hard
Ste
iner
Title
of T
alk:
Au
tom
atin
g th
e Ca
libra
tion
of D
MM
Cal
ibra
tors
and
Nav
igat
ion
Syst
ems
Abst
ract
: M
y ob
ject
ives
as a
n in
tern
in th
e Di
gita
l Mul
timet
er a
nd P
hase
Met
er C
alib
ratio
n La
bora
tory
are
to fa
cilit
ate
the
proc
ess o
f cal
ibra
ting
a di
gita
l mul
tifun
ctio
n ca
libra
tor,
use
optic
al c
hara
cter
reco
gniti
on to
read
a V
HF
Om
nidi
rect
iona
l Ran
ge (V
OR)
, and
com
pres
s sen
sor d
ata.
The
labo
rato
ry c
alib
rate
s cus
tom
er st
anda
rd
mul
timet
ers a
nd p
hase
met
ers u
sing
mea
sure
men
ts o
f res
istan
ce, D
C cu
rren
t, DC
vol
tage
, and
the
phas
e an
gle
betw
een
signa
ls. I
perf
orm
ed m
easu
rmen
ts o
n a
1000
:1 re
sisto
r div
ider
brid
ge th
at is
use
d to
scal
e fr
om a
10
volt
refe
renc
e to
100
0 vo
lts. M
y m
easu
rem
ents
agr
eed
wel
l with
a m
ore
auto
mat
ed m
etho
d. R
esist
ors a
re u
sed
for
calib
ratin
g th
e m
ultif
unct
ion
calib
rato
r. Its
cal
ibra
tion
rout
ine
was
ada
pted
to c
ontr
ol a
new
low
ther
mal
mat
rix
scan
ner a
nd g
ive
it th
e ab
ility
to se
lect
and
use
any
resis
tor a
ttac
hed
to th
e sc
anne
r. W
ires w
ere
mad
e fo
r the
sc
anne
r, bu
t the
upd
ated
pro
gram
has
not
yet
bee
n te
sted
. Th
e VO
R la
cks a
GPI
B or
any
com
pute
r int
erfa
ce. V
OR
calib
ratio
n ca
n be
impr
oved
by
crea
ting
a pr
ogra
m w
hich
re
ads i
ts d
ispla
y. T
he V
OR
is a
radi
o na
viga
tion
syst
em th
at m
easu
res t
he p
hase
diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
two
signa
ls. I
mad
e an
exi
stin
g pr
ogra
m c
ompa
tible
with
two
web
cam
s, to
read
two
met
ers.
To
impr
ove
accu
racy
, the
cap
abili
ty
to u
se tw
o fo
nts i
s bei
ng a
dded
. One
font
is c
reat
ed u
sing
web
cam
imag
es a
nd th
e ot
her i
s ver
y m
inim
alist
ic.
Char
acte
rs w
ill b
e re
ad u
sing
a di
ffere
nt m
etric
for e
ach
font
. The
read
ings
will
be
inco
rpor
ated
into
the
VOR
calib
ratio
n pr
ogra
m a
t req
uire
d tim
e in
terv
als.
O
ur m
easu
rem
ents
are
influ
ence
d by
tem
pera
ture
, so
calib
ratio
n or
cer
tific
atio
n re
quire
s rec
ordi
ng te
mpe
ratu
re
data
. Sen
sors
col
lect
dat
a ev
ery
min
ute,
but
that
deg
ree
of te
mpo
ral r
esol
utio
n is
not n
eede
d. A
sum
mar
y of
te
mpe
ratu
re a
nd re
lativ
e hu
mid
ity d
ata
was
cre
ated
usin
g a
cust
om fi
lter t
hat e
limin
ated
dat
a po
ints
at t
imes
w
hen
the
data
had
low
var
ianc
e.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: N
icol
e Fa
mul
aro
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
167
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: M
onm
outh
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or: A
dvan
ced
Chem
istry
& C
hem
ical
Ph
ysic
s Dou
ble
Maj
or
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I a
m p
lann
ing
to p
ursu
e a
PhD
in C
hem
istry
or C
hem
ical
Eng
inee
ring.
I as
pire
to c
ontin
ue
doin
g re
sear
ch a
t a n
atio
nal l
abor
ator
y af
ter g
radu
ate
scho
ol.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Di
visio
n,
Poly
mer
s and
Com
plex
Flu
ids G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Pau
l Sal
ipan
te
Title
of T
alk:
pH
Dep
ende
nce
of C
ollo
id S
urfa
ce In
tera
ctio
ns in
Cha
rged
Dep
letio
n Sy
stem
s
Abst
ract
: Co
lloid
al sy
stem
s are
a m
ajor
com
pone
nt o
f our
wor
ld, a
nd c
an b
e ob
serv
ed in
vas
tly d
iffer
ent e
nviro
nmen
ts.
From
inan
imat
e ob
ject
s suc
h as
ink,
cos
met
ics,
milk
, jel
ly, d
eter
gent
s, a
nd a
eros
ols,
to b
iolo
gica
l mat
eria
ls su
ch a
s bl
ood,
cel
ls, p
rote
ins,
and
pro
topl
asm
. Bec
ause
the
maj
ority
bio
logi
cal s
yste
ms a
re c
ollo
idal
in n
atur
e, st
udyi
ng
collo
idal
syst
ems w
ill le
ad to
a b
ette
r und
erst
andi
ng o
f com
plex
bio
logi
cal p
roce
sses
such
as d
rug
deliv
ery,
pro
tein
ab
sorp
tion,
and
cel
l mem
bran
e in
tera
ctio
ns. M
ore
spec
ifica
lly, t
he p
heno
men
a ad
sorp
tion
is cr
itica
l to
the
afor
emen
tione
d pr
oces
ses.
A sim
pler
col
loid
al sy
stem
whi
ch is
com
prise
d of
pol
ysty
rene
col
loid
par
ticle
s, de
plet
ants
, and
ele
ctro
lytic
solu
tion,
is b
eing
stud
ied
in o
rder
to th
e co
nditi
ons t
hat a
ffect
ads
orpt
ion.
Th
ere
are
thre
e pr
eval
ent f
orce
s in
this
syst
em, g
ravi
ty, e
lect
rost
atic
, and
dep
letio
n fo
rces
. The
se fo
rces
co
nstit
ute
the
pote
ntia
l ene
rgy
of th
e sy
stem
, whi
ch c
an b
e pl
otte
d to
det
erm
ine
the
part
icle
’s p
roba
ble
loca
tion
rela
tive
to th
e in
terf
ace.
Co
lloid
al sy
stem
s cha
ract
erist
ical
ly fo
rm p
oten
tial w
ells
near
the
inte
rfac
e. T
he p
artic
le is
like
ly to
spen
d th
e m
ajor
ity o
f its
tim
e in
this
wel
l due
to th
e la
rge
amou
nt o
f ene
rgy
it re
quire
s to
exit.
Hen
ce, t
he p
artic
le is
ad
sorb
ed o
nto
the
inte
rfac
e. T
he p
rope
rtie
s of t
he sy
stem
det
erm
ine
how
larg
e th
e w
ell a
nd th
e po
tent
ial b
arrie
r re
quire
d to
exi
t the
wel
l are
salt
conc
entr
atio
n, p
H, a
nd d
eple
tant
con
cent
ratio
n. B
y ad
just
ing
thes
e pa
ram
eter
s, th
e ea
se a
t whi
ch a
par
ticle
can
ads
orb
to th
e in
terf
ace
or d
iffus
e in
the
bulk
solu
tion
can
be c
ontr
olle
d. S
imila
r to
dige
stio
n, th
e pa
rtic
les i
n th
e sy
stem
bei
ng st
udie
d w
ere
subj
ecte
d to
aci
dic
chan
ges i
n pH
whi
ch le
ssen
ed th
e im
pact
of t
he a
ttra
ctiv
e de
plet
ion
inte
ract
ion,
effe
ctiv
ely
wea
keni
ng th
e te
nden
cy o
f the
par
ticle
s to
adso
rb. I
n or
der t
o co
unte
r thi
s, th
e co
ncen
trat
ion
of d
eple
tant
s was
incr
ease
d. T
he e
xper
imen
tal d
ata
obta
ined
via
TIR
F m
icro
scop
y an
d M
ATLA
B im
age
proc
essin
g w
as th
en c
ompa
red
to c
urre
nt th
eore
tical
mod
els.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 57
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
ira F
ein
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
145
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: O
berli
n Co
llege
M
ajor
: Ps
ycho
logy
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te d
egre
e in
neu
rore
habi
litat
ion
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
enso
r Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Opt
ical
Rad
iatio
n Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. Y
oshi
Ohn
o an
d Dr
. Cam
eron
Mill
er
Title
of T
alk:
Cr
eatin
g a
Colo
r Pre
fere
nce
Inde
x
Abst
ract
: Li
ght s
ourc
es fo
r gen
eral
whi
te li
ghtin
g ca
n be
cre
ated
usin
g a
varie
ty o
f lig
ht sp
ectr
a.
The
spec
trum
of t
he
illum
inan
t has
an
effe
ct o
n th
e co
lor a
ppea
ranc
e of
obj
ects
, inc
ludi
ng fo
od, f
urni
ture
, dai
ly o
bjec
ts a
nd sk
in to
ne.
Som
e sp
ectr
a sh
ow th
e co
lors
of o
bjec
ts b
ette
r tha
n ot
hers
. Th
is ef
fect
is c
alle
d co
lor r
ende
ring.
Ach
ievi
ng
optim
al c
olor
rend
erin
g is
an im
port
ant g
oal f
or g
ener
al li
ghtin
g pr
oduc
ts. I
n or
der t
o ac
hiev
e th
is go
al, l
ight
so
urce
s mus
t pro
duce
a h
igh
qual
ity li
ght.
To
mea
sure
this,
ther
e is
an in
tern
atio
nal s
tand
ard
met
ric c
alle
d Co
lor
Rend
erin
g In
dex
(CRI
), de
velo
ped
som
e 40
yea
rs a
go.
This
met
ric m
easu
res “
colo
r fid
elity
,” a
qua
ntita
tive
mea
sure
of t
he a
bilit
y of
a li
ght s
ourc
e to
reve
al th
e co
lors
of v
ario
us o
bjec
ts a
ccur
atel
y in
com
paris
on w
ith a
re
fere
nce
illum
inan
t. Th
e re
fere
nce
illum
inan
t is s
imila
r to
inca
ndes
cent
lam
ps o
r day
light
. Th
is pr
oces
s fun
ctio
ns
on th
e as
sum
ptio
n th
at th
e re
fere
nce
light
is o
f the
bes
t ach
ieva
ble
colo
r qua
lity.
How
ever
, in
real
ity, o
ther
ligh
ts
and
colo
r ran
ges a
re o
ften
visu
ally
pre
ferr
ed. A
s a re
sult,
the
CRI s
core
doe
s not
oft
en re
flect
visu
al e
valu
atio
ns.
Ther
efor
e, w
e ne
ed a
met
ric th
at c
ompa
res t
he te
st la
mp
to a
new
refe
renc
e lig
ht th
at is
bas
ed o
n pr
efer
ence
s de
term
ined
by
hum
an p
erce
ptio
n, ra
ther
than
a re
fere
nce
light
bas
ed o
n th
eory
. Th
e tw
o m
ost i
mpo
rtan
t fac
tors
th
at a
ffect
the
pref
eren
ce o
f a li
ght a
re c
olor
satu
ratio
n (in
tens
ity o
f col
or) a
nd c
olor
tem
pera
ture
(the
tone
of
whi
te li
ght f
rom
war
m to
coo
l col
or).
The
new
met
ric w
ill a
ddre
ss th
ese
varia
tions
by
crea
ting
a m
ore
gene
raliz
ed
met
ric th
at c
an b
e ap
plie
d to
the
gene
ral u
sers
of l
ight
ing.
Th
e ke
y pu
rpos
e in
dev
elop
ing
the
new
met
ric is
to id
entif
y th
e m
ost s
atisf
acto
ry li
ghtin
g fo
r hum
an c
olor
visi
on.
To v
erify
this
hypo
thes
is an
d de
term
ine
the
mos
t pre
ferr
ed p
oint
of c
olor
satu
ratio
n, a
long
with
the
asso
ciat
ed
impo
rtan
ce o
f sai
d co
lor,
we
have
con
duct
ed a
visi
on e
xper
imen
t with
hum
an su
bjec
ts. U
sing
the
NIS
T Sp
ectr
ally
Tu
nabl
e Li
ghtin
g Fa
cilit
y, w
e ha
ve te
sted
a w
ide
arra
y of
col
or sa
tura
tions
and
col
or te
mpe
ratu
res i
n a
natu
ral a
nd
fam
iliar
sett
ing.
Our
pre
limin
ary
anal
ysis
of e
xper
imen
tal d
ata
supp
orts
our
hyp
othe
sis th
at a
ctua
l pre
ferr
ed
light
s hav
e hi
gher
leve
l of c
olor
satu
ratio
n th
an th
e tr
aditi
onal
refe
renc
e lig
ht.
The
findi
ngs o
f thi
s stu
dy c
an b
e us
ed a
s a b
asis
for t
he d
evel
opm
ent o
f a n
ew st
anda
rd th
at e
nabl
es m
anuf
actu
rers
to p
rodu
ce li
ghtin
g pr
oduc
ts
that
are
bas
ed o
n pr
efer
ence
s est
ablis
hed
by p
eopl
e, ra
ther
than
theo
retic
al c
olor
fide
lity.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: Y
adira
Flo
res
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
124
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
mith
Col
lege
M
ajor
: M
athe
mat
ics a
nd S
tatis
tics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): W
ork
in in
dust
ry a
nd in
a fe
w y
ears
att
end
grad
uate
scho
ol
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, App
lied
Econ
omic
s Offi
ce
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Josh
ua D
. Kne
ifel
Title
of T
alk:
M
easu
ring
Sust
aina
bilit
y in
Com
mer
cial
Bui
ldin
gs
Abst
ract
: W
hat i
s the
add
ition
al c
ost o
f con
stru
ctin
g a
build
ing
in a
mor
e en
ergy
effi
cien
t man
ner?
How
can
cha
ngin
g th
e am
ount
of i
nsul
atio
n in
the
wal
l of a
bui
ldin
g im
pact
the
tota
l ann
ual e
nerg
y co
st?
Will
the
ener
gy c
ost s
avin
gs p
ay
for t
he a
dditi
onal
con
stru
ctio
n co
sts o
ver a
cou
rse
of tw
enty
yea
rs?
How
doe
s im
prov
ing
the
ener
gy e
ffici
ency
of
a bu
ildin
g im
pact
its e
nviro
nmen
tal f
ootp
rint?
The
se a
re th
e ty
pe o
f que
stio
ns th
at th
is pr
ojec
t trie
s to
answ
er.
This
proj
ect a
imed
to c
reat
e an
ext
ensiv
e ne
w c
omm
erci
al b
uild
ing
sust
aina
bilit
y da
taba
se to
supp
ort t
he B
IRDS
-Bu
ildin
g In
dust
ry R
epor
ting
and
Desig
n fo
r Sus
tain
abili
ty- o
nlin
e in
terf
ace.
Thi
s dat
abas
e is
com
prise
d of
16
com
mer
cial
bui
ldin
g ty
pes,
four
bui
ldin
g en
ergy
stan
dard
edi
tions
, 40
diffe
rent
inve
stm
ent t
ime
horiz
ons,
and
228
ci
ties (
abou
t 14,
592
uniq
ue c
ases
). Af
ter r
unni
ng w
hole
bui
ldin
g en
ergy
sim
ulat
ions
for e
ach
uniq
ue c
ase,
we
calc
ulat
ed th
e in
itial
bui
ldin
g co
nstr
uctio
n co
sts,
ann
ual o
pera
ting
ener
gy c
osts
, and
futu
re m
aint
enan
ce, r
epai
r, an
d re
plac
emen
t cos
ts u
sing
the
prog
ram
min
g la
ngua
ge P
ytho
n. T
he e
nviro
nmen
tal i
mpa
cts a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith th
e co
nstr
uctio
n an
d op
erat
ion
of e
ach
build
ing
are
estim
ated
usin
g lif
e-cy
cle
asse
ssm
ent d
ata.
Inde
ed th
e ec
onom
ic
and
envi
ronm
enta
l im
pact
s for
eac
h un
ique
cas
e di
ffers
as t
he b
uild
ing
type
, sta
ndar
d ed
ition
, inv
estm
ent t
ime
horiz
on a
nd c
limat
e ar
e va
ried.
In
the
end,
this
data
base
can
be
used
to th
e co
mpa
re d
iffer
ent t
ypes
of b
uild
ing
desig
ns a
nd h
ow th
at w
ould
im
pact
the
cost
and
ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y of
new
com
mer
cial
bui
ldin
gs. T
hus,
mak
ing
thes
e lif
e cy
cle
cost
ana
lyse
s re
adily
ava
ilabl
e an
d co
mpa
rabl
e co
uld
be in
valu
able
to p
olic
ymak
ers t
hat s
et th
e st
ate
build
ing
requ
irem
ents
, bu
ildin
g en
gine
ers,
arc
hite
cts,
and
des
igne
rs, a
nd th
e ge
nera
l pub
lic.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 58
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: D
erek
M. F
ogel
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H11
4 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Wak
e Fo
rest
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Phys
ics a
nd L
atin
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l in
Phys
ics o
r Ele
ctric
al E
ngin
eerin
g w
ith a
focu
s in
orga
nic
phot
ovol
taic
s
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
emic
ondu
ctor
and
Dim
ensio
nal M
etro
logy
Div
ision
, N
anoe
lect
roni
cs G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Dav
id G
undl
ach
Title
of T
alk:
Re
sidua
l Add
itive
in O
rgan
ic P
hoto
volta
ics
Abst
ract
: W
e re
port
on
the
effe
cts o
f res
idua
l 1,8
-diio
dooc
tane
(DIO
) on
the
elec
tric
al p
erfo
rman
ce o
f pol
y(3-
hexy
lthio
phen
e-2,
5-di
yl) (
P3HT
): ph
enyl
-C71
-but
yric
aci
d m
ethy
l est
er (P
C[71
]BM
) bul
k he
tero
junc
tion
(BHJ
) ph
otov
olta
ic c
ells.
DIO
is w
idel
y us
ed th
roug
hout
the
field
of o
rgan
ic p
hoto
volta
ics a
s a p
roce
ssin
g ad
ditiv
e w
hich
is
theo
rized
to in
crea
se th
e ef
ficie
ncy
of c
ells
by c
ontr
ollin
g th
e m
orph
olog
y of
the
activ
e la
yer,
but l
ittle
is k
now
n ab
out t
he e
ffect
s or q
uant
ity o
f DIO
whi
ch re
mai
ns a
fter f
abric
atio
n. W
e pe
rfor
med
det
aile
d an
alys
is of
the
elec
tric
al p
rope
rtie
s for
dev
ice
test
stru
ctur
es w
ith D
IO a
dditi
ve a
nd d
ried
for d
iffer
ent t
imes
. O
ur d
evic
es w
ere
fabr
icat
ed b
y sp
inni
ng a
30
mg/
ml s
olut
ion
of 5
:4 P
3HT:
PC[7
1]BM
in 1
,2-d
ichl
orob
enze
ne w
ith 2
% D
IO b
y vo
lum
e ov
er a
laye
r of P
EDO
T:PS
S on
a g
lass
subs
trat
e w
ith p
re-p
atte
rned
ITO
con
tact
s. T
he P
EDO
T:PS
S la
yer w
as sp
un in
a
chem
ical
hoo
d at
room
tem
pera
ture
, and
drie
d un
der A
r am
bien
t at 1
40°C
for 1
0 m
in.
The
activ
e la
yer w
as
spun
and
drie
d fo
r 5 m
inut
es a
t roo
m te
mpe
ratu
re u
nder
an
Ar a
mbi
ent a
nd th
en b
aked
for d
iffer
ent t
imes
at
60°C
und
er a
n Ar
am
bien
t. T
o co
mpl
ete
the
elec
tron
ic te
st st
ruct
ures
, we
depo
sited
Ca/
AL c
onta
cts i
n hi
gh
vacu
um (1
0-7 m
bar)
with
a to
tal t
ime
in v
acuu
m o
f app
roxi
mat
ely
45 m
inut
es.
We
optim
ized
this
proc
edur
e fo
r ef
ficie
ncy
at a
n ac
tive
laye
r thi
ckne
ss o
f app
roxi
mat
ely
220
nm, a
nd a
ll de
vice
s wer
e pr
oces
sed
near
ly in
par
alle
l to
min
imize
uni
nten
tiona
l var
iatio
ns b
etw
een
test
stru
ctur
es.
We
then
mea
sure
d th
e cu
rren
t-vo
ltage
(J-V
) ch
arac
teris
tics u
nder
one
sun
equi
vale
nt il
lum
inat
ion
inte
nsity
. W
e fo
und
that
the
effic
ienc
y, fi
ll fa
ctor
, and
shor
t ci
rcui
t cur
rent
of t
he c
ells
incr
ease
d w
ith d
ryin
g tim
e an
d pl
atea
ued
at 2
0 m
inut
es.
This
sugg
ests
that
ther
e is
som
e re
sidua
l DIO
in th
e fil
m, w
hich
eva
pora
tes s
low
ly b
ut is
nea
rly a
bsen
t afte
r 20
min
utes
. W
e ar
e aw
aitin
g Fo
urie
r Tra
nsfo
rm In
frar
ed S
pect
rosc
opy
resu
lts to
con
firm
and
qua
ntify
the
pres
ence
of t
he re
sidua
l add
itive
. W
e al
so fo
und
a sim
ilar t
rend
in 1
5 m
g/m
l cel
ls w
ith 2
% D
IO w
hich
wer
e op
timize
d fo
r fill
fact
or.
We
then
use
d im
peda
nce
spec
tros
copy
dat
a to
det
erm
ine
the
unde
rlyin
g m
echa
nism
thro
ugh
whi
ch th
e re
sidua
l add
itive
de
crea
ses e
ffici
ency
, fill
fact
or, a
nd sh
ort c
ircui
t cur
rent
. Th
e im
peda
nce
spec
tros
copy
dat
a al
low
ed u
s to
extr
apol
ate
the
num
ber o
f dee
p le
vel t
raps
in th
e fil
m fr
om th
e re
com
bina
tion
rate
and
car
rier d
ensit
y vs
vol
tage
, an
d w
e fo
und
that
ther
e is
no c
orre
latio
n be
twee
n dr
ying
tim
e an
d nu
mbe
r of d
eep
leve
l tra
ps, w
hich
indi
cate
s th
at th
e re
sidua
l DIO
is n
ot in
trod
ucin
g th
ese
deep
trap
s int
o ou
r film
s. W
e al
so e
xam
ined
plo
ts o
f con
duct
ance
vs
freq
uenc
y an
d fo
und
that
the
cells
with
the
mos
t add
itive
show
ed h
allm
arks
of i
onic
tran
spor
t, w
hich
may
ex
plai
n th
e de
crea
se in
effi
cien
cy.
Furt
her a
naly
sis o
n th
e im
peda
nce
data
will
lead
to a
mor
e de
finiti
ve
dete
rmin
atio
n of
the
dom
inan
t mec
hani
sm fo
r the
rela
tions
hip
betw
een
resid
ual a
dditi
ve a
nd d
ecre
ased
ef
ficie
ncy,
fill
fact
or, a
nd sh
ort c
ircui
t cur
rent
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Beh
naz G
houc
hani
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H11
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
The
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k (C
UN
Y)
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
& C
ompu
tatio
nal M
athe
mat
ics,
Mat
hem
atic
al
Soft
war
e N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Ba
rry
Schn
eide
r
Title
of T
alk:
De
velo
ping
New
and
Mor
e ef
ficie
nt W
ays t
o So
lve
the
Tim
e-De
pend
ent S
chrö
ding
er
Equa
tion
(TDS
E)
Ab
stra
ct:
In m
any
inte
rest
ing
prob
lem
s in
the
quan
tum
theo
ry o
f ato
ms a
nd m
olec
ules
, it i
s nec
essa
ry to
find
the
solu
tion
to
the
time-
depe
nden
t Sch
rödi
nger
equ
atio
n (T
DSE)
whe
re a
n at
om o
r mol
ecul
e is
expo
sed
to so
me
exte
rnal
tim
e-de
pend
ent p
ertu
rbat
ion.
One
spec
ific
exam
ple
is an
ato
m in
a ti
me-
depe
nden
t las
er fi
eld.
One
mus
t pro
paga
te a
kn
own
star
ting
solu
tion
(say
, the
gro
und
stat
e of
the
syst
em) a
t t
o so
me
final
stat
e at
fin
al. In
gen
eral
, th
is be
com
es a
pro
blem
whe
re o
ne fi
rst d
iscre
tizes
the
spat
ial d
egre
es o
f fre
edom
, for
exa
mpl
e, o
n a
grid
and
then
pr
opag
ates
in ti
me
usin
g on
e of
a n
umbe
r of d
iffer
ent t
echn
ique
s. T
he m
ain
obje
ctiv
e of
this
stud
y is
to c
ompa
re
diffe
rent
app
roac
hes a
s to
accu
racy
and
com
puta
tiona
l effi
cien
cy in
per
form
ing
the
time
prop
agat
ion
and
to te
st a
ne
w a
ppro
ach,
a v
aria
nt o
f the
exp
onen
tial t
ime
diffe
renc
ing
(ETD
) met
hod,
that
has
not
bee
n se
rious
ly tr
ied
for t
he
TDSE
. Th
e ne
w a
ppro
ach
has t
he m
erits
that
the
time
step
that
mus
t be
used
in th
e pr
opag
atio
n is
gove
rned
by
the
intr
insic
tim
e va
riatio
n of
the
lase
r fie
ld ra
ther
than
the
num
eric
al st
abili
ty o
f the
pro
paga
tion
met
hod.
The
mod
el
used
for o
ur st
udy
repl
aces
the
real
ato
mic
syst
em b
y a
one-
dim
ensio
nal m
odel
that
has
bee
n w
idel
y us
ed in
the
liter
atur
e an
d w
hich
cap
ture
s the
ess
entia
l fea
ture
s of t
he fu
ll 3D
pro
blem
. Disc
retiz
ing
the
diffe
rent
ial o
pera
tors
us
ing
know
n fin
ite d
iffer
ence
form
ula
allo
ws u
s to
perf
orm
the
prop
agat
ion
via
the
know
n ap
proa
ches
and
to th
en
com
pare
them
to th
e ne
w m
etho
d fo
r bot
h ac
cura
cy a
nd e
ffici
ency
. The
stud
y is
aim
ed a
t und
erst
andi
ng b
oth
the
olde
r tim
e pr
opag
atio
n ap
proa
ches
as w
ell a
s the
new
app
roac
h. T
his h
as n
ever
bee
n se
rious
ly e
xam
ined
bef
ore
and
even
with
out E
TD, i
s of g
reat
val
ue. R
esul
ts w
ill b
e pr
esen
ted
at th
e SU
RF sy
mpo
sium
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 59
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: G
olna
z Gho
ucha
ni
Gra
nt N
umbe
r
70N
ANB1
4H11
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
City
Col
lege
of N
ew Y
ork
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pu
rsue
gra
duat
e sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Sys
tem
s Eng
inee
ring
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Yung
-Tsu
n Ti
na L
ee, J
uyeo
n Le
e
Title
of T
alk:
Da
ta M
inin
g Ap
plic
atio
n in
Web
Ser
vice
s
Abst
ract
: Da
ta m
inin
g is
a gr
owin
g fie
ld in
com
pute
r sci
ence
. It i
s the
pro
cess
of f
indi
ng p
atte
rns o
r cor
rela
tions
am
ong
data
se
ts b
y us
ing
vario
us c
ompu
tatio
nal m
etho
ds.
Man
y da
ta a
naly
tics (
DA) e
ngin
es h
ave
been
dev
elop
ed fo
r thi
s pu
rpos
e. T
he u
sefu
l inf
orm
atio
n re
trie
ved
from
man
ufac
ture
rs’ d
ata
min
ing
coul
d pr
ovid
e so
lutio
ns o
n in
crea
sing
com
pani
es’ p
rodu
ctiv
ities
and
glo
bally
com
petit
ive
adva
ntag
es. I
n th
is re
sear
ch w
e pr
opos
ed u
sing
web
serv
ices
fo
r com
mun
icat
ing
data
ana
lytic
s inf
orm
atio
n th
at is
repr
esen
ted
in P
redi
ctiv
e M
odel
Mar
kup
Lang
uage
(PM
ML)
. W
eb se
rvic
e (W
S) is
a m
etho
d th
at p
rovi
des c
omm
unic
atio
n be
twee
n tw
o sy
stem
s thr
ough
net
wor
k co
nnec
tion.
By
usin
g W
S, m
anuf
actu
ring
com
pani
es c
an e
asily
com
mun
icat
e w
ith th
e DA
eng
ines
, sen
d th
eir d
ata
sets
to th
e DA
eng
ines
, and
rece
ive
the
min
ing
resu
lts fr
om th
e DA
eng
ines
. WS
has t
hree
maj
or c
ompo
nent
s: W
S co
nsum
er,
WS
prov
ider
, and
WS
repo
sitor
y. T
heir
inte
rfac
es a
re b
ased
on
Web
Ser
vice
Des
crip
tion
Lang
uage
(WSD
L), S
impl
e O
bjec
t Acc
ess P
roto
col (
SOAP
), an
d U
nive
rsal
Des
crip
tion,
Disc
over
y an
d In
tegr
atio
n (U
DDI).
Th
e pu
rpos
e of
this
rese
arch
pro
ject
was
to d
esig
n an
d im
plem
ent a
WS
for s
uppo
rtin
g m
anuf
actu
ring
data
an
alyt
ics.
The
app
roac
hes t
aken
for t
his p
roje
ct in
clud
e id
entif
ying
WS
cons
umer
, WS
prov
ider
, and
WS
repo
sitor
y; g
ener
atin
g w
ork
flow
s am
ong
them
usin
g flo
wch
art;
and
crea
ting
a se
quen
ce d
iagr
am a
nd w
ritin
g co
des f
or th
e w
ork
flow
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
teph
anie
Gne
wuc
h G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H15
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Ott
erbe
in U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ch
emist
ry
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
for m
ater
ials
chem
istry
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Zeric
Hul
vey,
Cra
ig B
row
n
Title
of T
alk:
N
eutr
on P
owde
r Diff
ract
ion
Expe
rimen
ts o
f Nitr
ogen
and
Oxy
gen
Adso
rptio
n in
Met
al-
Org
anic
Fra
mew
orks
to E
stim
ate
Adso
rptio
n Se
lect
ivity
for G
as S
epar
atio
ns
Abst
ract
: M
etal
-org
anic
fram
ewor
ks (M
OFs
) are
mat
eria
ls co
mpo
sed
of o
rgan
ic li
nker
s con
nect
ing
met
al a
tom
s or c
lust
ers
to fo
rm p
orou
s str
uctu
res.
One
of t
he m
any
indu
stria
l app
licat
ions
und
er in
vest
igat
ion
for t
hese
mat
eria
ls is
gas
sepa
ratio
n. M
OFs
exh
ibiti
ng se
lect
ive
gas a
dsor
ptio
n co
uld
be u
sed
in se
para
tion
proc
esse
s suc
h as
the
frac
tiona
tion
of a
ir in
to N
2 and
O2 a
s an
alte
rnat
ive
to u
sing
ener
gy-in
tens
ive
cryo
geni
c di
still
atio
n. R
ecen
t wor
k at
NIS
T ha
s stu
died
the
adso
rptiv
e pr
oper
ties o
f the
MO
F-74
(M2-2
,5-d
ioxi
do-1
,4-b
enze
nedi
carb
oxyl
ate;
M =
Mg,
M
n, F
e, C
o, N
i, Cu
, Zn)
serie
s of m
ater
ials
usin
g ne
utro
n po
wde
r diff
ract
ion
expe
rimen
ts to
elu
cida
te b
indi
ng si
tes
for g
as m
olec
ules
. Ad
sorp
tion
expe
rimen
ts o
n th
ese
mat
eria
ls re
veal
that
they
ads
orb
O2
mor
e st
rong
ly th
an N
2, m
akin
g th
ese
pote
ntia
l can
dida
tes f
or u
se in
the
com
mer
cial
sepa
ratio
n of
air.
In th
is st
udy,
Mg
and
Ni a
nalo
gs o
f M
OF-
74 w
ere
synt
hesiz
ed a
nd a
ctiv
ated
to e
xpos
e th
e st
rong
bin
ding
site
s loc
ated
at a
n op
en c
oord
inat
ion
site
on
the
met
al a
tom
s in
the
stru
ctur
e. T
he m
ater
ials
wer
e th
en d
osed
with
qua
ntita
tive
amou
nts o
f O2,
N2,
and
a 79
:21
N2/
O2 m
ixtu
re a
nalo
gous
to th
e co
mpo
sitio
n of
air.
Neu
tron
pow
der d
iffra
ctio
n da
ta w
ere
then
col
lect
ed
for t
he d
osed
mat
eria
ls. R
ietv
eld
refin
emen
t and
Fou
rier d
iffer
ence
met
hods
wer
e us
ed to
det
erm
ine
the
loca
tion
of th
e ga
s bin
ding
site
s and
the
orie
ntat
ion
and
frac
tiona
l occ
upan
cy o
f the
mol
ecul
es a
t tho
se si
tes.
The
sin
gle
com
pone
nt d
iffra
ctio
n da
ta re
veal
bot
h m
olec
ules
bin
d at
the
sam
e sit
e bu
t with
diff
eren
t orie
ntat
ions
. The
m
ixtu
re d
ata
can
ther
efor
e be
refin
ed w
ith b
oth
mol
ecul
es o
ccup
ying
this
site.
Ref
inem
ent o
f the
frac
tiona
l oc
cupa
ncie
s of e
ach
mol
ecul
e at
this
site
can
give
a m
olec
ular
-leve
l pic
ture
of g
as se
para
tion
mec
hani
sms a
nd
pote
ntia
lly a
fford
a m
eans
of b
ette
r est
imat
ing
adso
rptio
n se
lect
ivity
val
ues.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 60
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Rac
hel G
olan
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d M
ajor
: Bi
oeng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ca
reer
in ti
ssue
eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, B
iom
olec
ular
Mea
sure
men
t Div
ision
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. L
eona
Sca
nlan
Title
of T
alk:
To
xici
ty o
f TiO
2 Nan
opar
ticle
s in
vitr
o an
d in
viv
o
Abst
ract
: Ti
tani
um D
ioxi
de n
anop
artic
les (
TiO
2-NPs
) are
a c
omm
on a
dditi
ve in
food
and
com
mer
cial
pro
duct
s. H
owev
er,
thes
e pa
rtic
les c
an g
ener
ate
reac
tive
spec
ies,
whi
ch le
ad to
subs
eque
nt D
NA
dam
age.
In o
rder
to in
vest
igat
e th
e pr
ecise
gen
otox
ic m
echa
nism
of T
iO2-N
Ps in
vitr
o an
d in
viv
o, th
e gr
owth
of h
uman
cel
ls an
d m
odel
org
anism
Ca
enor
habd
itis e
lega
ns (C
. ele
gans
) mus
t be
optim
ized
and
back
grou
nd D
NA
dam
age
mus
t be
quan
tifie
d in
bot
h m
odel
s. T
hus f
ar, h
uman
hep
atoc
arci
nom
a (H
epG2
) cel
ls ha
ve b
een
cultu
red
and
harv
este
d, a
nd n
ucle
ar a
nd
cyto
plas
mic
pro
tein
s hav
e be
en e
xtra
cted
for q
uant
ifica
tion
of D
NA
repa
ir en
zym
es. S
ever
al m
etho
ds fo
r ne
mat
ode
grow
th h
ave
also
bee
n in
vest
igat
ed. T
radi
tiona
lly g
row
n in
aga
r, ne
mat
odes
can
also
thriv
e in
liqu
id
cultu
res.
Exp
erim
ents
wer
e co
nduc
ted
to te
st w
hich
cul
ture
con
ditio
ns (w
orm
den
sity,
am
ount
of f
eed
and
freq
uenc
y of
med
ia re
new
al) p
rodu
ce th
e he
alth
iest
and
larg
est n
umbe
r of w
orm
s in
liqui
d cu
lture
s ove
r sev
eral
ge
nera
tions
. A M
ATLA
B pr
ogra
m w
as d
esig
ned
to se
arch
thro
ugh
the
C. e
lega
n pr
oteo
me
for s
elec
t rep
air p
rote
in
frag
men
ts. T
he p
rese
nce
of a
set t
hres
hold
of f
ragm
ents
will
ena
ble
quan
tific
atio
n of
DN
A re
pair
enzy
mes
usin
g m
ass s
pect
rom
etric
tech
niqu
es. P
rogr
ess h
as b
een
mad
e in
eac
h ar
ea o
f wor
k. T
he H
epG2
cel
ls ar
e gr
owin
g w
ell,
but,
the
MCF
10 c
ells
are
not y
et p
rolif
erat
ing
effic
ient
ly. R
esul
ts fr
om th
e liq
uid
cultu
re e
xper
imen
ts sh
ow th
at
nem
atod
es p
refe
r a m
ediu
m-fe
ed E
. col
i env
ironm
ent,
with
an
initi
al se
edin
g de
nsity
of 0
.5 w
orm
s/ μ
L. A
ccor
ding
to
the
MAT
LAB
prog
ram
, sev
en C
. ele
gan
prot
eins
con
tain
ed fo
ur o
r mor
e fr
agm
ents
from
one
hum
an D
NA re
pair
prot
ein,
Nth
-1, a
nd th
ese
prot
eins
will
be
furt
her s
tudi
ed. I
n or
der t
o pr
epar
e fo
r C. e
lega
ns D
NA
dam
age
quan
tific
atio
n, th
ree
pote
ntia
l DN
A ex
trac
tion
prot
ocol
s wer
e te
sted
: the
Qia
gen
geno
me
extr
actio
n ki
t, a
mam
mal
ian
cell
high
salt
met
hod,
and
a C
. ele
gan
met
hod
adap
ted
to e
limin
ate
phen
ol a
nd c
hlor
ofor
m. T
he
Qia
gen
kit m
ay y
ield
the
larg
est q
uant
ity o
f DN
A to
be
extr
acte
d fr
om th
e C.
ele
gans
. The
se in
itial
stud
ies w
ill
esta
blish
a fr
amew
ork
that
will
ena
ble
the
lab
to su
cces
sful
ly in
vest
igat
e of
the
geno
toxi
c ef
fect
s of T
iO2-N
Ps.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
oshu
a Go
ldm
an
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
(Col
lege
Par
k)
Maj
or:
Elec
tric
al e
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Fu
nctio
nal P
rope
rtie
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Davi
d La
Van
Title
of T
alk:
O
ptic
al C
alib
ratio
n of
Nan
ocal
orim
eter
Chi
ps U
sing
Infr
ared
Cam
era
Abst
ract
: N
anoc
alor
imet
ry is
the
mea
sure
men
t of t
herm
odyn
amic
pro
pert
ies o
f sam
ples
with
mic
rogr
am to
nan
ogra
m
mas
s. T
he m
easu
rem
ent i
s bas
ed o
n a
mic
rofa
bric
ated
sens
or c
hip,
so in
ord
er to
der
ive
tem
pera
ture
, we
mus
t re
late
it to
resis
tanc
e th
roug
h a
prio
ri ca
libra
tion.
In th
is ta
lk I
desc
ribe
a ca
libra
tion
met
hod
whe
reby
an
infr
ared
th
erm
al c
amer
a w
ith a
micr
osco
pic
lens
is u
sed
to m
easu
re th
e te
mpe
ratu
re o
f the
hea
ter o
n th
e se
nsor
as i
t is
heat
ed w
ith a
pplie
d vo
ltage
. The
resis
tanc
e of
the
chip
is si
mul
tane
ously
foun
d by
a fo
ur-w
ire m
easu
rem
ent.
We
first
det
erm
ined
the
tem
pera
ture
-em
issiv
ity re
latio
nshi
p fo
r the
sens
or’s
plat
inum
surf
ace
at th
e w
avel
engt
hs
used
by
the
ther
mal
cam
era.
Usin
g th
is da
ta, t
empe
ratu
re d
ata
from
the
ther
mal
cam
era
can
be a
ccur
atel
y co
rrec
ted
for e
miss
ivity
. Du
ring
a m
easu
rem
ent,
the
tem
pera
ture
of t
he p
latin
um h
eate
r is c
ompa
red
to a
re
fere
nce
plat
inum
surf
ace
whi
ch re
mai
ns a
t roo
m te
mpe
ratu
re (o
r ano
ther
con
trol
led
tem
pera
ture
).
1 =
1
+
ln
( )
1 =
1
+
ln
( )
This
proc
ess i
s aut
omat
ed w
ith a
Lab
VIEW
virt
ual i
nstr
umen
t con
trol
ling
a di
gita
l dat
a ac
quisi
tion
syst
em.
We
valid
ated
this
met
hod
of c
alib
ratio
n by
mea
surin
g th
e m
eltin
g po
int o
f an
alum
inum
sam
ple.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 61
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
oshu
a R.
Gra
ybill
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
or a
car
eer i
n in
dust
ry re
sear
ch
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Di
visio
n,
Ener
gy a
nd E
lect
roni
cs M
ater
ials
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Kirt
Pag
e, G
ery
Staf
ford
, Bra
dley
Frie
berg
Title
of T
alk:
Hy
dro-
Mec
hani
cal R
espo
nse
of T
hin-
Film
Pol
yele
ctro
lyte
Mem
bran
e M
ater
ials
fo
r Fue
l Cel
ls Ab
stra
ct:
Perf
luor
osul
foni
c ac
id (P
FSA)
iono
mer
s, p
artic
ular
ly N
afio
n, a
re th
e m
ost w
idel
y st
udie
d cl
ass o
f mat
eria
ls to
be
used
as p
roto
n ex
chan
ge m
embr
anes
(PEM
) in
fuel
cel
l app
licat
ions
. In
an o
pera
ting
fuel
cel
l the
cyc
les o
f hy
drat
ion
and
dehy
drat
ion,
and
the
mec
hani
cal r
espo
nse
ther
eto,
thre
aten
the
long
-ter
m m
echa
nica
l sta
bilit
y of
th
e PE
M a
nd, t
hus,
per
form
ance
and
dev
ice
lifet
ime.
The
refo
re, i
t is c
ritic
al th
at th
e w
ater
-dep
ende
nt, m
echa
nica
l re
spon
se a
nd p
rope
rtie
s of P
EM m
ater
ials
for f
uel c
ells
be w
ell u
nder
stoo
d. D
espi
te th
e im
port
ance
of t
he
mec
hani
cal r
espo
nse
of b
ulk
PEM
s to
hydr
atio
n cy
cles
, wh i
ch is
crit
ical
to li
fetim
e an
d du
rabi
lity,
ther
e is
an
incr
easin
g in
tere
st in
thin
film
pro
pert
ies o
f the
se m
ater
ials.
Thi
s is d
ue to
the
fact
that
ofte
n tim
es P
FSAs
are
use
d as
a b
inde
r in
the
elec
trod
e la
yer w
here
the
mat
eria
l can
be
conf
ined
to fi
lms o
n th
e or
der o
f ten
s of n
anom
eter
s th
ick.
How
ever
, the
re a
re a
lack
of m
easu
rem
ent t
echn
ique
s and
pla
tfor
ms c
apab
le o
f mea
surin
g th
e m
echa
nica
l pr
oper
ties o
f PEM
film
s tha
t are
onl
y te
ns o
f nan
omet
ers t
hick
. Giv
en th
is iss
ue a
rela
tivel
y ne
w m
easu
rem
ent
tech
niqu
e, w
hich
exp
loits
the
bend
ing
defle
ctio
n in
duce
d fr
om sw
ellin
g st
rain
in th
in N
afio
n fil
ms o
n sil
icon
su
bstr
ates
, was
use
d to
succ
essf
ully
mea
sure
and
cha
ract
erize
the
elas
tic c
antil
ever
ben
ding
stre
ss o
ver a
wid
e ra
nge
of re
lativ
e hu
mid
ity st
eps.
Mea
surin
g th
e sw
ellin
g st
rain
of t
hese
sam
e fil
ms a
llow
s the
der
ivat
ion
of th
e m
odul
us b
ehav
ior a
s bot
h a
func
tion
of th
ickn
ess a
nd a
nnea
ling.
Whi
le th
e st
ress
thic
knes
s sho
ws a
pre
dict
able
el
astic
beh
avio
r for
bot
h th
in a
nd th
ick
film
s tha
t can
be
wel
l qua
ntifi
ed th
ere
is a
dist
inct
cha
nge
in re
spon
se
upon
ann
ealin
g; n
amel
y th
e ab
senc
e of
a v
isco-
plas
tic re
spon
se th
at w
as p
revi
ously
obs
erve
d in
un-
anne
aled
N
afio
n fil
ms.
Fur
ther
mor
e, th
ere
appe
ars t
o be
a re
sidua
l bac
kgro
und
stre
ss c
orre
late
d to
phy
sical
agi
ng o
f the
fil
m a
fter a
nnea
ling
that
cou
ld p
rovi
de in
sight
s int
o th
e hu
mid
ity/t
ime-
depe
nden
t rel
axat
ion
beha
vior
of t
his
mat
eria
l und
er th
in fi
lm c
onfin
emen
t.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
enja
min
Gris
afe
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
121
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
olle
ge o
f Nan
osca
le S
cien
ce a
nd
Engi
neer
ing,
SU
NY
Uni
vers
ity a
t Alb
any
Maj
or:
Nan
osca
le E
ngin
eerin
g
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
for E
lect
rical
Eng
inee
ring
follo
wed
by
a ca
reer
in in
dust
ry
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ce
nter
for N
anos
cale
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy,
Nan
oFab
Ope
ratio
ns G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Liya
Yu
Title
of T
alk:
De
sign
and
Char
acte
rizat
ion
of P
hase
Shi
ftin
g Ph
otom
asks
for I
-Lin
e Pr
ojec
tion
Lith
ogra
phy
Abst
ract
: Ph
otol
ithog
raph
y as
a m
etho
d fo
r nan
ofab
ricat
ion
has l
imita
tions
. For
min
g pa
tter
ns sm
alle
r tha
n th
e w
avel
engt
h of
ligh
t bei
ng u
sed
requ
ires e
xpen
sive
imm
ersio
n te
chno
logy
, sup
erio
r len
sing
or sp
ecia
lly fa
bric
ated
pho
tom
asks
ca
pabl
e of
inte
nsify
ing
cert
ain
regi
ons i
n th
e pa
tter
n. T
his t
ype
of m
ask,
cal
led
a Ph
ase
Shift
ing
Mas
k (P
SM),
has
the
abili
ty to
shift
the
phas
e of
an
inco
min
g el
ectr
omag
netic
wav
e by
180
° lea
ding
to b
enef
icia
l des
truc
tive
inte
rfer
ence
that
ulti
mat
ely
enha
nces
the
inte
nsity
of e
xpos
ed w
afer
regi
ons.
Incr
ease
s in
cont
rast
and
the
capt
ured
1st
ord
er e
nhan
ce b
oth
the
reso
lutio
n of
the
feat
ures
abl
e to
be
patt
erne
d as
wel
l as t
he p
roce
ss
latit
ude.
Thi
s phy
sical
phe
nom
enon
allo
ws f
or th
e pa
tter
ning
of f
eatu
res s
mal
ler t
han
the
wav
elen
gth
of li
ght
bein
g us
ed.
This
stud
y pr
esen
ts m
etho
ds fo
r the
des
ign
and
fabr
icatio
n of
two
type
s of P
SMs o
n qu
artz
to b
e us
ed in
an
ASM
L I-l
ine
step
per:
a Di
ffrac
tive
PSM
and
an
Atte
nuat
ing
PSM
. Des
ign
of a
n at
tenu
atin
g PS
M re
quire
s a fi
lm c
apab
le o
f 5-
15%
tran
smiss
ion
at th
is w
avel
engt
h of
ligh
t to
achi
eve
phas
e sh
iftin
g. C
hrom
ium
oxi
de (C
r2O
3) e
xhib
its th
is ch
arac
teris
tic b
ased
upo
n th
e co
nditi
ons o
f dep
ositi
on a
nd fi
lms w
ere
sput
tere
d an
d ch
arac
teriz
ed u
sing
ellip
som
etry
. Diff
ract
ive
PSM
s, h
owev
er, d
o no
t hav
e a
thin
film
cau
sing
phas
e sh
ifts,
but
thic
knes
s diff
eren
ces i
n th
eir p
lace
. A d
ry e
tch
proc
ess w
as d
evel
oped
to is
otro
pica
lly e
tch
quar
tz to
des
ired
dept
hs. T
he p
roce
ss
cond
ition
s of H
eide
lber
g DW
L 20
00 la
ser w
riter
was
opt
imize
d to
obt
ain
prec
ise c
ontr
ol o
n th
e m
ask
patt
ern
dim
ensio
ns. F
inal
ly, P
SMs a
re u
sed
in th
e AS
ML
I-lin
e st
eppe
r and
the
criti
cal d
imen
sion
of th
e fe
atur
es p
atte
rned
an
alyz
ed fo
r pro
of o
f con
cept
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 62
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
oham
ed G
ueye
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H11
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
The
City
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k (C
UN
Y)
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Upp
er Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I a
m p
lann
ing
to g
o to
gra
duat
e sc
hool
aft
er b
y Ba
chel
or in
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
. I p
lan
to
look
into
diff
eren
t gra
duat
e sc
hool
s in
my
seni
or y
ear a
nd ta
ke th
e GR
E.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
and
Com
puta
tiona
l Mat
hem
atic
s Div
ision
, Hi
gh P
erfo
rman
ce C
ompu
ting
& V
isual
izatio
n Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Sand
y Re
ssle
r
Title
of T
alk:
Le
vera
ging
Web
Dev
elop
men
t Inf
rast
ruct
ure
for 2
D an
d 3D
Visu
aliza
tions
Abst
ract
: W
e de
mon
stra
te th
e us
e of
web
-bas
ed v
isual
izatio
ns fo
r com
pute
r sec
urity
, hum
an b
ody
mea
sure
men
t, an
d ne
twor
k re
sear
ch, a
ll ta
king
adv
anta
ge o
f web
dev
elop
men
t inf
rast
ruct
ure.
2D
and
3D v
isual
izatio
ns d
ispla
yed
nativ
ely
on w
eb b
row
sers
with
out t
he u
se o
f plu
gins
are
pre
sent
ed. O
ur v
isual
izatio
ns c
onsis
t mai
nly
of a
2D
visu
aliza
tions
of t
he N
VD (N
atio
nal V
ulne
rabi
lity
Data
base
) dat
a fe
eds,
and
Anth
roW
eb3D
Mea
sure
(AW
3DM
), a
3D v
isual
izatio
n of
CAE
SAR[
1] d
ata
set o
f las
er sc
anne
d hu
man
bod
ies.
The
foca
l poi
nt h
ere
is to
leve
rage
web
de
velo
pmen
t inf
rast
ruct
ure
to in
tegr
ate
man
y ty
pes o
f visu
aliza
tions
, and
to b
e ab
le to
dist
ribut
e th
e re
sults
in a
sim
ple
web
pag
e.
Firs
t, th
e N
VD d
ata
feed
s visu
aliza
tion
is a
filte
ring
web
app
licat
ion
whe
re u
sers
can
navi
gate
thro
ugh
year
ly
com
pute
r viru
s ent
ries b
ased
on
the
NVD
scor
ing
met
rics (
e.g.
, Int
egrit
y-Im
pact
, Con
fiden
tialit
y-Im
pact
, Com
pany
, et
c.).
The
user
can
then
sele
ct h
ow th
ey w
ant t
o vi
sual
ize th
ose
entr
ies (
bulle
t cha
rt, t
ree
grap
h, sc
atte
r plo
t, an
d ca
lend
ar v
iew
) usin
g D3
.js, a
Java
Scrip
t lib
rary
. Las
tly, A
W3D
M u
ses X
3DO
M[2
] and
jQue
ry,
Java
Scrip
t lib
rarie
s, to
pr
esen
t 3D
visu
aliza
tions
of h
uman
bod
ies,
a se
t of c
ontr
ols,
and
a ta
bula
r vie
w o
f dem
ogra
phic
dat
a as
soci
ated
w
ith e
ach
body
. X3D
OM
is a
3D
lang
uage
that
ena
bles
pla
cem
ent o
f gra
phic
al e
lem
ents
dire
ctly
into
the
DOM
(D
ocum
ent O
bjec
t Mod
el) o
f the
web
pag
e.
D3.js
, jQ
uery
, and
X3D
OM
pro
vide
a g
reat
dea
l of p
orta
bilit
y am
ong
mod
ern
brow
sers
and
syst
em e
xten
sibili
ty, a
s th
ey d
o no
t rel
y on
plu
gins
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
eliss
a Gu
idry
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
5 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Col
lege
of W
illia
m a
nd M
ary
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ho
ping
for a
car
eer w
here
I ca
n de
sign
and
expe
rimen
t in
orde
r to
find
new
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
wor
ld a
nd/o
r cre
ate
new
tech
nolo
gy
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
enso
r Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Opt
ical
Rad
iatio
n Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. M
arito
ni L
itorja
, col
labo
ratin
g w
ith D
r. Se
rgey
Pol
yako
v
Title
of T
alk:
Ch
arac
teriz
ing
the
Firs
t All-
Biol
ogic
al S
ingl
e Ph
oton
Sou
rce
Abst
ract
: Th
e re
actio
n be
twee
n lu
cife
rin a
nd A
TP w
ith c
atal
ysis
from
the
enzy
me
luci
fera
se re
sults
in th
e em
issio
n of
a
singl
e ph
oton
. It h
as b
een
seen
to e
xhib
it lo
w c
ytot
oxic
ity, r
esul
ting
in th
e de
velo
pmen
t of b
iolo
gica
l pro
bes f
or
imag
ing.
Thi
s is a
pplic
able
to b
oth
canc
er re
sear
ch a
nd d
rug
deve
lopm
ent,
whe
re th
e m
ovem
ent a
nd
quan
tific
atio
n of
mol
ecul
es is
nee
ded.
The
bio
lum
ines
cenc
e pr
oces
s dem
onst
rate
s man
y of
the
char
acte
ristic
s of
an id
eal s
ingl
e ph
oton
sour
ce, a
nd is
uni
que
from
oth
er si
ngle
-pho
ton
sour
ces i
n th
at it
doe
s not
requ
ire o
ptic
al
exci
tatio
n. N
IST’
s uni
que
tool
s will
pro
ve th
e sin
gle-
phot
on c
hara
cter
of t
he so
urce
, as w
ell a
s bet
ter d
etai
ling
the
kine
tics o
f the
reac
tion.
The
effe
cts o
f diff
eren
t che
mic
al o
r bio
logi
cal a
gent
s on
the
kine
tics o
f em
issio
n m
ay a
lso
be st
udie
d to
hel
p re
fine
in v
ivo
tech
niqu
es.
My
wor
k in
volv
ed d
esig
ning
, bui
ldin
g, a
nd te
stin
g th
e ex
perim
enta
l set
up th
at w
ill e
vent
ually
allo
w u
s to
dete
ct
singl
e ph
oton
s fro
m th
e re
actio
n. T
wo
spec
ific
com
pone
nts w
ere
desig
ned:
a sp
ecia
lized
flow
cel
l and
a
spec
ializ
ed o
ptic
s sys
tem
. The
cel
l des
ign
allo
ws t
he b
otto
m m
icro
scop
e pl
ate
to b
e qu
ickl
y re
plac
ed, e
ssen
tial
beca
use
the
luci
ferin
mus
t be
imm
obili
zed
and
repl
aced
onc
e th
e re
actio
n is
finish
ed. A
virt
ual m
odel
was
cr
eate
d, w
hich
may
be
3D p
rinte
d an
d al
igne
d in
the
optic
s set
up. D
r. Po
lyak
ov d
esig
ned
and
asse
mbl
ed th
e op
tics
syst
em c
onsis
ting
of tw
o le
nses
, one
with
a v
ery
high
num
eric
al a
pert
ure,
and
a se
cond
use
d to
focu
s the
ligh
t on
to a
fibe
r. Ca
lcul
atio
ns w
ere
perf
orm
ed to
det
erm
ine
optim
um le
ns a
nd fi
ber c
ombi
natio
n fo
r det
ectio
n. A
3D
stag
e w
as a
ssem
bled
to a
llow
the
dete
ctor
to m
ove
acro
ss th
e sa
mpl
e. A
kni
fe-e
dge
tech
niqu
e w
as u
sed
to
char
acte
rize
the
optic
s sys
tem
. A si
lver
ed a
nd n
ano-
etch
ed fi
ber w
as b
uilt
to o
pera
te a
s a p
oint
sour
ce, w
hich
, on
ce c
hara
cter
ized
with
the
optic
s, a
llow
ed fo
r a b
ette
r rep
rese
ntat
ion
of th
e op
tical
thro
ughp
ut o
f the
setu
p. A
liq
uid
fluor
opho
re so
lutio
n w
as fl
owed
thro
ugh
a cu
vett
e to
det
erm
ine
quan
titie
s of l
ucife
rin a
nd lu
cife
rase
whi
ch
wou
ld b
e ap
prop
riate
for t
he sy
stem
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 63
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
cott
Jiaw
ei H
allo
ck
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
H14H
166
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of C
alifo
rnia
Ber
kele
y M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Co
nsid
erin
g gr
adua
te sc
hool
for a
n ad
vanc
ed d
egre
e in
eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Thom
as G
naeu
pel-H
erol
d
Title
of T
alk:
Su
per S
heet
Met
al S
tres
sing:
The
Stim
ulat
ing
Desig
n Pr
oces
s of T
wo
Stra
inin
g De
vice
s
Abst
ract
: Au
tom
otiv
e m
etal
form
ing
is so
mew
hat o
f a tr
ial-a
nd-e
rror
pro
cess
, as s
tam
ped
shee
t met
als o
ften
sprin
g ba
ck
tow
ards
thei
r orig
inal
pos
ition
and
no
long
er fi
t with
in to
lera
nces
. Am
eric
an c
ar c
ompa
nies
lose
up
to $
100
mill
ion
a ye
ar o
n st
amps
/mol
ds th
at c
reat
e fla
wed
par
ts. F
or th
is re
ason
, dat
a on
mec
hani
cal p
rope
rtie
s of s
heet
met
als
is of
par
ticul
ar in
tere
st to
the
auto
mot
ive
indu
stry
, whe
re p
oten
tially
larg
e re
duct
ions
in c
osts
are
exp
ecte
d fr
om
impr
ovem
ents
in th
e pr
edic
tabi
lity
of fo
rmin
g ou
tcom
es. T
he b
asis
of th
is pr
ojec
t was
the
desig
n of
two
nove
l de
vice
s tha
t, w
hen
used
with
the
NIS
T Ce
nter
for N
eutr
on R
esea
rch’
s BT-
8 Re
sidua
l Str
ess D
iffra
ctom
eter
, will
pr
ovid
e ne
w d
ata
on y
ield
stre
sses
as s
heet
met
al sa
mpl
es a
re lo
aded
in si
tu. T
he fi
rst d
evic
e, n
amed
Oct
o-st
rain
, is
an e
ight
-arm
load
ing
fram
e ca
pabl
e of
gen
erat
ing
any
type
of i
n-pl
ane
tens
ile lo
adin
g, g
ener
atin
g sig
nific
ant
leve
ls of
bi-a
xial
pla
stic
stra
in, a
nd th
e ab
ility
to d
efin
e di
ffere
nt st
rain
pat
hs. W
e ex
pect
that
Oct
o-st
rain
will
sig
nific
antly
incr
ease
ach
ieva
ble
stra
in le
vels
whe
n co
mpa
red
with
typi
cal c
ruci
form
stra
inin
g de
vice
s. T
he se
cond
de
vice
is a
n in
-pla
ne sh
ear d
evice
cap
able
of g
ener
atin
g bo
th a
sign
ifica
nt sh
ear f
orce
and
a te
nsile
forc
e in
the
tran
sver
se d
irect
ion.
Thi
s dev
ice
will
ena
ble
mea
sure
men
ts o
f the
gra
in o
rient
atio
n-st
ress
resp
onse
whi
ch a
re o
f gr
eat v
alue
for c
ryst
al p
last
icity
mod
elin
g, a
s wel
l as t
he in
depe
nden
t mea
sure
men
t of t
he p
rinci
pal s
tres
ses i
n sh
ear d
efor
mat
ion.
Cha
lleng
es in
des
igni
ng b
oth
devi
ces c
ome
from
the
need
to k
eep
the
desig
n re
lativ
ely
mod
ular
, fit
with
in c
erta
in si
ze/w
eigh
t bou
ndar
ies,
and
cre
ate
an e
ntry
/exi
t pat
h fo
r the
neu
tron
bea
m.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
ndy
Hein
del
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
157
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: J
ames
Mad
ison
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Biot
echn
olog
y Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pu
rsin
g Ph
.D in
Can
cer B
iolo
gy o
r rel
ated
fiel
d.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Jose
ph C
urtis
Title
of T
alk:
Co
mpu
tatio
nal M
etho
ds to
Ana
lyze
Sm
all A
ngle
Sca
tter
ing
Data
of B
iolo
gica
l Mol
ecul
es &
Fr
ee E
nerg
y Ca
lcul
atio
ns to
Val
idat
e St
ruct
ural
Ens
embl
es
Abst
ract
: Ca
rdio
myo
path
y, th
e de
terio
ratio
n of
the
myo
card
ium
with
in th
e he
art,
is on
e of
lead
ing
fact
ors c
ontr
ibut
ing
to
hear
t dise
ase.
Alth
ough
car
diom
yopa
thy
can
be a
cqui
red
thro
ugh
post
-nat
al m
utat
ion,
man
y ca
ses r
esul
t fro
m
gene
tic a
bnor
mal
ities
resu
lting
in th
e m
utat
ion
of a
pro
tein
nam
ed O
bscu
rin. M
utan
t Obs
curin
con
tain
s a si
ngle
am
ino
acid
subs
titut
ion,
Arg
4344
Gln,
with
in Ig
58/5
9, tw
o do
mai
ns in
Obs
curin
. Thi
s mut
atio
n lo
wer
s the
affi
nity
fo
r tw
o do
mai
ns o
f Tita
n, Ig
9/10
. Tita
n se
rves
as a
n ad
hesio
n te
mpl
ate
for c
ontr
actil
e m
achi
nery
in th
e sa
rcom
ere.
Whe
n th
e bi
ndin
g af
finity
is lo
wer
ed d
ue th
e m
utat
ion
with
in O
bscu
rin, t
he p
assiv
e el
astic
ity w
ithin
th
e m
uscl
e de
crea
ses.
Alth
ough
bio
logi
cal d
ata
supp
orts
this
hypo
thes
is, v
ery
little
stru
ctur
al d
ata
has b
een
colle
cted
. Con
sequ
ently
, sm
all a
ngle
X-r
ay sc
atte
ring
(SAX
S) w
as c
ondu
cted
to d
eter
min
e th
e lo
w-r
esol
utio
n so
lutio
n st
ruct
ure
of Ig
58/5
9 fr
om O
bscu
rin. G
uini
er a
naly
sis w
as th
en c
ondu
cted
and
indi
cate
d Ig
58/5
9 ha
d a
radi
us o
f gyr
atio
n of
30.
0Å. T
heor
etic
al st
ruct
ures
wer
e ge
nera
ted
usin
g M
olec
ular
Mon
te C
arlo
(MM
C) a
nd
mol
ecul
ar d
ynam
ics (
MD)
. The
oret
ical
scat
terin
g cu
rves
wer
e th
en p
redi
cted
for t
he re
sulti
ng st
ruct
ures
. The
th
eore
tical
scat
terin
g pr
ofile
s spa
nned
a re
gion
bet
wee
n ~1
8Å-~
30Å.
Sol
utio
n st
ruct
ures
wer
e de
rived
thro
ugh
com
paris
ons b
etw
een
the
theo
retic
al sc
atte
ring
prof
iles a
nd e
xper
imen
tal S
AXS
data
. Due
to th
e co
mpu
tatio
nal
com
plex
ity o
f MM
C, h
owev
er, g
ener
ated
stru
ctur
es a
re p
oten
tially
ene
rget
ical
ly u
nfav
orab
le. C
onse
quen
tly, a
pr
oof-o
f-con
cept
stud
y w
as c
ondu
cted
to d
eter
min
e th
e en
erge
tics o
f clu
ster
ed M
MC
stru
ctur
es. M
olec
ular
m
echa
nica
l ene
rgie
s and
solv
atio
n fr
ee e
nerg
ies a
re b
eing
cal
cula
ted
and
sum
med
to d
eter
min
e th
e Gi
bb’s
free
en
ergy
(DG)
of c
lust
ered
stru
ctur
al e
nsem
bles
. Fur
ther
stud
ies a
re b
eing
con
duct
ed to
det
erm
ine
the
feas
ibili
ty o
f th
e ge
nera
ted
stru
ctur
es. P
relim
inar
y SA
XS d
ata
and
othe
r str
uctu
ral m
uscl
e pr
otei
ns in
dica
te a
n ex
tend
ed fo
rm,
sugg
estin
g Ig
58/5
9 is
nativ
ely
exte
nded
. With
the
use
of S
AXS
data
and
Gib
b's f
ree
ener
gy d
ata,
a re
pres
enta
tive
solu
tion
stru
ctur
e of
Ig58
/59
is lik
ely
feas
ible
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 64
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
iche
lle H
else
l G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Virg
inia
Pol
ytec
hnic
Inst
itute
and
Sta
te
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Civi
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): W
ork
in C
ivil
Engi
neer
ing
field
whi
le o
btai
ning
a M
aste
r's d
egre
e.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Mat
eria
ls an
d St
ruct
ural
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, In
orga
nic
Mat
eria
ls Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Chia
ra (C
laris
sa) F
erra
ris
Title
of T
alk:
St
anda
rd T
estin
g M
etho
d fo
r Den
sity
of H
ydra
ulic
Cem
ent
Abst
ract
: Th
e de
nsity
of h
ydra
ulic
cem
ent i
s cr
itica
l in
calc
ulat
ing
the
finen
ess
of c
emen
t pow
der a
nd h
as a
n es
sent
ial r
ole
in t
he d
eter
min
atio
n of
con
cret
e m
ixtu
re p
ropo
rtio
ns. C
onse
quen
tly, d
ensit
y ha
s th
e ab
ility
to
affe
ct s
tren
gth,
hy
drat
ion,
and
per
mea
bilit
y of
con
cret
e. T
he c
urre
nt s
tand
ard
by A
STM
is
the
“Tes
t M
etho
d fo
r De
nsity
of
Hydr
aulic
Cem
ents
” (A
STM
C18
8), w
hich
util
izes
a liq
uid
disp
lace
men
t m
etho
d to
mea
sure
the
vol
ume
of t
he
pow
der c
emen
t. Th
e ex
perim
ent o
rigin
ated
in 1
944,
and
bot
h th
e m
ater
ials
and
proc
edur
e ha
ve u
nder
gone
litt
le
chan
ge o
ver
the
past
sev
enty
yea
rs.
Impo
sitio
ns a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith t
he c
urre
nt s
tand
ard
have
for
ced
the
cons
truc
tion
indu
stry
to
ceas
e ro
utin
e de
nsity
tes
ting,
cau
sing
prob
lem
s w
ith c
emen
t vo
lum
e ra
tios.
Ther
efor
e,
the
indu
stry
req
uire
s a
read
ily a
vaila
ble
met
hod
to p
rom
ote
freq
uent
den
sity
test
ing
and
dim
inish
con
cret
e fa
ilure
s.
As th
e in
dust
ry se
eks n
ew p
ract
ical
met
hods
for t
estin
g de
nsity
of h
ydra
ulic
cem
ent,
othe
r app
roac
hes a
re b
eing
ex
plor
ed. T
he p
rese
nt re
sear
ch w
ill e
xam
ine
the
appa
rent
inte
rest
of p
oten
tial a
lcoh
ol su
bstit
utio
ns in
to th
e st
anda
rd p
roce
dure
. In
addi
tion,
rece
nt c
ompu
ter t
echn
olog
y em
brac
es g
as-c
ompa
rison
pyc
nom
etry
as a
pos
sible
al
tern
ativ
e to
the
curr
ent s
tand
ard
met
hod.
The
des
crib
ed m
etho
ds w
ill b
e co
mpa
red
to d
eter
min
e th
e m
ost
cons
isten
tly a
ccur
ate
met
hod
for w
hich
to te
st d
ensit
y of
hyd
raul
ic c
emen
ts.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
orge
Her
nand
ez S
anch
ez
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
119
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
lem
son
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Bioe
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Und
ergr
adua
te S
tude
nt, S
enio
r
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pu
rsue
a c
aree
r in
the
field
of B
ioen
gine
erin
g, fo
cuse
d in
ort
hope
dic
devi
ces
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Ella
Mih
aile
scu
Title
of T
alk:
Co
uld
Fish
Hel
p Tr
eat C
ance
r?
Abst
ract
: Pe
ptid
es a
re c
omm
only
foun
d w
orki
ng a
long
with
oth
er m
acro
mol
ecul
es to
fulfi
ll al
l kin
ds o
f fun
ctio
ns a
s co
mpl
exes
, but
in so
me
case
s the
y m
ay b
e fo
und
actin
g al
one.
One
gro
up o
f pep
tides
is th
e Pi
scid
ins:
pep
tides
w
ith p
rom
ising
ant
imic
robi
al a
nd p
ossib
ly a
nti-c
arci
noge
nic
activ
ity. P
iscid
ins c
onst
itute
a fa
mily
of c
atio
nic
antim
icro
bial
pep
tides
that
are
wid
espr
ead
in te
leos
t fish
and
hav
e br
oad
spec
trum
act
ivity
aga
inst
a la
rge
num
ber o
f Gra
m-p
ositi
ve a
nd G
ram
-neg
ativ
e ba
cter
ia, i
nclu
ding
MRS
A, v
iruse
s suc
h as
HIV
-1, f
ungi
, yea
sts,
and
ev
en c
ance
r cel
ls. T
eleo
st (r
ay-fi
nned
) fish
use
the
pept
ide
as a
mec
hani
sm o
f def
ense
aga
inst
infe
ctio
n. T
hese
pe
ptid
es a
re e
lect
rost
atic
ally
att
ract
ed to
ani
onic
bac
teria
l mem
bran
es. S
imila
r to
othe
r cat
ioni
c pe
ptid
es,
pisc
idin
s, a
re u
nstr
uctu
red
in w
ater
, but
bec
ome
stru
ctur
ed in
the
pres
ence
of l
ipid
bila
yers
and
exh
ibit
mem
bran
e pe
rmea
biliz
ing
capa
bilit
y. In
this
stud
y w
e in
vest
igat
e th
e ab
ility
of P
iscid
in-1
(P1)
to fo
rm p
ores
in li
pid
mem
bran
es. W
e em
ploy
seve
ral e
xper
imen
tal s
truc
tura
l tec
hniq
ues s
uch
as c
ircul
ar d
ichr
oism
, X-r
ay a
nd n
eutr
on
diffr
actio
n. I
n pa
rtic
ular
, neu
tron
diff
ract
ion
may
be
used
to o
bser
ve th
e m
orph
olog
y of
a p
eptid
e/lip
id b
ilaye
r co
mpl
ex, t
he d
epth
of i
nser
tion
of th
e pe
ptid
e in
the
lipid
mem
bran
e, a
nd th
e fo
rmat
ion
of p
ores
, whi
ch w
ould
le
ad to
cel
l lys
is. I
n th
is w
ork,
I ha
ve o
bser
ved
that
incr
easin
g th
e ra
tio o
f P1
to li
pid
resu
lts in
gra
dual
cha
nges
to
the
bila
yer s
truc
ture
such
as t
hinn
ing
of th
e bi
laye
r and
reor
ient
atio
n of
the
pept
ide
with
resp
ect t
o th
e bi
laye
r su
rfac
e. T
hese
cha
nges
cul
min
ate,
at h
igh
pept
ide
conc
entr
atio
ns, w
ith a
n in
sert
ion
of th
e pe
ptid
e in
to th
e bi
laye
r cor
e, a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith fo
rmat
ion
of p
ores
. Neu
tron
diff
ract
ion
and
spec
ific
deut
eriu
m la
belin
g is
used
to
exam
ine
in d
etai
l the
pep
tide
conf
orm
atio
n. P
ossib
le m
echa
nism
s for
por
e fo
rmat
ion
will
be
disc
usse
d.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 65
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: L
ogan
E. H
illbe
rry
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
172
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
olor
ado
Scho
ol o
f Min
es
Maj
or:
Engi
neer
ing
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I g
et g
reat
joy
form
bot
h le
arni
ng a
nd te
achi
ng. I
pla
n to
get
a P
hD. i
n ph
ysic
s to
cont
inue
le
arni
ng w
hat o
ther
s hav
e al
read
y di
scov
ered
. My
drea
m g
radu
ate
scho
ols i
nclu
de th
e U
nive
rsity
of C
alifo
rnia
San
ta B
arba
and
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k. M
y in
tere
sts a
re in
qua
ntum
com
putin
g, g
ener
al re
lativ
ity, a
nd c
osm
olog
y. I
wou
ld lo
ve to
one
da
y be
a p
rofe
ssor
of p
hysic
s to
shar
e th
e di
scov
erie
s of t
he g
iant
s who
se sh
ould
ers w
e al
l st
and
on.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent l
abor
ator
y, S
enso
r Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Inf
rare
d Te
chno
logy
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Jose
ph P
. Ric
e
Title
of T
alk:
Sp
ectr
al U
nifo
rmity
: The
HIP
Way
Abst
ract
:
An im
agin
g sp
ectr
omet
er is
a d
evic
e th
at c
aptu
res a
n im
age
whe
reby
eac
h pi
xel i
s a h
igh
reso
lutio
n sp
ectr
um. T
he
spec
tra
are
capt
ured
by
colle
ctin
g im
ages
of t
he sc
ene
in d
iscre
te w
avel
engt
h ba
nds a
nd c
ombi
ning
them
into
a
data
cub
e. A
hyp
ersp
ectr
al im
age
is on
e w
hich
is c
olle
cted
in e
noug
h ba
nds t
o re
solv
e th
e en
tire
spec
trum
ove
r a
give
n w
avel
engt
h ra
nge.
Suc
h an
imag
e is
used
in re
mot
e se
nsin
g w
ith a
pplic
atio
ns in
env
ironm
enta
l mon
itorin
g,
defe
nse,
and
hom
elan
d se
curit
y. In
an
effo
rt to
bet
ter c
alib
rate
and
test
such
imag
ers,
the
Nat
iona
l Ins
titut
e of
St
anda
rds a
nd T
echn
olog
y (N
IST)
has
bee
n de
velo
ping
a H
yper
spec
tral
Imag
e Pr
ojec
tor (
HIP)
cap
able
of p
roje
ctin
g dy
nam
ic sc
enes
with
an
arbi
trar
y pr
ogra
mm
able
spec
trum
for e
ach
of it
s 102
4x76
8 pi
xels.
The
HIP
has
a sp
ectr
al
engi
ne, c
apab
le o
f gen
erat
ing
an a
rbitr
ary
spec
trum
, cou
pled
to a
spat
ial e
ngin
e ca
pabl
e of
pro
ject
ing
that
sp
ectr
um in
to th
e co
rrec
t loc
atio
n of
the
scen
e. T
his t
alk
desc
ribes
diff
eren
t con
figur
atio
ns fo
r cou
plin
g th
e sp
ectr
al a
nd sp
atia
l eng
ines
. The
spec
tral
uni
form
ity o
f eac
h is
quan
tifie
d by
a sp
ectr
al a
ngle
map
per (
SAM
) ro
utin
e. T
he g
oal i
s a sp
ectr
ally
uni
form
and
brig
ht p
roje
cted
imag
e. U
sing
an in
tegr
atin
g sp
here
pro
vide
s the
m
ost s
pect
rally
uni
form
imag
e, b
ut a
t a g
reat
loss
of l
ight
. The
refo
re, w
e ex
plor
ed m
ore
light
effi
cien
t met
hods
: a
liqui
d lig
ht g
uide
and
a ra
ndom
ized
fiber
bun
dle.
We
pres
ent q
uant
itativ
e re
sults
com
parin
g th
ese
met
hods
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: T
aran
g Hi
rani
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Hoo
d Co
llege
M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: 5th
yea
r
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): O
btai
n m
ore
expe
rienc
e in
pro
gram
min
g an
d bu
sines
s dev
elop
men
t
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
; App
lied
Econ
omic
s Offi
ce
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Priy
a La
vapp
a
Title
of T
alk:
BI
RDS
Resid
entia
l : s
Mea
surin
g Su
stai
nabi
lity
Abst
ract
: Bu
ildin
g st
akeh
olde
rs a
nd in
vest
ors n
eed
prac
tical
met
rics,
tool
s, a
nd d
ata
to su
ppor
t inv
estm
ent c
hoic
es a
nd
polic
ymak
ing
rela
ted
to su
stai
nabl
e bu
ildin
g de
signs
, tec
hnol
ogie
s, a
nd re
gula
tions
. The
nee
d fo
r thi
s is b
eing
ad
dres
sed
by e
xten
ding
the
met
rics a
nd to
ols f
or su
stai
nabl
e bu
ildin
g pr
oduc
ts, k
now
n as
BEE
S, to
who
le
build
ings
. Thi
s pro
cess
invo
lves
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f sus
tain
abili
ty m
etric
s tha
t are
bas
ed o
n ex
tens
ions
to L
ife-
Cycl
e As
sess
men
t (LC
A) a
nd L
ife C
ycle
Cos
ting
(LCC
) app
roac
hes i
nvol
ving
bui
ldin
g en
ergy
sim
ulat
ions
. Bu
ildin
g In
dust
ry R
epor
ting
and
Desig
n fo
r Sus
tain
abili
ty (B
IRDS
) res
iden
tial m
odul
e ap
plie
s the
new
sust
aina
bilit
y m
easu
rem
ent s
yste
m to
an
exte
nsiv
e re
siden
tial b
uild
ing
perf
orm
ance
dat
abas
e co
mpi
led
by N
IST.
The
dat
abas
e in
clud
es e
nerg
y, e
nviro
nmen
tal,
and
cost
mea
sure
men
t for
resid
entia
l bui
ldin
gs in
229
citi
es a
cros
s the
U.S
. The
su
stai
nabi
lity
perf
orm
ance
of b
uild
ings
des
igne
d to
mee
t cur
rent
stat
e en
ergy
cod
es c
an b
e co
mpa
red
to th
eir
perf
orm
ance
whe
n m
eetin
g fo
ur a
ltern
ativ
e bu
ildin
g en
ergy
stan
dard
edi
tions
to d
eter
min
e th
e im
pact
of e
nerg
y ef
ficie
ncy
on su
stai
nabi
lity
perf
orm
ance
. BIR
DS R
esid
entia
l foc
uses
on
entit
ies s
uch
as fe
dera
l age
ncie
s, st
ate
code
of
ficia
ls, st
anda
rds o
rgan
izatio
ns, a
nd th
e pu
blic
to a
llow
for h
igh
leve
l ana
lysis
of e
nerg
y ef
ficie
ncy.
M
y in
volv
emen
t in
the
proj
ect w
as to
dev
elop
a w
eb a
pplic
atio
n fo
r the
BIR
DS R
esid
entia
l dat
abas
e. T
he
appl
icat
ion
relie
s on
user
-inte
ract
ion
to c
ompa
re a
nd c
ontr
ast d
iffer
ent e
nerg
y, e
nviro
nmen
tal a
nd c
ost
mea
sure
men
t con
stra
ints
. Res
ults
are
disp
laye
d as
gra
phic
al re
pres
enta
tion
of th
e im
pact
of b
uild
ing
loca
tion
and
inve
stor
's tim
e ho
rizon
on
sust
aina
bilit
y pe
rfor
man
ce.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 66
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
essie
Hirt
enst
ein
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
120
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: A
mer
ican
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Phys
ics a
nd M
athe
mat
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
obt
ain
a Ph
D in
Phy
sics
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
and
Com
puta
tiona
l Mat
hem
atic
s Div
ision
, M
athe
mat
ical
Sof
twar
e Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
How
ard
Cohl
Title
of T
alk:
Co
nver
genc
e of
Mag
nus I
nteg
ral A
dditi
on T
heor
ems f
or C
onflu
ent H
yper
geom
etric
Fu
nctio
ns in
Ter
ms o
f Bes
sel a
nd P
arab
olic
Cyl
inde
r Fun
ctio
ns
Ab
stra
ct:
In h
is 19
46 p
ublic
atio
n, W
ilhel
m M
agnu
s pre
sent
ed a
n el
egan
t add
ition
theo
rem
for t
he K
umm
er co
nflu
ent
hype
rgeo
met
ric fu
nctio
n of
the
seco
nd k
ind
expr
esse
d as
an
inte
gral
of a
sim
ple
prod
uct o
f tw
o Ku
mm
er
conf
luen
t hyp
erge
omet
ric fu
nctio
ns o
f the
seco
nd k
ind.
We
take
adv
anta
ge o
f asy
mpt
otic
s for
the
Kum
mer
co
nflu
ent h
yper
geom
etric
func
tion
of th
e se
cond
kin
d to
obt
ain
prec
ise c
onve
rgen
ce d
omai
ns fo
r Mag
nus'
resu
lt.
Rece
ntly
obt
aine
d by
Nic
o Te
mm
e, th
ese
asym
ptot
ics f
or th
e Ku
mm
er c
onflu
ent h
yper
geom
etric
func
tion
of th
e se
cond
kin
d ar
e fo
r the
abs
olut
e va
lue
of th
e fir
st c
ompl
ex p
aram
eter
app
roac
hing
infin
ity. U
sing
wel
l-kno
wn
spec
ializ
atio
ns o
f the
Kum
mer
con
fluen
t hyp
erge
omet
ric fu
nctio
n of
the
seco
nd k
ind,
we
obta
in in
tegr
al a
dditi
on
theo
rem
s for
Han
kel H
0,1
(0,1
) , Mac
dona
ld K
0,1
, an
d re
spec
tivel
y, B
esse
l fun
ctio
ns o
f the
firs
t and
seco
nd k
inds
J 0
,1,
Y 0,
1. W
e al
so sh
ow h
ow th
e in
tegr
ands
of t
hese
add
ition
theo
rem
s can
be
give
n in
term
s of m
odifi
ed
para
bolic
cyl
inde
r fun
ctio
ns w
hose
arg
umen
ts li
e on
com
plex
ort
hogo
nal s
trai
ght l
ine
cont
ours
, /4
radi
ans o
ff th
e re
al a
nd im
agin
ary
axes
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: E
than
Ho
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
142
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: R
eed
Colle
ge
Maj
or:
Bioc
hem
istry
and
Mol
ecul
ar
Biol
ogy
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
or m
edic
al sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, C
hem
ical
Sci
ence
s Div
ision
, Ch
emic
al In
form
atic
s Res
earc
h Gr
oup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Ka
rl Iri
kura
Title
of T
alk:
3-
Dim
ensio
nal S
truc
ture
s for
the
NIS
T Ch
emist
ry W
ebBo
ok: M
y Jo
urne
y fr
om M
olec
ular
O
ptim
izatio
n to
Sel
f-Opt
imiza
tion
Ab
stra
ct:
The
NIS
T Ch
emist
ry W
ebBo
ok is
a fr
ee o
nlin
e da
taba
se o
f mol
ecul
es u
sed
by re
sear
cher
s, e
ngin
eers
, and
stud
ents
w
orld
wid
e. C
urre
ntly
, the
Web
Book
con
tain
s inf
orm
atio
n on
ove
r 110
,000
stru
ctur
es, v
aryi
ng fr
om c
hem
ical
na
mes
to g
as c
hrom
atog
ram
s. O
ur g
oal w
as to
enh
ance
the
Web
Book
by
optim
izing
25,
000
mol
ecul
es a
nd a
ddin
g th
e op
timize
d st
ruct
ures
to th
e da
taba
se.
Durin
g th
is pr
oces
s, w
e al
so v
erifi
ed se
vera
l for
ms o
f ide
ntifi
catio
n in
clud
ing
Inte
rnat
iona
l Uni
on o
f Pur
e an
d Ap
plie
d Ch
emist
ry (I
UPAC
) nom
encl
atur
e, c
hem
ical
form
ulae
, and
Ch
emic
al A
bstr
act S
ervi
ces (
CAS)
num
bers
. U
sing
Gaus
sian0
9, a
com
pute
r pro
gram
for q
uant
um ch
emist
ry, w
e ca
lcul
ated
che
mic
als’
opt
imize
d st
ruct
ures
, th
ereb
y de
term
inin
g th
e at
oms’
3-d
imen
siona
l coo
rdin
ates
in e
ach
mol
ecul
e. I
n or
der t
o co
mpu
te o
ptim
ized
stru
ctur
es, w
e ap
plie
d sim
ple
New
toni
an b
all-a
nd-s
prin
g m
odel
s (M
MFF
and
MM
2) a
nd p
rogr
esse
d to
com
plex
qu
antu
m m
echa
nica
l the
orie
s (PM
6 an
d B3
LYP)
. By
the
end
of th
e su
mm
er, w
e ho
pe to
hav
e co
mpu
ted
com
preh
ensiv
e 3-
dim
ensio
nal d
ata
on e
very
mol
ecul
e in
th
e W
ebBo
ok.
In th
e fu
ture
, the
se st
ruct
ures
can
be
used
as b
ases
for e
xper
imen
tal o
r the
oret
ical
rese
arch
. Th
e ne
t res
ult i
s an
enha
nced
Web
Book
con
tain
ing
mor
e th
orou
gh, d
iver
se, a
nd re
liabl
e da
ta.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 67
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
kye
Horb
rook
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H09
0 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Bow
ie S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Alum
nae
of B
owie
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): M
aste
r’s D
egre
e in
Hum
an-C
ompu
ter I
nter
actio
n, st
artin
g ne
xt y
ear
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Com
pute
r Sec
urity
Div
ision
, Sec
ure
Syst
ems &
Ap
plic
atio
ns G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Vin
cent
Hu
Title
of T
alk:
Re
al-T
ime
Acce
ss C
ontr
ol R
ule
Faul
t Det
ectio
n U
sing
a Si
mul
ated
Log
ic C
ircui
t
Abst
ract
: Ac
cess
Con
trol
(AC)
rest
ricts
the
user
s of a
syst
em to
onl
y ha
ve c
erta
in p
rivile
ges.
AC
polic
ies c
an b
e im
plem
ente
d ba
sed
on d
iffer
ent A
C m
odel
s, w
hich
are
fund
amen
tally
com
pose
d of
sem
antic
ally
inde
pend
ent A
C ru
les i
n ex
pres
sions
of p
rivile
ge a
ssig
nmen
ts d
escr
ibed
by
attr
ibut
es o
f sub
ject
s/at
trib
utes
, act
ions
, obj
ects
/att
ribut
es,
and
envi
ronm
ent v
aria
bles
of t
he p
rote
cted
syst
ems.
Inco
rrec
t im
plem
enta
tions
of A
C po
licie
s res
ult i
n fa
ults
that
no
t onl
y le
ak b
ut a
lso d
isabl
e ac
cess
of i
nfor
mat
ion,
and
faul
ts in
AC
polic
ies a
re d
iffic
ult t
o de
tect
with
out
supp
ort o
f ver
ifica
tion
or a
utom
atic
faul
t det
ectio
n m
echa
nism
s.
This
rese
arch
pro
pose
s an
auto
mat
ic m
etho
d th
roug
h th
e co
nstr
uctio
n of
a si
mul
ated
logi
c ci
rcui
t tha
t sim
ulat
es
AC ru
les i
n AC
pol
icie
s or m
odel
s. T
he si
mul
ated
logi
c ci
rcui
t allo
ws r
eal-t
ime
dete
ctio
n of
pol
icy
faul
ts in
clud
ing
conf
licts
of p
rivile
ge a
ssig
nmen
ts, l
eaks
of i
nfor
mat
ion,
and
con
flict
s of i
nter
est a
ssig
nmen
ts. S
uch
dete
ctio
n is
trad
ition
ally
don
e by
tool
s tha
t per
form
ver
ifica
tion
or te
stin
g af
ter a
ll th
e ru
les o
f the
pol
icy/
mod
el a
re
com
plet
ed, a
nd it
pro
vide
s no
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
sour
ce o
f ver
ifica
tion
erro
rs. T
he re
al-t
ime
faul
t det
ectin
g ca
pabi
lity
prop
osed
by
this
rese
arch
allo
ws a
rule
faul
t to
be d
etec
ted
and
fixed
imm
edia
tely
bef
ore
the
next
rule
is
adde
d to
the
polic
y/m
odel
, thu
s req
uirin
g no
late
r ver
ifica
tion
and
savi
ng a
sign
ifica
nt a
mou
nt o
f fau
lt fix
ing
time.
The
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
simul
ated
logi
c ci
rcui
t has
bee
n de
velo
ped
in JA
VA.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
arod
Hor
n G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mon
tgom
ery
Colle
ge
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I a
m p
lann
ing
to e
nter
a c
aree
r in
sust
aina
ble
ener
gy p
rodu
ctio
n an
d st
orag
e, w
hile
pu
rsui
ng a
gra
duat
e de
gree
in m
echa
nica
l eng
inee
ring.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls M
easu
rem
ent S
cien
ce D
ivisi
on,
Mat
eria
ls fo
r Ene
rgy
and
Sust
aina
ble
Deve
lopm
ent G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Lau
ra E
spin
al
Title
of T
alk:
Ev
alua
te C
O2 S
orpt
ion
Prop
ertie
s of M
olec
ular
Sie
ves w
ith D
istin
ct P
ore
Size
s and
Ext
ra-
Fram
ewor
k Ca
tions
Ab
stra
ct:
Solv
ent-
base
d te
chno
logi
es h
ave
trad
ition
ally
bee
n em
ploy
ed to
cap
ture
CO
2 fr
om st
atio
nary
sour
ces.
Yet
, suc
h te
chno
logi
es re
quire
sign
ifica
nt e
nerg
y fo
r reg
ener
atio
n du
e to
the
larg
e am
ount
of w
ater
(70%
by
wei
ght)
pr
esen
t in
the
solu
tion,
whi
ch is
requ
ired
to m
inim
ize c
orro
sion.
Sol
id so
rben
t mat
eria
ls ar
e be
ing
cons
ider
ed a
s a
solv
ent-
free
alte
rnat
ive
to re
duce
ene
rgy
rege
nera
tion
requ
irem
ents
and
CO
2 ca
ptur
e co
sts.
To
desig
n ne
w
sorb
ent m
ater
ials
that
mee
t suc
h pe
rfor
man
ce g
oals,
we
mus
t hav
e a
deta
iled
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
CO
2/so
rben
t in
tera
ctio
ns. W
e ha
ve e
valu
ated
the
CO2
sorp
tion
prop
ertie
s of o
ctah
edra
l mol
ecul
ar si
eves
(OM
S) w
ith
man
gane
se o
xide
fram
ewor
k in
whi
ch th
e na
nopo
res (
prio
r to
cont
act w
ith C
O2)
app
ear t
o be
of c
ompa
rabl
e siz
e to
the
kine
tic d
iam
eter
of C
O2.
Exp
erim
ents
wer
e pe
rfor
med
in a
hig
h pr
essu
re g
ravi
met
ric in
stru
men
t and
so
rptio
n da
ta w
as c
orre
cted
for b
uoya
ncy.
OM
S m
ater
ials
wer
e us
ed a
s mod
el sy
stem
s with
one
-dim
ensio
nal
1D p
ores
or t
unne
ls lim
ited
degr
ees o
f fre
edom
from
w
hich
CO
2 so
rptio
n m
echa
nism
can
be
easil
y dr
awn.
In
the
spiri
t of w
orki
ng u
nder
a m
ater
ials-
by-d
esig
n fr
amew
ork,
the
mat
eria
ls w
ere
care
fully
sele
cted
to re
pres
ent a
com
bina
tion
of e
xtra
-fram
ewor
k ca
tions
that
[s
low
ly] s
pan
the
chem
ical
spac
e of
fere
d by
the
perio
dic
tabl
e an
d te
st th
e ef
fect
of p
ore
geom
etrie
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 68
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
lexa
nder
Hul
l G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Flo
rida
A&M
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
at F
AMU
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
ndec
ided
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, O
pera
tions
and
Eng
inee
ring
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Joe
Reye
nga
Title
of T
alk:
Re
acto
r Dat
a at
you
r Des
k V2
.0
Abst
ract
: Th
e N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, h
ome
to a
20M
W re
sear
ch re
acto
r, w
as a
ppro
ved
for o
pera
tion
in 1
967,
an
d fir
st re
ache
d cr
itica
lity
in D
ecem
ber o
f tha
t yea
r. As
tech
nolo
gy a
dvan
ced,
muc
h of
the
NCN
R’s f
acili
ties h
ave
been
upg
rade
d an
d im
prov
ed, h
owev
er m
uch
of th
e re
acto
r’s d
ata
has r
emai
ned
view
able
onl
y in
the
cont
rol
room
via
con
sole
s and
ana
logu
e in
dica
tors
. The
se in
dica
tors
and
hist
oric
al lo
gs fo
r the
reac
tor w
ere
only
ac
cess
ible
to th
e re
acto
r ope
rato
rs se
ated
at t
he c
ontr
ol c
onso
le. O
nly
rece
ntly
has
the
data
bee
n m
ade
acce
ssib
le re
mot
ely.
W
ith a
PC
usin
g la
bVIE
W a
nd a
n O
PC se
rver
, the
PC
push
es a
ll of
the
data
poi
nts f
rom
the
cont
rol r
oom
thro
ugh
a se
cure
one
-dire
ctio
nal c
onne
ctio
n an
d on
to th
e N
IST
netw
ork.
A M
ySQ
L da
taba
se h
as b
een
setu
p to
acc
ept t
he
curr
ent v
alue
s and
ove
rwrit
e th
e ol
d va
lues
with
the
new
one
s at a
regu
lar i
nter
val.
A hi
stor
ical
dat
a ta
ble
is cr
eate
d by
pus
hing
the
valu
es to
a se
para
te ta
ble
that
is a
ppen
ded,
as o
ppos
ed to
ove
rwrit
ten.
To
mak
e th
e da
ta
acce
ssib
le to
end
use
rs, t
he d
atab
ase
was
use
d to
des
ign
a de
skto
p ap
plic
atio
n th
at w
ould
allo
w u
sers
to v
iew
the
data
poi
nts u
pdat
ing
in re
al ti
me
as w
ell a
s vie
w tr
ends
by
grap
hing
the
hist
oric
al d
ata;
An
inte
rnal
web
site
was
al
so m
ade,
but
with
less
func
tiona
lity.
Th
is pr
ojec
t ent
aile
d im
prov
emen
t of t
he a
lread
y ex
istin
g pr
ogra
ms w
ith a
focu
s on
user
-frie
ndlin
ess a
nd
func
tiona
lity.
Fun
ctio
nalit
y w
as im
prov
ed w
ith a
dditi
onal
feat
ures
, suc
h as
the
abili
ty to
exp
ort d
ata
as a
CS
V fil
e fo
r use
with
Mic
roso
ft E
xcel
, whi
le u
ser-
frie
ndlin
ess w
as im
prov
ed w
ith th
e ad
ditio
n of
mor
e in
tuiti
ve
aest
hetic
s and
err
or c
ontr
ol fo
r mor
e ea
se o
f use
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
riel I
sser
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d Co
llege
Par
k M
ajor
: Bi
oeng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Po
lym
ers a
nd C
ompl
ex F
luid
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Rich
ard
Sher
idan
(prim
ary)
, Edw
in C
han
Title
of T
alk:
To
war
ds R
obus
t, U
nive
rsal
Pol
ymer
Gra
ftin
g
Abst
ract
: Po
lym
er g
rafti
ng, t
he p
roce
ss o
f tet
herin
g po
lym
er c
hain
s to
a su
bstr
ate,
is a
com
mon
surf
ace
mod
ifica
tion
tech
niqu
e fo
r syn
thes
izing
surf
aces
with
uni
que
phys
ical
and
che
mic
al p
rope
rtie
s. M
any
curr
ent g
raft
ing
met
hods
ei
ther
requ
ire la
rge
amou
nts o
f pol
ymer
, uni
que
poly
mer
-sol
vent
com
bina
tions
, or c
ompl
ex sy
nthe
tic st
eps.
A sim
ple
met
hod
is pr
esen
ted
here
for g
raft
ing
poly
mer
cha
ins w
ith te
ther
-poi
nts c
lose
eno
ugh
to b
e co
nsid
ered
“d
ilute
bru
shes
” us
ing
a va
riety
of a
min
o en
d-fu
nctio
naliz
ed p
olym
ers,
incl
udin
g po
lyst
yren
e, p
oly(
2-vi
nylp
yrid
ine)
, and
pol
y(m
ethy
l met
hacr
ylat
e). P
olym
ers w
ere
depo
sited
from
a d
ilute
solu
tion
via
spin
-coa
ting
to
the
surf
ace
of a
silic
on w
afer
func
tiona
lized
with
3-g
lyci
doxy
prop
yl-tr
imet
hoxy
silan
e an
d th
en g
rafte
d th
roug
h va
por-
trea
tmen
t in
a ch
ambe
r con
tain
ing
a re
serv
oir o
f sol
vent
. The
film
s wer
e ch
arac
teriz
ed u
sing
ellip
som
etry
to
mea
sure
film
thic
knes
s and
ato
mic
forc
e m
icro
scop
y to
ass
ess f
ilm to
pogr
aphy
and
roug
hnes
s. P
relim
inar
y re
sults
show
that
smoo
th, u
nifo
rm fi
lms w
ith th
ickn
esse
s in
the
dilu
te b
rush
regi
me
wer
e ac
hiev
ed fo
r sev
eral
of
the
poly
mer
s and
con
ditio
ns st
udie
d. T
he ti
me-
and
solv
ent-
depe
nden
ce o
f bru
sh fo
rmat
ion
wer
e al
so e
valu
ated
. Cu
rren
t res
ults
sugg
est g
raft
ing
kine
tics d
epen
d on
mol
ecul
ar w
eigh
t and
solv
ent q
ualit
y.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 69
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: N
oura
Bro
ck Ja
ber
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
081
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: B
ryn
Maw
r Col
lege
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
ad sc
hool
, res
earc
h
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
ab, S
emic
ondu
ctor
and
Dim
ensio
nal M
etro
logy
Div
ision
, N
anoe
lect
roni
cs
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. A
ngel
a Hi
ght W
alke
r
Title
of T
alk:
Ex
plor
ing
the
Elec
tric
al P
rope
rtie
s of C
arbo
n N
anot
ube
Mat
eria
ls w
ith R
aman
Sp
ectr
osco
py
Abst
ract
: Si
ngle
-wal
l car
bon
nano
tube
s (SW
CNTs
), w
hich
can
be
visu
alize
d as
a ro
lled-
up, t
wo-
dim
ensio
nal c
arbo
n la
ttic
e (a
.k.a
gra
phen
e), h
ave
exci
ting
phys
ical
pro
pert
ies s
uch
as lo
w m
ass-
to-le
ngth
ratio
and
goo
d th
erm
al a
nd
elec
tric
al c
ondu
ctiv
ity. A
s a re
sult,
SW
CNTs
hol
d gr
eat p
rom
ise in
man
y ap
plic
atio
ns su
ch a
s nan
oele
ctro
nics
and
na
nom
edic
ine.
Our
stud
y of
SW
CNTs
exa
min
es tw
o di
ffere
nt a
pplic
atio
ns. T
he fi
rst i
s sub
stitu
ting
SWCN
Ts fo
r co
pper
in c
oaxi
al c
able
s and
the
othe
r is u
sing
SWCN
Ts o
n sil
icon
waf
ers a
s fie
ld-e
ffect
tran
sisto
rs (F
ETs)
. Co
axia
l cab
les,
use
d to
tran
smit
radi
o an
d m
icro
wav
e fr
eque
ncy
signa
ls, a
re a
n es
tabl
ished
tech
nolo
gica
l nec
essit
y. A
s see
n in
fig
ure
1, th
e m
etal
lic sh
ield
ing
surr
ound
ing
the
diel
ectr
ic
prot
ects
the
signa
l fro
m n
oise
and
oth
er d
isrup
tions
such
as
light
ning
strik
es. B
ecau
se c
oax
shie
lds a
nd c
ores
are
gen
eral
ly
mad
e of
met
als s
uch
as c
oppe
r, th
eir w
eigh
t can
be
a sig
nific
ant
obst
acle
whe
n us
ed o
n ai
r and
spac
ecra
ft. A
pot
entia
l alte
rnat
ive
to c
oppe
r is S
WCN
Ts w
hich
cou
ld re
duce
the
wei
ght b
y 70
%. T
he
seco
nd a
pplic
atio
n of
SW
CNTs
exa
min
ed w
as th
eir p
oten
tial u
se
as F
ETs.
Her
e SW
CNTs
wer
e di
sper
sed
from
diff
eren
t sta
rtin
g co
ncen
trat
ions
and
chi
ral p
opul
atio
ns o
nto
SiO
2/Si
. The
se
nano
devi
ces a
re im
port
ant i
n m
ultip
le fi
elds
and
are
bei
ng
expl
ored
by
indu
strie
s and
def
ense
org
aniza
tions
. Th
e m
etho
d us
ed to
pro
be th
e SW
CNT
mat
eria
ls in
thes
e ap
plic
atio
ns w
as in
situ
Ram
an sp
ectr
osco
py. M
icro
wav
e or
ele
ctro
nic
signa
ls w
ere
pass
ed th
roug
h th
e SW
CNTs
whi
le R
aman
spec
tra
wer
e sim
ulta
neou
sly c
olle
cted
. In
Ram
an sp
ectr
osco
py, i
nela
stic
ally
scat
tere
d ph
oton
s are
col
lect
ed w
hich
cor
rela
te to
the
vibr
atio
ns b
etw
een
each
at
om in
a sa
mpl
e. T
he R
aman
met
hod
was
cho
sen
beca
use
this
type
of v
ibra
tiona
l spe
ctro
scop
y pr
ovid
es a
rich
am
ount
of i
nfor
mat
ion
on S
WCN
Ts’ d
iam
eter
, cry
stal
stru
ctur
e, d
efec
t den
sity,
and
mor
e. B
y ob
serv
ing
spec
tral
ch
ange
s as i
ndic
ated
by
varia
tions
in R
aman
feat
ures
such
as t
he R
adia
l Bre
athi
ng M
ode
(RBM
), D,
G, a
nd G
pe
aks,
we
can
iden
tify
the
capa
bilit
ies a
nd li
mita
tions
of S
WCN
T-ba
sed
devi
ces.
SW
CNT
coax
cab
les a
re
illum
inat
ing
the
path
to li
ghte
r, m
ore
fuel
-effi
cien
t airp
lane
s, je
ts a
nd sp
acec
raft
—m
akin
g fly
ing
less
en
viro
nmen
tally
des
truc
tive
and
cost
ly a
s wel
l as e
nabl
ing
long
er sp
ace
miss
ions
and
bet
ter a
stro
nom
ical
re
sear
ch. S
WCN
T FE
Ts a
re le
adin
g th
e w
ay to
bet
ter n
anoe
lect
roni
cs w
hich
cou
ld b
enef
it m
any
indu
strie
s and
sc
ient
ific
field
s.
Figu
re 1
: Coa
xial
Cab
le
http
://e
n.w
ikip
edia
.org
/wik
i/Coa
xial
_cab
le
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
biga
il Ja
ckso
n G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
4 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, B
altim
ore
Coun
ty
Maj
or:
Bioc
hem
istry
and
Mol
ecul
ar
Biol
ogy
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
in c
hem
istry
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, B
iosy
stem
s and
Bio
mat
eria
ls Di
visio
n,
Biom
ater
ials
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Jir
un S
un
Title
of T
alk:
N
ew G
ener
atio
n De
ntal
Res
in C
ompo
sites
Abst
ract
: In
the
USA
alo
ne, 1
22.7
mill
ion
dent
al re
sin c
ompo
site
rest
orat
ions
wer
e pl
aced
in 2
006,
an
incr
ease
of a
bout
40%
fr
om 1
999
(ADA
Hea
lth R
esou
rces
Pol
icy
Surv
ey).
The
curr
ent t
rend
in c
linic
al d
entis
try
indi
cate
s tha
t thi
s num
ber
is lik
ely
to in
crea
se. M
any
if no
t mos
t of t
he c
urre
ntly
ava
ilabl
e m
ater
ials
and
thei
r acc
ompa
nyin
g in
stru
ctio
ns fo
r us
e do
not
pro
duce
satis
fact
ory
dura
bilit
y an
d es
thet
ics o
ver t
ime.
The
shor
t ave
rage
serv
ice
life
of th
ese
syst
ems
and
conc
erns
rega
rdin
g le
ache
d un
reac
ted
mon
omer
s, an
d po
ssib
ly b
isphe
nol A
(BPA
), an
d de
grad
atio
n pr
oduc
ts
from
thes
e sy
stem
s are
evi
ncin
g a
need
for n
ew, l
ong
last
ing
com
posit
e po
lym
ers,
fille
rs a
nd a
dhes
ive
com
pone
nts t
o im
prov
e th
e de
ntal
and
ora
l hea
lth o
f den
tal p
atie
nts e
very
whe
re. H
ere,
I pr
esen
t the
con
cept
of
nove
l den
tal r
esin
s as s
eala
nts,
resin
mat
rix, a
nd d
enta
l adh
esiv
es th
at a
re su
perio
r in
prop
ertie
s and
end
uran
ce
to c
urre
nt B
isGM
A/TE
GDM
A re
sin sy
stem
s. T
he d
urab
ility
of t
he n
ew re
sins w
ill b
e im
prov
ed b
y re
plac
ing
the
hydr
olyz
able
est
er g
roup
s in
BisG
MA/
TEGD
MA
syst
ems w
ith h
ydro
lytic
ally
stab
le e
ther
gro
ups.
New
resin
m
onom
ers t
hat a
re n
ot su
scep
tible
tow
ard
enzy
mat
ic o
r hyd
roly
tic d
egra
datio
n w
ere
synt
hesiz
ed a
nd
char
acte
rized
. In
addi
tion,
new
initi
ator
syst
ems w
ere
test
ed, a
nd m
any
com
bina
tions
of d
iffer
ent r
esin
m
onom
ers w
ere
exam
ined
to a
chie
ve re
quire
men
ts fo
r clin
ical
pra
ctic
e.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 70
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
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IST
– Ga
ither
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D Au
gust
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, 201
4
Nam
e: L
eona
rd C
. Jac
ques
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
4 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, B
altim
ore
Coun
ty
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ea
rn a
PhD
in M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
or M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Mat
eria
ls an
d St
ruct
ural
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Po
lym
eric
Mat
eria
ls Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. A
aron
For
ster
Title
of T
alk:
In
terf
acia
l she
ar st
reng
th m
easu
rem
ents
for h
ybrid
nan
ocom
posit
es u
sing
fiber
“pu
sh”
met
hods
Abst
ract
: Th
ere
are
over
60,
000
brid
ges i
n th
e U
nite
d St
ates
cur
rent
ly c
onsid
ered
“st
ruct
ural
ly d
efic
ient
”, it
is im
port
ant t
o di
scov
er w
ays t
o de
tect
failu
res i
n st
ruct
ures
bef
ore
cata
stro
phic
eve
nts a
re a
llow
ed to
occ
ur.
Hybr
id c
ompo
sites
re
info
rced
with
car
bon
nano
tube
s are
a v
iabl
e so
lutio
n to
this
prob
lem
. Fi
ber c
ompo
sites
are
com
pose
d of
a
mat
rix th
at h
olds
fibe
rs o
rient
ed in
thei
r str
onge
st d
irect
ion.
The
inte
rfac
e be
twee
n th
e fib
er a
nd th
e m
atrix
is
impo
rtan
t to
the
over
all s
tren
gth
of th
e co
mpo
site,
bec
ause
failu
re in
this
regi
on le
ads t
o co
mpo
site
failu
re.
Hybr
id fi
ber c
ompo
sites
util
ize c
arbo
n na
notu
bes,
att
ache
d at
the
inte
rfac
e of
the
fiber
, to
enha
nce
the
inte
rfac
e st
reng
th a
nd a
dd c
ondu
ctiv
ity to
the
mat
eria
l. T
he p
urpo
se o
f thi
s pro
ject
is to
mea
sure
the
chan
ge o
f th
e in
terf
acia
l she
ar st
reng
th in
car
bon
nano
tube
rein
forc
ed c
ompo
sites
usin
g “f
iber
pus
h-ou
t” a
nd “
fiber
pus
h-in
” te
chni
ques
. Th
e “f
iber
pus
h-ou
t” te
chni
que
invo
lved
the
use
of a
Nan
oind
ente
r XP
(MTS
, USA
) to
push
in
divi
dual
fibe
rs, ~
10 m
icro
ns in
dia
met
er, o
ut o
f a m
atrix
of E
pon
828
(Epo
xy) c
ured
with
Anc
amid
e 35
1A.
The
“fib
er p
ush-
in”
tech
niqu
e in
volv
es in
dent
ing
the
surf
ace
of th
e fib
er to
det
erm
ine
the
inte
rfac
ial s
hear
stre
ngth
. Th
e te
st m
etho
ds p
ract
iced
hav
e sh
own
inte
rfac
ial d
ebon
ding
bet
wee
n th
e m
atrix
and
the
fiber
. Id
eally
, m
easu
rem
ent m
etho
ds a
re si
mpl
e, b
ut a
re su
bjec
t to
man
y ob
stac
les d
urin
g im
plem
enta
tion.
Bot
h te
chni
ques
w
ere
empl
oyed
to a
ttem
pt to
mea
sure
the
inte
rfac
ial s
hear
stre
ngth
of a
bar
e fib
er a
nd a
nan
otub
e de
cora
ted
fiber
in th
e ep
oxy
mat
rix.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
rec
Jam
goch
ian
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring,
Phy
sics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to st
art a
n en
gine
erin
g fir
m
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
enso
r Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Th
erm
odyn
amic
Met
rolo
gy G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Zee
shan
Ahm
ed
Title
of T
alk:
De
velo
pmen
t of a
Hig
h Re
solu
tion
Phot
onic
Spe
ctro
met
er
Abst
ract
: W
e ar
e de
velo
ping
the
next
gen
erat
ion
of p
hoto
nic
sens
ors f
or a
pplic
atio
ns in
tem
pera
ture
and
pre
ssur
e m
etro
logy
. Thi
s sum
mer
I w
as in
volv
ed in
exe
cutin
g cr
itica
l tes
ts fo
r val
idat
ing
perf
orm
ance
of a
new
hig
h re
solu
tion
tuna
ble
spec
trom
eter
. Thi
s spe
ctro
met
er e
mpl
oys a
C-b
and
diod
e la
ser,
a w
avem
eter
, an
InGa
As
phot
o-de
tect
or, a
nd a
tem
pera
ture
bat
h to
ena
ble
high
reso
lutio
n (0
.1 p
m re
solu
tion)
inve
stig
atio
n of
pho
toni
c se
nsor
’s te
mpe
ratu
re re
spon
se. W
e ut
ilize
d sin
gle
Fibe
r Bra
gg g
ratin
gs a
nd a
n ar
ray
of 5
gra
tings
in a
sing
le fi
ber
to d
eter
min
e la
ser p
ower
dep
ende
nce
and
tem
pera
ture
equ
ilibr
atio
n tim
e. F
urth
erm
ore,
we
succ
essf
ully
em
bedd
ed F
iber
Bra
gg g
ratin
gs in
side
3D-p
rinte
d sc
affo
lds.
Our
pre
limin
ary
resu
lts in
dica
te e
mbe
dded
FBG
show
sig
nific
ant c
hang
es in
line
wid
th a
nd te
mpe
ratu
re –
depe
nden
t fre
quen
cy re
spon
se. T
his w
ork
lays
the
grou
ndw
ork
for f
utur
e w
ork
in e
mbe
dded
sens
ors i
nclu
ding
the
use
of F
BG in
tiss
ue e
ngin
eerin
g ex
perim
ents
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 71
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
helle
y Jin
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d—Co
llege
Par
k M
ajor
: Fi
re P
rote
ctio
n En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or (4
th) y
ear o
f und
ergr
adua
te d
egre
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
anni
ng o
n co
mpl
etin
g th
e 5
year
mas
ter’s
pro
gram
offe
red
by m
y de
part
men
t
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Fire
Res
earc
h Di
visio
n, F
ire F
ight
ing
Tech
nolo
gy G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Mic
helle
Don
nelly
Title
of T
alk:
M
ayda
y! M
ayda
y!: I
nves
tigat
ing
the
Perf
orm
ance
of R
adio
Cab
les i
n Hi
gh T
empe
ratu
re
Envi
ronm
ents
Ab
stra
ct:
Radi
os a
re li
fesa
ving
equ
ipm
ent t
hat a
llow
s fire
figh
ters
to c
omm
unic
ate
with
one
ano
ther
to c
oord
inat
e fir
efig
htin
g op
erat
ions
. The
refo
re, i
t is e
ssen
tial t
hat r
adio
s can
ope
rate
in h
igh
tem
pera
ture
scen
ario
s. T
here
are
no
cur
rent
stan
dard
s reg
ulat
ing
radi
o pe
rfor
man
ce o
r tes
ting;
how
ever
the
Nat
iona
l Fire
Pro
tect
ion
Asso
ciat
ion
(NFP
A) is
cur
rent
ly d
evel
opin
g a
code
, NFP
A180
2, w
hich
will
add
ress
radi
o pe
rfor
man
ce. T
his p
roje
ct a
ims t
o m
ake
test
ing
reco
mm
enda
tions
to th
e N
FPA1
802
com
mitt
ee.
In th
is ex
perim
ent,
inve
stig
ator
s loo
ked
spec
ifica
lly a
t the
cab
le th
at c
onne
cts t
he ra
dio
to a
spea
ker m
icro
phon
e.
Earli
er re
sults
indi
cate
the
cabl
e m
ight
be
the
first
com
pone
nt to
fail
in a
fire
. An
in h
ouse
fabr
icat
ed d
evic
e ca
lled
a flo
w lo
op w
as u
sed
to su
bjec
t the
se c
able
s to
vary
ing
amou
nts o
f con
vect
ive
heat
stre
ss. T
he fl
ow lo
op c
onta
ins
a te
stin
g ch
ambe
r equ
ippe
d w
ith a
ther
moc
oupl
e tr
ee, b
i-dire
ctio
nal v
eloc
ity p
robe
s and
hea
t flu
x ga
uges
. Sig
nals
from
thes
e de
vice
s are
reco
rded
in a
Lab
VIEW
dat
a fil
e an
d ar
e us
ed to
mon
itor t
he c
ham
ber t
o en
sure
con
siste
nt
test
ing
cond
ition
s.
Cabl
es a
re is
olat
ed fo
r tes
ting
by h
angi
ng th
em o
n a
stan
d an
d th
en st
retc
hing
them
to so
that
the
radi
o an
d sp
eake
r mic
roph
ones
are
loca
ted
outs
ide
the
test
ing
cham
ber d
urin
g th
e te
st. T
herm
ocou
ples
are
also
arr
ange
d on
the
cabl
e its
elf a
nd th
e ai
r in
betw
een
the
cabl
e lo
ops,
in o
rder
to m
onito
r tem
pera
ture
s on
the
equi
pmen
t du
ring
the
test
. The
radi
o is
dire
ctly
hoo
ked
up to
a sp
ectr
um a
naly
zer a
nd th
e sp
eake
r mic
roph
one
is ro
utin
ely
pres
sed
to e
valu
ate
radi
o sig
nal s
tren
gth.
The
two
mai
n te
stin
g co
nditi
ons a
re a
15
min
ute
expo
sure
at 1
60o C,
de
emed
a T
herm
al C
lass
II fi
re si
tuat
ion,
and
a 5
min
ute
expo
sure
at 2
60o C,
dee
med
a T
herm
al C
lass
III f
ire
cond
ition
. Res
ults
show
ed th
at a
ll ca
bles
test
ed m
anag
ed to
pas
s the
The
rmal
Cla
ss II
con
ditio
n. M
ost f
aile
d w
hen
unde
rgoi
ng T
herm
al C
lass
III,
but s
ome
spec
ified
to b
e fo
r “ex
trem
e” c
ondi
tions
surv
ived
. Bas
ed o
n th
is, th
e la
b be
lieve
s it w
ould
be
prud
ent t
o re
com
men
d th
e N
FPA1
802
com
mitt
ee to
requ
ire c
able
s pas
s thi
s crit
eria
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
aria
Kap
lan
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: Ch
emic
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Co
nsul
tant
in C
hem
ical
Eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing,
Fu
nctio
nal P
olym
ers G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Le
e Ri
chte
r
Title
of T
alk:
U
niax
ial O
rient
atio
n of
Pol
ymer
s: F
abric
atio
n of
Ani
sotr
opic
Org
anic
Sem
icon
duct
or F
ilms
Abst
ract
:
Org
anic
sem
icon
duct
or fi
lms h
ave
the
pote
ntia
l to
enab
le su
stai
nabl
e m
anuf
actu
ring
for p
rinte
d el
ectr
onic
s with
lo
w th
erm
al b
udge
t, ro
ll-to
-rol
l pro
cess
es.
Unl
ike
com
mon
ly u
sed
inor
gani
c sy
mm
etric
mat
eria
ls su
ch a
s Sili
con,
or
gani
c fil
ms e
xhib
it hi
ghly
ani
sotr
opic
loca
l ele
ctric
al p
rope
rtie
s. A
niso
trop
y in
org
anic
thin
film
s is i
mpo
rtan
t for
se
mic
ondu
ctor
per
form
ance
bec
ause
typi
cally
onl
y on
e di
rect
ion
in th
e un
it ce
ll w
ill e
ffect
ivel
y tr
ansm
it ch
arge
an
d ha
ve a
hig
h m
obili
ty.
It is
nece
ssar
y to
con
trol
pol
ymer
orie
ntat
ion
and
unde
rsta
nd th
e m
ater
ial p
rope
rtie
s of
prin
ted
film
s. T
his a
llow
s for
opt
imiza
tion
of th
e or
ient
atio
n of
the
activ
e la
yer w
hich
will
enh
ance
dev
ice
perf
orm
ance
. Th
e fa
bric
atio
n of
ani
sotr
opic
thin
film
s can
be
acco
mpl
ished
usin
g m
etho
ds su
ch a
s bla
de c
oatin
g an
d dr
op c
astin
g. F
ilm o
rient
atio
n by
bla
de c
oatin
g w
as st
udie
d by
usin
g tw
o ap
proa
ches
: cry
stal
lizat
ion
addi
tives
an
d na
nogr
oove
d su
bstr
ates
. O
ptic
al te
chni
ques
such
as e
llips
omet
ry, a
tom
ic fo
rce
mic
rosc
opy
UV-
vis a
bsor
ptio
n w
ere
used
to q
uant
ify th
e fil
m o
rient
atio
n on
test
subs
trat
es.
Elec
tric
al te
stin
g of
dev
ices
was
per
form
ed o
n th
in
film
tran
sisto
rs to
det
erm
ine
aniso
trop
ic p
rope
rtie
s and
mob
ility
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 72
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Luc
iann
a C.
Kiff
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
132
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: T
ulan
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: M
athe
mat
ics a
nd C
ompu
ter
Scie
nce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l in
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
& C
ompu
tatio
nal M
athe
mat
ics D
ivisi
on,
Mat
hem
atic
al S
oftw
are
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: St
ephe
n La
nger
Title
of T
alk:
Ad
just
men
ts a
nd A
dditi
ons t
o th
e O
OF
Soft
war
e
Abst
ract
: A
time
cons
umin
g pr
oces
s for
man
y so
ftwar
e de
velo
pers
is th
e m
aint
enan
ce o
f use
r err
or re
port
s whi
ch g
ener
ally
co
me
in th
e fo
rm o
f em
ails
from
use
rs. T
hese
ofte
n la
ck n
eces
sary
info
rmat
ion
and
invo
lve
a lo
t of b
ack
and
fort
h be
twee
n th
e us
er a
nd th
e de
velo
per.
Part
of m
y pr
ojec
t inv
olve
d cr
eatin
g an
err
or re
port
ing
user
inte
rfac
e th
at
com
pile
s all
the
info
rmat
ion
nece
ssar
y fo
r the
dev
elop
er to
und
erst
and
whe
re th
e er
ror i
s com
ing
from
, whi
le a
lso
givi
ng th
e us
er th
e op
port
unity
to o
mit
prop
rieta
ry in
form
atio
n or
file
s. T
his e
rror
repo
rtin
g co
de w
ill b
e us
ed in
N
IST'
s Fin
ite E
lem
ent A
naly
sis o
f Mic
rost
ruct
ures
softw
are,
Obj
ect O
rient
ed F
inite
Ele
men
ts (O
OF)
. OO
F is
writ
ten
in
the
lang
uage
s Pyt
hon
and
C++
and
a se
cond
par
t of m
y pr
ojec
t inv
olve
d al
terin
g an
othe
r sof
twar
e pa
ckag
e ca
lled
Sim
plifi
ed W
rapp
er a
nd In
terf
ace
Gene
rato
r (SW
IG) t
hat O
OF
uses
to g
ener
ate
wra
pper
cod
e to
tran
slate
bet
wee
n O
OF'
s Pyt
hon
and
C++
code
. The
ver
sion
of S
WIG
use
d in
OO
F is
an o
lder
stab
le v
ersio
n th
at w
as p
rodu
cing
cod
e th
at w
as b
eing
dep
reca
ted
in m
oder
n co
mpi
lers
. The
se d
epre
catio
ns w
ere
prod
ucin
g w
arni
ngs t
hat c
ould
bec
ome
prob
lem
atic
in n
ewer
com
pile
rs. F
or p
art o
f my
proj
ect I
cle
aned
up
this
vers
ion
of S
WIG
to b
e di
strib
uted
with
OO
F.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: T
imot
hy K
im
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
on a
tten
ding
gra
d sc
hool
, but
I ha
ve n
ot y
et d
ecid
ed w
here
. I p
lan
on b
ecom
ing
a so
ftwar
e de
velo
per i
n th
e ea
rly st
ages
of m
y ca
reer
and
eve
ntua
lly m
ovin
g up
to a
m
anag
eria
l pos
ition
at a
soft
war
e de
velo
pmen
t com
pany
. N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy L
abor
ator
y, S
oftw
are
& S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on, I
nfor
mat
ion
Syst
ems
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: W
alid
Key
rouz
Title
of T
alk:
La
rge
Imag
e Vi
sual
izatio
n
Abst
ract
: Pa
nora
mic
imag
ing
in c
onsu
mer
dig
ital c
amer
as a
ssem
bles
a fe
w p
artia
l im
ages
of a
scen
e in
to a
sing
le c
oher
ent
imag
e. T
his o
ccur
s bec
ause
the
cam
era’
s fie
ld o
f vie
w is
smal
ler t
han
the
scen
e be
ing
phot
ogra
phed
. Th
is ph
enom
enon
occ
urs o
n a
muc
h la
rger
scal
e in
Sci
ence
: bio
logi
sts g
ener
ate
very
larg
e im
ages
(100
000
pix
els p
er
side,
for a
file
size
of a
bout
20
GB) w
hen
imag
ing
plat
es w
ith h
igh-
end
optic
al m
icro
scop
y; a
stro
nom
ers p
rodu
ce
simila
rly la
rge
imag
es in
thei
r sky
surv
eys.
The
se la
rge
imag
es p
rese
nt tw
o ch
alle
nges
: no
disp
lay
syst
em
(incl
udin
g di
spla
y w
alls)
can
rend
er th
em a
t ful
l res
olut
ion;
mos
t wor
ksta
tions
can
not l
oad
them
into
mem
ory.
Th
ese
limita
tions
leav
e us
with
a ra
nge
of a
ltern
ativ
es fo
r vie
win
g th
e im
age.
At o
ne e
xtre
me,
the
user
can
vie
w a
do
wns
ampl
ed v
ersio
n of
the
imag
e in
ord
er to
fit t
he c
ompl
ete
imag
e on
the
disp
lay
syst
em. A
t the
oth
er e
nd, t
he
user
can
vie
w o
nly
a pa
rtia
l sec
tion
of th
e im
age
at it
s hig
hest
reso
lutio
n. I
pres
ent a
Java
app
licat
ion
prog
ram
min
g in
terf
ace
(API
) tha
t is c
apab
le o
f que
ryin
g re
gion
s of t
he im
age
at a
cer
tain
dow
nsam
ple
leve
l. Bo
th
the
win
dow
ed re
gion
and
the
dow
nsam
ple
leve
l are
spec
ified
by
the
user
. Thi
s API
allo
ws f
or p
rope
rly v
isual
izing
la
rge
imag
es b
y ge
nera
ting
the
requ
este
d re
gion
s of t
he im
age
(dow
nsam
pled
or n
ot) o
n de
man
d. T
his a
ppro
ach
optim
izes p
erfo
rman
ce a
nd sy
stem
resp
onsiv
enes
s by
load
ing
only
the
nece
ssar
y po
rtio
ns o
f the
imag
e in
to
mem
ory.
The
API
will
be
used
in c
onju
nctio
n w
ith a
Gra
phic
al U
ser I
nter
face
so th
at a
s the
use
r zoo
ms o
r pan
s ac
ross
an
imag
e, th
e AP
I will
gen
erat
e an
d di
spla
y th
e co
rrec
tly d
owns
ampl
ed re
gion
in th
e vi
ew w
indo
w.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 73
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: G
edal
iah
Knizh
nik
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te fr
om U
MD,
Col
lege
Par
k. P
roba
bly
grad
uate
scho
ol a
nd a
car
eer i
n in
dust
ry.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
In
form
atio
n M
odel
ing
and
Test
ing
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Su
dars
an R
achu
ri
Title
of T
alk:
Se
man
tic in
terp
reta
tion
of B
ayes
ian
infe
renc
e in
a m
anuf
actu
ring
scen
ario
Abst
ract
: Ba
yesia
n ne
twor
ks a
re a
stat
istic
al to
ol th
at a
llow
s the
mod
elin
g of
det
erm
inist
ic a
nd p
roba
bilis
tic re
latio
nshi
ps
betw
een
varia
bles
in a
syst
em. S
uch
rela
tions
hips
are
pre
vale
nt in
mul
titud
es o
f ind
ustr
ial a
nd m
anuf
actu
ring
appl
icat
ions
. Bay
esia
n Ne
twor
ks p
rovi
de a
pow
erfu
l and
use
ful m
etho
d of
bot
h co
mpu
ting
the
likel
ihoo
d an
d an
alyz
ing
the
caus
es o
f fai
lure
s. U
nder
stan
ding
how
this
mod
ellin
g m
etho
dolo
gy c
an b
e us
ed in
man
ufac
turin
g is
impo
rtan
t to
redu
cing
cos
ts a
nd in
crea
sing
effic
ienc
y by
effe
ctiv
ely
man
agin
g an
d co
ntro
lling
failu
res.
O
ntol
ogie
s are
form
alize
d re
pres
enta
tions
of i
nfor
mat
ion
abou
t con
cept
s and
thei
r rel
atio
nshi
ps. T
hey
enco
de
info
rmat
ion
that
hum
ans u
nder
stan
d in
here
ntly
in a
lang
uage
that
com
pute
rs c
an u
nder
stan
d an
d us
e to
dra
w
infe
renc
es. O
ntol
ogie
s thu
s pro
vide
a w
ay to
link
real
wor
ld in
form
atio
n ab
out a
syst
em w
ith a
com
pute
r’s
anal
ytic
al to
ols.
In th
is pr
ojec
t I st
udie
d ex
istin
g lit
erat
ure
on b
oth
Baye
sian
netw
orks
and
ont
olog
ies i
n th
e re
alm
of
man
ufac
turin
g an
d in
vest
igat
ed th
e po
ssib
ility
and
util
ity o
f a c
onne
ctio
n be
twee
n th
e tw
o; I
used
a B
ayes
ian
netw
ork
to m
odel
a m
anuf
actu
ring
scen
ario
and
an
onto
logy
to re
pres
ent t
he se
man
tics o
f the
dom
ain.
The
aim
of
the
proj
ect i
s to
show
that
the
info
rmat
ion
in th
e Ba
yesia
n ne
twor
k ca
n be
map
ped
onto
the
onto
logy
, and
that
th
e st
atist
ical
infe
renc
es o
f the
Bay
esia
n ne
twor
k ca
n be
tran
slate
d in
to sp
ecifi
c se
man
tic a
sser
tions
and
giv
en
mea
ning
by
way
of t
he o
ntol
ogy.
Thi
s is v
alua
ble
beca
use
it ca
n br
idge
the
gap
betw
een
num
eric
al re
sults
and
th
eir r
elev
ance
to th
e ph
ysic
al sy
stem
by
givi
ng th
e co
nclu
sions
spec
ific
mea
ning
thro
ugh
sem
antic
lang
uage
. Fu
ture
goa
ls of
the
rese
arch
incl
ude
the
auto
mat
ion
of th
is pr
oces
s, pe
rhap
s by
mea
ns o
f the
Java
pro
gram
min
g la
ngua
ge.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
lexa
nder
Kor
dell
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
anni
ng o
n at
tend
ing
grad
uate
scho
ol a
t the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Th
erm
odyn
amic
s and
Kin
etic
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. C
arel
yn C
ampb
ell
Title
of T
alk:
M
ater
ials
Info
rmat
ics f
or th
e M
ater
ials
Geno
me
Initi
ativ
e
Abst
ract
: A
s ann
ounc
ed b
y th
e W
hite
Hou
se in
June
201
1, th
e go
al o
f the
Mat
eria
ls Ge
nom
e In
itiat
ive
is to
redu
ce th
e co
st
and
dura
tion
of th
e m
ater
ials
deve
lopm
ent a
nd d
eplo
ymen
t cyc
le b
y 50
per
cent
. Acc
eler
atio
n of
this
mag
nitu
de
requ
ires a
ccur
ate
and
effic
ient
mod
els f
or th
e ca
lcul
atio
n of
pha
se-b
ased
mat
eria
l pro
pert
ies,
incl
udin
g th
erm
odyn
amic
pro
pert
ies,
diffu
sion
mob
ilitie
s, e
last
ic c
onst
ants
, and
ther
mal
exp
ansio
n co
effic
ient
s. F
or a
giv
en
phas
e, th
ese
mod
els a
re e
xpre
ssed
as f
unct
ions
of t
empe
ratu
re, m
ater
ial c
ompo
sitio
n, a
nd p
ress
ure.
Cur
rent
ac
cess
to p
hase
-bas
ed p
rope
rty
data
is li
mite
d, a
s the
nee
ded
expe
rimen
tal a
nd c
ompu
tatio
nal d
ata
are
ofte
n sc
atte
red
acro
ss b
oth
real
and
virt
ual s
pace
. Thi
s pro
blem
mak
es it
diff
icul
t to
both
loca
te a
nd u
se d
ata
effic
ient
ly.
Impr
ovin
g th
e ac
cess
to o
f pha
se-b
ased
pro
pert
y da
ta re
quire
s a n
ew m
ater
ials
data
infr
astr
uctu
re th
at
inco
rpor
ates
flex
ible
, pla
tform
inde
pend
ent X
ML-
base
d da
ta fo
rmat
s. U
sing
XML-
base
d da
ta sc
hem
as w
ill
faci
litat
e ac
cess
to d
ata
repo
sitor
ies u
sing
exist
ing
and
read
ily a
vaila
ble
tool
s, an
d w
ill a
llow
for e
asy
data
m
odifi
catio
n fo
r fut
ure
appl
icat
ions
. Thi
s wor
k w
ill d
emon
stra
te th
e de
velo
pmen
t of X
ML-
base
d da
ta sc
hem
as fo
r th
erm
al e
xpan
sion
and
elas
ticity
pro
pert
y da
ta b
ased
on
past
exp
erim
ents
. Th
e th
erm
al e
xpan
sion
and
elas
ticity
da
ta w
ill b
e ac
cess
ible
in th
e N
IST
Mat
eria
ls Da
ta C
urat
or, t
he N
IST
Dspa
ce re
posit
ory,
and
the
Gran
ta M
I in
terf
ace
with
in th
e AS
M S
truc
tura
l Dat
a De
mon
stra
tion
Proj
ect
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 74
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
esse
Kos
ior
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
140
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: R
owan
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
anni
ng to
con
tinue
ont
o gr
adua
te sc
hool
pur
suin
g ei
ther
rese
arch
or e
duca
tion.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
enso
r Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Th
erm
odyn
amic
Met
rolo
gy G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: M
icha
l Cho
jnac
ky
Title
of T
alk:
In
vest
igat
ing
Met
hods
for S
afe
Vacc
ine
Tran
spor
tatio
n
Abst
ract
: Th
e Ce
nter
s for
Dise
ase
Cont
rol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n (C
DC) d
istrib
utes
$3.
6 bi
llion
wor
th o
f vac
cine
to lo
w-in
com
e an
d un
der-
insu
red
child
ren
thro
ugh
its V
acci
nes f
or C
hild
ren
(VFC
) pro
gram
eac
h ye
ar.
Vacc
ines
requ
ire st
rict
tem
pera
ture
con
trol
thro
ugho
ut st
orag
e an
d tr
ansp
ort t
o en
sure
they
rem
ain
effe
ctiv
e. Im
prop
erly
-sto
red
vacc
ines
lose
pot
ency
, res
ultin
g in
was
te, a
ccid
enta
l adm
inist
ratio
n of
inef
fect
ive
vacc
ines
, and
the
risk
of v
acci
ne-
prev
enta
ble
outb
reak
s. V
FC p
rovi
ders
may
be
requ
ired
to tr
ansp
ort v
acci
nes i
n a
varie
ty o
f circ
umst
ance
s,
incl
udin
g du
ring
emer
genc
ies l
ike
pow
er o
utag
es, t
o di
stri b
ute
vacc
ines
bet
wee
n sa
telli
te o
ffice
s, an
d to
del
iver
va
ccin
es to
fiel
d im
mun
izatio
n cl
inic
s. C
urre
ntly
, the
safe
ty a
nd e
ffect
iven
ess o
f com
mon
ly u
sed
vacc
ine
tran
spor
t m
ater
ials
is no
t kno
wn,
and
ther
e is
no p
ract
ical
met
hod
for d
eter
min
ing
vacc
ine
pote
ncy
upon
arr
ival
. For
this
reas
on, N
IST
has i
nves
tigat
ed m
etho
ds fo
r saf
e tr
ansp
ort a
nd te
mpe
ratu
re m
onito
ring
of v
acci
nes.
Rea
l–lif
e va
ccin
e tr
ansp
ort s
cena
rios w
ere
simul
ated
in te
sts u
sing
diffe
rent
con
tain
ers,
cold
pac
ks, r
efrig
eran
t con
ditio
ning
m
etho
ds, a
nd v
aria
ble
ambi
ent c
ondi
tions
to o
bser
ve th
e ef
fect
s on
cont
aine
d va
ccin
e te
mpe
ratu
re. T
-Typ
e th
erm
ocou
ples
wer
e im
mer
sed
in v
acci
nes a
nd p
lace
d th
roug
hout
the
tran
spor
t con
tain
ers t
o m
onito
r te
mpe
ratu
res t
hrou
ghou
t tes
ting.
Tem
pera
ture
dat
a lo
ggin
g de
vice
s rec
omm
ende
d fo
r use
insid
e va
ccin
e st
orag
e re
frig
erat
ors w
ere
eval
uate
d fo
r the
ir ab
ility
to tr
ack
vacc
ine
tem
pera
ture
s dur
ing
tran
spor
t. Th
e re
sults
of t
his
stud
y w
ill b
e us
ed to
dev
elop
impr
oved
, res
earc
h-ba
sed
tran
spor
t gui
delin
es fo
r VFC
pro
vide
rs, e
nsur
ing
that
va
ccin
es re
mai
n sa
fe a
nd e
ffect
ive
whe
n de
liver
ed to
the
child
ren
who
nee
d th
em.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Car
olyn
Kra
snia
k G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Roc
hest
er In
stitu
te o
f Tec
hnol
ogy
Maj
or:
Biom
edic
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
ndec
ided
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Po
lym
ers a
nd C
ompl
ex F
luid
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Geyo
u Ao
, Min
g Zh
eng
Title
of T
alk:
DN
A-Co
ntro
lled
Purif
icat
ion
of C
arbo
n N
anot
ubes
Abst
ract
: So
rtin
g sin
gle-
wal
l car
bon
nano
tube
s (SW
CNTs
) of d
iffer
ent c
hira
litie
s fro
m a
synt
hetic
mix
ture
pro
vide
s a
foun
datio
n fo
r man
y fu
ndam
enta
l stu
dies
and
tech
nolo
gica
l app
licat
ions
of S
WCN
Ts.
Seve
ral c
usto
mize
d sh
ort
DNA
sequ
ence
s wer
e id
entif
ied
to sh
ow re
cogn
ition
abi
litie
s for
spec
ific
SWCN
T (n
,m)s
peci
es.
This
proj
ect
focu
sed
on th
e pu
rific
atio
n of
SW
CNTs
by
DNA-
cont
rolle
d pa
rtiti
on o
f nan
otub
es in
pol
ymer
aqu
eous
two-
phas
e (A
TP) s
yste
ms.
DN
A se
quen
ces w
ere
expl
ored
and
des
igne
d by
the
mut
atio
n of
a p
artic
ular
sequ
ence
whi
ch
show
ed th
e en
richm
ent o
f spe
cific
SW
CNT
(n,m
) spe
cies
. N
ewly
des
igne
d se
quen
ces w
ere
utili
zed
to d
isper
se
SWCN
Ts in
wat
er b
y so
nica
tion.
The
resu
lting
DN
A-SW
CNT
disp
ersio
ns w
ere
furt
her s
ubje
cted
to p
urifi
catio
n by
AT
P se
para
tion
met
hod
in o
rder
to sc
reen
des
igne
d DN
A se
quen
ces w
ith re
cogn
ition
abi
litie
s for
a sp
ecifi
c (n
,m)s
peci
es.
In th
is te
n w
eek
perio
d, se
vera
l sin
gle-
chira
lity
nano
tube
spec
ies w
ere
isola
ted
usin
g th
is un
ique
ap
proa
ch in
clud
ing
the
rare
ly se
en zi
gzag
sem
icon
duct
ing
(11,
0) sp
ecie
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 75
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: G
rego
ry K
rum
mel
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Virg
inia
Tec
h, 1
st Y
ear G
radu
ate
Stud
ent
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ph
.D. a
t Virg
inia
Tec
h, w
ith re
sear
ch in
Bio
-Insp
ired
Aqua
tic R
obot
ics u
nder
Dr
. Sha
shan
k Pr
iya
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Int
ellig
ent S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on,
Man
ipul
atio
n an
d M
obili
ty S
yste
ms G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Jer
emy
Mar
vel
Title
of T
alk:
M
achi
ne L
earn
ing
for A
dapt
ive
Robo
t Coo
rdin
atio
n
Abst
ract
: In
indu
stria
l app
licat
ions
with
mul
tiple
robo
t col
labo
ratio
n, c
oord
inat
ion
of th
e in
divi
dual
robo
ts’ m
otio
ns is
cr
itica
l for
pro
duct
ivity
and
safe
ty. W
hen
robo
ts fr
om m
ultip
le m
anuf
actu
rers
and
mod
el li
nes a
re im
plem
ente
d to
geth
er, t
he c
ontr
ol d
ynam
ics f
or e
ach
syst
em v
arie
s due
to d
iffer
ent h
ardw
are
and
softw
are
conf
igur
atio
ns.
Thes
e di
ffere
nces
var
y ev
en m
ore
due
to e
nviro
nmen
tal a
nd o
pera
tiona
l cha
nges
such
as t
empe
ratu
re, l
oad,
w
ear,
and
upda
tes t
o so
ftwar
e an
d ha
rdw
are.
Coo
rdin
atio
n m
etho
ds d
evel
oped
at N
IST
have
bee
n ab
le to
mod
el
mul
tiple
robo
ts’ t
rans
ient
beh
avio
r, bu
t the
mod
els w
ere
estim
ated
by
the
oper
ator
and
wer
e no
t ada
ptab
le to
ch
angi
ng c
ondi
tions
. In
addi
tion,
the
tran
sient
beh
avio
r of e
ach
robo
t is n
on-li
near
, whi
ch c
ompl
icat
es tr
aditi
onal
m
etho
ds fo
r mod
el e
stim
atio
n.
This
talk
will
sum
mar
ize th
e de
velo
pmen
t of a
dapt
ive
robo
t coo
rdin
atio
n us
ing
mac
hine
lear
ning
. The
ada
ptiv
e co
ordi
natio
n au
tom
atic
ally
lear
ns th
e m
odel
s for
the
tran
sient
per
form
ance
of e
ach
devi
ce. T
hese
mod
els a
re
appl
icab
le fo
r a v
arie
ty o
f coo
rdin
atio
n m
etho
ds, i
nclu
ding
spee
d se
lect
ion
and
dela
y es
timat
ion
for e
ach
devi
ce.
Auto
mat
ical
ly le
arni
ng th
e be
havi
or o
f eac
h ro
botic
dev
ice
impr
oves
the
time
need
ed to
ada
pt to
a n
ew d
evic
e in
trod
uced
to th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
syst
em, a
s wel
l as a
dapt
to e
nviro
nmen
tal a
nd o
pera
tiona
l cha
nges
. The
se
auto
mat
ed m
etho
ds w
ere
impl
emen
ted
on a
Can
onic
al R
obot
Com
man
d La
ngua
ge (C
RCL)
, whi
ch is
gen
eral
izabl
e to
con
trol
mul
tiple
het
erog
eneo
us d
evic
es. A
KU
KA L
WR
4+ a
nd a
Rob
otiq
3-F
inge
r Ada
ptiv
e Ro
bot G
rippe
r wer
e ut
ilize
d fo
r tra
inin
g, te
stin
g, a
nd v
erifi
catio
n of
the
mac
hine
lear
ning
alg
orith
ms.
The
se m
etho
ds a
nd m
etric
s can
be
util
ized
in in
dust
rial a
pplic
atio
ns w
ith m
inim
al in
put f
rom
the
oper
ator
and
min
imal
adj
ustm
ent t
ime.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: R
ache
l Kup
rena
s G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H18
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Sou
th C
arol
ina
Maj
or:
Civi
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
on g
ettin
g m
y m
aste
rs in
stru
ctur
al e
ngin
eerin
g im
med
iate
ly fo
llow
ing
grad
uatio
n in
th
e sp
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Mat
eria
ls an
d St
ruct
ural
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Str
uctu
res G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. E
mil
Sim
iu a
nd D
r. Do
ngHu
n Ye
o
Title
of T
alk:
An
Ana
lysis
of t
he E
ffect
s of S
imul
atio
n Pa
ram
eter
s on
CFD
Aero
dyna
mic
Blu
ff Bo
dy
Sim
ulat
ions
usin
g Ex
perim
enta
l Des
ign
Tech
niqu
e Ab
stra
ct:
In th
e fie
ld o
f str
uctu
ral e
ngin
eerin
g, th
e on
ly a
ccep
tabl
e w
ay o
f obt
aini
ng w
ind
pres
sure
dat
a fo
r str
uctu
ral
desig
n ha
s bee
n th
roug
h w
ind
tunn
el te
stin
g. T
his i
s pro
blem
atic
in th
at fu
ll sc
ale
mod
els c
an ra
rely
be
test
ed,
runn
ing
a sim
ulat
ion
is ex
pens
ive,
and
the
resu
lts te
nd to
var
y as
muc
h as
50%
bet
wee
n te
sts a
mon
g se
vera
l la
bora
torie
s. R
ecen
tly, c
ompu
tatio
nal f
luid
dyn
amic
s (CF
D) si
mul
atio
ns h
ave
been
con
sider
ed a
s an
alte
rnat
ive.
Ho
wev
er, C
FD si
mul
atio
ns w
ithou
t a p
rope
r ver
ifica
tion
proc
edur
e ca
n re
sult
in v
ery
poor
win
d ef
fect
dat
a.
Ther
efor
e, it
is n
eces
sary
to d
evel
op a
syst
emat
ic a
ppro
ach
for r
educ
tion
of n
umer
ical
err
ors a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
simul
atio
n pa
ram
eter
s whi
le m
aint
aini
ng m
anag
eabl
e co
mpu
tatio
nal r
esou
rce
requ
irem
ent.
To a
ddre
ss th
is iss
ue, t
his s
tudy
dev
elop
s an
appr
oach
for e
stim
atin
g th
e se
nsiti
vity
of C
FD a
erod
ynam
ic b
luff
body
sim
ulat
ions
to th
e va
lues
of t
he si
mul
atio
n pa
ram
eter
s. T
he a
ppro
ach
is ba
sed
on a
n ex
perim
enta
l des
ign
tech
niqu
e by
whi
ch th
e m
axim
um a
mou
nt o
f inf
orm
atio
n on
the
rela
tions
hip
betw
een
inpu
t fac
tors
and
out
put
resp
onse
s can
be
obta
ined
from
a sp
ecifi
ed, m
anag
eabl
e nu
mbe
r of s
imul
atio
ns. A
CFD
pro
gram
cal
led
Ope
nFO
AM is
em
ploy
ed to
sim
ulat
e flo
w a
roun
d a
squa
re c
ylin
der i
n tw
o di
men
sions
to re
duce
the
tota
l run
tim
e of
the
simul
atio
ns in
this
stud
y; h
owev
er, a
dditi
onal
3-D
sim
ulat
ions
are
requ
ired
for a
djus
ting
para
met
ers
asso
ciat
ed w
ith th
e sp
an w
ise d
irect
ion
and
com
parin
g w
ith e
xper
imen
tal t
est d
ata
the
num
eric
al re
sults
of
char
acte
ristic
s of v
eloc
ity a
roun
d th
e cy
linde
r and
pre
ssur
e on
the
cylin
der s
urfa
ce. T
he u
se o
f thi
s stu
dy c
an
resu
lts in
larg
e re
duct
ion
of c
ompu
tatio
nal r
esou
rces
requ
ired
for a
sim
ulat
ion
with
min
imal
loss
of a
ccur
acy
in
the
simul
atio
n re
sults
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 76
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: D
anie
l Kut
zik
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
152
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: A
lfred
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l or a
car
eer i
n re
sear
ch
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Po
lym
ers a
nd C
ompl
ex F
luid
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. F
rede
rick
R. P
hela
n Jr
.
Title
of T
alk:
A
Mol
ecul
ar D
ynam
ics (
MD)
Stu
dy o
f Sur
fact
ant S
elf-A
ssem
bly
on S
ingl
ed-W
alle
d Ca
rbon
N
anot
ubes
(SW
CNTs
) Ab
stra
ct:
Sing
le-w
alle
d ca
rbon
nan
otub
es (S
WCN
Ts) a
re ri
gid,
hol
low
mol
ecul
ar c
arbo
n cy
linde
rs n
oted
for t
heir
stru
ctur
al
prop
ertie
s, a
s wel
l as t
heir
vary
ing
elec
tron
ic a
nd c
hem
ical
pro
pert
ies t
hat m
ake
them
app
ealin
g fo
r a m
yria
d of
ad
vanc
ed te
chno
logi
cal a
pplic
atio
ns. A
pra
ctic
al b
arrie
r tha
t sta
nds i
n th
e w
ay o
f gre
ater
tech
nolo
gica
l ada
ptat
ion
of th
ese
mat
eria
ls is
that
SW
CNT
synt
hesis
inva
riabl
y re
sults
in m
ixtu
res t
hat a
re h
ighl
y he
tero
gene
ous w
ith
resp
ect t
o siz
e an
d ch
iralit
y, th
e la
tter
of w
hich
def
ines
it a
s a d
istin
ct c
hem
ical
spec
ies a
nd g
ives
it u
niqu
e ch
emic
al p
rope
rtie
s. O
ngoi
ng re
sear
ch fo
cuss
es o
n th
e pr
oces
s of s
urfa
ctan
t-med
iate
d di
sper
sion.
In so
lutio
n,
surf
acta
nts s
elf-a
ssem
ble
arou
nd th
e hy
drop
hobi
c na
notu
be c
ore
prod
ucin
g a
mix
ture
in w
hich
tube
s are
in
divi
dual
ly d
isper
sed
and
cont
aine
d in
a su
rfac
tant
shel
l. De
term
inin
g th
e st
ruct
ure
and
prop
ertie
s of t
he
SWCN
T-su
rfac
tant
com
plex
es a
t the
mol
ecul
ar le
vel,
and
how
this
is af
fect
ed b
y ch
iralit
y, is
the
key
to
unde
rsta
ndin
g th
eir t
rans
port
pro
pert
ies a
nd so
lubi
lity
char
acte
ristic
s. In
this
proj
ect,
we
used
mol
ecul
ar d
ynam
ics (
MD)
sim
ulat
ions
to st
udy
the
self-
asse
mbl
y be
havi
or o
f a v
arie
ty o
f su
rfac
tant
s and
co-
surf
acta
nts o
n SW
CNTs
. We
test
ed m
etho
ds fo
r bui
ldin
g an
acc
urat
e m
odel
to si
mul
ate
SWCN
T-su
rfac
tant
syst
ems f
or se
vera
l bile
salt
surf
acta
nts a
nd a
nion
ic c
o-su
rfac
tant
s, c
ompo
nent
s wid
ely
used
an
d im
port
ant i
n ex
perim
enta
l sep
arat
ion
stud
ies a
t NIS
T. A
n im
port
ant f
acto
r in
this
stud
y w
as c
hoos
ing
an
inte
rato
mic
pot
entia
l, or
forc
e fie
ld.
Two
Clas
s II f
orce
fiel
ds, T
EAM
FF a
nd S
ciPC
FF, w
ere
eval
uate
d fo
r the
ir re
liabl
e pa
ram
eter
izatio
n of
mol
ecul
ar fo
rces
in o
ur si
mul
atio
n. W
e w
ill p
rese
nt re
sults
for t
he si
mul
ated
self-
asse
mbl
ed b
ehav
ior o
f the
(6,5
) SW
CNT
with
the
bile
salt
surf
acta
nt so
dium
deo
xych
olat
e (D
OC)
, the
ani
onic
su
rfac
tant
sodi
um d
odec
yl su
lfate
(SDS
), as
wel
l as a
DO
C/SD
S co
-sur
fact
ant m
ixtu
res.
The
dev
elop
men
t of
relia
ble
prot
ocol
s for
sim
ulat
ing
SWCN
T/su
rfac
tant
self-
asse
mbl
y pr
oces
ses p
aves
the
way
for f
utur
e w
ork
stud
ying
the
tran
spor
t pro
pert
ies a
nd so
lubi
lity
beha
vior
of t
hese
indi
vidu
al sy
stem
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
oshu
a La
nd
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l at t
he M
assa
chus
etts
Inst
itute
of T
echn
olog
y
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Int
ellig
ent S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on, P
rodu
ctio
n Sy
stem
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. S
haw
n M
oyla
n
Title
of T
alk:
M
aker
Bot R
ound
Rob
in S
tudy
: Man
ufac
turin
g Pl
an P
reci
sion
Abst
ract
: Ad
ditiv
e m
anuf
actu
ring
(AM
) is o
ne o
f the
few
tech
nolo
gies
that
will
tran
sfor
m e
very
sect
or in
mod
ern
indu
stry
. Its
app
licat
ion
is vi
rtua
lly li
mitl
ess p
rovi
ded
that
mac
hine
s and
pro
cess
par
amet
ers a
re p
rope
rly q
ualif
ied.
Yet
, pr
oces
s qua
lific
atio
n ha
s not
bee
n co
nduc
ted
on a
larg
e sc
ale.
Inst
ead,
qua
lific
atio
n ha
s bee
n an
exc
lusiv
ely
priv
ate
ende
avor
with
stud
ies,
test
s, an
d re
spec
tive
resu
lts re
mai
ning
pro
prie
tary
. NIS
T in
tend
s to
chan
ge th
is us
ing
Roun
d Ro
bin
stud
ies a
s mea
ns to
ass
ess v
ario
us A
M p
roto
cols,
spec
ifica
lly in
the
real
m o
f met
al-b
ased
AM
. St
anda
rdize
d pr
otoc
ols f
or R
ound
Rob
in st
udie
s will
faci
litat
e th
e qu
alifi
catio
n of
add
itive
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
ses a
nd m
ater
ials.
Sim
pler
fuse
d de
posit
ion
mod
elin
g (F
DM) m
achi
nes c
an b
e us
ed to
eva
luat
e va
rious
st
udy
prot
ocol
s bef
ore
impl
emen
tatio
n w
ith m
ore
adva
nced
, dire
ct m
etal
lase
r sin
terin
g (D
MLS
) mac
hine
s. T
his
pilo
t stu
dy fo
cuse
s on
the
man
ufac
turin
g pl
an u
sed
to b
uild
test
par
ts o
n se
vera
l NIS
T-ow
ned
FDM
mac
hine
s, a
nd
mea
sure
men
ts o
f dim
ensio
nal a
ccur
acy.
Res
ults
giv
e an
idea
of h
ow e
ffect
ive
the
man
ufac
turin
g pl
an is
at
cont
rolli
ng v
aria
bles
ass
ocia
ted
with
dim
ensio
nal a
ccur
acy.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 77
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
hrist
ophe
r Law
ler
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I h
ave
not y
et d
ecid
ed w
heth
er o
r not
to g
o to
gra
duat
e sc
hool
, or w
heth
er o
r not
to tu
rn
my
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
min
or in
to a
seco
nd m
ajor
. In
the
mea
ntim
e, I
simpl
y st
rive
to le
arn
as m
uch
as I
can.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry; I
ntel
ligen
t Sys
tem
s Div
ision
; Co
gniti
on a
nd C
olla
bora
tive
Syst
ems G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Cr
aig
Schl
enof
f
Title
of T
alk:
M
akin
g th
e ro
bot t
hink
twic
e: Im
prov
emen
ts to
an
onto
logy
-bas
ed a
gilit
y fr
amew
ork
for
man
ufac
turin
g ro
botic
s Ab
stra
ct:
One
are
a w
here
it is
cle
ar th
at th
e in
crea
sing
inte
llige
nce
of ro
bots
can
pro
duce
imm
edia
te g
ains
is a
gile
m
anuf
actu
ring,
whi
ch a
ims t
o in
crea
se e
quip
men
t fle
xibi
lity,
redu
ce c
hang
eove
r cos
ts, a
nd m
ake
smal
ler-
scal
e pr
oduc
tion
mor
e ec
onom
ical
. Com
pani
es w
ant t
o in
stal
l rob
ots w
ith c
ogni
tive
and
colla
bora
tive
capa
bilit
ies,
but
smal
ler m
anuf
actu
rers
may
not
hav
e th
e re
sour
ces t
o de
velo
p th
em in
depe
nden
tly. T
o su
ppor
t agi
le
man
ufac
turin
g, th
e In
telli
gent
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
of t
he N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of S
tand
ards
and
Tec
hnol
ogy
has a
gro
up
build
ing
an o
pen
onto
logy
-bas
ed fr
amew
ork,
cal
led
Agili
ty P
erfo
rman
ce o
f Rob
otic
s Sys
tem
s (AP
RS).
In th
is pr
ojec
t, m
ultip
le im
prov
emen
ts to
the
evol
ving
APR
S fr
amew
ork
wer
e re
alize
d, m
akin
g th
e sy
stem
: re
spon
sive
to re
al-t
ime
chan
ges i
n its
env
ironm
ent,
stan
dard
ized
in th
e w
ay in
repr
esen
ts ro
bot c
omm
ands
, les
s co
mpu
tatio
nally
exp
ensiv
e, a
nd a
ble
to a
ccou
nt fo
r unc
erta
intie
s.
Enab
ling
resp
onsiv
enes
s was
ach
ieve
d by
writ
ing
a pr
ogra
m th
at e
xam
ines
a S
truc
ture
d Q
uery
Lan
guag
e (S
QL)
da
taba
se re
pres
entin
g th
e cu
rren
t sta
te o
f the
wor
ld a
nd o
utpu
ts a
Pla
nnin
g Do
mai
n De
finiti
on L
angu
age
inpu
t fil
e fo
r the
pla
nner
that
dec
ides
wha
t the
con
trol
led
robo
t sho
uld
do n
ext.
New
synt
ax w
as d
evel
oped
and
do
cum
ente
d fo
r com
pact
ly re
pres
entin
g th
e lo
catio
n of
scat
tere
d in
form
atio
n in
dat
abas
es, s
o th
at th
e ad
ditio
n of
new
det
ails
to th
e w
orld
repr
esen
tatio
n w
ill n
ot n
eces
sitat
e ha
rd-c
odin
g m
appi
ngs.
To
ens
ure
com
patib
ility
bet
wee
n al
l pro
ject
s und
er th
e fr
amew
ork,
the
cust
om sy
ntax
that
pre
viou
sly w
as u
sed
for c
anon
ical
robo
t com
man
ds w
as re
plac
ed b
y an
Ext
ensib
le M
arku
p La
ngua
ge (X
ML)
sche
ma.
One
par
ser t
hat
inte
rpre
ts su
ch sc
hem
a w
as a
lso m
odifi
ed to
leak
less
mem
ory
and
be m
ore
obje
ct-o
rient
ed.
The
repr
esen
tatio
n of
unc
erta
inty
thro
ugho
ut th
e fr
amew
ork
was
pla
nned
out
and
its i
mpl
emen
tatio
n is
ongo
ing.
If
sens
or d
ata
is un
clea
r bey
ond
a le
arne
d th
resh
old,
the
robo
t will
re-e
valu
ate
the
situa
tion
inst
ead
of e
xecu
ting
a po
tent
ially
inco
rrec
t act
ion.
To
our k
now
ledg
e, th
is is
the
first
ont
olog
y-ba
sed
robo
tics f
ram
ewor
k to
inco
rpor
ate
non-
bina
ry tr
uth
valu
es.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: H
oan
Henr
y Le
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
9 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mar
quet
te U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
ad S
choo
l to
eith
er g
et a
PhD
in P
hysic
s or a
Mas
ters
in E
ngin
eerin
g
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. K
athr
yn K
ryck
a
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e Ro
le o
f Size
and
Cry
stal
linity
on
Mag
netic
Nan
opar
ticle
Res
pons
e
Abst
ract
: M
agne
tic n
anop
artic
les h
ave
a va
riety
of u
ses i
nclu
ding
MRI
con
tras
t, hy
poth
erm
ia c
ance
r tre
atm
ents
, and
bi
omed
ical
tagg
ing.
How
ever
, the
det
ails
of th
eir m
agne
tic re
spon
se c
an g
reat
ly a
ffect
effi
cacy
. Firs
t, w
e lo
oked
at
the
diffe
renc
e be
twee
n 10
nm
and
30
nm n
anop
artic
les o
f Fe 3
O4 c
oate
d in
a sh
ell o
f ole
ic a
cid
to p
rote
ct th
em
from
oxi
datio
n. C
ompa
red
to th
e 30
nm
, the
10
nm n
anop
artic
le-to
-nan
opar
ticle
dist
ance
is c
lose
r, as
exp
ecte
d.
To fi
t the
Sm
all A
ngle
Neu
tron
Sca
tter
ing
(SAN
S) d
ata,
I us
ed a
har
d sp
here
pac
king
mod
el, o
btai
ning
stru
ctur
al
diam
eter
s of t
he tw
o sa
mpl
es to
be
10 n
m +
/- 1
.4 a
nd 3
0 nm
+/-
0.4
. Sur
prisi
ngly
, as d
eter
min
ed b
y hi
gh a
ngle
x-
ray
diffr
actio
n, th
e 10
nm
nan
opar
ticle
s hav
e cr
ysta
llite
dom
ains
of 6
.84
nm, j
ust s
light
ly sm
alle
r tha
n th
eir
stru
ctur
al si
ze, w
hile
the
30 n
m n
anop
artic
les h
ave
dom
ains
of 7
.55
nm, w
hich
is si
gnifi
cant
ly sm
alle
r tha
n th
eir
stru
ctur
al si
ze. I
nter
estin
gly,
the
near
ly si
ngle
cry
stal
10
nm n
anop
artic
les w
ere
78%
as m
agne
tic a
s bul
k Fe
3O4 a
t 1.
2 T,
whi
le th
e 30
nm
nan
opar
ticle
s com
prise
d of
mul
tiple
cry
stal
line
dom
ains
wer
e on
ly 5
8% a
s mag
netic
as
bulk
. Se
cond
, we
set u
p tw
o co
nditi
ons t
o te
st th
e ef
fect
of s
patia
l con
finem
ent:
the
orig
inal
nan
opar
ticle
s tha
t wer
e or
ient
ed ra
ndom
ly b
ut h
eld
in p
lace
with
ole
ic a
cid,
and
we
crea
ted
part
icle
s tha
t wer
e ea
sier t
o ro
tate
with
the
addi
tion
of a
lubr
icat
ing
poly
ethy
lene
gly
col (
PEG)
solu
tion.
The
net
mag
netiz
atio
n of
the
nano
part
icle
s with
PEG
w
as sl
ight
ly h
ighe
r com
pare
d to
the
plai
n pa
rtic
les w
ithin
err
or fo
r bot
h th
e 10
nm
and
30
nm sa
mpl
es.
Addi
tiona
lly w
e w
ere
able
to e
xtra
ct a
n av
erag
e ca
ntin
g an
gle
betw
een
the
mag
netiz
atio
n of
the
nano
part
icle
s an
d th
e ap
plie
d fie
ld fo
r a se
ries o
f fie
lds,
to w
hich
we
appl
y a
Zeem
an v
ersu
s mag
neto
crys
talli
ne m
odel
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 78
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: E
ric L
eam
an
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
157
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: J
ames
Mad
ison
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Firs
t yea
r gra
duat
e st
uden
t Fu
ture
Pla
ns (S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Vi
rgin
ia T
ech,
M.S
. in
Mec
hani
cal E
ngin
eerin
g N
IST
Labo
rato
ry, D
ivis
ion,
and
G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Fund
amen
tal E
lect
rical
Mea
sure
men
t Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch A
dvis
or:
Davi
d Ne
wel
l Ti
tle o
f Tal
k:
Grav
imet
ry fo
r the
NIS
T-4
Wat
t Bal
ance
Abst
ract
: Th
e ki
logr
am is
the
only
SI u
nit t
o st
ill b
e de
fined
by
a ph
ysic
al a
rtifa
ct, t
he In
tern
atio
nal P
roto
type
Kilo
gram
(IPK
). Cu
rren
tly, t
here
is a
n in
tern
atio
nal e
ffort
to re
defin
e th
e ki
logr
am in
term
s of t
he P
lanc
k Co
nsta
nt, h
. One
met
hod
of li
nkin
g m
ass t
o h
is th
roug
h m
easu
rem
ents
mad
e w
ith a
wat
t bal
ance
, an
inst
rum
ent t
hat c
ompa
res m
echa
nica
l po
wer
to e
lect
rical
pow
er b
y m
ovin
g a
coil
insid
e a
mag
netic
fiel
d. C
urre
ntly
und
er c
onst
ruct
ion
is N
IST’
s fo
urth
ge
nera
tion
wat
t bal
ance
, NIS
T-4,
whi
ch w
ill b
e op
timize
d to
rea
lize
mas
s on
ce th
e va
lue
of h
has
bee
n fix
ed. A
n in
here
nt a
nd d
irect
sour
ce o
f unc
erta
inty
in w
att b
alan
ce m
easu
rem
ents
is th
e lo
cal a
ccel
erat
ion
due
to g
ravi
ty, g
. Du
ring
wat
t bal
ance
ope
ratio
n, th
e va
lue
of g
at t
he p
ositi
on o
f the
test
mas
s mus
t be
pred
icte
d ba
sed
on a
mod
el
and
mea
sure
men
ts o
f gr
avity
flu
ctua
tions
thr
ough
out
the
labo
rato
ry.
This
valu
e is
then
tie
d to
an
abso
lute
re
fere
nce
poin
t. Du
ring
the
sum
mer
of 2
014,
a t
hree
-dim
ensio
nal m
odel
was
cre
ated
for
the
entir
e la
bora
tory
w
hich
allo
ws
for t
he v
ertic
al g
radi
ent o
f gra
vity
at a
ll ve
rtic
al p
ositi
ons
of th
e m
ass
to b
e de
term
ined
. The
mod
el
was
con
firm
ed b
y co
mpa
rison
to
horiz
onta
l m
appi
ngs
mad
e us
ing
a po
rtab
le r
elat
ive
grav
imet
er.
Furt
her
mea
sure
men
ts w
ere
mad
e to
cre
ate
a tie
bet
wee
n th
e po
sitio
n of
a p
erm
anen
tly-in
stal
led
rela
tive
grav
imet
er a
nd
the
horiz
onta
l-pla
ne p
ositi
on o
f the
mas
s. B
y co
mbi
ning
mod
el p
redi
ctio
ns a
nd m
easu
rem
ents
, the
abs
olut
e va
lue
of g
at a
ll po
ssib
le m
ass
posit
ions
can
be
dete
rmin
ed a
ccur
atel
y an
d w
ith th
e lo
w u
ncer
tain
ty d
eman
ded
by s
uch
expe
rimen
ts o
f onl
y a
few
par
ts in
109
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
ames
Led
wel
l G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Maj
or:
Elec
tric
al E
ngin
eerin
g an
d M
athe
mat
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): En
ter i
ndus
try
as a
n El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
r
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Sys
tem
s Eng
inee
ring
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Allis
on B
arna
rd F
eene
y an
d Sy
lver
e Kr
ima
Title
of T
alk:
Au
gmen
ted
Real
ity fo
r Sm
art M
anuf
actu
ring:
A G
oogl
e Gl
ass E
xplo
rato
ry P
roje
ct
Abst
ract
: Au
gmen
ted
real
ity c
onsis
ts o
f virt
ually
enh
anci
ng re
al w
orld
phy
sical
ele
men
ts w
ith c
ompu
ter-
gene
rate
d el
emen
ts, i
nclu
ding
a w
ide
rang
e of
info
rmat
ion:
from
text
s and
pic
ture
s to
soun
ds, v
ideo
s, 3D
mod
els,
GPS
in
form
atio
n an
d m
ore.
The
rapi
d sp
read
of m
obile
dev
ices
, inc
ludi
ng th
e ne
wly
dev
elop
ed w
eara
ble
sect
or is
sig
nific
antly
con
trib
utin
g to
this
field
.
To b
ring
augm
ente
d re
ality
to th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
wor
ld is
a c
halle
nge
due
to th
e co
mpl
ex p
hysic
al e
nviro
nmen
t of
oper
atio
n, th
e lim
ited
ergo
nom
ics o
f han
dhel
d de
vice
s, th
e la
ck o
f sta
ndar
diza
tion
in a
rchi
tect
ure
for t
he
deve
lopm
ent o
f mob
ile a
pps,
the
wea
k st
ate
of th
e ar
t in
the
area
of a
ugm
ente
d re
ality
for m
anuf
actu
ring,
and
th
e he
tero
gene
ity o
f pos
sible
use
cas
es.
Our
obj
ectiv
e is
to st
udy
the
feas
ibili
ty a
nd e
xplo
re th
e be
nefit
s of u
sing
Goog
le G
lass
as a
hea
d-m
ount
ed d
evic
e to
aug
men
t the
man
ufac
turin
g re
ality
by
inte
grat
ing
digi
tal v
irtua
l ele
men
ts in
to th
e ph
ysic
al w
orld
. Th
e pr
ojec
t’s
goal
is to
est
ablis
h re
fere
nce
arch
itect
ure
to su
ppor
t the
dev
elop
men
t of m
anuf
actu
ring
apps
for h
ead-
mou
nted
de
vice
s.
Our
spec
ific
use
case
invo
lves
coa
litio
n ba
sed
mili
tary
act
ivity
. In
coa
litio
n fo
rces
it is
oft
en fa
r mor
e ef
ficie
nt to
sh
are
reso
urce
s due
to g
eogr
aphi
cal a
nd e
cono
mic
real
ities
. Th
is co
mes
into
pla
y w
hen
requ
estin
g sp
are
part
s an
d m
aint
enan
ce in
the
even
t of e
quip
men
t fai
lure
. O
ur p
roje
ct c
onsis
ts o
f tra
nsm
ittin
g da
ta a
bout
the
mal
func
tion
colle
cted
thro
ugh
Goog
le G
lass
’s pi
ctur
e fu
nctio
n an
d au
dio
inpu
t to
serv
ers d
esig
ned
to si
mul
ate
thos
e of
alli
ed n
atio
ns.
The
serv
ers w
ill re
spon
d an
d pr
esen
t use
rs w
ith a
var
iety
of o
ptio
ns fo
r obt
aini
ng a
re
plac
emen
t par
t and
rece
ivin
g m
aint
enan
ce.
The
user
s will
des
igna
te th
eir c
hoic
es a
nd b
e no
tifie
d up
on th
e ar
rival
of t
he se
rvic
es.
Augm
ente
d re
ality
will
lead
to fa
ster
, saf
er a
nd m
ore
accu
rate
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
ses.
New
com
mer
cial
pr
oduc
ts li
ke G
oogl
e Gl
ass c
an b
e us
ed to
furt
her d
evel
op th
is fie
ld.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 79
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Sha
ne L
eger
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Eas
tern
Ken
tuck
y U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Fo
rens
ic S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ca
reer
as a
fore
nsic
ana
lyst
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Fire
Res
earc
h Di
visio
n, F
lam
mab
ility
Red
uctio
n Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Rick
Dav
is, S
hona
li N
azar
e
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e Ap
plic
atio
n of
Bar
rier F
abric
s to
Prev
ent S
mol
derin
g in
Uph
olst
ered
Fur
nitu
re
Abst
ract
: Ba
rrie
r Fab
rics a
re te
xtile
mat
eria
ls, u
sed
in so
ft fu
rnish
ings
to p
reve
nt o
r del
ay th
e ig
nitio
n of
the
cush
ioni
ng
mat
eria
ls in
a p
iece
of u
phol
ster
ed fu
rnitu
re.
Whi
le b
e ing
flam
e re
sista
nt is
an
impo
rtan
t asp
ect o
f a b
arrie
r fa
bric
, it c
anno
t be
the
only
fact
or ta
ken
into
con
sider
atio
n w
hen
eval
uatin
g an
effe
ctiv
e ba
rrie
r fab
ric.
Smol
derin
g is
com
bust
ion
with
out f
lam
e an
d a
smol
derin
g ci
gare
tte
is a
com
mon
igni
tion
sour
ce o
f sof
t fur
nish
ing
fires
. Ba
rrie
r fab
rics c
ould
be
a ch
eap
and
effe
ctiv
e w
ay fo
r man
ufac
ture
rs to
redu
ce th
e fla
mm
abili
ty o
f the
ir pr
oduc
ts.
Barr
ier f
abric
s cou
ld b
e us
ed a
s ind
ivid
ual c
ompo
nent
s, la
min
ated
to th
e co
ver f
abric
, or l
amin
ated
to
the
cush
ioni
ng la
yer.
In th
is st
udy
we
have
exp
lore
d ba
rrie
r fab
rics l
amin
ated
to c
over
fabr
ics.
Ear
lier s
tudi
es h
ave
show
n th
at b
arrie
r fab
rics t
hat e
xhib
it su
ffici
ent r
esist
ance
to o
pen
flam
e do
not
nec
essa
rily
offe
r sm
olde
ring
resis
tanc
e. T
he m
ain
obje
ctiv
e of
this
stud
y w
as to
exa
min
e th
e ef
fect
s of l
amin
atio
n.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
My
Duye
n Le
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mon
tgom
ery
Colle
ge
Maj
or:
Chem
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I w
ill tr
ansf
er to
Geo
rgia
Tec
h to
con
tinue
stud
y fo
r my
bach
elor
’s d
egre
e in
Che
mic
al
Engi
neer
ing.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Che
mic
al S
cien
ce D
ivisi
on,
Elem
enta
l Mea
sure
men
t Sci
ence
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Save
las R
abb,
Lee
Yu
Title
of T
alk:
In
vest
igat
ing
the
Influ
ence
of T
empe
ratu
re a
nd A
cid
Mat
rix o
n th
e De
term
inat
ion
of
Arse
nic
in th
e Ar
seni
c Sp
ecia
tion
Refe
renc
e St
anda
rds
Abst
ract
: Ar
seni
c (A
s) is
a to
xic
elem
ent a
nd it
has
bee
n lis
ted
as a
car
cino
gen
by th
e FD
A. A
rsen
ic a
ppea
rs in
the
ecos
yste
m,
in w
ater
and
in o
ur fo
ods.
Bec
ause
of i
ts to
xici
ty, i
t is i
mpo
rtan
t to
deve
lop
refe
renc
e m
ater
ials
to d
eter
min
e th
e to
tal c
once
ntra
tion
of a
rsen
ic. A
rsen
ic e
xist
s in
both
org
anic
and
inor
gani
c fo
rm.
The
toxi
city
leve
l is d
epen
dent
on
the
spec
iatio
n of
the
elem
ent.
NIS
T is
curr
ently
in th
e pr
oces
s of d
evel
opin
g an
d ce
rtify
ing
the
refe
renc
e m
ater
ials
for t
he o
rgan
ic a
rsen
ic sp
ecie
s: m
onom
ethy
lars
onic
aci
d (M
MA)
, dim
ethy
lars
inic
aci
d (D
MA)
, tr
imet
hyla
rsin
e ox
ide
(TM
AO),
arse
nobe
tain
e (A
B), a
nd a
rsen
ocho
line
(AC)
.
In
the
cert
ifica
tion
of th
ese
mat
eria
ls, a
ll As
spec
ies n
eed
to b
e co
nver
ted
from
the
resp
ectiv
e ch
emic
al fo
rm to
As
(V) t
o pr
even
t sen
sitiv
ity d
iffer
ence
s whi
ch c
ould
be
obse
rved
usin
g th
e in
duct
ivel
y co
uple
d pl
asm
a-op
tical
em
issio
n sp
ectr
omet
er (I
CP-O
ES) o
r mas
s spe
ctro
met
er (I
CP-M
S).
This
conv
ersio
n pr
oces
s gen
eral
ly re
quire
s hig
h te
mpe
ratu
res;
how
ever
, oth
er p
aram
eter
s (e.
g. a
cid
sele
ctio
n) h
ave
been
exp
lore
d to
pot
entia
lly st
ream
line
the
proc
ess.
In th
is st
udy,
resu
lts sh
ow h
ydro
chlo
ric a
cid
is su
cces
sful
in c
ompl
etel
y co
nver
ting
all A
s spe
cies
to A
s (V)
un
der o
ptim
ized
dige
stio
n co
nditi
ons.
Thi
s will
lead
to th
e ce
rtifi
catio
n of
the
five
new
As s
peci
atio
n ca
libra
tion
stan
dard
refe
renc
e m
ater
ials.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 80
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: D
anie
l Lep
kow
ski
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
153
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: L
ouisi
ana
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
and
Agr
icul
tura
l an
d M
echa
nica
l Col
lege
M
ajor
: El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
ans t
o pu
rsue
a g
radu
ate
degr
ee in
mat
eria
ls sc
ienc
e
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
i als
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Fu
nctio
nal N
anos
truc
ture
d M
ater
ials
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Cin
di D
enni
s & D
r. Ro
bert
Shu
ll
Title
of T
alk:
M
easu
rem
ent o
f the
Mag
neto
calo
ric E
ffect
in N
i-Mn-
Al ty
pe a
lloys
Abst
ract
: M
oder
n da
y re
frig
erat
ion
syst
ems u
se e
nviro
nmen
tally
har
mfu
l mat
eria
ls an
d in
effic
ient
com
pres
sion
and
expa
nsio
n cy
cles
, pro
vidi
ng a
nee
d fo
r a n
ew e
nviro
nmen
tally
safe
and
effi
cien
t met
hod
for r
efrig
erat
ion.
M
agne
tic re
frig
erat
ion,
util
izing
the
mag
neto
calo
ric e
ffect
(MCE
), is
muc
h m
ore
envi
ronm
enta
lly fr
iend
ly a
nd
theo
retic
ally
can
ach
ieve
hig
her e
ffici
enci
es th
an th
e cu
rren
t sys
tem
. Th
is st
udy
look
s at t
he N
i-Mn-
Al ty
pe a
lloys
be
caus
e th
eir s
truc
tura
l and
mag
netic
tran
sfor
mat
ions
are
nea
r roo
m te
mpe
ratu
re w
hich
man
y be
lieve
to b
e in
dica
tive
of a
larg
e M
CE in
the
sam
e te
mpe
ratu
re ra
nge.
The
spec
ific
allo
ys in
ato
mic
per
cent
wer
e
N
i 45Co
5-XF
e XM
n 32A
l 18 (x
=0, 2
.5, o
r 5).
Co
and
Fe w
ere
used
as a
dditi
ves i
n pl
ace
of N
i in
orde
r to
enha
nce
the
mag
netic
mom
ent o
f a g
ener
ally
low
mom
ent m
ater
ial.
Thi
s, in
turn
, is e
xpec
ted
to e
nhan
ce th
e M
CE.
Sam
ples
wer
e fa
bric
ated
by
arc
mel
ting
high
pur
ity m
etal
s (>9
9.9%
pur
e) in
the
corr
ect s
toic
hiom
etric
ratio
s for
th
e al
loy.
The
max
imum
wei
ght l
oss d
urin
g m
eltin
g w
as le
ss th
an 1
.1%
. The
as-
cast
sam
ples
wer
e re
ason
ably
du
ctile
, and
the
sam
ples
show
ed a
den
driti
c m
icro
stru
ctur
e w
hich
is in
dica
tive
of c
ompo
sitio
n va
riatio
ns.
The
sam
ples
wer
e th
en a
nnea
led
at 1
050o C
for 7
2 ho
urs i
n an
arg
on a
tmos
pher
e an
d qu
ench
ed in
an
icy
brin
e so
lutio
n to
ens
ure
a sin
gle
phas
e ho
mog
eneo
us m
ater
ial.
The
sam
ples
gre
w m
illim
eter
size
d cr
ysta
ls an
d be
cam
e m
uch
mor
e br
ittle
thro
ugh
the
anne
alin
g pr
oces
s. Q
uant
itativ
e en
ergy
disp
ersiv
e sp
ectr
osco
py w
as u
sed
to v
erify
the
com
posit
ions
of t
he a
nnea
led
and
as c
ast s
ampl
es w
hile
diff
eren
tial s
cann
ing
calo
rimet
ry (D
SC) w
as u
sed
to lo
cate
th
e st
ruct
ural
tran
sitio
ns fo
r all
of th
e m
ater
ials.
Fro
m th
e op
tical
met
allo
grap
hic
stud
y, th
e X=
0 (C
o on
ly)
anne
aled
sam
ple
appe
ars t
o ha
ve a
mar
tens
itic
stru
ctur
e at
room
tem
pera
ture
whi
le th
e ot
her t
wo
sam
ples
ap
pear
to h
ave
a cu
bic
stru
ctur
e. X
-ray
diff
ract
ion
will
be
perf
orm
ed to
con
firm
this
resu
lt. E
lect
ron
back
scat
ter
diffr
actio
n w
as u
sed
to m
ap th
e su
rfac
e of
the
sam
ple
and
to fi
nd th
e or
ient
atio
ns o
f the
indi
vidu
al c
ryst
als.
The
X=
5 (F
e on
ly) s
ampl
e w
as m
appe
d to
be
a sin
gle
crys
tal o
n th
e su
rfac
e, w
hile
the
X=2.
5 (h
alf F
e, h
alf C
o) sa
mpl
e sh
owed
app
roxi
mat
ely
14 c
ryst
als i
n va
rious
orie
ntat
ions
. T
he M
CE fo
r eac
h sa
mpl
e is
calc
ulat
ed u
sing
Mag
netiz
atio
n vs
. App
lied
Mag
netic
Fie
ld d
ata
mea
sure
d at
succ
essiv
e te
mpe
ratu
res.
Thi
s dat
a w
as in
tegr
ated
to
dete
rmin
e a
chan
ge in
ent
ropy
vs.
tem
pera
ture
cur
ve fo
r tha
t sam
ple.
Fro
m th
at c
urve
, the
coo
ling
capa
city
can
be
det
erm
ined
whi
ch is
then
cor
rect
ed fo
r the
mag
netic
hys
tere
sis w
ork
need
ed to
cyc
le th
e m
agne
tic fi
eld.
The
ef
fect
of t
he F
e an
d Co
add
itive
s and
the
diffe
ring
mic
rost
ruct
ures
on
the
MCE
of t
he a
lloys
will
be
disc
usse
d.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
osep
h Le
snie
wsk
i G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mou
nt S
aint
Mar
y’s U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ch
emist
ry
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
ad S
choo
l to
get a
PhD
in C
hem
istry
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. W
illia
m R
atcl
iff
Title
of T
alk:
In
tera
ctiv
e Da
ta A
naly
sis o
f Neu
tron
Sca
tter
ing
Data
Abst
ract
: Th
is pr
ojec
t con
cern
ed th
e cr
eatio
n of
a so
ftwar
e pa
ckag
e fo
r the
aut
omat
ed re
finem
ent o
f cry
stal
stru
ctur
e da
ta
colle
cted
from
ther
mal
neu
tron
diff
ract
ion
inst
rum
ents
whi
ch u
se B
ragg
’s la
w. T
he so
ftwar
e cr
eate
d is
a re
built
an
d ex
tend
ed v
ersio
n of
the
BLAN
D (B
umps
Lib
rary
for A
naly
sis o
f Neu
tron
Diff
ract
ion)
pro
ject
con
stru
cted
usin
g a
mor
e st
able
fram
ewor
k. B
LAN
D co
uple
s the
BU
MPS
libr
ary
(Bay
esia
n U
ncer
tain
ty M
odel
ing
of P
aram
etric
Sy
stem
s) d
evel
oped
by
Paul
Kie
nzle
, whi
ch p
rovi
des g
ener
alize
d au
tom
ated
fitt
ing,
with
the
Crys
FML
crys
tallo
grap
hic
libra
ry d
evel
oped
by
Juan
Rod
rígue
z-Ca
rvaj
al, w
hich
pro
vide
s a w
ide
rang
e of
neu
tron
diff
ract
ion
spec
ific
calc
ulat
ions
. The
DRE
AM a
lgor
ithm
, whi
ch u
ses a
com
bina
tion
of M
arko
v Ch
ain,
Mon
te C
arlo
, Diff
eren
tial
Evol
utio
n, a
nd B
ayes
ian
Anal
ysis,
is u
sed
to p
erfo
rm th
e au
tom
ated
fitt
ing.
Thi
s alg
orith
m a
llow
s for
a th
orou
gh
2 val
ue fo
r the
mod
el fi
t. Th
is av
oids
the
need
to p
ains
taki
ngly
han
d fit
dat
a as
wel
l as p
rovi
des a
met
hod
for q
uick
ly d
eter
min
ing
whe
ther
a d
ata
set f
its a
m
odel
at a
ll (b
y at
tem
ptin
g to
fit t
he m
odel
in q
uest
ion
and
wat
chin
g fo
r par
amet
er c
onve
rgen
ce).
BLAN
D is
desig
ned
to w
ork
both
for d
ata
sets
for m
ater
ials
cont
aini
ng n
on-m
agne
tic a
tom
s and
mat
eria
ls co
ntai
ning
m
agne
tic a
tom
s. T
hese
two
case
s wer
e te
sted
usin
g di
ffrac
tion
data
from
Al 2O
3 and
LuF
eO3 r
espe
ctiv
ely.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 81
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Dan
iel L
esso
ff G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H10
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
The
Col
lege
of N
ew Je
rsey
M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pu
rsui
ng a
gra
duat
e de
gree
in C
ompu
ter a
nd N
etw
ork
Secu
rity
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Adv
ance
Net
wor
k Te
chno
logi
es D
ivisi
on, I
nter
net &
Sc
alab
le S
yste
ms M
etro
logy
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Step
hen
Nig
htin
gale
Title
of T
alk:
Im
prov
emen
ts in
E-M
ail S
ecur
ity: A
DAN
E/O
penP
GP T
est S
yste
m
Abst
ract
: Re
cent
ly, t
here
has
bee
n a
tren
d of
secu
ring
the
initi
al e
xcha
nge
of a
sym
met
ric p
ublic
key
s via
DN
S in
stea
d of
tr
ustin
g ce
rtifi
cate
aut
horit
ies.
Thi
s met
hod,
kno
wn
as D
ANE
(DN
S-ba
sed
Auth
entic
atio
n of
Nam
ed E
ntiti
es)
com
plet
ely
cuts
out
the
need
for c
ertif
icat
e au
thor
ities
. Th
is is
a po
sitiv
e ch
ange
, as c
ertif
icat
e au
thor
ities
are
su
scep
tible
to a
ttac
k. W
hile
mos
t of t
he c
urre
nt fo
cus h
as b
een
on a
uthe
ntic
atio
n fo
r web
sites
and
rela
ted
serv
ices
, not
muc
h ef
fort
has
bee
n de
vote
d to
app
lyin
g th
e sa
me
tech
niqu
e to
em
ail s
ecur
ity.
As a
par
t of N
IST’
s Hi
gh A
ssur
ance
Dom
ain
(HAD
) pro
ject
, our
goa
l is t
o cr
eate
a te
st sy
stem
to fa
cilit
ate
the
use
of D
ANE
for t
he
Ope
nPGP
em
ail s
tand
ard.
The
inte
ntio
n is
to p
rovi
de a
syst
em th
at w
ill a
llow
use
rs to
test
eas
ily w
heth
er th
ey
have
pro
perly
upl
oade
d an
Ope
nPGP
key
cor
rect
ly a
ccor
ding
to th
e pr
ovisi
ons o
f the
cur
rent
ver
sion
of th
e IE
TF
draf
t con
cern
ing
DAN
E an
d O
penP
GP, a
nd th
at th
ey c
an u
se th
at k
ey to
pro
perly
enc
rypt
, dec
rypt
, sig
n, a
nd v
erify
th
e sig
natu
res o
f Ope
nPGP
em
ails.
Add
ition
ally
, the
test
syst
em w
ill p
rovi
de u
sefu
l fee
dbac
k if
the
test
fails
for a
ny
reas
on.
The
impl
emen
tatio
n is
in P
ytho
n, u
sing
the
dnsp
ytho
n an
d py
thon
-gnu
pg m
odul
es fo
r DN
S lo
okup
s and
the
GnuP
G im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e O
penP
GP st
anda
rd.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
asey
Lev
ine
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
181
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
tate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k at
Bin
gham
ton
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I w
ill b
e ap
plyi
ng to
a v
arie
ty o
f job
s and
gra
duat
e sc
hool
s in
the
com
ing
sem
este
r. I h
ope
to st
udy
and
or w
ork
on th
e so
ftwar
e an
d ha
rdw
are
rela
ted
to p
aral
lel c
ompu
ting.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Phys
ical
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Sem
icon
duct
or a
nd D
imen
siona
l Met
rolo
gy D
ivisi
on,
Nan
osca
le M
etro
logy
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Andr
as E
. Vla
dar
Title
of T
alk:
Pa
ralle
l Pro
gram
min
g to
Qui
ckly
Gen
erat
e Li
brar
ies o
f Im
ages
for 3
D SE
M-b
ased
Di
men
siona
l Mea
sure
men
ts
Abst
ract
: In
tegr
ated
circ
uit (
IC) m
anuf
actu
rers
, suc
h as
Inte
l, IB
M a
nd A
MD
striv
e to
cre
ate
smal
ler a
nd sm
alle
r tra
nsist
ors i
n an
att
empt
to
incr
ease
the
cap
abili
ties
of t
heir
ICs.
Cur
rent
ly, t
rans
istor
s ca
n be
con
stru
cted
effe
ctiv
ely
on t
he
nano
met
er s
cale
. To
verif
y th
e qu
ality
of
thes
e in
cred
ibly
sm
all c
ircui
ts, r
esea
rche
rs a
re u
sing
scan
ning
ele
ctro
n m
icro
scop
y (S
EM) a
nd M
onte
Car
lo s
imul
atio
ns to
gen
erat
e re
alist
ic s
et o
r lib
rarie
s of
3D
imag
es o
f the
se c
ircui
ts
on t
he n
anom
eter
sca
le.
Thes
e sim
ulat
ions
–us
ing
the
CPU
(cen
tral
pro
cess
ing
unit)
and
the
cur
rent
sof
twar
e im
plem
enta
tion–
cou
ld ta
ke u
p to
sev
eral
mon
ths
to c
ompu
te. I
n an
att
empt
to s
peed
up
the
simul
atio
n, p
aral
lel
prog
ram
ing
on a
com
mer
cial
gra
phic
s pro
cess
ing
unit
(GPU
) usin
g CU
DA is
bei
ng e
xplo
red.
In o
ther
type
s of M
onte
Ca
rlo si
mul
atio
n im
plem
enta
tions
, GPU
s hav
e de
mon
stra
ted
up to
a th
ousa
nd ti
mes
spee
d im
prov
emen
t ove
r non
-pa
ralle
l im
plem
enta
tions
. A b
asic
cod
e to
cal
cula
te e
lect
ron
traj
ecto
ries
in t
he s
imul
atio
n ha
s be
en d
evel
oped
to
eval
uate
the
pote
ntia
l val
ue o
f CU
DA in
the
mor
e so
phist
icat
ed, c
ompl
ex s
imul
atio
n. T
he c
ode
has
dem
onst
rate
d no
ticea
ble
spee
d im
prov
emen
ts w
ith li
ttle
opt
imiza
tion,
and
shou
ld u
ltim
atel
y be
cap
able
of a
chie
ving
a si
gnifi
cant
sp
eed
up c
ompa
red
to a
non
-par
alle
l im
plem
enta
tion.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 82
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: D
avid
Lic
htm
an
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
178
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: V
irgin
ia T
ech
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ca
reer
in a
dvan
ced
mat
eria
ls, p
ossib
ly in
volv
ing
grad
uate
scho
ol.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Th
erm
odyn
amic
s and
Kin
etic
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Eric
Las
s, M
ark
Stou
dt
Title
of T
alk:
Re
prod
uctio
n an
d Ch
arac
teriz
atio
n of
Com
mer
cial
Cu-
Ni-Z
n Al
loys
Abst
ract
: Th
e al
loys
in th
e co
pper
-nic
kel-z
inc
tern
ary
syst
em c
an b
e us
ed in
mus
ical
inst
rum
ents
, key
s, m
arin
e eq
uipm
ent,
and
othe
r app
licat
ions
. M
ater
ials
desig
n te
chni
ques
can
be u
sed
to c
reat
e al
loy
com
posit
ions
and
hea
t tre
atm
ent
proc
esse
s tha
t use
a p
erce
ntag
e of
zinc
whi
le re
tain
ing
the
prop
ertie
s of m
ore
expe
nsiv
e Cu
-Ni b
inar
y al
loys
, th
ereb
y gr
eatly
redu
cing
pro
duct
ion
cost
s. A
n im
port
ant s
tep
in th
e al
loy
deve
lopm
ent p
roce
ss is
und
erst
andi
ng
the
rela
tions
hips
bet
wee
n th
erm
o-m
echa
nica
l pro
cess
ing
tech
niqu
es a
nd th
e ph
ysic
al p
rope
rtie
s of t
he d
esig
ned
allo
ys.
Anal
ogs b
ased
on
the
com
posit
ions
of c
omm
erci
al te
rnar
y al
loys
wer
e ca
st a
nd d
iffer
ent t
herm
o-m
echa
nica
l pro
cess
ing
tech
niqu
es w
ere
appl
ied.
Som
e of
thes
e te
chni
ques
incl
uded
col
d ro
lling
, war
m ro
lling
, an
neal
ing,
oil
quen
chin
g, w
ater
que
nchi
ng, a
nd fu
rnac
e co
olin
g. T
he o
rder
in w
hich
the
proc
essin
g st
eps w
ere
appl
ied
can
also
be
a va
riabl
e. S
ampl
es w
ere
char
acte
rized
thro
ugh
ener
gy d
isper
sive
x-ra
y sp
ectr
osco
py (E
DS),
Vick
ers m
icro
-har
dnes
s tes
ting,
opt
ical
met
allo
grap
hy, a
nd c
ondu
ctiv
ity te
stin
g. C
hara
cter
izatio
n da
ta w
ere
inco
rpor
ated
into
pre
dict
ive
mod
els t
o de
term
ine
the
next
step
in th
e al
loy
deve
lopm
ent p
roce
ss.
The
resu
lts
from
the
char
acte
rizat
ion
as th
ey re
late
to th
e de
sign
proc
ess a
nd th
e de
velo
pmen
t of t
herm
o-m
echa
nica
l pr
oces
sing
tech
niqu
es w
ill b
e pr
esen
ted
and
disc
usse
d.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Jac
ob L
ineb
erry
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
9 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Nor
th C
arol
ina
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s and
Mat
hem
atic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
anni
ng to
att
end
grad
uate
scho
ol st
udyi
ng p
hysic
s
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, R
adia
tion
Phys
ics D
ivisi
on, N
eutr
on P
hysic
s
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Piet
er M
umm
Title
of T
alk:
Si
mul
atio
n of
Cos
mic
and
Bac
kgro
und
Radi
atio
n th
roug
h De
tect
or S
hiel
ding
Abst
ract
: Th
e PR
OSP
ECT
expe
rimen
t is a
sear
ch fo
r a st
erile
neu
trin
o, a
new
type
of p
artic
le w
hose
exi
sten
ce is
sugg
este
d by
rece
nt e
xper
imen
ts c
lose
to re
acto
rs (s
hort
bas
elin
e). T
hese
shor
t bas
elin
e ex
perim
ents
show
a d
efic
it of
m
easu
red
part
icle
s dur
ing
neut
rino
mix
ing
of th
e th
ree
type
s (el
ectr
on, m
uon,
tau
neut
rinos
), su
gges
ting
ther
e m
ay e
xist
ano
ther
par
ticle
cap
able
of m
ixin
g w
ith n
eutr
inos
. The
disc
over
y of
this
theo
retic
al p
artic
le w
ould
pr
ovid
e a
stro
ng c
andi
date
for d
ark
mat
ter a
nd p
ossib
ly e
xpla
in th
e do
min
ance
of m
atte
r ove
r ant
imat
ter.
Thi
s se
arch
requ
ires h
ighl
y pr
ecise
det
ecto
rs, w
ith su
ffici
ent s
hiel
ding
to li
mit
back
grou
nd ra
diat
ion,
incl
udin
g ga
mm
a ra
ys, m
uons
, and
neu
tron
s. U
tilizi
ng M
onte
Car
lo m
etho
ds, s
imul
atio
ns m
odel
led
vario
us d
etec
tor a
nd sh
ield
ing
geom
etrie
s, e
xam
inin
g pa
rtic
le c
aptu
re a
nd c
reat
ion.
Thi
s sim
ulat
ion
data
exp
lain
s var
ious
bac
kgro
und
radi
atio
n so
urce
s, in
clud
ing
part
icle
gen
erat
ion
resu
lting
from
bui
ldin
gs, s
truc
ture
s, a
nd th
e sh
ield
ing
itsel
f. U
tilizi
ng th
is da
ta, t
he sh
ield
ing
and
loca
tion
of th
e de
tect
or m
ay th
en b
e op
timize
d to
lim
it sig
nific
ant b
ackg
roun
d ra
diat
ion,
al
low
ing
for t
he m
ost e
ffici
ent u
se o
f det
ecto
r dat
a.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 83
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Cai
tlyn
Mac
zka
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
144
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Bal
timor
e Co
unty
(U
MBC
) M
ajor
: Bi
olog
y, B
.S.
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ph
D in
eith
er C
ellu
lar B
iolo
gy o
r Bio
med
ical
Eng
inee
ring,
gra
duat
e sc
hool
und
ecid
ed.
Purs
uing
a c
aree
r in
biom
edic
al re
sear
ch
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, B
iosy
stem
s and
Bio
mat
eria
ls Di
visio
n,
Biom
ater
ials
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: W
ojte
k Tu
tak
Title
of T
alk:
Ev
alua
ting
Dual
Pla
tfor
ms f
or B
one
and
Vasc
ular
Reg
ener
atio
n
Abst
ract
: Th
e go
al o
f thi
s pro
ject
was
to e
valu
ate
vario
us m
ater
ials
and
met
hods
ava
ilabl
e fo
r cre
atin
g bo
ne sc
affo
ldin
g fo
r de
ntal
tiss
ue re
gene
ratio
n vi
a ai
rbru
shin
g. T
he st
udy
exam
ined
the
inte
ract
ions
bet
wee
n ce
lls a
nd th
eir
envi
ronm
ent,
as w
ell a
s rel
atio
nshi
ps b
etw
een
met
hod
of c
ell d
epos
ition
and
cel
lula
r via
bilit
y. T
he st
udy
was
di
vide
d in
to tw
o re
sear
ch d
irect
ions
.
In th
e fir
st, a
bilit
y to
dep
osit
cells
via
a n
ovel
met
hod
of a
irbru
shin
g w
as in
vest
igat
ed.
Cells
wer
e br
ushe
d on
to
tissu
e cu
lture
pla
tes w
ith d
iffer
ent s
peed
s of d
epos
ition
, as w
ell a
s with
diff
eren
t airb
rush
noz
zle d
esig
ns, t
o de
term
ine
optim
um p
aram
eter
s for
via
ble
hum
an b
one
mar
row
stro
mal
cel
ls (h
BMSC
). V
ario
us b
ioas
says
wer
e im
plem
ente
d to
obt
ain
resu
lts, i
nclu
ding
Pic
oGre
en a
ssay
s, W
ST c
ell-p
rolif
erat
ion
assa
ys, a
nd li
ve/d
ead
imag
ing
assa
ys.
Th
e se
cond
par
t of t
he p
roje
ct lo
oked
at t
he a
bilit
y to
coa
t syn
thes
ized
poly
mer
nan
ofib
ers w
ith v
ario
us b
ioac
tive
prot
eins
, spe
cific
ally
col
lage
n 1
and
fibrin
ogen
. SE
M im
agin
g an
d Co
omas
sie st
aini
ng w
ere
used
to e
xam
ine
prot
ein
adhe
sion
to th
e na
nofib
ers.
Co-
cultu
res c
onsis
ting
of h
BMSC
and
hum
an u
mbi
lical
vas
cula
r end
othe
lial
cells
(HU
VEC)
wer
e us
ed to
ver
ify c
ell r
espo
nse
to th
ese
coat
ed fi
bers
net
wor
ks.
Da
ta in
dica
tes t
hat o
f the
two
test
ed n
ozzle
des
igns
, one
des
ign
show
s hig
her l
evel
s of d
epos
ited
cell
viab
ility
than
th
e ot
her.
As f
or th
e se
cond
par
t of t
he st
udy,
rese
arch
indi
cate
s tha
t pol
ymer
nan
ofib
ers m
ade
of p
oly-
DL-
lact
ide
(PDL
LA) a
nd p
oly(
lact
ic-c
o-gl
ycol
ic a
cid)
(PLG
A) sh
ow th
e ab
ility
to b
e co
ated
with
test
ed p
rote
ins w
ithou
t an
y vi
sible
effe
ct o
n na
nofib
er m
orph
olog
y. I
n vi
tro
cell
stud
ies d
emon
stra
te th
at c
ells
wer
e ab
le to
reco
gnize
the
bioa
ctiv
e pr
otei
n co
atin
gs, a
s ind
icat
ed b
y flu
ores
cent
imag
ing.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Meg
an M
adon
na
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
175
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: V
ande
rbilt
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Biom
edic
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): M
D/Ph
D Pr
ogra
ms
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Bio
syst
ems a
nd B
iom
ater
ials
Divi
sion,
Bi
oass
ay M
etho
ds G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Sa
m F
orry
Title
of T
alk:
Au
tom
atin
g th
e Cu
lture
of M
icro
bial
Bio
film
s
Abst
ract
: Th
e in
trod
uctio
n of
aut
omat
ion
in b
iolo
gica
l pro
toco
ls ca
n in
crea
se e
xper
imen
tal t
hrou
ghpu
t, de
crea
se u
ser
erro
rs, a
nd p
oten
tially
impr
ove
expe
rimen
tal r
epro
duci
bilit
y. O
ne a
pplic
atio
n fo
r suc
h au
tom
atio
n is
the
cultu
re o
f ba
cter
ial b
iofil
ms.
Bact
eria
l bio
film
s are
com
plex
, mic
ro-e
cosy
stem
s tha
t for
m sp
onta
neou
sly o
n su
rfac
es
thro
ugho
ut n
atur
e. In
par
ticul
ar, b
iofil
ms r
epre
sent
ativ
e of
the
oral
env
ironm
ent (
e.g.
den
tal p
laqu
e) a
re u
sefu
l fo
r stu
dyin
g th
erap
ies i
mpo
rtan
t in
hum
an h
ealth
and
dise
ase.
In
the
curr
ent w
ork
we
valid
ated
aut
omat
ed li
quid
han
dlin
g op
erat
ions
for t
he g
ener
atio
n an
d an
alys
is of
cul
ture
s of
Str
epto
cocu
s mut
ans,
a co
mm
on o
ral m
icro
be. B
oth
96-c
hann
el a
nd 8
-cha
nnel
par
alle
l pip
ettin
g st
eps w
ere
valid
ated
usin
g a
BioM
ek F
X au
tom
ated
liqu
id h
andl
er. A
utom
ated
flui
d m
anip
ulat
ion
was
hig
hly
repr
oduc
ible
and
al
low
ed th
e ro
utin
e ge
nera
tion
of S
. mut
ans c
ultu
res 1
0-25
tim
es fa
ster
than
man
ual p
repa
ratio
ns. T
oxic
ity a
ssay
s pe
rfor
med
on
the
mic
robi
al c
ultu
res t
o st
udy
mou
thw
ash
ingr
edie
nts s
how
case
d th
e ut
ility
of a
utom
ated
pr
oced
ures
to a
ccel
erat
ed ro
utin
e an
alys
is. T
he h
igh-
thro
ughp
ut o
f aut
omat
ion
enab
led
rapi
d ev
alua
tion
of a
va
riety
of a
ssay
par
amet
ers a
nd c
ultu
re c
ondi
tions
. Ove
rall,
aut
omat
ed li
quid
han
dlin
g ac
cele
rate
d re
sear
ch
inve
stig
atio
ns u
sing
mic
robi
al b
iofil
ms.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 84
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: :
Dav
id M
arin
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
on d
oing
rese
arch
or e
ngin
eerin
g w
ork
befo
re g
oing
bac
k to
fini
sh G
radu
ate
Scho
ol
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Fu
nctio
nal N
anos
truc
ture
d M
ater
ials
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Dan
iel G
opm
an
Title
of T
alk:
An
Ext
raor
dina
ry H
all E
ffect
Sus
cept
omet
er fo
r Fas
t Mea
sure
men
ts o
f Mag
netic
Med
ia
Abst
ract
: As
the
mag
netic
reco
rdin
g in
dust
ry c
ontin
ues t
o pr
ess t
he li
mits
of h
ard
disk
driv
e ca
paci
ty, t
here
has
aris
en th
e gr
eat c
halle
nge
of p
reci
sely
con
trol
ling
the
mat
eria
l par
amet
ers o
f mag
netic
med
ia. T
his i
s bec
ause
the
decr
ease
in
mag
netic
bit
size
need
ed fo
r den
ser s
tora
ge is
acc
ompa
nied
by
enha
nced
fluc
tuat
ions
bet
wee
n in
divi
dual
m
agne
tic b
its. I
n or
der t
o ad
dres
s thi
s cha
lleng
e, a
bet
ter u
nder
stan
ding
of r
ever
sal i
n m
agne
tic m
edia
mus
t be
unde
rtak
en th
roug
h th
orou
gh in
vest
igat
ions
of m
agne
tizat
ion
reve
rsal
. We
have
dev
elop
ed a
mea
sure
men
t ap
para
tus t
o ac
hiev
e fa
st ch
arac
teriz
atio
n of
thin
film
mag
netic
med
ia u
sing
the
extr
aord
inar
y ha
ll ef
fect
to p
robe
th
e m
agne
tizat
ion
of th
e m
agne
tic m
edia
. Thi
s app
arat
us is
a ty
pe o
f sus
cept
omet
er b
ecau
se it
relie
s upo
n a
smal
l
W
e ha
ve g
ener
ated
2D
and
3D d
esig
ns a
s wel
l as 3
D, sc
aled
pla
stic
facs
imile
s for
the
purp
ose
of p
roto
typi
ng a
nd
eval
uatin
g th
e de
sign.
The
susc
epto
met
er p
rodu
ces a
n al
tern
atin
g m
agne
tic fi
eld
up to
3.9
mT
peak
am
plitu
de.
Afte
r the
sam
ple
is pl
aced
insid
e of
the
coil
with
in th
e de
vice
, the
susc
epto
met
er is
att
ache
d to
a tr
ack
whi
ch
allo
ws f
or a
ngul
ar c
ontr
ol, t
rans
latio
n in
and
out
of a
larg
er e
lect
rom
agne
t, an
d fa
st re
plac
emen
t of t
est s
ampl
es.
A di
gita
l sw
itchi
ng c
ircui
t allo
ws f
or m
ultip
le e
lect
rical
con
figur
atio
ns, i
nclu
ding
ext
raor
dina
ry h
all e
ffect
and
in-
plan
e re
sista
nce
mea
sure
men
ts. F
or N
IST
to m
aint
ain
a st
anda
rd fo
r the
mag
netiz
atio
n in
har
d dr
ives
, the
st
anda
rd d
evia
tion
of c
oerc
ivity
mus
t be
decr
ease
d w
hile
sim
ulta
neou
sly m
aint
aini
ng th
e de
sired
mea
n co
erci
vity
w
ithin
a re
ason
able
cos
t ran
ge. B
y m
akin
g qu
ick,
eas
y an
d ac
cura
te m
easu
rem
ents
, thi
s sus
cept
omet
er w
ill h
elp
indu
stry
ach
ieve
fast
er tu
rnar
ound
on
mat
eria
ls de
sign
and
cont
inue
pro
gres
s tow
ard
high
er d
ensit
y ha
rd d
rive
stor
age.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: E
ric M
arks
z G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H16
9 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pitt
sbur
gh
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
ent
er g
radu
ate
scho
ol in
Fal
l 201
5 fo
r a d
egre
e in
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Nan
osca
le S
cien
ce a
nd T
echn
olog
y, E
lect
ron
Phys
ics G
roup
, Las
er A
tom
M
anip
ulat
ion
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. J
abez
J. M
cCle
lland
Title
of T
alk:
Ap
plic
atio
ns o
f Las
er-C
oole
d Li
thiu
m Io
n So
urce
Foc
used
Ion
Beam
Tec
hnol
ogy
for
Mat
eria
ls An
alys
is an
d Pr
oces
sing
Abst
ract
: Fo
cuse
d io
n be
ams (
FIBs
) are
wid
ely
used
tool
s in
man
y in
dust
ries,
due
to th
eir i
nval
uabl
e ab
ility
to m
ill a
way
m
ater
ial,
impl
ant i
ons d
eep
into
a m
ater
ial,
and
prov
ide
imag
ing
capa
bilit
y w
ith d
iffer
ent i
nfor
mat
ion
com
pare
d to
SEM
and
TEM
imag
es, a
ll at
hig
h re
solu
tions
. NIS
T ha
s dev
elop
ed a
one
-of-a
-kin
d io
n be
am so
urce
, usin
g lit
hium
in p
lace
of t
he tr
aditi
onal
gal
lium
. Usin
g lig
htw
eigh
t Li+ io
ns a
t ene
rgie
s of 1
-4 k
V re
duce
s spu
tter
ing
yiel
d an
d pe
netr
atio
n de
pth.
I us
ed th
is un
ique
syst
em to
exp
lore
opp
ortu
nitie
s for
a L
i+ -FIB
for a
naly
zing
and
proc
essin
g ne
w m
ater
ials,
incl
udin
g m
ater
ials
for L
i-S b
atte
ry te
chno
logy
, MW
CNT-
epox
y co
mpo
sites
, nitr
ogen
-va
canc
y (N
V) c
ente
rs in
dia
mon
d, a
s wel
l as b
iolo
gica
l sam
ples
and
gra
phen
e el
ectr
odes
. Su
lfur-
copo
lym
er c
ompo
sites
wer
e m
ade
by N
IST
rese
arch
ers f
or a
pplic
atio
n as
cat
hode
s with
impr
oved
cyc
le
lifet
ime
com
pare
d to
cur
rent
mat
eria
ls fo
r Li-S
bat
terie
s, c
onsid
ered
a p
ossib
le n
ext s
tep
in b
atte
ry te
chno
logy
for
elec
tric
veh
icle
s. T
he L
i+ -FIB
was
use
d to
con
trol
labl
y im
plan
t lith
ium
into
regi
ons o
f thi
s mat
eria
l as a
met
hod
to
bett
er u
nder
stan
d ho
w li
thiu
m in
tera
cts a
nd fu
nctio
ns in
the
mat
eria
l dur
ing
batt
ery
disc
harg
e.
The
nega
tivel
y ch
arge
d N
V- cen
ter i
n di
amon
d is
high
ly re
gard
ed fo
r its
pot
entia
l app
licat
ion
in m
agne
tom
etry
se
nsin
g an
d qu
antu
m in
form
atio
n pr
oces
sing,
due
to a
long
-live
d gr
ound
-sta
te c
oher
ence
. Nea
r-su
rfac
e N
V- ce
nter
s are
nee
ded
to fa
cilit
ate
coup
ling
and
enha
nce
sens
itivi
ty. T
he L
i+ -FIB
was
use
d to
indu
ce la
ttic
e da
mag
e in
di
amon
d sin
gle
crys
tals
with
[N] <
1 p
pm, f
ollo
wed
by
a re
crys
talli
zatio
n he
at tr
eatm
ent,
prom
otin
g di
ffusio
n of
va
canc
ies a
nd n
itrog
en im
purit
ies t
o fo
rm d
esira
ble
NV- ce
nter
s. D
ue to
the
shal
low
impl
anta
tion
dept
h (<
100
nm)
of th
e lit
hium
bea
m, t
hese
NV- c
ente
rs a
re b
elie
ved
to re
mai
n m
ore
near
the
surf
ace
than
oth
er tr
eatm
ents
pe
netr
atin
g to
dep
ths o
f sev
eral
mic
rons
. Th
e Li
+ -FIB
was
also
use
d to
imag
e M
WCN
T-ep
oxy
com
posit
e m
ater
ials,
follo
win
g tim
ed e
xpos
ures
of t
hese
m
ater
ials
to U
V la
sers
. UV
light
deg
rade
s the
epo
xy m
atrix
, lea
ving
beh
ind
a co
mpa
ct a
nd h
ighl
y co
nduc
tive
surf
ace
laye
r of M
WCN
Ts. S
urfa
ce w
ires w
ith p
ossib
le se
lf-he
alin
g pr
oper
ties w
ere
crea
ted
on th
e co
mpo
sites
by
patt
erni
ng th
e U
V la
ser e
xpos
ures
. The
Li+ F
IB w
as u
sed
to c
lear
ly im
age
the
loca
tion
of th
e M
WCN
Ts w
ithin
the
com
posit
e, ta
king
adv
anta
ge o
f the
hig
h ch
argi
ng c
ontr
ast a
vaila
ble
with
an
ion
mic
rosc
ope.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 85
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Kam
ala
May
o G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f the
Dist
rict o
f Col
umbi
a (U
DC)
Maj
or:
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l – U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Adv
ance
Net
wor
k Te
chno
logi
es D
ivisi
on,
Inte
rnet
& S
cala
ble
Syst
ems M
etro
logy
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Do
ug M
ontg
omer
y
Title
of T
alk:
Te
st a
nd M
easu
rem
ent o
f Em
ergi
ng B
orde
r Gat
eway
Pro
toco
l Sec
urity
Mec
hani
sm
Abst
ract
: Th
e Bo
rder
Gat
eway
Pro
toco
l (BG
P) is
the
glue
that
hol
ds th
e In
tern
et to
geth
er. B
GP ro
utes
dat
a be
twee
n th
e In
tern
et’s
mai
n co
mpo
nent
s, A
uton
omou
s Sys
tem
s (AS
’s),
whi
ch a
re a
dmin
istra
tive
dom
ains
that
mai
ntai
n th
eir
own
loca
l rou
ting
polic
ies.
BGP
rout
es in
form
atio
n am
ong
AS’s
and
use
s thi
s inf
orm
atio
n al
ong
with
loca
l rou
ting
polic
ies t
o se
lect
the
best
rout
e to
a d
estin
atio
n. B
GP w
as o
rigin
ally
con
ceiv
ed w
ith n
o se
curit
y. It
is n
ow v
ulne
rabl
e to
mal
icio
us a
ttac
ks a
nd a
ccid
enta
l misc
onfig
urat
ions
, bot
h of
whi
ch c
an c
ause
Inte
rnet
out
ages
that
disr
upt t
raffi
c flo
ws.
BGP
vul
nera
bilit
ies h
ave
been
resp
onsib
le fo
r maj
or se
curit
y in
cide
nts s
uch
as P
akist
an T
elec
om’s
atte
mpt
to
cens
or Y
ouTu
be in
200
8, w
hich
kno
cked
the
site
offli
ne, a
nd th
e Ch
ina
Tele
com
BGP
hija
ck o
f 15
% o
f the
ent
ire
Inte
rnet
in 2
010.
N
IST
has b
een
wor
king
with
the
Inte
rnet
indu
stry
and
the
Inte
rnet
Eng
inee
ring
Task
For
ce (I
ETF)
to d
esig
n an
d st
anda
rdize
new
tech
niqu
es to
pre
vent
BGP
hija
cks.
One
com
pone
nt o
f the
se te
chni
ques
is a
glo
bal R
esou
rce
Publ
ic
Key
Infr
astr
uctu
re (R
PKI)
that
pro
vide
s cry
ptog
raph
ical
ly v
erifi
able
att
esta
tions
abo
ut th
e ow
ners
hip
and
use
of
Inte
rnet
reso
urce
s (e.
g., I
P Ad
dres
ses a
nd A
uton
omou
s Sys
tem
Num
bers
). I
n th
e ea
rly st
ages
of d
eplo
ymen
t, th
ere
is in
dust
ry c
once
rn a
bout
the
robu
stne
ss a
nd in
tero
pera
bilit
y of
RPK
I inf
orm
atio
n. I
n th
is ta
lk I
will
pre
sent
in
form
atio
n on
NIS
T de
velo
pmen
t tes
t and
mea
sure
men
t tec
hniq
ues d
esig
ned
char
acte
rize
the
com
plet
enes
s and
co
rrec
tnes
s of t
he e
mer
ging
glo
bal R
PKI.
In p
artic
ular
, I w
ill fo
cus o
n ex
tens
ions
I de
velo
ped
to th
e N
IST
mea
sure
men
t too
ls to
ena
ble
cont
inuo
us in
tero
pera
bilit
y te
stin
g am
ong
two
lead
ing
open
sour
ce R
PKI v
alid
atio
n pl
atfo
rms,
bei
ng d
evel
oped
by
rese
arch
ers i
n th
e U
S an
d Eu
rope
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Jar
ed M
cAnd
rew
s G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H16
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mill
ersv
ille
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Co
nsid
erin
g a
care
er in
Web
Dev
elop
men
t or G
rad
Scho
ol
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Info
rmat
ion
Acce
ss D
ivisi
on, I
mag
e Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Kevi
n M
ango
ld
Title
of T
alk:
Ev
alua
tion
of D
evel
opm
ent T
echn
olog
ies a
nd U
sabi
lity
Desig
n fo
r Cro
ss-P
latfo
rm/C
ross
-De
vice
Bio
met
ric A
pplic
atio
ns
Abst
ract
: Th
e st
anda
rd p
roto
col k
now
n as
Web
Ser
vice
s for
Bio
met
ric D
evic
es (W
S-BD
) was
dev
elop
ed b
y th
e N
IST
Biom
etric
Cl
ient
s Lab
, in
resp
onse
to th
e w
ides
prea
d sh
ift to
war
ds m
obile
com
putin
g. W
S-BD
use
s cur
rent
web
tech
nolo
gies
to
enab
le d
river
free
and
wire
less
com
mun
icat
ion
betw
een
softw
are
runn
ing
on n
early
any
pla
tfor
m a
nd n
early
any
ki
nd o
f bio
met
ric d
evic
e. W
eb-S
ervi
ces f
or A
cqui
ring
Biom
etric
Info
rmat
ion
(wsa
bi) 2
.0 is
an
iOS-
base
d ap
plic
atio
n de
velo
ped
for t
he iP
ad to
ena
ble
test
ing
and
dem
onst
ratio
n of
WS-
BD d
evic
es. I
n or
der t
o ad
dres
s the
gro
win
g po
pula
rity
of sm
artp
hone
s, th
e de
sign
for w
sabi
2.0
nee
ds to
be
reev
alua
ted
for s
mal
ler f
orm
-fact
or d
evic
es.
Addi
tiona
lly, n
ew d
evel
opm
ent s
houl
d be
don
e us
ing
cros
s-pl
atfo
rm te
chno
logi
es. S
ome
of th
e cr
oss-
plat
form
de
velo
pmen
t too
ls th
at w
e re
sear
ched
incl
ude
Mos
ync,
Apa
che
Flex
, Pho
nega
p, a
nd G
oogl
e W
eb T
oolk
it (G
WT)
. We
bega
n re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
f int
erfa
ce g
uida
nce
for s
mar
tpho
ne a
pplic
atio
n, w
sabi
3.0
. Aft
er a
naly
sis o
f av
aila
ble
tool
s and
tech
nolo
gies
, we
deci
ded
to u
se G
WT,
and
Pho
nega
p. T
hese
tool
s fac
ilita
ted
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f an
app
licat
ion
that
leve
rage
d an
d im
plem
ente
d w
eb te
chno
logi
es a
vaila
ble
on e
very
Inte
rnet
-ena
bled
dev
ice,
pa
rtic
ular
smar
tpho
nes.
Bot
h th
e N
exus
4, a
nd th
e iP
hone
wer
e us
ed fo
r dev
elop
men
t and
test
ing.
Det
aile
d re
sear
ch o
n cr
oss-
plat
form
dev
elop
men
t tec
hnol
ogie
s, us
abili
ty te
st re
sults
, and
the
curr
ent s
tate
of w
sabi
3.0
will
be
pre
sent
ed.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 86
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
onor
McC
oy
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: Fi
re P
rote
ctio
n En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): W
ill b
e pu
rsui
ng a
Mas
ter o
f Sci
ence
deg
ree
in F
ire P
rote
ctio
n En
gine
erin
g at
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Fire
Res
earc
h Di
visio
n, E
ngin
eere
d Fi
re S
afet
y Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. A
ntho
ny P
utor
ti
Title
of T
alk:
De
velo
pmen
t of L
ow-C
ost D
ata
Acqu
isitio
n De
vice
s for
Ext
rem
e Ha
zard
App
licat
ions
Abst
ract
: Re
sear
cher
s col
lect
dat
a us
ing
diffe
rent
sens
ors t
o be
tter
und
erst
and
the
phys
ical
wor
ld. D
ata
acqu
isitio
n de
vice
s ar
e a
criti
cal p
art o
f res
earc
h be
caus
e th
ey in
terf
ace
sens
ors w
ith c
ompu
ters
for f
urth
er a
naly
sis a
nd d
ata
stor
age.
Co
mm
erci
al d
ata
acqu
isitio
n de
vice
s can
cos
t tho
usan
ds to
tens
of t
hous
ands
of d
olla
rs, m
akin
g th
eir u
se in
ex
trem
ely
haza
rdou
s env
ironm
ents
whe
re th
ere
exist
s a h
igh
risk
of d
amag
e to
the
devi
ce, p
rohi
bitiv
ely
expe
nsiv
e. T
here
fore
, the
dev
elop
men
t of a
low
-cos
t dat
a ac
quisi
tion
syst
em is
nec
essa
ry to
ove
rcom
e th
is fin
anci
al b
arrie
r to
rese
arch
. A
data
acq
uisit
ion
devi
ce w
as d
esig
ned
and
deve
lope
d sp
ecifi
cally
for u
se in
hig
h te
mpe
ratu
re fi
re e
nviro
nmen
ts w
ith th
e pr
esen
ce o
f low
, med
ium
, and
hig
h vo
ltage
haz
ards
and
serv
ed to
log
tem
pera
ture
mea
sure
men
ts o
ver t
ime
usin
g a
ther
moc
oupl
e.
This
proj
ect s
ough
t to
dete
rmin
e th
e co
mpo
nent
s nec
essa
ry in
des
igni
ng a
dat
a ac
quisi
tion
syst
em a
nd id
entif
y po
tent
ial h
azar
ds to
its p
erfo
rman
ce fo
r fut
ure
cons
ider
atio
n. T
he d
esig
n of
the
data
acq
uisit
ion
syst
em w
as
insp
ired
by th
e us
e of
the
Ardu
ino
mic
roco
ntro
ller f
ound
in p
revi
ous d
esig
ns. S
imila
r har
dwar
e w
as e
mpl
oyed
, but
ou
r des
ign
is a
stan
d-al
one
syst
em u
nlik
e its
pre
dece
ssor
s, to
ens
ure
that
it d
oes n
ot in
terf
ace
with
a c
ompu
ter
until
haz
ardo
us c
ondi
tions
are
ove
r. P
rogr
amm
ing
was
don
e in
a si
mpl
ified
C/C
++ la
ngua
ge. T
he fi
nal d
esig
n is
to
be te
sted
and
val
idat
ed b
y re
cord
ing
elev
ated
tem
pera
ture
s.
It ha
s bee
n sh
own
that
mic
roco
ntro
llers
are
a re
liabl
e, a
cces
sible
, cus
tom
izabl
e, a
nd a
fford
able
opt
ion
in
deve
lopi
ng a
dat
a ac
quisi
tion
syst
em. F
utur
e co
nsid
erat
ions
for t
his p
artic
ular
des
ign
incl
ude
the
mea
sure
men
t an
d as
sess
men
t of t
he e
ffect
s of E
lect
rical
Mag
netic
Inte
rfer
ence
and
met
hods
such
as f
ilter
ing
to m
itiga
te th
ese
effe
cts.
Fiel
d te
stin
g of
this
devi
ce w
ill ta
ke p
lace
late
r in
the
year
and
will
hel
p to
det
erm
ine
futu
re im
prov
emen
ts
to th
e de
sign.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
usan
McG
ratt
an
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
151
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
orne
ll U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: En
viro
nmen
tal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
ndec
ided
, pos
sibly
gra
duat
e sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
; Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
In
form
atio
n M
odel
ing
and
Test
ing
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: KC
Mor
ris
Title
of T
alk:
W
ater
Con
sum
ptio
n in
Man
ufac
turin
g Pr
oces
ses
Abst
ract
: W
ater
is ra
pidl
y be
com
ing
a sc
arce
reso
urce
in m
any
area
s of t
he w
orld
and
mill
ions
of p
eopl
e do
not
hav
e ac
cess
to
ade
quat
e am
ount
s of w
ater
for d
rinki
ng a
nd sa
nita
tion.
Cur
rent
supp
ly le
vels
may
be
unab
le to
mee
t fut
ure
dem
and
from
a g
row
ing
popu
latio
n an
d ec
onom
y, e
mph
asizi
ng th
e im
port
ance
of c
onse
rvat
ion
effo
rts.
Sin
ce
indu
stry
con
sum
es a
sign
ifica
nt a
mou
nt o
f wat
er fo
r coo
ling
and
prod
uctio
n pu
rpos
es, t
he n
eed
for s
usta
inab
le
wat
er u
se p
ract
ices
is ri
sing.
A g
oal f
or su
stai
nabl
e m
anuf
actu
ring
effo
rts i
s to
redu
ce in
dust
ry’s
cons
umpt
ion
of
wat
er a
nd o
ther
reso
urce
s, su
ch a
s ene
rgy
and
mat
eria
ls, w
hile
con
tinui
ng to
pro
duce
hig
h qu
ality
pro
duct
s. Th
is pr
ojec
t foc
uses
on
the
wat
er u
sage
asp
ect o
f sus
tain
able
man
ufac
turin
g. A
n ex
tens
ive
liter
atur
e re
view
was
co
nduc
ted
to e
xam
ine
the
wat
er re
quire
men
ts a
nd w
ater
use
in a
var
iety
of m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
esse
s. In
divi
dual
pr
oces
ses w
ere
sele
cted
at t
he u
nit m
anuf
actu
ring
leve
l and
spec
ific
wat
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
was
det
erm
ined
for
each
. Pro
cess
rate
was
use
d to
nor
mal
ize th
e da
ta fo
r com
paris
on in
ord
er to
iden
tify
wat
er in
tens
ive
proc
esse
s.
Wat
er c
onse
rvat
ion
effo
rts c
an b
e fo
cuse
d on
thes
e pr
oces
ses t
o re
duce
wat
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
and
prov
ide
pote
ntia
l sav
ings
. The
se fi
gure
s will
serv
e as
a u
sefu
l gui
de fo
r fut
ure
inve
stig
atio
ns in
to th
e im
pact
of w
ater
usa
ge
on m
anuf
actu
ring.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 87
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
onat
han
Mic
helso
n G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H18
1 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Bin
gham
ton
Uni
vers
ity, S
tate
Uni
vers
ity o
f N
ew Y
ork
Maj
or:
Elec
tric
al E
ngin
eerin
g
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l Ca
reer
in P
rofe
ssio
nal A
udio
Har
dwar
e/So
ftwar
e De
velo
pmen
t and
/or I
nnov
atio
n N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Phys
ical
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Sem
icon
duct
or &
Dim
ensio
nal M
etro
logy
Div
ision
, Ad
vanc
ed D
evic
e Re
liabi
lity
and
Char
acte
rizat
ion
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Li
n Yo
u, Jo
seph
Kop
ansk
i
Title
of T
alk:
Sc
anni
ng M
icro
wav
e M
icro
scop
y: A
Pro
misi
ng T
echn
ique
for 3
D-IC
Sub
surf
ace
Met
rolo
gy
Abst
ract
: In
tegr
ated
circ
uit d
evel
oper
s, in
sear
ch o
f eve
r im
prov
ing
chip
effi
cien
cies
, hav
e sh
ifted
att
entio
n aw
ay fr
om th
e st
anda
rd, t
wo-
dim
ensio
nal,
plan
ar d
esig
ns to
war
ds a
mor
e pr
omisi
ng b
uild
: the
thre
e-di
men
siona
l sta
cked
in
tegr
ated
circ
uit (
3D-IC
, or 3
D-SI
C). A
ttra
ctin
g tr
emen
dous
rese
arch
inte
rest
, the
se 3
D-IC
arc
hite
ctur
es in
dica
te
nove
l per
form
ance
adv
ance
men
ts –
an
entic
ing
bit f
or th
e se
mic
ondu
ctor
and
ele
ctro
nics
indu
strie
s. H
owev
er,
wha
t wou
ld b
e be
nefic
ial i
n fu
rthe
r dev
elop
ing
this
exci
ting
tech
nolo
gy’s
pot
entia
l are
robu
st te
chni
ques
for t
he
char
acte
rizat
ion
& m
etro
logy
of t
he su
bsur
face
“met
allic
fore
sts”
of e
lect
rical
con
nect
ions
and
dev
ices
bur
ied
in
thes
e m
ultil
ayer
3D-
ICs.
The
pro
cedu
re o
f sca
nnin
g m
icro
wav
e m
icro
scop
y (S
MM
), w
ith it
s non
-inva
sive,
hig
h-re
solu
tion,
subs
urfa
ce im
agin
g ca
pabi
litie
s, a
ppea
rs to
be
a st
rong
can
dida
te fo
r thi
s tas
k. S
MM
ope
rate
s by
send
ing
mic
row
ave-
freq
uenc
y (1
-20G
Hz) s
igna
ls th
roug
h a
nano
met
er-s
cale
con
duct
ive
tip a
s it s
cans
acr
oss a
sa
mpl
e of
inte
rest
, con
sequ
ently
det
ectin
g th
e ch
ange
s in
ampl
itude
and
pha
se o
f the
refle
cted
mic
row
ave
signa
ls (c
alle
d S1
1-pa
ram
eter
s) th
at a
re d
ue to
min
ute
varia
tion
in ti
p-sa
mpl
e im
peda
nce.
In o
ther
wor
ds, t
he S
MM
pr
oced
ure
can
"map
" S11
-am
plitu
de a
nd -p
hase
ver
sus t
ip p
ositi
on, o
btai
ning
use
ful i
nfor
mat
ion
abou
t the
am
plitu
de-a
lterin
g su
bsur
face
geo
met
ry. I
n th
is SU
RF p
roje
ct, t
he fi
nite
-ele
men
t-ana
lysis
softw
are
COM
SOL
Mul
tiphy
sics w
as e
mpl
oyed
to m
odel
a si
mpl
ified
SM
M se
tup
with
var
ious
spec
ific
subs
urfa
ce te
st st
ruct
ures
. The
S1
1 re
spon
se fo
r the
sim
ulat
ions
was
obt
aine
d an
d co
mpa
red
with
exp
erim
enta
l S11
dat
a. A
goo
d ag
reem
ent
betw
een
the
COM
SOL
mod
el d
ata
and
expe
rimen
tal d
ata
was
ach
ieve
d, il
lust
ratin
g th
e ef
fect
iven
ess o
f the
sim
ulat
ion
appr
oach
as a
n in
vest
igat
ive
and
pred
ictiv
e to
ol. T
his w
ork
help
s int
erpr
et S
MM
subs
urfa
ce re
sults
, an
d pr
ovid
es a
func
tiona
l pla
tfor
m fo
r fut
ure
subs
urfa
ce im
agin
g sim
ulat
ions
of o
ther
test
stru
ctur
es o
f int
eres
t. Co
ntin
ued
refin
emen
t of t
hese
, and
cre
atio
n of
oth
er, s
oftw
are
simul
atio
ns fo
r fut
ure
SMM
-met
rolo
gy
inve
stig
atio
n is
just
ified
and
enc
oura
ged
by th
e re
sults
pre
sent
ed in
this
wor
k.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: R
yan
Mill
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
184
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of T
exas
at D
alla
s M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
for a
M.S
. in
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
or a
car
eer i
n Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Life
Cyc
le E
ngin
eerin
g Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. G
ordo
n Sh
ao
Title
of T
alk:
De
velo
ping
a D
omai
n Sp
ecifi
c M
odel
Lib
rary
and
Sup
port
ing
Tool
s for
Man
ufac
turin
g M
odel
ing
and
Opt
imiza
tion
Abst
ract
: Th
ere
are
man
y ex
istin
g ap
plic
atio
ns a
vaila
ble
for a
naly
zing
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
ses.
How
ever
, the
lear
ning
cu
rves
for m
ost o
f the
se a
pplic
atio
ns a
re st
eep
and
requ
ire e
xten
sive
prog
ram
ing
and/
or m
athe
mat
ical
kn
owle
dge.
Pro
cess
eng
inee
rs a
re c
urre
ntly
miss
ing
an in
tuiti
ve a
nd e
asy
met
hod
to m
odel
, sim
ulat
e, a
nd
optim
ize th
eir m
anuf
actu
ring
prob
lem
s. W
ith a
man
ufac
turin
g do
mai
n m
odel
libr
ary,
a d
omai
n us
er su
ch a
s a
proc
ess e
ngin
eer c
ould
mod
el m
anuf
actu
ring
proc
esse
s usin
g a
Mod
elic
a Gr
aphi
cal U
ser I
nter
face
(GU
I).
Thes
e m
odel
ed p
roce
sses
can
be
simul
ated
to p
erfo
rm w
hat-
if an
alys
is fo
r dec
ision
supp
ort.
Th
e sa
me
man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
s mod
els c
an a
lso b
e op
timize
d w
ith re
gard
to sp
ecifi
c pa
ram
eter
s and
met
rics.
For
this
purp
ose,
the
Mod
elic
a m
odel
s will
be
tran
slate
d to
the
Sust
aina
ble
Proc
ess A
naly
tics F
orm
alism
(SPA
F) m
odel
s, a
n ap
plic
atio
n-in
depe
nden
t for
mat
, whi
ch c
an th
en b
e co
mpi
led
to a
stan
dard
opt
imiza
tion
mod
el a
nd e
xecu
ted
usin
g op
timiza
tion
solv
ers s
uch
as C
PLEX
to d
eriv
e op
timal
resu
lts.
Thes
e re
sults
will
be
prov
ided
to th
e us
ers t
hrou
gh
the
Mod
elic
a GU
I as a
ctio
nabl
e re
com
men
datio
ns.
In
this
proj
ect,
an e
xten
dabl
e m
anuf
actu
ring
dom
ain
mod
el li
brar
y is
crea
ted
usin
g th
e M
odel
ica
mod
elin
g la
ngua
ge a
nd e
nviro
nmen
t. Re
usab
le m
anuf
actu
ring
mod
els a
nd c
ompo
nent
s are
dev
elop
ed.
Mor
e m
odel
co
mpo
nent
s can
be
adde
d as
nee
ded.
A
tran
slato
r is d
evel
oped
usin
g Ja
va to
tran
slate
Mod
elic
a m
odel
s to
SPAF
m
odel
s and
inst
antia
te o
ptim
al re
sults
thro
ugh
the
Mod
elic
a GU
I.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 88
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Maj
a M
ilosa
vlje
vic
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
124
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
mith
Col
lege
M
ajor
: M
athe
mat
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Co
llege
Gra
duat
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): W
ork
for 1
-2 y
ears
and
then
pur
sue
a Ph
.D. i
n St
atist
ics
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Sta
tistic
al E
ngin
eerin
g Di
visio
n
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Anto
nio
Poss
olo
Title
of T
alk:
Se
ason
al a
nd S
patia
l Pat
tern
s in
the
Atm
osph
eric
Con
cent
ratio
n of
Gre
enho
use
Gase
s
Abst
ract
: Di
scre
te m
easu
rem
ents
of t
he a
bund
ance
s of g
reen
hous
e ga
s mad
e at
var
ious
obs
erva
torie
s wor
ldw
ide
serv
e to
ch
arac
teriz
e th
e st
ate
of th
e at
mos
pher
e an
d he
lp tr
ack
chan
ges o
ver t
ime
that
may
be
rela
ted
to c
limat
e ch
ange
. Ti
me
serie
s of m
easu
rem
ents
of t
he a
tmos
pher
ic c
once
ntra
tion
of g
reen
hous
e ga
ses p
rovi
ded
by th
e N
atio
nal
Oce
anic
and
Atm
osph
eric
Adm
inist
ratio
n (N
OAA
) at s
ix o
bser
vato
ries p
rovi
de th
e ra
w m
ater
ials
to c
hara
cter
ize th
e sp
atia
l and
tem
pora
l asp
ects
of t
he th
ose
patt
erns
of v
aria
bilit
y. A
key
tech
nica
l too
l tha
t I h
ave
empl
oyed
for t
his
purp
ose
prod
uces
a d
ecom
posit
ion
of a
tim
e se
ries i
nto
seas
onal
, tre
nd, a
nd re
mai
nder
com
pone
nts.
The
n,
com
paris
ons b
etw
een
obse
rvat
orie
s and
diff
eren
t gas
eous
spec
ies (
carb
on d
ioxi
de, c
arbo
n m
onox
ide,
met
hane
, et
c.) c
an b
e m
ade
for b
oth
the
seas
onal
and
tren
d co
mpo
nent
s. I
n th
is pr
esen
tatio
n I w
ill d
escr
ibe
how
thes
e co
mpa
rison
s wer
e do
ne, a
nd th
e co
rres
pond
ing
resu
lts.
The
tren
d co
mpo
nent
s sho
w d
ecre
asin
g le
vels
of c
arbo
n m
onox
ide
and
met
hane
gas
as l
atitu
de d
ecre
ases
. Add
ition
ally
, the
re a
re d
istin
ct se
ason
ality
pat
tern
s for
all
obse
rved
gas
es, a
nd th
e co
ncen
trat
ions
in th
e no
rthe
rn a
nd so
uthe
rn h
emisp
here
s are
out
of p
hase
. In
both
he
misp
here
s, g
reen
hous
e ga
s em
issio
ns a
re h
ighe
st in
the
win
ter a
nd lo
wes
t in
the
sum
mer
. So
me
of th
e ob
serv
ed
patt
erns
disc
usse
d in
this
pres
enta
tion
are
supp
orte
d by
pub
lishe
d lit
erat
ure,
but
oth
ers l
eave
ope
n qu
estio
ns o
f po
tent
ial i
nter
est t
o at
mos
pher
ic sc
ient
ists a
nd w
orth
y of
furt
her s
tudy
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: R
ohan
Mitt
al
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Col
lege
Par
k M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to o
btai
n ei
ther
a M
aste
rs o
r Ph.
D de
pend
ing
on w
hich
fiel
d I d
ecid
e on
pur
suin
g
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Sci
ence
Div
ision
, Se
curit
ies T
echn
olog
y Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. A
man
da F
orst
er
Title
of T
alk:
U
nidi
rect
iona
l Bal
listic
Res
istan
t Lam
inat
es
Abst
ract
: In
the
sum
mer
of 2
003,
a p
olic
e of
ficer
’s p
olyb
enzo
biso
xazo
le (P
BO) a
rmor
was
pen
etra
ted
by a
roun
d th
e ar
mor
sh
ould
hav
e be
en a
ble
to w
ithst
and.
Thi
s was
the
first
tim
e a
balli
stic
-res
istan
t bod
y ar
mor
faile
d in
the
30 y
ear
hist
ory
of th
e N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of Ju
stic
e (N
IJ) B
ody
Arm
or S
tand
ard.
NIS
T le
d an
inve
stig
atio
n in
to th
e fa
ilure
of
this
vest
, and
it w
as d
eter
min
ed th
at h
ydro
lytic
deg
rada
tion
play
ed a
role
in it
s fai
lure
. As a
resu
lt, a
n en
viro
nmen
tal c
ondi
tioni
ng p
roto
col w
as in
stat
ed in
the
NIJ
Body
Arm
or S
tand
ard
in 2
008
to b
ette
r scr
een
arm
or
for s
usce
ptib
ility
to d
egra
datio
n du
e to
hyd
roly
sis. N
IST
cont
inue
s to
eval
uate
the
arm
or se
rvic
e lif
e th
roug
h its
lo
ng-t
erm
stab
ility
of h
igh
stre
ngth
fibe
rs re
sear
ch p
rogr
am.
The
obje
ctiv
e of
my
wor
k is
to re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
op a
met
hod
to st
udy
unid
irect
iona
l bal
listic
-res
istan
t fab
ric
lam
inat
es. W
hile
ther
e ar
e m
any
diffe
rent
type
s of b
ody
arm
or, m
y w
ork
focu
ses o
n un
idire
ctio
nal (
UD)
lam
inat
es
mad
e w
ith a
ram
id a
nd u
ltra-
high
mol
ecul
ar w
eigh
t pol
yeth
ylen
e (U
HMW
PE).
The
UD
lam
inat
es c
onsis
t of f
our
nonw
oven
laye
rs o
f fib
ers t
hat a
re o
rient
ed in
a 0
°/90
°/0°
/90°
pat
tern
, bou
nd w
ith a
resin
, and
are
cov
ered
by
a lo
w d
ensit
y th
in fi
lm o
f pol
yeth
ylen
e on
bot
h sid
es. T
he c
halle
nge
was
to se
para
te th
e bo
dy a
rmor
into
thei
r in
divi
dual
con
stitu
ents
, whi
ch in
clud
e th
e fib
ers,
film
s and
resin
. Onc
e th
ey a
re se
para
ted,
it is
pos
sible
to
char
acte
rize
thei
r che
mic
al a
nd p
hysic
al p
rope
rtie
s usin
g te
chni
ques
such
as F
TIR,
DSC
, TGA
and
tens
ile te
stin
g.
Body
arm
or is
subj
ecte
d to
mec
hani
cal d
egra
datio
n su
ch a
s fol
ds o
r abr
asio
n du
ring
use
that
can
pot
entia
lly a
lter
the
perf
orm
ance
of t
he a
rmor
. To
simul
ate
thes
e sit
uatio
ns, a
shee
t of a
rmor
was
fold
ed a
nd p
lace
d un
der
pres
sure
, and
then
a te
ar te
st w
as p
erfo
rmed
to in
vest
igat
e ch
ange
s in
perf
orm
ance
. The
se re
sults
will
be
furt
her
disc
usse
d in
my
pres
enta
tion.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 89
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
rook
e Ta
ylor
Mor
gan
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
104
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: M
iddl
e Te
nnes
see
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: For
ensic
Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to a
tten
d gr
adua
te sc
hool
in F
all 2
015
in p
ursu
it of
a M
aste
r of S
cien
ce in
For
ensic
Sc
ienc
e.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Bio
mol
ecul
ar M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Appl
ied
Gene
tics G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Mic
hael
Cob
le a
nd D
r. Pe
ter V
allo
ne
Title
of T
alk:
M
IX 1
3: A
NIS
T In
terla
bora
tory
Stu
dy o
n th
e Pr
esen
t Sta
te o
f DN
A M
ixtu
re In
terp
reta
tion
Abst
ract
: DN
A ev
iden
ce in
terp
reta
tion
for s
ingl
e-so
urce
pro
files
-whe
re si
ngle
evi
dent
iary
pro
file
mat
ches
the
prof
ile fr
om
the
susp
ecte
d pe
rpet
rato
r-ar
e re
lativ
ely
easy
to d
eter
min
e an
d re
port
to a
jury
. Fo
r man
y ca
ses t
he
inte
rpre
tatio
n is
not a
s str
aigh
t-fo
rwar
d. I
n fa
ct, o
ne o
f the
big
gest
obs
tacl
es fa
ced
in to
day’
s for
ensic
la
bora
torie
s is i
nter
pret
ing
DNA
mix
ture
s, w
here
two
or m
ore
indi
vidu
als a
re in
the
evid
entia
ry p
rofil
e.
Hist
oric
ally
ther
e ha
s bee
n lit
tle g
uida
nce
to a
ssist
the
anal
yst i
n de
term
inin
g th
e co
mpo
nent
s of t
he m
ixtu
re.
Pete
r Gill
, a le
ader
in th
e fie
ld o
f DN
A ty
ping
onc
e sa
id, “
If yo
u sh
ow 1
0 co
lleag
ues a
mix
ture
, you
will
pro
babl
y en
d up
with
10
diffe
rent
ans
wer
s”
In 2
010,
the
Scie
ntifi
c W
orki
ng G
roup
on
DNA
Anal
ysis
Met
hods
(SW
GDAM
) pub
lishe
d gu
idel
ines
to a
ssist
labs
in
mix
ture
inte
rpre
tatio
n. S
ince
then
, man
y la
bora
torie
s hav
e im
prov
ed th
eir S
tand
ard
Ope
ratin
g Pr
oced
ures
(SO
Ps)
base
d up
on th
e 20
10 S
WGD
AM g
uide
lines
. An
inte
rlabo
rato
ry st
udy
is a
usef
ul to
ol th
at a
llow
s lab
orat
orie
s to
com
pare
thei
r ana
lyse
s to
othe
r lab
orat
orie
s an
d de
term
ine
if ad
ditio
nal t
rain
ing
is ne
cess
ary.
Pre
viou
s NIS
T in
terla
bora
tory
stud
ies o
n m
ixtu
re in
terp
reta
tion
resu
lted
in a
wid
e ra
nge
of v
aria
tion
with
in a
nd b
etw
een
labo
rato
ries.
In
2013
, NIS
T co
nduc
ted
an in
terla
bora
tory
st
udy
(MIX
13) t
o ex
amin
e th
e pr
esen
t sta
te o
f DN
A m
ixtu
re in
terp
reta
tion
in th
e U
.S. a
fter
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
th
e 20
10 S
WGD
AM g
uide
lines
. He
re w
e pr
esen
t res
ults
from
one
of f
ive
MIX
13 c
ases
. A su
bsta
ntia
l am
ount
of v
aria
tion
was
foun
d w
ithin
and
be
twee
n la
bs w
hen
inte
rpre
ting
a tw
o-pe
rson
mix
ture
of e
qual
pro
port
ion.
The
se fi
ndin
gs c
an h
elp
the
labo
rato
ry to
iden
tify
pote
ntia
l lim
itatio
ns in
thei
r SO
Ps, p
rovi
de re
sour
ces f
or fu
ture
trai
ning
, and
con
duct
re
sear
ch to
impr
ove
mix
ture
inte
rpre
tatio
n an
d re
port
ing
in th
e U
nite
d St
ates
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: E
ric B
. Nel
son
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
122
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: B
oise
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l fol
low
ed b
y Pr
ivat
e Se
ctor
Res
earc
h Ad
visin
g an
d Ex
perim
enta
l Pro
cess
En
gine
erin
g N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls M
easu
rem
ent S
cien
ce D
ivisi
on,
Mat
eria
ls St
ruct
ure
and
Data
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. E
ric C
ocka
yne
Title
of T
alk:
M
odel
ing
Mat
eria
ls fo
r a B
ette
r Tom
orro
w: C
ompu
tatio
nal S
tudi
es o
f Car
bon
Capt
ure
Mat
eria
ls M
IL-5
3 an
d BP
ene
Abst
ract
: Th
e ris
ing
leve
l of a
tmos
pher
ic c
arbo
n di
oxid
e is
one
of th
e la
rges
t con
cern
s in
our s
ocie
ty to
day,
for r
easo
ns b
oth
econ
omic
and
hea
lth-c
ente
red.
CO
2 em
issio
ns a
re p
rodu
ced
pred
omin
atel
y fr
om th
e co
mbu
stio
n of
coa
l, oi
l and
na
tura
l gas
es (c
a. 8
0% o
f CO
2 em
issio
ns w
orld
wid
e), a
nd a
re p
roje
cted
to ra
pidl
y in
crea
se d
ue to
glo
bal e
cono
mic
de
velo
pmen
t [S.
Ene
rgy
Polic
y 20
07, 3
5, 5
938]
. In
June
200
9, th
e U
.S. H
ouse
of R
epre
sent
ativ
es p
asse
d th
e Am
eric
an C
lean
Ene
rgy
and
Secu
rity
Act,
whi
ch p
ropo
ses e
cono
my-
wid
e CO
2 red
uctio
n go
als o
f 83%
bel
ow 2
005'
s pr
oduc
tion
leve
ls by
205
0. C
aptu
ring
CO2
at th
e so
urce
pre
vent
s dam
agin
g m
olec
ules
from
bei
ng re
leas
ed in
to th
e en
viro
nmen
t. M
etal
-org
anic
fram
ewor
k (M
OF)
mat
eria
ls ar
e a
likel
y ca
ndid
ate
for c
aptu
ring
CO2 m
ore
effic
ient
ly
than
cur
rent
tech
nolo
gies
. Com
puta
tiona
l wor
k th
at c
an a
ccur
atel
y pr
edic
t str
uctu
re-p
rope
rty
rela
tions
hips
in
MO
F m
ater
ials
wou
ld su
bsta
ntia
lly re
duce
the
deve
lopm
ent t
ime
for m
ater
ials
with
des
ired
prop
ertie
s. T
he fo
cus
of th
is st
udy
is to
refin
e pr
evio
us st
udie
s on
MIL
-53
and
BPen
e, fl
exib
le n
anop
orou
s mat
eria
ls w
hich
flex
whe
n CO
2 or o
ther
gas
eous
mol
ecul
es a
re a
dsor
bed
and
deso
rbed
. MIL
-53
is a
wel
l-stu
died
flex
ible
MO
F fo
r ads
orpt
ion
and
deso
rptio
n pr
oper
ties;
how
ever
, les
s is k
now
n ab
out i
ts b
ehav
ior d
urin
g ch
ange
s bet
wee
n hi
gh a
nd lo
w
tem
pera
ture
pha
ses.
Mod
elin
g M
IL-5
3 an
d BP
ene
prov
ides
info
rmat
ion
into
the
ener
getic
s of t
he p
hase
tr
ansf
orm
atio
n w
hich
est
ablis
hes m
ater
ials
perf
orm
ance
. The
stud
y us
es d
ensit
y fu
nctio
nal t
heor
y (D
FT)
calc
ulat
ions
to st
udy
MIL
-53
and
BPen
e. T
he e
xper
imen
tal s
truc
ture
and
ban
dgap
of t
he re
late
d m
ater
ial C
rom
ium
(II
I) O
xide
wer
e us
ed a
s a te
st b
ed fo
r opt
imizi
ng D
FT p
aram
eter
s and
then
app
lied
to M
IL-5
3. P
relim
inar
y re
sults
ar
e en
cour
agin
g, a
nd su
gges
t tha
t the
cry
stal
stru
ctur
e an
d re
lativ
e en
ergi
es a
re in
goo
d ag
reem
ent w
ith
expe
rimen
tal v
alue
s. F
inal
resu
lts fr
om th
ese
findi
ngs a
re to
be
com
pare
d w
ith e
xper
imen
tal v
alue
s and
use
d as
a
benc
hmar
k fo
r fur
ther
theo
retic
al st
udie
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 90
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
onni
e N
ewm
an
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
127
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: G
enev
a Co
llege
M
ajor
: Ap
plie
d M
athe
mat
ics/
Chem
istry
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): At
tend
gra
duat
e Sc
hool
inte
grat
ing
Mat
hem
atic
s and
Che
mist
ry th
roug
h m
ater
ials.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Katie
Wei
gand
t
Title
of T
alk:
Ex
tens
iona
l Flo
w-S
ANS
of W
orm
like
Mic
elle
s
Abst
ract
: Ex
tens
iona
l flo
ws a
re o
bser
ved
in m
any
indu
stria
l app
licat
ions
incl
udin
g po
lym
er e
xtru
sion
as w
ell a
s ph
arm
aceu
tical
con
sum
er p
rodu
ct p
roce
ssin
g an
d de
liver
y, w
here
safe
ty, q
ualit
y as
sura
nce,
and
mar
keta
bilit
y ar
e cr
ucia
l. U
nfor
tuna
tely
, pur
e ex
tens
iona
l flo
w is
diff
icul
t to
obta
in a
nd th
e as
soci
ated
pro
pert
ies c
an b
e ch
alle
ngin
g to
mea
sure
. Mic
elle
s are
stru
ctur
es w
hich
form
in su
rfac
tant
solu
tions
at c
once
ntra
tions
abo
ve th
e cr
itica
l mic
elle
co
ncen
trat
ion
(CM
C). W
orm
like
mic
elle
s are
a sp
ecifi
c ty
pe o
f hig
h as
pect
ratio
mic
elle
with
a m
icel
le le
ngth
that
ex
ceed
s the
per
siste
nce
leng
th. T
hese
solu
tions
are
goo
d ca
ndid
ates
for m
easu
rem
ent w
ith e
xten
siona
l flo
w-
SAN
S be
caus
e th
e st
ruct
ure
and
rheo
logy
of t
hese
syst
ems h
ave
been
stud
ied
exte
nsiv
ely
in sh
ear f
low
s, w
hile
lim
ited
exte
nsio
nal f
low
dat
a ex
ists.
Add
ition
ally
, pre
viou
s stu
dies
hav
e us
ed m
icro
-par
ticle
imag
e ve
loci
met
ry
(μPI
V) a
nd o
ptic
al b
irefr
inge
nce
mea
sure
men
ts to
cha
ract
erize
wor
mlik
e m
icel
les i
n m
icro
fluid
ic c
ross
-slo
ts. S
mal
l an
gle
neut
ron
scat
terin
g (S
ANS)
, how
ever
, is a
gre
at te
chni
que
to c
hara
cter
ize w
orm
like
mic
elle
s und
er fl
ow,
beca
use
the
char
acte
ristic
dim
ensio
ns o
f the
mic
elle
s are
on
the
orde
r of n
anom
eter
s to
hund
reds
of n
anom
eter
s.
In th
is w
ork,
we
have
beg
un to
cha
ract
erize
the
stru
ctur
e an
d rh
eolo
gy o
f cet
ylpy
ridin
ium
chl
orid
e an
d so
dium
sa
licyl
ate
wor
mlik
e m
icel
le so
lutio
ns, u
sing
a sp
ecia
lly d
esig
ned
cros
s-slo
t flo
w c
ell.
This
stud
y ex
plor
es th
e ef
fect
s of
cha
nnel
dep
th a
nd fl
ow ra
te o
n th
e st
ruct
ural
tran
sitio
ns o
f the
wor
mlik
e m
icel
les.
Fur
ther
, we
mea
sure
the
flow
-indu
ced
alig
nmen
t of t
he w
orm
like
mic
elle
s and
thei
r sub
sequ
ent r
elax
atio
n du
ring
star
t-st
op fl
ow
expe
rimen
ts. T
he re
sults
of t
his s
tudy
will
be
used
to h
elp
optim
ize th
e ne
w c
ross
-slo
t flo
w c
ell b
efor
e it
is us
ed
for e
xper
imen
ts w
ith m
ore
com
plex
flui
ds.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: D
enni
s Ngo
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mon
tgom
ery
Colle
ge
Maj
or:
Elec
tric
al E
ngin
eer
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to a
tten
d Gr
ad sc
hool
at t
he U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark.
I am
pur
suin
g a
care
er in
eith
er c
ontr
ol sy
stem
s or s
igna
l pro
cess
ing.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry, F
ire D
ivisi
on, E
ngin
eere
d Fi
re S
afet
y Gr
oup,
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Isra
el L
opez
-Cot
o, K
ulde
ep P
rasa
d
Title
of T
alk:
Id
entif
ying
the
Sour
ces o
f Err
or in
Atm
osph
eric
Tra
nspo
rt G
ases
Abst
ract
: Th
ere
are
man
y at
mos
pher
ic tr
ansp
ort m
odel
s tha
t stu
dy a
nd a
naly
ze th
e be
havi
ors o
f gre
enho
use
gase
s;
how
ever
, mos
t mod
els r
un in
to th
e po
tent
ial o
f pro
duci
ng e
rror
s and
unc
erta
intie
s. T
he u
ncer
tain
ties w
ill
misg
uide
mod
eler
s fro
m p
redi
ctin
g th
e ou
tcom
e of
met
eoro
logi
cal c
ondi
tions
and
con
cent
ratio
n of
gre
enho
use
gase
s in
the
atm
osph
ere.
The
pur
pose
of t
his r
esea
rch
was
to e
valu
ate
the
perf
orm
ance
s of t
he a
tmos
pher
ic
tran
spor
t mod
el W
eath
er R
esea
rch
and
Fore
cast
ing
(WRF
). Th
is w
ill p
rovi
de in
form
atio
n fo
r mod
eler
s to
impr
ove
mod
els b
y pr
oper
ly re
pres
entin
g th
e er
rors
and
unc
erta
intie
s fro
m th
e at
mos
pher
ic tr
ansp
ort m
odel
s.
By d
irect
com
paris
on o
f sim
ulat
ed d
ata
agai
nst f
ield
dat
a co
llect
ed d
urin
g th
e co
ntro
lled
rele
ase
expe
rimen
t ETE
X (E
urop
ean
Trac
er E
xper
imen
t), w
e w
ere
able
to q
uant
ify th
e un
cert
aint
ies o
f diff
eren
t WRF
con
figur
atio
ns o
n th
e sim
ulat
ed c
once
ntra
tions
, tem
pera
ture
s, an
d w
ind
field
s. T
he e
valu
atio
n of
all
case
stud
ies r
evea
led
that
the
vert
ical
and
hor
izont
al re
solu
tion
affe
ct th
e re
sults
sign
ifica
ntly
. How
ever
, the
sele
ctio
n of
the
Plan
etar
y Bo
unda
ry
Laye
r (PB
L) p
aram
eter
izatio
n ha
d by
far t
he m
ost s
igni
fican
t im
pact
on
the
simul
atio
n er
rors
sinc
e it
is co
ntro
lling
th
e ve
rtic
al m
ixin
g. O
vera
ll, th
e sim
ulat
ions
wel
l-cap
ture
d th
e pl
ume
disp
ersio
n in
spac
e an
d in
tim
e.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 91
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Edw
ard
O’B
rien
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
181
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
UN
Y Bi
ngha
mto
n M
ajor
: El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Gr
adua
te S
choo
l
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): 4+
1 Gr
adua
te P
rogr
am a
t Bin
gham
ton
Uni
vers
ity
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Fund
amen
tal E
lect
rical
Mea
sure
men
t Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dean
Jarr
ett
Title
of T
alk:
Hi
gh R
esist
ance
Cha
ract
eriza
tion
To 1
00 T
Abst
ract
: Th
e pr
imar
y go
al o
f thi
s res
earc
h is
to e
xpan
d up
on h
igh
resis
tanc
e m
easu
rem
ent t
echn
ique
s and
stan
dard
s. A
use
d to
mea
sure
and
cal
ibra
te o
ther
st
anda
rd re
sisto
rs a
nd b
uild
-st
abili
ty w
as d
eter
min
ed b
ased
on
its te
mpe
ratu
re c
oeffi
cien
t, vo
ltage
coe
ffici
ent,
chan
ge in
cor
rect
ion
over
tim
e,
RC ti
me
cons
tant
, and
repe
ated
tran
sfer
s fro
m p
aral
lel t
o se
ries-
para
llel a
nd se
ries c
onfig
urat
ions
. Hig
h re
sista
nce
resis
tor e
lem
ents
wer
e m
easu
red
usin
g a
mod
ified
Whe
atst
one
brid
ge. T
he e
lem
ents
, ran
ging
bet
wee
n -2
0,00
0 -
smal
lest
coe
ffici
ents
will
be
used
to m
ake
mul
tiple
new
Ham
ons w
hich
will
hav
e a
build
-
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
att O
ehle
r G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H15
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Jam
es M
adiso
n U
nive
rsity
, und
ergr
adua
te
Maj
or:
Biop
hysic
al C
hem
istry
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): M
edic
al S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, B
imol
ecul
ar M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Mac
rom
olec
ular
Str
uctu
re a
nd F
unct
ion
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Aman
da A
ltier
i and
Sus
an K
rueg
er
Title
of T
alk:
Rh
odop
sin/G
-pro
tein
Sol
utio
n St
udie
s via
Nan
odisc
Lip
id B
ilaye
r
Abst
ract
: G-
prot
ein
coup
led
rece
ptor
s (G
PCRs
) ar
e th
e la
rges
t an
d m
ost
dive
rse
clas
s of
mem
bran
e re
cept
ors
amon
g eu
kary
otes
. Th
eir
resp
onse
to
an e
xtra
-cel
lula
r ag
onist
is c
oord
inat
ed w
ith t
he a
ctiv
atio
n of
a c
ytop
lasm
ic G
-pr
otei
n w
hich
, on
ce a
ctiv
ated
, ki
ck-s
tart
s an
im
men
se i
ntra
cellu
lar
casc
ade.
Bec
ause
of
thei
r ub
iqui
ty a
nd
rele
vanc
e in
med
iatin
g an
eno
rmity
of
phys
iolo
gica
l fun
ctio
ns,
GCPR
s ar
e th
e ta
rget
of
a la
rge
perc
enta
ge o
f ph
arm
aceu
tical
dru
gs. W
hile
ther
e ar
e GC
PRs
that
resp
ond
to a
div
erse
rang
e of
sign
als,
her
e w
e ai
m to
stu
dy th
e ef
fect
of
light
act
ivat
ion
upon
the
GCP
R, R
hodo
psin
usin
g th
e lig
ht s
tabl
e ho
mol
ogue
of
the
spec
ies
Sepi
a of
ficin
alis.
Env
elop
ing
the
Rhod
opsin
GCP
Rs in
lipi
d-m
embr
ane
nano
disc
s w
ill p
rovi
de a
nat
ive
stat
e bi
laye
r th
at
shou
ld o
ffer
a m
ore
accu
rate
str
uctu
ral
repr
esen
tatio
n of
rho
dops
in i
n th
e ce
ll co
mpa
red
to m
ore
com
mon
de
terg
ent
met
hods
. So
lubi
lizat
ion
of r
hodo
psin
in n
anod
iscs
can
gen
erat
e a
mon
odisp
erse
sys
tem
in s
olut
ion
amen
able
to s
mal
l ang
le n
eutr
on s
catt
erin
g ex
perim
ents
(SAN
S). T
his
will
allo
w u
s to
obs
erve
, at l
ow re
solu
tion,
th
e pa
rtic
ular
con
figur
atio
n of
rhod
opsin
with
in a
nan
odisc
as a
firs
t ste
p to
und
erst
andi
ng it
s int
erac
tion
with
the
guan
osin
e-nu
cleo
tide
bind
ing
prot
ein
unde
r the
sam
e pa
ram
eter
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 92
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: T
om O
este
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Ente
ring
first
yea
r of g
radu
ate
scho
ol a
t the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): M
.S. i
n Sy
stem
s Eng
inee
ring
focu
sed
in a
dvan
ced
man
ufac
turin
g te
chno
logi
es
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Int
ellig
ent S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on,
Man
ipul
atio
n an
d M
obili
ty S
yste
ms G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Nic
hola
s Dag
alak
is
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e Im
pact
of H
uman
-Rob
ot C
olla
bora
tion
Abst
ract
: Th
e m
ovem
ent o
f man
ufac
turin
g to
cou
ntrie
s fea
turin
g la
bor w
ith lo
w h
ourly
wag
es o
ver t
he la
st fi
fteen
yea
rs h
as
mot
ivat
ed th
e de
velo
pmen
t of a
new
gen
erat
ion
of in
dust
rial r
obot
s tha
t can
wor
k sid
e-by
-sid
e w
ith h
uman
w
orke
rs. T
his h
as c
reat
ed th
e ne
w te
chno
logy
of H
uman
-Col
labo
rativ
e Ro
botic
s, w
hich
com
bine
s the
inte
llige
nce
and
dext
erity
of h
uman
s with
the
stre
ngth
, rep
eata
bilit
y an
d en
dura
nce
of in
dust
rial r
obot
s. S
ince
mos
t rob
ots
are
pow
erfu
l mov
ing
mac
hine
s, th
e sa
fety
of w
orke
rs w
orki
ng a
roun
d th
ese
robo
ts h
as b
ecom
e a
top
prio
rity
for
safe
ty st
anda
rds d
evel
opm
ent t
hat w
ill p
rovi
de g
uida
nce
for t
he d
evel
opm
ent o
f a c
ompr
ehen
sive
risk
asse
ssm
ent o
f the
robo
t arm
, its
tool
s, it
s con
trol
ler,
and
the
who
le o
pera
ting
wor
kspa
ce w
here
hum
ans m
ight
be
pres
ent.
We
are
usin
g bi
osim
ulan
t mat
eria
ls fo
r the
con
stru
ctio
n of
disp
osab
le H
uman
-Col
labo
rativ
e Ro
botic
s sa
fety
test
ing
artif
acts
. The
se te
stin
g ar
tifac
ts w
ill m
ake
poss
ible
the
mea
sure
men
t of d
amag
e w
hen
hum
ans a
nd
robo
ts c
ome
into
con
tact
and
the
seve
rity
of in
jurie
s cau
sed
by ro
bot s
tatic
and
impa
ct p
ress
ure.
In o
rder
to te
st
and
calib
rate
thes
e ar
tifac
ts w
e ha
ve c
onst
ruct
ed a
Dyn
amic
Impa
ct T
estin
g an
d Ca
libra
tion
Inst
rum
ent (
DITC
I).
The
subj
ect o
f thi
s pro
ject
is th
e m
easu
rem
ent o
f dam
age
caus
ed b
y sim
ulat
ed im
pact
s. W
e ap
ply
varie
d im
pact
fo
rces
and
pre
ssur
es in
ord
er to
exp
lore
the
rang
e an
d se
verit
y of
thes
e in
jurie
s, us
ing
diffe
rent
impa
ct ti
ps to
sim
ulat
e ro
bots
equ
ippe
d w
ith a
rang
e of
com
mon
tool
s (i.e
. scr
ewdr
iver
s or c
ircui
t pro
bes)
. Our
test
ing
artif
acts
cu
rren
tly c
onsis
t of c
owhi
de le
athe
r and
bal
listic
gel
atin
, to
simul
ate
the
hum
an a
bdom
en, b
ut fu
ture
wor
k w
ill
inve
stig
ate
bone
bio
simul
ant m
ater
ials
as w
ell.
We
have
bee
n de
velo
ping
nov
el m
etho
ds fo
r cha
ract
erizi
ng in
jury
us
ing
high
-spe
ed v
ideo
, whi
ch is
com
plim
ente
d by
forc
e an
d ac
cele
ratio
n da
ta c
olle
cted
by
the
DITC
I sys
tem
. We
also
hop
e to
em
bed
pres
sure
sens
ors w
ithin
the
artif
acts
them
selv
es, s
o th
at lo
caliz
ed in
jury
dat
a ca
n be
ob
tain
ed. T
his t
echn
olog
y co
uld
enab
le m
ore
man
ufac
ture
rs to
impl
emen
t Hum
an-C
olla
bora
tive
Robo
tics b
y of
ferin
g a
simpl
e, st
anda
rdize
d sa
fety
test
ing
syst
em w
hich
requ
ires l
ittle
exp
ertis
e to
ope
rate
. The
DIT
CI sy
stem
ca
n al
so se
rve
as a
test
bed
for f
urth
er sa
fety
rese
arch
, as a
var
iety
of i
mpa
ct e
nviro
nmen
ts c
an b
e sim
ulat
ed.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Sun
g-ho
Just
in O
h G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H08
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Bro
wn
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Mat
hem
atic
s-Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Co
llege
, Gra
duat
e Sc
hool
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
and
Com
puta
tiona
l Mat
hem
atic
s Div
ision
, M
athe
mat
ical
Ana
lysis
and
Mod
elin
g Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. F
ern
Hunt
Title
of T
alk:
M
axim
izing
the
Spre
ad o
f Inf
orm
atio
n in
Com
mun
icat
ion
Net
wor
ks
Abst
ract
: Th
e fir
st re
cipi
ents
of a
mes
sage
cru
cial
ly d
eter
min
e w
heth
er in
form
atio
n go
es v
iral t
hrou
ghou
t a c
omm
unity
or
quic
kly
dies
dow
n. In
form
atio
n is
mor
e lik
ely
to sp
read
in a
net
wor
k if
first
giv
en to
the
mos
t inf
luen
tial m
embe
rs.
We
anal
yze
how
to d
eter
min
e th
e in
fluen
tial m
embe
rs o
f net
wor
ks a
nd n
etw
ork-
like
stru
ctur
es. F
indi
ng su
ch
mem
bers
aid
s in
mak
ing
inte
llige
nt d
ecisi
ons i
n no
tifyi
ng c
omm
uniti
es o
f em
erge
ncie
s, a
dver
tisin
g pr
oduc
ts,
plac
ing
sens
ors i
n w
ater
mai
n ne
twor
ks, a
nd m
ore.
We
mod
el c
omm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks m
athe
mat
ical
ly a
s a g
raph
an
d m
ainl
y sim
ulat
e th
e sp
read
of i
nfor
mat
ion
via
rand
om w
alks
on
the
grap
h. In
tuiti
vely
, a m
ore
influ
entia
l nod
e in
a g
raph
wou
ld h
ave
a sh
orte
r exp
ecte
d ra
ndom
wal
k le
ngth
to o
ther
nod
es o
f the
gra
ph. T
hus o
ur m
ain
goal
is to
fin
d su
bset
s of t
he g
raph
nod
es th
at m
inim
ize th
e tim
e fo
r ran
dom
wal
ks to
firs
t rea
ch th
em. C
alcu
latin
g th
e ex
pect
ed ti
me
for a
rand
om w
alk
to h
it a
cert
ain
node
is e
asy
to c
ompu
te w
ith li
near
alg
ebra
and
Mar
kov
chai
n th
eory
. Hen
ce w
e pr
esen
t the
follo
win
g op
timiza
tion
prob
lem
: giv
en a
gra
ph w
ith n
nod
es, f
ind
a su
bset
of k
nod
es
that
min
imize
s the
obj
ectiv
e fu
nctio
n of
mea
n hi
ttin
g tim
e. W
e sh
ow th
at su
ch a
pro
blem
is N
P-Co
mpl
ete,
how
ever
pr
evio
us re
sults
show
that
gre
edy
algo
rithm
s can
app
roxi
mat
e th
e op
timal
solu
tion
to w
ithin
a c
erta
in g
uara
ntee
d fa
ctor
. We
are
wor
king
on
deve
lopi
ng n
ew a
lgor
ithm
s bas
ed o
n th
e ge
omet
ry o
f the
gra
ph th
at w
ill p
rodu
ce b
ette
r ap
prox
imat
ions
than
the
gree
dy a
ppro
ach.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 93
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
yotu
nde
Olu
segu
n O
luta
de
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
136
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: J
acks
on S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
ad. S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
& C
ompu
tatio
nal
Mat
hem
atic
s Div
ision
, Hig
h Pe
rfor
man
ce C
ompu
ting
& V
isual
izatio
n Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch A
dvis
or:
Judy
Ter
rill
Title
of T
alk:
Ex
plor
atio
n of
NIS
T M
ass S
pect
rosc
opy
Data
with
D3
Abst
ract
: W
e us
e tw
o ty
pes o
f visu
aliza
tion
to v
isual
ize m
ass s
pect
rom
eter
dat
a. T
he fi
rst t
ype
of v
isual
izatio
n is
calle
d In
form
atio
n Vi
sual
izatio
n. T
his c
onsis
ts o
f a v
arie
ty o
f 2-D
imen
siona
l visu
aliza
tions
, whi
ch a
bstr
act t
he d
ata
in so
me
way
. We
disp
lay
thes
e in
web
pag
es u
sing
the
Data
Driv
en D
ocum
ents
(D3)
Java
Scrip
t lib
rary
. We
are
usin
g D3
be
caus
e it
is ex
trem
ely
fast
, sup
port
s dat
aset
s of v
aryi
ng si
zes,
and
faci
litat
es in
tera
ctiv
ity. I
t also
requ
ires n
o br
owse
r pl
ug-in
s and
wor
ks a
cros
s diff
eren
t web
bro
wse
rs a
nd o
pera
ting
syst
ems.
The
seco
nd ty
pe o
f visu
aliza
tion
is im
mer
sive
3D. W
e us
e th
e N
IST
Imm
ersiv
e Vi
sual
izatio
n so
ftw
are
to d
ispla
y th
e m
ass s
pect
rom
eter
dat
a as
pur
e sp
ectr
a. W
e de
velo
ped
visu
aliza
tions
of t
he li
brar
ies o
f pre
-cla
ssifi
ed m
ono-
and
di-s
acch
arid
es a
nd a
gro
up o
f un
know
ns in
ord
er to
cla
ssify
the
unkn
owns
into
one
of t
he g
roup
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
anue
l Ort
iz G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H16
1 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Pol
ytec
hnic
Uni
vers
ity o
f Pue
rto
Rico
M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ph
.D. i
n Co
mpu
ter E
ngin
eerin
g
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Adv
ance
d N
etw
ork
Tech
nolo
gies
, In
tern
et &
Sca
labl
e Sy
stem
s Met
rolo
gy
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Doug
Mon
tgom
ery
Title
of T
alk:
Re
al-T
ime
Anal
ysis
of R
oute
Orig
in V
alid
atio
n of
Bor
der G
atew
ay U
pdat
e St
ream
Abst
ract
: Th
e Bo
rder
Gat
eway
Pro
toco
l (BG
P) is
con
sider
ed to
be
the
glue
that
bin
ds to
geth
er th
e di
ffere
nt n
etw
orks
w
ithin
the
Inte
rnet
. Th
is co
ntro
l pro
toco
l is r
espo
nsib
le fo
r exc
hang
ing
the
rout
ing
info
rmat
ion
betw
een
the
BGP
rout
ers o
f diff
eren
t aut
onom
ous s
yste
ms (
AS’s
). It
help
s in
dete
rmin
ing
how
the
Inte
rnet
traf
fic sh
ould
be
rout
ed. B
ased
on
info
rmat
ion
in B
GP m
essa
ges o
r upd
ates
, BGP
rout
ers c
onst
ruct
rout
ing
tabl
es th
at
enab
le fo
rwar
ding
of t
he d
ata
pack
ets f
rom
thei
r orig
inat
ion
poin
t, th
roug
h a
sequ
ence
of A
S’s,
and
fina
lly to
th
e de
stin
atio
n ad
dres
s.
The
orig
inal
des
ign
of B
GP d
id n
ot c
onta
in a
ny se
curit
y fe
atur
es, a
nd h
ence
BGP
is v
ulne
rabl
e to
add
ress
hi
jack
ing,
eav
esdr
oppi
ng a
nd o
ther
att
acks
. NIS
T ha
s bee
n w
orki
ng w
ith th
e In
tern
et E
ngin
eerin
g Ta
sk F
orce
(IE
TF) t
o se
cure
the
BGP
prot
ocol
usin
g cr
ypto
grap
hic
met
hods
. The
Res
ourc
e Pu
blic
Key
Infr
astr
uctu
re (R
PKI)
enab
les t
he c
reat
ion
of c
rypt
ogra
phic
ally
sign
ed o
bjec
ts c
alle
d Ro
ute
Orig
in A
utho
rizat
ions
(RO
As).
The
ROAs
ca
n be
use
d to
val
idat
e ro
ute
orig
inat
ions
and
pre
vent
pre
fix h
ijack
ing.
The
nex
t ste
p th
at N
IST
and
othe
rs
are
wor
king
on
is th
e BG
PSec
pro
toco
l, w
hich
is a
n en
hanc
emen
t of B
GP th
at w
ould
furt
her a
dd A
S pa
th
valid
atio
n to
BGP
.
I hav
e de
velo
ped
a to
ol u
sing
Wire
shar
k th
at e
nabl
es v
isual
izatio
n of
the
valid
atio
n st
ate
of B
GP u
pdat
es. M
y to
ol sp
ecifi
cally
ext
ract
s the
pre
fix a
nd th
e or
igin
AS
pair
info
rmat
ion
from
upd
ates
, fee
ds th
e sa
me
to R
IPE’
s on
line
upda
te v
alid
ator
and
obt
ains
a v
alid
atio
n re
sult.
Usin
g th
is to
ol, a
net
wor
k op
erat
or o
r res
earc
her c
an
iden
tify
and
visu
alize
in re
al-ti
me
any
anom
alie
s in
BGP
upda
tes s
een
on th
e w
ire. T
hen
the
user
can
sp
ecifi
cally
inve
stig
ate
the
unde
rlyin
g ca
uses
for t
hose
ano
mal
ies.
I w
ill b
e ex
tend
ing
the
tool
to e
xtra
ct a
nd
disp
lay
the
BGP
exte
nded
com
mun
ity in
form
atio
n al
so w
hich
is u
sed
by B
GPSe
c ro
uter
s with
in a
n AS
to
conv
ey v
alid
atio
n re
sults
inte
rnal
ly.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 94
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Jan
e Pa
n G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
4 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, B
altim
ore
Coun
ty
(UM
BC)
Maj
or:
Mat
hem
atic
s/Ap
plie
d St
atist
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l in
Appl
ied
Mat
hem
atic
s
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
App
lied
& C
ompu
tatio
nal M
athe
mat
ics D
ivisi
on,
Mat
hem
atic
al S
oftw
are
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Gu
nay
Doga
n
Title
of T
alk:
Id
entif
ying
Dist
inct
Reg
ions
in M
ulti-
mat
eria
l Mic
rost
ruct
ure
Imag
es w
ith C
lust
erin
g Al
gorit
hms
Abst
ract
: M
any
field
s of s
cien
ce a
nd e
ngin
eerin
g re
ly o
n di
gita
l im
ages
for a
sses
smen
t, an
alys
is an
d so
lutio
ns, e
.g. c
ell
biol
ogy,
met
eoro
logy
, and
dia
gnos
tic ra
diol
ogy.
The
imag
e da
ta th
at e
xper
ts in
thes
e fie
lds n
eed
to d
eal w
ith a
re
usua
lly la
rge
and
com
plex
, and
imag
e pr
oces
sing
algo
rithm
s bec
ome
nece
ssar
y to
faci
litat
e an
alys
is an
d en
able
di
scov
ery.
Imag
e se
gmen
tatio
n is
a fu
ndam
enta
l too
l with
in im
age
proc
essin
g, in
whi
ch o
ur o
bjec
tive
is to
par
titio
n a
give
n im
age
into
dist
inct
regi
ons r
epre
sent
ing
diffe
rent
obj
ects
or e
ntiti
es, e
.g. c
ells
and
mat
eria
ls. T
here
are
m
any
met
hods
to p
erfo
rmin
g im
age
segm
enta
tion,
and
one
logi
cal a
ppro
ach
is th
roug
h cl
uste
ring.
With
clu
ster
ing,
w
e ca
n tr
eat t
he g
iven
noi
sy im
age
as a
larg
e da
ta se
t of s
cala
r poi
nts,
and
our
end
goa
l wou
ld b
e to
syst
emat
ical
ly
cate
goriz
e th
ese
poin
ts in
to g
roup
s—or
clu
ster
s. A
ple
thor
a of
clu
ster
ing
algo
rithm
s hav
e be
en u
sed
in th
e at
tem
pts o
f obt
aini
ng id
eal c
lust
ers f
rom
noi
sy d
ata
sets
, but
a p
rom
inen
t iss
ue m
any
expe
rts h
ave
stru
ggle
d w
ith is
ac
hiev
ing
cons
isten
cy in
the
clus
ters
that
are
form
ed a
nd th
e nu
mbe
r of c
lust
ers t
hat a
re e
stim
ated
. Thi
s brin
gs u
s to
the
ques
tion
of w
hat d
efin
es a
“go
od”
clus
ter a
nd w
heth
er th
ere
is a
clus
terin
g m
etho
d th
at e
nsur
es
cons
isten
cy. B
y an
alyz
ing
a m
ultit
ude
of m
ater
ial i
mag
es u
sing
simpl
e cl
uste
ring
tech
niqu
es, w
e w
ere
able
to a
sses
s cl
uste
ring
met
hods
usin
g va
rious
clu
ster
ing
eval
uatio
n te
chni
ques
and
com
e up
with
effe
ctiv
e al
gorit
hms t
o cl
uste
r m
ultip
hase
mat
eria
l mic
rost
ruct
ure
imag
es.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
eaga
n Pa
pac
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
122
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: B
oise
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Af
ter I
com
plet
e m
y un
derg
radu
ate
degr
ee, I
inte
nd to
pur
sue
a Ph
.D. i
n M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls M
easu
rem
ent S
cien
ce D
ivisi
on,
Mat
eria
ls St
ruct
ure
and
Data
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. A
ndre
w A
llen
Title
of T
alk:
M
ulti-
Scal
e Ch
arac
teriz
atio
n of
Sel
ectiv
e So
rben
t Mat
eria
ls th
roug
h X-
ray
Scat
terin
g Te
chni
ques
Ab
stra
ct:
Rece
nt d
evel
opm
ents
in m
ater
ials
mea
sure
men
t tec
hniq
ues c
ombi
ne u
ltra-
smal
l ang
le X
-ray
scat
terin
g (U
SAXS
), sm
all-a
ngle
X-r
ay sc
atte
ring
(SAX
S), a
nd w
ide-
angl
e X-
ray
scat
terin
g (W
AXS)
, to
prov
ide
mul
ti-sc
ale
char
acte
rizat
ion
of c
ompl
ex m
ater
ial s
truc
ture
s. S
catt
erin
g is
char
acte
ristic
of m
icro
stru
ctur
al h
eter
ogen
eitie
s,
whi
le d
iffra
ctio
n pe
aks f
ound
in S
AXS
and
WAX
S da
ta p
rovi
de st
ruct
ural
info
rmat
ion.
In a
dditi
on, a
stat
e-of
-the-
art s
ampl
e ch
ambe
r allo
ws s
catt
erin
g an
d di
ffrac
tion
expe
rimen
tatio
n ac
ross
a w
ide
rang
e of
tem
pera
ture
s and
pr
essu
res.
Thu
s, en
viro
nmen
tal e
ffect
s on
stru
ctur
e an
d m
icro
stru
ctur
e ca
n be
obs
erve
d in
situ
, pro
vidi
ng g
reat
er
insig
ht in
to m
ater
ial b
ehav
ior i
n re
spon
se to
cha
ngin
g en
viro
nmen
tal c
ondi
tions
.
Whi
le th
is ap
proa
ch sh
ows g
reat
pro
mise
for p
robi
ng c
ompl
ex m
ater
ials
with
mic
rost
ruct
ural
het
erog
enei
ties a
nd
larg
e at
omic
stru
ctur
es, i
t mus
t be
prov
en th
roug
h co
mpa
rativ
e m
etro
logy
. To
eval
uate
the
appl
icat
ion
of
SAXS
/WAX
S da
ta fo
r pha
se id
entif
icat
ion
and
latt
ice
para
met
er d
eter
min
atio
ns, s
elec
tive
sorp
tion
mat
eria
ls (s
odiu
m a
lum
inum
silic
ate
and
bis(
2-m
ethy
limid
azol
yl)-z
inc,
com
mon
ly N
aY ze
olite
and
ZIF
-8) w
ere
empl
oyed
to
gene
rate
bot
h SA
XS/W
AXS
and
conv
entio
nal X
-ray
diff
ract
ion
patt
erns
for c
ompa
rison
. Whi
le d
iffer
ence
s exi
st
betw
een
thes
e pa
tter
ns, t
heir
over
all s
imila
rity
sugg
ests
that
, with
app
ropr
iate
dat
a ac
quisi
tion
and
anal
ysis,
co
mbi
ned
SAXS
/WAX
S di
ffrac
tion
coul
d be
effe
ctiv
ely
used
for m
ater
ial c
hara
cter
izatio
n.
To e
xplo
re fu
rthe
r use
fuln
ess o
f thi
s met
hod,
SAX
S/W
AXS
data
of o
ther
sele
ctiv
e ga
s sor
ptio
n m
ater
ials
(Ni(1
,2-
bis(
4-py
ridyl
)eth
ylen
e)[N
i(CN
4)] a
nd c
aten
a-bi
s(di
benz
oylm
etha
nato
)-(4,
4’-b
ipyr
idyl
)nic
kel(I
I), c
omm
only
N
i(bpe
ne)[N
i(CN
4)] a
nd N
iDBM
-Bpy
) was
ana
lyze
d ac
ross
a C
O2 p
artia
l pre
ssur
e ra
nge
of 1
bar
to 1
7 ba
r. Ch
ange
s in
pea
k po
sitio
ns a
nd in
tens
ities
as a
func
tion
of C
O2 p
artia
l pre
ssur
e w
ere
obse
rved
. A si
mila
r dat
a se
t, in
volv
ing
the
sam
e m
ater
ials
and
CO2 p
artia
l pre
ssur
es a
nd in
clud
ing
N2 g
as a
t equ
al p
artia
l pre
ssur
es, w
as u
sed
to e
xplo
re
the
effe
cts o
f the
seco
nd g
as o
n th
e m
ater
ials’
ads
orpt
ion
beha
vior
. Th
e re
sults
indi
cate
that
furt
her
deve
lopm
ent o
f ins
trum
enta
tion,
such
as a
n ex
tend
ed q
-ran
ge a
nd m
ore
accu
rate
inte
nsity
dat
a, w
ould
faci
litat
e th
e us
e of
SAX
S/W
AXS
diffr
actio
n pe
aks f
or st
ruct
ural
cha
ract
eriza
tion
as w
ell.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 95
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: K
arla
Par
raga
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H11
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
The
City
Col
lege
of N
ew Y
ork
Maj
or:
Elec
tric
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Upp
er S
enio
r
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): M
aste
r in
Busin
ess o
r Com
pute
r Sci
ence
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
emic
ondu
ctor
and
Dim
ensio
nal M
etro
logy
Div
ision
, Ad
vanc
ed D
evic
e Re
liabi
lity
and
Char
acte
rizat
ion
Grou
p. 6
83.0
6N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Ya
w S
. Obe
ng, J
oe K
opan
ski
Title
of T
alk:
El
ectr
onic
Tes
t Equ
ipm
ent I
nter
face
with
Lab
VIEW
for C
harg
e Ba
sed
Capa
cita
nce
Mea
sure
men
tAb
stra
ct:
As d
evic
es g
et s
mal
ler,
espe
cial
ly t
he o
nes
that
are
use
d as
sci
entif
ic t
ools,
the
ir ch
arac
teriz
atio
n be
com
e m
ore
com
plic
ated
, esp
ecia
lly fo
r mea
sure
men
t of c
apac
itanc
e. It
is o
ur g
oal t
o de
velo
p a
relia
ble
met
hod
for m
easu
ring
capa
cita
nce
at th
e at
toFa
rad
leve
l (10
-18 ) i
n na
noel
ectr
onic
dev
ices
. In
orde
r to
mak
e th
e m
easu
rem
ent e
xper
ienc
e ra
ther
fast
and
use
r frie
ndly
, we
have
opt
ed to
inte
rfac
e th
e in
stru
men
ts w
e w
ill b
e us
ing
with
a p
ower
ful a
nd w
ell
know
n so
ftw
are
deve
lope
d by
Nat
iona
l Ins
trum
ents
, Lab
VIEW
. Lab
VIEW
allo
ws
us to
hav
e ev
eryt
hing
we
need
in
only
one
pan
el. F
rom
this
pane
l, w
e w
ant t
o be
abl
e to
con
trol
the
num
ber o
f cha
nnel
s w
e w
ill b
e us
ing,
cho
ose
the
freq
uenc
y w
e ne
ed a
nd d
ispla
y gr
aphs
and
dat
a th
at w
ill h
elp
us u
nder
stan
d ho
w c
lose
we
are
from
ach
ievi
ng
our g
oals.
To
take
the
mea
sure
men
ts n
eede
d in
this
expe
rimen
t, w
e ne
ed to
con
nect
an
arbi
trar
y w
avef
orm
gen
erat
or w
ith
two
pow
er s
uppl
ies,
an
osci
llosc
ope
and
a so
urce
met
er. S
ettin
g up
all
thes
e in
stru
men
ts m
anua
lly ta
kes t
ime
and
it is
rath
er te
diou
s, e
spec
ially
whe
n m
ultip
le m
easu
rem
ents
are
nee
ded.
Thu
s, in
terf
acin
g th
ese
inst
rum
ents
with
La
bVIE
W is
impo
rtan
t be
caus
e it
allo
ws
the
user
to
take
mor
e m
easu
rem
ents
eve
n fa
ster
whi
le h
avin
g al
l the
co
mm
ands
nee
ded
from
diff
eren
t ins
trum
ents
on
the
sam
e co
ntro
l pan
el.
Even
thou
gh L
abVI
EW is
abl
e to
exe
cute
diff
eren
t par
ts o
f cod
e at
the
sam
e tim
e or
in p
aral
lel,
the
inst
rum
ents
we
are
usin
g ex
ecut
e in
stru
ctio
ns i
n se
ries
and
in a
spe
cific
ord
er;
this
impo
ses
both
a p
robl
em a
nd a
was
te o
f re
sour
ces.
For
exa
mpl
e, if
two
chan
nels
are
to b
e ph
ase
lock
ed to
geth
er, o
ne a
s a
mas
ter a
nd th
e ot
her o
ne a
s a
slave
, the
ord
er o
f exe
cutio
n th
at th
e in
stru
men
t exp
ects
is to
ass
ign
the
chan
nel f
irst,
and
then
to tu
rn th
e ph
ase
lock
ing
mod
e on
. Oth
erw
ise d
one,
the
inst
rum
ent w
ill c
all a
n er
ror.
Furt
herm
ore,
the
assig
nmen
t of t
he c
hann
els
both
mas
ter a
nd s
lave
cou
ld b
e do
ne a
t the
sam
e tim
e or
exe
cute
in p
aral
lel;
how
ever
, thi
s w
ould
cau
se a
n er
ror
since
the
inst
rum
ent o
nly
acce
pts
inst
ruct
ions
in s
erie
s. T
hus,
eve
n th
ough
Lab
VIEW
offe
rs th
e co
nven
ient
feat
ure
of p
aral
lel c
ode
exec
utio
n, th
e in
stru
men
t has
its
own
seria
l exe
cutio
n co
de li
mita
tions
that
nee
d to
be
take
n in
to
acco
unt.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Cat
hryn
Plo
ehn
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
184
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: T
he U
nive
rsity
of T
exas
at D
alla
s M
ajor
: Em
ergi
ng M
edia
and
Co
mm
unic
atio
n, m
inor
in S
oftw
are
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Gr
adua
ted
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pu
rsui
ng c
aree
r in
data
visu
aliza
tion
and
user
exp
erie
nce
desig
n
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Info
rmat
ion
Acce
ss D
ivisi
on, V
isual
izatio
n an
d U
sabi
lity
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: M
ary
Theo
fano
s, Kr
isten
Gre
ene
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e Au
then
ticat
ion
Equa
tion:
Visu
alizi
ng th
e Co
nver
genc
e of
Sec
urity
and
Usa
bilit
y of
Sy
stem
-Gen
erat
ed P
assw
ords
Ab
stra
ct:
Pass
wor
d m
anag
emen
t is t
he u
biqu
itous
stru
ggle
of t
he m
oder
n hu
man
. How
ever
, des
pite
usa
bilit
y fa
ctor
s pl
ayin
g a
vita
l rol
e in
aut
hent
icat
ion,
pas
swor
d po
licie
s and
requ
irem
ents
focu
s sol
ely
on th
e se
curit
y w
ithou
t re
gard
to h
uman
com
pone
nts.
In fa
ct, p
assw
ord
polic
ies a
nd u
sabi
lity
need
s are
oft
en in
con
tent
ion.
U
ntil
an im
prov
ed a
uthe
ntic
atio
n m
etho
d be
yond
cha
ract
er in
put i
s dev
elop
ed a
nd im
plem
ente
d on
a la
rge
scal
e,
deve
lopi
ng m
etho
dolo
gies
for c
ompr
ehen
ding
and
bal
anci
ng th
ese
com
petin
g re
quire
men
ts is
vita
l. Th
ese
met
hodo
logi
es a
re c
ritic
al in
info
rmin
g ne
w re
quire
men
ts, i
ncre
asin
g ov
eral
l cyb
erse
curit
y of
the
larg
e en
terp
rises
th
at im
plem
ent t
hem
. The
dev
elop
men
t of t
hese
met
hodo
logi
es w
ill im
prov
e th
e ab
ility
of N
IST
to in
form
how
to
impr
ove
the
gove
rnm
ent’s
ove
rall
cybe
rsec
urity
pos
ture
. In
part
icul
ar, a
visu
aliza
tion
tool
will
aid
in p
ragm
atic
ally
ex
plor
ing
of th
e co
nver
genc
e of
secu
rity
and
usab
ility
in p
assw
ord
com
pone
nts.
This
rese
arch
pro
ject
cul
min
ated
in b
uild
ing
such
a d
ata
visu
aliza
tion
tool
to e
xplo
re d
iffer
ent p
assw
ord
usab
ility
an
d se
curit
y m
etric
s. T
he v
isual
izatio
n to
ol in
tegr
ates
var
ious
met
rics (
such
as e
ntro
py o
r pre
dict
ed d
iffic
ulty
), en
ablin
g th
e ex
plor
atio
n of
the
inte
rsec
tion
of u
sabi
lity
and
secu
rity
in p
assw
ord
gene
ratio
n. T
he to
ol in
tegr
ates
fin
ding
s fro
m p
revi
ous N
IST
pass
wor
d us
abili
ty st
udie
s and
leve
rage
s web
tech
nolo
gies
in o
rder
to fl
exib
ly d
ispla
y da
tase
ts a
utom
atic
ally
gen
erat
ed fr
om se
ts o
f pas
swor
ds.
High
-leve
l and
low
-leve
l tre
nds i
n pa
ssw
ord
data
sets
of v
aryi
ng si
zes c
an b
e ex
plor
ed d
ynam
ical
ly. T
he to
ol
prov
ides
thre
e le
vels
of g
ranu
larit
y to
vie
w p
assw
ord
met
rics.
The
dat
a ca
n be
filte
red
and
sort
ed b
y va
rious
pa
ssw
ord
char
acte
ristic
s inc
ludi
ng: l
engt
h, n
umbe
r of k
eyst
roke
s req
uire
d ba
sed
on d
evic
e (t
radi
tiona
l des
ktop
co
mpu
ter,
iOS,
and
And
roid
mob
ile d
evic
es),
lingu
istic
and
pho
nolo
gica
l diff
icul
ty, e
ntro
py, a
nd o
ther
fact
ors.
The
to
ol is
des
igne
d in
a w
ay to
pro
vide
flex
ible
ana
lysis
of d
ata,
pro
vidi
ng g
roun
dwor
k to
mor
e th
orou
ghly
stud
y th
e in
tera
ctio
n of
secu
rity
and
usab
ility
in th
e ge
nera
tion
and
man
agem
ent o
f pas
swor
ds.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 96
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
enja
min
Pou
nd
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
110
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
tah
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I a
m p
lann
ing
on a
pply
ing
to g
radu
ate
scho
ols i
n th
e fa
ll as
pre
para
tion
for a
car
eer i
n co
nden
sed
mat
ter p
hysic
s. N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Cent
er fo
r Nan
osca
le S
cien
ce a
nd T
echn
olog
y (C
NST
), Di
visio
n 62
0, E
lect
ron
Phys
ics G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Mar
k St
iles,
Gur
u Kh
alsa
Title
of T
alk:
Tw
o-Di
men
siona
l Ele
ctro
n Ga
ses a
t the
Sur
face
of P
otas
sium
Tan
tala
te
Abst
ract
: Tr
ansis
tors
are
the
wor
k ho
rse
of m
oder
n el
ectr
onic
s, a
nd a
s suc
h th
e el
ectr
onic
s ind
ustr
y is
bein
g dr
iven
to m
ake
tran
sisto
rs sm
alle
r, fa
ster
, mor
e du
rabl
e, a
nd m
ore
effic
ient
to m
eet e
ver-
incr
easin
g co
mpu
tatio
nal d
eman
ds. T
he
thre
e m
ain
part
s of a
tran
sisto
r are
the
sour
ce, d
rain
, and
gat
e. W
hen
a vo
ltage
is a
pplie
d to
the
gate
of a
fiel
d ef
fect
tran
sisto
r (FE
T), a
thin
laye
r of s
emic
ondu
ctor
mat
eria
l ben
eath
the
gate
bec
omes
ele
ctric
ally
con
duct
ive
and
allo
ws c
urre
nt to
pas
s bet
wee
n th
e so
urce
and
dra
in. T
he u
sefu
lnes
s of F
ETs i
n el
ectr
onic
s com
es fr
om th
eir
abili
ty to
be
“tur
ned
on”
or “
turn
ed o
f f” b
y ch
angi
ng th
e ga
te v
olta
ge.
Beca
use
of li
mits
inhe
rent
to tr
aditi
onal
tran
sisto
r des
ign
and
mat
eria
ls, h
owev
er, i
nnov
atio
ns in
tran
sisto
r te
chno
logy
will
soon
not
be
suffi
cien
t to
satis
fy so
ciet
y’s c
ompu
tatio
nal n
eeds
. Re
cent
ly it
was
foun
d th
at m
any
mem
bers
of a
ver
satil
e cl
ass o
f mat
eria
ls –
pero
vski
tes –
also
supp
ort t
hin
cond
uctin
g ch
anne
ls, c
alle
d tw
o-di
men
siona
l ele
ctro
n ga
ses (
2DEG
s).
Se
vera
l key
adv
ance
men
ts in
this
field
incl
ude
the
abili
ty to
eng
inee
r hig
h pr
ecisi
on, h
igh
mob
ility
inte
rfac
es o
f pe
rovs
kite
s on
silic
on –
a n
eces
sary
step
for i
nteg
ratio
n w
ith c
urre
nt te
chno
logi
es -
and
the
fabr
icat
ion
of a
sing
le
tran
sisto
r with
a 1
.5 n
anom
eter
feat
ure
size.
Thi
s fea
ture
size
is fa
r sm
alle
r tha
n cu
rren
t ind
ustr
y st
anda
rds,
high
light
ing
the
pote
ntia
l of t
he p
erov
skite
cla
ss o
f mat
eria
ls in
futu
re tr
ansis
tor t
echn
olog
y. In
add
ition
, the
re is
a
hope
that
the
dive
rse
phys
ical
pro
pert
ies o
f per
ovsk
ites -
incl
udin
g m
agne
tism
, pie
zoel
ectr
icity
, and
su
perc
ondu
ctiv
ity –
can
be
acce
ssed
in n
ovel
ele
ctro
nic
devi
ces.
Th
is re
sear
ch fo
cuse
s on
unde
rsta
ndin
g th
e 2D
EG fo
und
at g
ated
surf
aces
of t
he p
erov
skite
pot
assiu
m ta
ntal
ate
(KTa
O3).
We
have
dev
elop
ed a
sim
plifi
ed p
orta
ble
mod
el fo
r the
ele
ctro
nic
stru
ctur
e of
this
2DEG
that
take
s its
in
put f
rom
bul
k ex
perim
enta
l inf
orm
atio
n. T
his m
odel
will
be
desc
ribed
with
par
ticul
ar e
mph
asis
on d
iffer
ence
s be
twee
n th
e 2D
EG in
KTa
O3 a
nd c
onve
ntio
nal t
echn
olog
ies.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e:Sw
aksh
a Ra
chur
iG
rant
N
umbe
r70
NAN
B14H
137
Aca
dem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
dM
ajor
: Bi
oche
mist
ryA
cade
mic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
:So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Car
eer)
:M
edic
al S
choo
l/Gra
duat
e Sc
hool
(Bio
chem
istry
)
NIS
T L
abor
ator
y,
Div
isio
n, a
nd
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mol
ecul
ar M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y,
Mac
rom
olec
ular
Str
uctu
re a
nd F
unct
ion
NIS
T R
esea
rch
Adv
isor
:Pr
asad
Red
dy
Titl
e of
Tal
k:M
olec
ular
Clo
ning
and
Cha
ract
eriza
tion
of A
deny
lyl C
ycla
se C
lass
II S
ecre
ted
from
Ps
eudo
mon
as A
erug
inos
aAb
stra
ct:
Back
grou
nd: A
deny
lyl C
ycla
se (A
C) is
an
enzy
me
with
key
role
s in
cellu
lar r
egul
atio
n. A
ll cl
asse
s of A
C ca
taly
ze th
e co
nver
sion
of A
deno
sine
Tri-P
hosp
hate
(ATP
) to
cycl
ic A
MP
(cAM
P). F
our m
ajor
cla
sses
of A
C ex
ist in
nat
ure.
Cla
ss I
AC’s
are
of e
nter
ic b
acte
rial o
rigin
and
are
regu
late
d by
suga
r tra
nspo
rt p
rote
ins.
The
y oc
cur i
n ba
cter
ia su
ch a
s E.
Coli.
Cla
ss II
AC’
s are
viru
lent
fact
ors s
ecre
ted
by p
atho
geni
c ba
cter
ia su
ch a
s Bac
illus
Ant
hrac
is (B
A) a
nd B
orde
tella
Pe
rtus
sis (B
P). T
his c
lass
of A
C is
activ
ated
with
in th
e ho
st c
ell b
y ho
st-c
alm
odul
in a
nd p
rodu
ces s
upra
phy
siolo
gica
l co
ncen
trat
ion
of c
AMP,
lead
ing
to h
ost c
ell d
eath
. Cla
ss II
I AC’
s are
of e
ukar
yotic
orig
in w
ith so
me
bact
eria
l spe
cie
exce
ptio
ns a
nd a
re p
rom
inen
tly re
gula
ted
by g
uani
ne n
ucle
otid
e bi
ndin
g pr
otei
ns. C
lass
IV A
C’s a
re o
nly
pres
ent i
n ad
ditio
n to
ano
ther
cla
ss o
f AC.
Suc
h is
the
case
of Y
ersin
ia P
estis
, a p
lagu
e-ca
usin
g ba
cter
ium
con
tain
ing
Clas
s IV
AC in
add
ition
to C
lass
I AC
. Cla
ss IV
AC’
s pro
duce
cAM
P co
nsta
ntly
, und
er u
nreg
ulat
ed c
ondi
tions
. Thi
s cla
ss is
the
smal
lest
of a
ll th
e AC
’s w
ith n
o kn
own
regu
latio
n m
etho
d.
Prop
osed
Res
earc
h: T
he h
uman
pat
hoge
n Ps
eudo
mon
as A
erug
inos
a (P
A) is
an
oppo
rtun
istic
, nos
ocom
ial
path
ogen
that
infe
cts t
hose
with
wea
kene
d im
mun
e fu
nctio
n. G
enom
e se
quen
ce a
naly
sis o
f PA
reve
aled
thre
e ge
nes w
ithin
the
geno
me
that
cod
e fo
r the
exp
ress
ion
of A
C Cl
ass I
, II a
nd II
I. In
this
stud
y, w
e ai
m c
lone
the
gene
fo
r Cla
ss II
AC
from
PA
(PAA
CII),
and
then
ove
rpro
duce
and
pur
ify th
e re
sulti
ng p
rote
in. T
hen,
we
can
unde
rsta
nd
how
it is
regu
late
d.
Acco
mpl
ishe
d Re
sear
ch: I
n or
der t
o st
udy
the
regu
latio
n sy
stem
, I fi
rst c
lone
d th
e ge
ne b
eing
stud
ied
via
PCR
ampl
ifica
tion.
Ana
lysis
of t
he g
ene
sequ
ence
for r
estr
ictio
n re
cogn
ition
reve
aled
the
pres
ence
of i
nter
nal N
DE1
and
BAM
H1 si
tes.
Thes
e un
ique
clo
ning
site
s are
pre
sent
in m
ost o
f the
pro
tein
exp
ress
ion
vect
ors s
uch
as p
ET15
B.
Clon
ing
was
a tw
o-st
ep p
roce
ss: f
irst,
I clo
ned
a ND
E1 to
BAM
H1 fr
agm
ent a
nd th
en I
clon
ed th
e BA
MH1
to
BAM
H1 fr
agm
ent.
I des
igne
d pr
imer
s with
app
ropr
iate
rest
rictio
n re
cogn
ition
sequ
ence
s, N
DE1
and
BAM
H1 fo
r PC
R am
plifi
catio
n of
two-
third
s of t
he g
ene.
The
resu
lting
PCR
frag
men
t was
then
clo
ned
into
the
sam
e sit
es
pres
ent i
n pE
T15b
, cre
atin
g a
uniq
ue B
AMH1
site
. The
rem
aini
ng o
ne-t
hird
of t
he g
ene
was
am
plifi
ed w
ith p
rimer
s ha
ving
BAM
H1 si
tes a
t bot
h en
ds. T
his f
ragm
ent w
as th
en c
lone
d in
to th
e un
ique
BAM
H1 si
te p
rese
nt in
the
pET1
5b re
com
bina
nt. H
owev
er, t
his f
ragm
ent h
as th
e po
tent
ial t
o be
com
e lig
ated
in th
e tw
o po
ssib
le o
rient
atio
ns.
To fi
nd th
e fr
agm
ent i
n th
e co
rrec
t orie
ntat
ion,
we
anal
yzed
num
erou
s fin
al re
com
bina
nts f
or a
n in
sert
that
was
ap
prox
imat
ely
900
base
pai
rs in
size
. The
n, a
fina
l rec
ombi
nant
in th
e co
rrec
t orie
ntat
ion
was
sele
cted
for D
NA
sequ
enci
ng a
nd p
rote
in e
xpre
ssio
n. E
. Col
i BL2
1(DE
3) c
ells
wer
e tr
ansf
orm
ed w
ith th
e re
com
bina
nt a
nd P
AACI
I w
as o
verp
rodu
ced
by in
duct
ion
with
IPTG
(ind
ucer
). Th
e ov
erpr
oduc
ed p
rote
in co
ntai
ns a
min
o te
rmin
al H
istid
ine
tags
, cod
ed b
y th
e ve
ctor
sequ
ence
, allo
wed
reco
gniti
on o
f Nic
kel-a
ffini
ty re
sin. T
here
fore
, pur
ifica
tion
was
ac
hiev
ed in
a si
ngle
step
. Cry
stal
lizat
ion
of th
e pr
otei
n w
ill b
e pu
rsue
d ne
xt to
stud
y th
e m
olec
ule
in d
etai
l.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 97
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
hris
Reyn
olds
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Virg
inia
Tec
h M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: B.
S. M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Fu
ture
Pla
ns
(Sch
ool/
Care
er):
VCU
MBA
Pro
gram
Fal
l 201
4
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Sci
ence
Div
ision
, N
anom
echa
nica
l Pro
pert
ies G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: M
ark
Vaud
in
Title
of T
alk:
RM
for S
trai
n M
easu
rem
ents
in S
EM
Abst
ract
: Hi
gh re
solu
tion
elec
tron
bac
k-sc
atte
r diff
ract
ion
(HR-
EBSD
) is a
n ev
olvi
ng te
chni
que
for m
easu
ring
latt
ice
stra
ins
and
rota
tions
in c
ryst
allin
e m
ater
ials
in th
e Sc
anni
ng E
lect
ron
Mic
rosc
ope
(SEM
). T
here
is n
ot c
urre
ntly
a st
rain
m
easu
rem
ent s
tand
ard
that
can
be
used
to v
erify
the
accu
racy
of e
xper
imen
tal s
etup
or a
naly
sis m
etho
d.
As a
re
sult
the
need
for a
refe
renc
e m
ater
ial (
RM) w
ith k
now
n st
rain
was
est
ablis
hed
to im
prov
e th
e ac
cura
cy o
f str
ain
mea
sure
men
ts. O
ne a
pplic
atio
n fo
r thi
s RM
is b
and
gap
engi
neer
ing
in th
e m
icro
elec
tron
ics i
ndus
try.
Si
Ge a
nd S
i ar
e co
mm
on se
mic
ondu
ctin
g m
ater
ials
whi
ch a
re b
eing
inve
stig
ated
for r
efer
ence
mat
eria
l dev
elop
men
t. T
hin
film
s of S
iGe
wer
e de
posit
ed e
pita
xial
ly o
nto
Si w
afer
s by
com
mer
cial
ven
dors
. In
ord
er to
be
suita
ble
for E
BSD
anal
ysis,
stru
ctur
es w
ere
etch
ed in
to th
e Si
Ge fi
lms u
sing
the
NIS
T na
nofa
bric
atio
n fa
cilit
y. A
par
amet
ric st
udy
of
stra
in m
easu
rem
ents
usin
g th
e HR
-EBS
D te
chni
que
was
per
f orm
ed fo
r eva
luat
ion
of st
rain
mea
sure
men
ts o
n th
e Si
Ge st
ruct
ures
. Be
caus
e Si
and
Ge
have
a d
iffer
ence
in c
ryst
al la
ttic
e siz
e, st
rain
is m
easu
red
usin
g th
e sh
ifts o
f th
e EB
SD p
atte
rns.
The
se sh
ifts a
re u
sed
to m
easu
re st
rain
in th
e Cr
ossC
ourt
3 st
rain
mea
sure
men
t sof
twar
e by
cr
oss-
corr
elat
ing
the
Si a
nd S
iGe
EBSD
pat
tern
s.
This
expe
rimen
t inv
estig
ated
the
effe
cts o
f SEM
par
amet
ers o
n th
e ca
lcul
ated
stra
in.
Cons
isten
cy o
f cal
cula
ted
stra
in sh
ould
be
obse
rved
in si
mila
r fea
ture
s of t
he sa
mpl
es a
t di
ffere
nt w
orki
ng d
istan
ces a
nd v
ario
us E
BSD
patt
ern
proc
essin
g pa
ram
eter
s. H
owev
er th
is w
as n
ot a
lway
s the
ca
se a
nd th
is pr
esen
tatio
n w
ill p
rovi
de so
me
insig
ht fo
r why
diff
eren
t val
ues a
nd tr
ends
wer
e ob
serv
ed in
this
expe
rimen
t. R
esul
ts w
ill c
ontr
ibut
e to
a R
M st
anda
rd fo
r ind
ustr
y to
sele
ct th
e pr
oper
par
amet
ers t
o ca
libra
te
EBSD
equ
ipm
ent.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
lana
Rist
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
112
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: M
ary
Bald
win
Col
lege
M
ajor
: Ch
emist
ry/ S
exua
lity
and
Gend
er
Stud
ies
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I w
ould
like
to o
btai
n a
Ph.D
. in
Org
anic
Che
mist
ry w
ith a
gra
duat
e ce
rtifi
cate
in S
exua
lity
and
Gend
er st
udie
s. E
vent
ually
, fin
ding
a c
aree
r whe
re I
can
com
bine
bot
h pa
ssio
ns.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
l Sci
ence
Mea
sure
men
t Div
ision
, Su
rfac
e an
d Tr
ace
Chem
ical
Ana
lysis
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Jess
ica
Stay
mat
es a
nd D
r. Gr
eg G
illen
Title
of T
alk:
Pr
intin
g Dr
ugs o
n Ed
ible
Sub
stra
tes
Abst
ract
: Th
e pu
rpos
e of
the
proj
ect i
s to
dete
rmin
e a
met
hod
of p
rintin
g m
edic
atio
ns o
nto
edib
le su
bstr
ates
. Thi
s res
earc
h is
impo
rtan
t bec
ause
it c
ould
be
used
to m
ake
med
icin
e di
strib
utio
n sy
stem
s tha
t are
inex
pens
ive,
acc
urat
e, a
nd
indi
vidu
alize
d. It
will
also
pro
vide
med
icat
ion
for p
eopl
e w
ho c
anno
t sw
allo
w p
ills,
whi
ch m
ay b
e es
peci
ally
use
ful
for t
he e
lder
ly a
nd c
hild
ren.
Inkj
et p
rintin
g ha
s bee
n sh
own
to b
e a
repe
atab
le m
etho
d fo
r dep
ositi
ng sm
all
volu
mes
of s
olut
ion
onto
a v
arie
ty o
f sub
stra
tes [
ref 1
-3].
This
proj
ect h
ad th
ree
mai
n fo
cus a
reas
: Ink
form
ulat
ion,
su
bstr
ates
, and
cha
ract
eriza
tion.
With
Ink
form
ulat
ion,
we
wor
ked
with
diff
eren
t med
icin
es in
clud
ing
Acet
amin
ophe
n an
d Fo
lic A
cid
to p
rodu
ce p
rinta
ble
“ink
s” th
at w
e co
uld
use
with
a p
iezo
elec
tric
inkj
et p
rinte
r. Th
is in
clud
ed e
xper
imen
ting
with
diff
eren
t sol
vent
s and
con
cent
ratio
ns to
det
erm
ine
a su
itabl
e so
lutio
n.
Seco
ndly
, we
wor
ked
with
diff
eren
t typ
es o
f sub
stra
tes,
from
rice
pap
er a
nd ic
ing
shee
ts to
gel
atin
mol
ds, f
or
iden
tific
atio
n of
whi
ch su
bstr
ates
wou
ld w
ork
best
to p
rint o
nto.
In a
dditi
on, w
e w
ere
look
ing
to se
e ho
w m
any
drop
s the
subs
trat
e co
uld
hold
, whe
ther
the
ink
wou
ld d
issol
ve th
e su
bstr
ate,
and
how
wel
l we
coul
d co
ntro
l the
de
posit
ion
on th
e su
bstr
ate.
Thi
rdly
, we
used
var
ious
tool
s to
char
acte
rize
wha
t was
prin
ted.
We
expe
rimen
ted
with
diff
eren
t way
s to
dete
rmin
e th
e co
ncen
trat
ion
of w
hat w
e w
ere
prin
ting.
In a
dditi
on, w
e an
alyz
ed sa
mpl
es
with
seve
ral d
iffer
ent m
icro
scop
y m
etho
ds th
at in
clud
e SI
MS,
SEM
, RAM
AN, a
nd F
TIR-
mic
rosc
opy
to v
iew
the
crys
talli
zatio
n of
our
prin
ted
med
icin
es a
nd to
det
erm
ine
the
spre
ad th
e de
posit
s on
subs
trat
es. A
ll in
all,
the
rese
arch
con
duct
ed th
roug
h th
is pr
ojec
t can
con
trib
ute
to m
ost i
mpo
rtan
tly b
eing
abl
e to
qua
ntify
wha
t you
are
pr
intin
g on
to a
subs
trat
e th
at w
ould
ulti
mat
ely
be ta
ken
as a
med
icin
e. F
utur
e re
sear
ch w
ill in
vest
igat
e di
ffere
nt
subs
trat
es a
nd n
ew m
edic
ine-
solv
ent m
ixtu
res t
o pr
epar
e di
ffere
nt ty
pes o
f med
icin
es.
Refe
renc
es:
[1] R
. Mic
hael
Ver
kout
eren
et a
l., A
nal.
Chem
. 200
9, 8
1, 8
577–
8584
[2
] R. M
icha
el V
erko
uter
en e
t al.,
Lang
mui
r 201
1, 2
7, 9
644–
9653
[3
] Win
dsor
E. e
t al.,
Ana
l. Ch
em. 2
010
82 8
519-
8524
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 98
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: P
aul S
abba
gh
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
090
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: B
owie
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: 1st
yea
r Gra
duat
e Sc
hool
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
ad S
choo
l at B
owie
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Sof
twar
e an
d Sy
stem
s Div
ision
, Cy
ber I
nfra
stru
ctur
e Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Eric
Sim
mon
Title
of T
alk:
CP
CC: A
Cyb
er P
hysic
al C
loud
Com
putin
g Te
stbe
d
Abst
ract
: Cy
ber P
hysic
al S
yste
ms (
CPSs
) con
nect
the
“cyb
er a
nd p
hysic
al w
orld
s by
usin
g se
nsor
s and
act
uato
rs to
brid
ge
the
com
putin
g do
mai
n to
the
phys
ical
dom
ain”
[NIS
TIR
7951
]. Th
e se
nsor
s mon
itor p
hysic
al p
rope
rtie
s whi
le
actu
ator
s con
trol
the
phys
ical
env
ironm
ent w
ith c
ompu
ting
elem
ents
in-b
etw
een
to p
roce
ss d
ata.
Add
ing
clou
d ch
arac
teris
tics t
o CP
S w
ill a
llow
com
pone
nts t
o be
rapi
dly
prov
ision
ed a
nd d
e-pr
ovisi
oned
for u
se in
mul
tiple
vi
rtua
l sys
tem
s sim
ulta
neou
sly, i
ncre
asin
g ef
ficie
ncy,
resil
ienc
y, a
nd fl
exib
ility
[NIS
TIR
7951
] and
enc
oura
ging
in
nova
tion.
To
val
idat
e th
e Cy
ber P
hysic
al C
loud
Com
putin
g (C
PCC)
mod
el a
nd te
st c
ompo
nent
inte
rope
rabi
lity,
a C
PCC
test
be
d w
as b
uilt
upon
whi
ch a
n in
dust
rial s
ous-
vide
syst
em w
as im
plem
ente
d to
dem
onst
rate
diff
eren
t asp
ects
of
the
CPCC
mod
el.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
enni
fer A
. San
dova
l Cas
as
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
161
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: P
olyt
echn
ic U
nive
rsity
of P
uert
o Ri
co
Maj
or:
Bach
elor
of S
cien
ce in
Ele
ctric
al
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): M
y fu
ture
pla
n is
to h
ave
a ca
reer
in th
e El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
field
, foc
used
eith
er o
n th
e ex
trem
ely
low
freq
uenc
ies a
nd c
ontin
ue w
orki
ng o
n th
e sy
nchr
onize
d el
ectr
ical
pow
er
mea
sure
men
ts o
r at r
adio
freq
uenc
ies a
nd w
orki
ng o
n th
e te
leco
mm
unic
atio
ns in
dust
ry.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Appl
ied
Elec
tric
al M
etro
logy
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Alle
n Go
ldst
ein
Title
of T
alk:
Te
stin
g an
Ele
ctric
al P
ower
Fre
quen
cy D
istur
banc
e Re
cord
er (F
DR) D
evic
e
Abst
ract
: Am
ong
the
smar
t grid
pro
gram
s tha
t sin
ce 2
009
have
bee
n sp
onso
red
by th
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
nerg
y (D
OE)
, di
ffere
nt se
ctor
s of t
he e
lect
ric u
tility
indu
stry
hav
e be
en in
stal
ling
Phas
or M
easu
rem
ent U
nits
(PM
Us)
and
de
ploy
ing
tech
nolo
gies
to m
oder
nize
and
mon
itor i
n a
prop
er w
ay th
e co
nditi
ons a
long
the
elec
tric
grid
. The
se
PMU
devi
ces a
re p
lace
d at
the
tran
smiss
ion
leve
l and
send
dat
a re
gard
ing
the
inst
anta
neou
s vol
tage
, cur
rent
and
fr
eque
ncy.
Pur
suin
g th
at sa
me
obje
ctiv
e, a
Fre
quen
cy M
onito
ring
Net
wor
k (F
NET
) was
dep
loye
d by
the
Uni
vers
ity
of T
enne
ssee
by
deve
lopi
ng F
requ
ency
Dist
urba
nce
Reco
rder
s (FD
Rs) a
nd p
laci
ng th
em a
t the
dist
ribut
ion
leve
l of
the
pow
er g
rid. T
he F
DR w
orks
as a
sens
ing
devi
ce th
at m
onito
rs th
e re
al-t
ime,
GPS
tim
e-st
ampe
d, si
ngle
-pha
se
volta
ge p
haso
r and
the
freq
uenc
y ou
t of a
120
V el
ectr
ical
out
let.
The
FNET
mea
sure
s and
che
cks t
he d
evia
tion
of
freq
uenc
y fr
om th
e no
min
al 6
0Hz v
alue
, whi
ch in
dica
tes t
he st
abili
ty b
etw
een
the
elec
tric
gen
erat
ion
and
the
load
, an
d se
nds d
ata
to F
NET
serv
ers.
Thi
s dat
a is
used
by
the
Nor
th A
mer
ican
Ele
ctric
Rel
iabi
lity
Corp
orat
ion
(NER
C) fo
r ev
ent a
naly
sis a
nd p
redi
ctio
ns o
f the
grid
inst
abili
ty. T
he re
sear
ch p
roje
ct is
focu
sed
on c
ompa
ring
the
FDR’
s ph
asor
info
rmat
ion
with
the
IEEE
Std
. C37
.118
.1-2
011
(IEEE
Sta
ndar
d fo
r Syn
chro
phas
or M
easu
rem
ents
for P
ower
Sy
stem
s). A
serie
s of t
ests
in st
eady
and
dyn
amic
stat
e ar
e m
ade
to th
e FD
R, c
ompa
ring
the
Tota
l Vec
tor E
rror
(T
VE) a
nd th
e Fr
eque
ncy
Erro
r (FE
) of t
he d
ata
stre
ams f
rom
the
devi
ce w
ith th
e re
quire
men
ts o
f the
stan
dard
. Su
ch li
mits
are
that
the
TVE
rem
ains
und
er 1
% a
nd th
e FE
bel
ow 0
.005
Hz o
r 0.0
25Hz
(dep
endi
ng o
n th
e te
st).
The
resu
lts w
ill p
rovi
de d
etai
ls on
the
accu
racy
of a
sam
ple
FDR
and
on it
s cor
rela
tion
with
the
IEEE
Std
. C37
.118
.1-
2011
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 99
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
arah
Sch
effle
r G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H10
0 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Har
vey
Mud
d Co
llege
M
ajor
: Com
pute
r Sci
ence
and
Mat
hem
atic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
go
to g
rad
scho
ol in
the
field
of c
ompu
ter s
cien
ce, p
ossib
ly st
udyi
ng q
uant
um
com
putin
g al
gorit
hms.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Com
pute
r Sec
urity
Div
ision
, Sec
urity
Tes
ting,
Va
lidat
ion,
& M
easu
rem
ent G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Al
len
Rogi
nsky
, Ran
dy E
aste
r
Title
of T
alk:
Pr
opos
als f
or N
IST
Stan
dard
s on
Gene
ratio
n of
Ran
dom
Prim
es fo
r Cry
ptog
raph
y
Abst
ract
: M
ost m
oder
n cr
ypto
syst
ems r
ely
on th
e ge
nera
tion
of ra
ndom
prim
e nu
mbe
rs a
s par
t of t
he p
roce
ss u
sed
to
crea
te k
eys w
ith w
hich
to e
ncry
pt a
nd d
ecry
pt d
ata.
The
gen
erat
ion
of ra
ndom
, sec
ret p
rimes
is a
t the
hea
rt o
f th
e se
curit
y of
all
encr
ypte
d da
ta. T
he N
atio
nal I
nstit
ute
of S
tand
ards
and
Tec
hnol
ogy
(NIS
T) h
as st
anda
rds f
or th
e pr
oces
s by
whi
ch a
cry
ptog
raph
ic p
rime
num
ber i
s gen
erat
ed, w
hich
invo
lves
a R
ando
m N
umbe
r Gen
erat
or (R
NG)
an
d a
test
for p
rimal
ity.
In th
is ta
lk, I
will
disc
uss t
hree
adj
ustm
ents
to th
e pr
ime
gene
ratio
n pr
oces
s. I
pro
vide
a
way
to c
usto
mize
the
prim
e fo
r use
rs w
ho w
ish to
impo
se a
n ad
ditio
nal c
onst
rain
t to
thei
r gen
erat
ed p
rimes
. I
show
that
NIS
T’s s
tatis
tical
test
suite
for R
NGs
is in
suffi
cien
t by
itsel
f to
prov
e th
e se
curit
y of
that
RN
G. I
also
di
scus
s mod
ifica
tions
to th
e er
ror b
ound
s on
the
prim
ality
test
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
harle
s For
d Sc
ott
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
140
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: R
owan
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
and
/or w
orki
ng in
avi
atio
n or
aer
ospa
ce
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Sci
ence
Div
ision
, M
ater
ials
for E
nerg
y &
Sus
tain
able
Dev
elop
men
t Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Brad
Boy
erin
as
Title
of T
alk:
M
icro
- and
Mes
o-Po
rous
Str
uctu
re A
naly
sis o
f CO
2 Cap
ture
Mat
eria
ls U
sing
Gas S
orpt
ion.
Abst
ract
: Th
e ex
pect
atio
n of
pos
sible
CO
2 em
issio
ns r
egul
atio
n in
the
U.S
. ha
s na
tura
lly le
d to
an
incr
ease
d in
tere
st in
de
velo
ping
cos
t-ef
ficie
nt c
arbo
n ca
ptur
e m
ater
ials
to m
inim
ize e
nviro
nmen
tal
carb
on d
ioxi
de p
ollu
tion
from
st
atio
nary
sou
rces
. Th
e ra
tiona
l des
ign
and
optim
izatio
n of
ads
orbe
nts
for t
his
appl
icat
ion
requ
ires
know
ledg
e of
th
e co
rrel
atio
n be
twee
n th
e CO
2 cap
ture
beh
avio
r and
phy
sicoc
hem
ical
cha
ract
erist
ics
of th
ese
mat
eria
ls. I
n th
is lig
ht, c
hara
cter
izatio
n of
the
mic
ro-
and
mes
o-po
rous
str
uctu
re o
f ca
ndid
ate
adso
rben
t m
ater
ials
(e.g
., su
rfac
e ar
ea,
pore
vol
ume,
and
por
e siz
e di
strib
utio
n) u
sing
Argo
n so
rptio
n m
easu
rem
ents
at
LAr
tem
pera
ture
is
an
esse
ntia
l com
pone
nt o
f a m
ater
ials-
by-d
esig
n ap
proa
ch.
Ther
e ar
e a
wid
e va
riety
of m
etho
ds fo
r th
e an
alys
is of
m
icro
- and
mes
o- p
ore
stru
ctur
es b
ased
on
gas s
orpt
ion
data
such
as D
FT, B
JH, H
K, S
F, e
tc. (
mos
t nam
ed a
fter
the
initi
als
of t
hose
sci
entis
ts w
ho d
evel
oped
the
m).
The
sel
ectio
n of
the
met
hod
is ty
pica
lly t
ied
to t
he m
ater
ial
chem
istry
and
por
e ge
omet
ry o
f the
sam
ple
bein
g in
vest
igat
ed.
In t
his
wor
k, w
e re
view
ed th
e va
rious
met
hods
av
aila
ble
and
sele
cted
the
mos
t sui
tabl
e m
etho
d fo
r the
cha
ract
eriza
tion
of a
sel
ecte
d se
t of p
orou
s ca
rbon
s an
d m
olec
ular
siev
es.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 100
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: P
aul A
lexa
nder
Sco
tt II
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H07
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mor
ehou
se C
olle
ge
Maj
or:
Dual
Deg
ree-
Appl
ied
Phys
ics/
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Fi
nish
my
dual
deg
ree
prog
ram
, att
end
grad
uate
scho
ol.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Mat
eria
ls an
d St
ruct
ural
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Po
lym
eric
Mat
eria
ls Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Chris
Whi
te, N
icho
las C
arbo
ne
Title
of T
alk:
Fu
n in
the
Sun:
Cha
ract
eriza
tion
and
Anal
ysis
of P
hoto
degr
aded
Pol
yeth
ylen
e
Abst
ract
: St
udie
s wer
e co
nduc
ted
on th
e ph
otod
egra
datio
n of
the
com
mon
ther
mop
last
ic p
olym
er p
olye
thyl
ene
(PE)
, mos
t co
mm
only
use
d in
pac
kagi
ng, c
onta
iner
s and
pip
ing.
As e
xpec
ted
expo
sure
to e
xtre
me
tem
pera
ture
fluc
tuat
ions
as
wel
l as U
V irr
adia
tion
caus
es p
hoto
degr
adat
ion
over
the
lifes
pan
of th
ese
prod
ucts
. Lab
bas
ed d
egra
datio
n or
ac
cele
rate
d de
grad
atio
n, a
chie
ved
thro
ugh
the
use
of a
SPH
ERE
(Sim
ulat
ed P
hoto
deg
rada
tion
by H
igh
Ener
gy
Radi
ant E
xpos
ure)
bas
ed u
ltrav
iole
t rad
iatio
n ex
posu
re c
ham
ber,
was
use
d to
sim
ulat
e pr
olon
ged
expo
sure
. Ad
ditio
nal w
eath
erin
g da
ta w
as o
btai
ned
from
sam
ples
exp
osed
out
door
s in
Hom
este
ad F
lorid
a. A
var
iety
of
anal
ytic
al a
nd sp
ectr
osco
pic
tech
niqu
es, i
nclu
ding
Att
enua
ted
Tota
l Ref
lect
ance
Fou
rier T
rans
form
Infr
ared
Sp
ectr
omet
ry, D
iffer
entia
l Sca
nnin
g Ca
lorim
etry
, and
Inst
ron
test
ing
wer
e us
ed to
det
erm
ine
base
lines
for
poly
ethy
lene
and
com
pare
d to
sam
ples
that
had
und
ergo
ne a
ccel
erat
ed a
nd n
atur
al d
egra
datio
n. T
he m
echa
nica
l pr
oper
ties a
nd c
hem
ical
deg
rada
tion
of th
e sa
mpl
es w
ere
corr
elat
ed w
ith e
xpos
ure
time
and
the
corr
elat
ions
ex
plor
ed.
Reci
proc
ity p
aram
eter
s wer
e al
so e
xtra
cted
from
the
corr
elat
ions
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
effr
ey S
elf
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
138
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of T
exas
Aus
tin
Maj
or:
Chem
istry
and
Che
mic
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pu
rsui
ng a
PhD
in M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. A
nton
io F
arao
ne
Title
of T
alk:
Q
uasi-
Elas
tic N
eutr
on S
catt
erin
g of
Met
hano
l Agg
rega
tes
Abst
ract
: It
is w
ell k
now
n th
at li
quid
alc
ohol
s for
m su
perm
olec
ular
agg
rega
tes b
ecau
se o
f the
ir hy
drog
en b
ondi
ng te
nden
cy.
How
ever
, the
resu
ltant
stru
ctur
ing
of e
ven
the
simpl
est a
lcoh
ol—
met
hano
l—is
not y
et fu
lly u
nder
stoo
d. T
he
asso
ciat
ive
prop
ertie
s of s
impl
e al
coho
ls in
the
liqui
d st
ates
hav
e be
en in
vest
igat
ed m
ostly
from
the
stru
ctur
al
poin
t of v
iew
usin
g st
atic
neu
tron
and
x-r
ay sc
atte
ring
as w
ell a
s com
pute
r sim
ulat
ions
. We
perf
orm
ed
Qua
siEla
stic
Neu
tron
Sca
tter
ing
(QEN
S) to
obs
erve
exp
erim
enta
lly th
e dy
nam
ics o
f the
se su
perm
olec
ular
fo
rmat
ions
ove
r mol
ecul
ar le
ngth
- and
tim
e-sc
ales
. The
use
of p
olar
ized
neut
rons
and
isot
opic
subs
titut
ion
allo
wed
for t
he st
atic
and
dyn
amic
al c
hara
cter
izatio
n of
stru
ctur
es w
ith a
typi
cal l
engt
hsca
le o
f 5
Å. I
will
repo
rt
resu
lts o
n th
e lif
etim
e of
thes
e st
ruct
ures
inve
stig
ated
as a
func
tion
of te
mpe
ratu
re. A
mol
ecul
ar d
ynam
ic
simul
atio
n w
as a
lso c
ondu
cted
and
ana
lyze
d to
gai
n a
bett
er u
nder
stan
ding
of t
he o
btai
ned
data
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 101
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
orda
n Se
nato
re
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
117
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: F
lorid
a In
stitu
te o
f Tec
hnol
ogy
Maj
or:
Aero
spac
e En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Grad
uate
Stu
dent
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): St
art a
car
eer a
t Nor
thro
p Gr
umm
an, w
hile
fini
shin
g th
e la
st h
alf o
f my
mas
ter’s
deg
ree
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
b, S
yste
ms I
nteg
ratio
n Di
visio
n, In
form
atio
n M
odel
ing
and
Test
ing
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
KC M
orris
, Qai
s Hat
im, D
eogr
atia
s Kib
ira
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e us
e of
Disc
rete
Eve
nt S
imul
atio
n fo
r Ass
urin
g th
e Pe
rfor
man
ce o
f a M
anuf
actu
ring
Syst
em
Abst
ract
: Th
is re
sear
ch a
ims t
o de
mon
stra
te a
met
hod
for o
ptim
izing
per
form
ance
bas
ed u
pon
mul
tiple
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
(KPI
s) su
ch a
s cos
t, en
ergy
con
sum
ptio
n, c
arbo
n em
issio
n, a
nd to
tal p
rodu
ctio
n tim
e. O
ften
tim
es
thes
e KP
Is ar
e co
nflic
ting
and
so a
mid
dle
grou
nd m
ust b
e fo
und
that
strik
es a
bal
ance
bet
wee
n th
e ob
ject
ives
. In
cu
rren
t man
ufac
turin
g sy
stem
s ind
ustr
y ex
perie
nce
is of
ten
used
to m
inim
ize p
rodu
ctio
n tim
e or
cos
t; ho
wev
er,
to fa
ctor
in su
stai
nabi
lity
goal
s with
com
petin
g ob
ject
ives
, a m
ore
obje
ctiv
e to
ol is
nee
ded.
W
e us
e di
scre
te e
vent
sim
ulat
ion
as a
met
hod
for a
ssur
ing
the
perf
orm
ance
of m
anuf
actu
ring
syst
ems i
n lig
ht o
f co
mpe
ting
prio
ritie
s. S
imul
atio
n pr
ovid
es a
n ob
ject
ive
met
hod
to q
uick
ly a
nd a
ccur
atel
y pl
an p
lant
ope
ratio
ns
base
d up
on a
sing
le o
bjec
tive
or m
any
com
petin
g ob
ject
ives
. Pl
ant m
anag
ers c
an q
uick
ly a
nd e
asily
exp
lore
man
y op
tions
at t
he b
egin
ning
of e
ach
day
or a
t the
arr
ival
of a
new
bat
ch o
f ord
ers.
Sim
ulat
ion
will
allo
w fo
r opt
imal
co
nfig
urat
ions
to b
e ch
osen
that
not
onl
y m
inim
ize c
ost o
r tim
e, b
ut a
lso ta
ke su
stai
nabi
lity
goal
s int
o ac
coun
t.
We
cons
truc
ted
a m
odel
usin
g Ar
ena,
a c
omm
erci
al si
mul
atio
n so
ftwar
e pa
ckag
e, o
f a m
achi
ne sh
op w
ith se
vera
l m
achi
nes t
hat c
ould
eac
h pe
rfor
m m
ultip
le p
roce
sses
. Th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
of a
bat
ch o
f par
ts w
as th
en si
mul
ated
us
ing
the
mod
el w
hile
impo
rtan
t KPI
s wer
e m
onito
red.
Mac
hine
sett
ings
(e.g
. cut
ting
spee
d, fe
ed ra
te, d
epth
of
cut,
etc.
) wer
e va
ried
over
a se
t ran
ge, t
hus a
llow
ing
an o
ptim
al c
onfig
urat
ion
to b
e fo
und
for e
ach
mac
hine
that
le
ads t
o th
e hi
ghes
t per
form
ing
syst
em.
Mul
tiple
scen
ario
s wer
e co
mpl
eted
that
test
the
abili
ty o
f the
syst
em to
fin
d op
timal
sett
ings
rang
ing
from
a si
mpl
e on
e pa
rt sc
enar
io w
ith a
pre
defin
ed p
rodu
ctio
n pl
an to
a m
uch
mor
e co
mpl
ex sy
stem
with
mul
tiple
par
ts a
nd n
o pr
edef
ined
pro
duct
ion
plan
. Th
e sim
ulat
ion
mod
el is
use
d to
de
term
ine
optim
al se
ttin
gs fo
r eac
h in
divi
dual
mac
hine
in th
e m
anuf
actu
ring
syst
em a
nd th
en it
is u
sed
to
dete
rmin
e th
e op
timal
pro
duct
ion
plan
to le
ad to
the
high
est p
erfo
rmin
g sy
stem
.
The
man
ufac
turin
g in
dust
ry is
tend
ing
tow
ards
agi
le, m
ore
resp
onsiv
e pl
ant d
esig
ns a
nd o
pera
tions
. Thi
s res
earc
h w
ill n
ot o
nly
help
opt
imize
mac
hine
sett
ings
and
con
figur
atio
ns, b
ut c
ould
also
be
used
to e
xplo
re th
e ef
fect
s of
disr
uptio
ns a
nd p
oten
tial s
olut
ions
. Di
srup
tions
can
be
inte
rnal
(e.g
. mac
hine
failu
re) o
r ext
erna
l (e.
g. la
te
mat
eria
l arr
ival
or c
hang
ed o
rder
s).
The
rese
arch
will
hel
p im
prov
e ov
eral
l ind
ustr
y ef
ficie
ncy,
whi
le o
peni
ng u
p m
any
poss
ibili
ties f
or th
e fu
ture
of S
mar
t Man
ufac
turin
g.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Will
iam
Ser
rano
-Gar
cía
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
161
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of P
uert
o Ri
co a
t Hum
acao
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s App
lied
to E
lect
roni
cs
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ph
.D.
Phys
ics:
Con
dens
ed M
atte
r
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y (P
ML)
, Sem
icon
duct
or &
Dim
ensio
nal M
etro
logy
Di
visio
n, N
anoe
lect
roni
cs G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Dav
id G
undl
ach,
Dr.
Emily
Bitt
le
Title
of T
alk:
Fa
bric
atio
n an
d El
ectr
ical
Cha
ract
eriza
tion
of R
ubre
ne S
ingl
e - C
ryst
al
Abst
ract
: O
rgan
ic se
mic
ondu
ctor
s are
att
ract
ive
for r
ealiz
ing
flexi
ble
and
nove
l ele
ctro
nic-
base
d so
lutio
ns to
non
trad
ition
al,
non-
silic
on c
entr
ic p
robl
ems.
Ele
ctro
nic
devi
ces s
uch
as li
ght e
mitt
ing
diod
es (O
LEDs
), tr
ansis
tors
(OTF
Ts),
sens
ors
and
sola
r ce
lls (
OPV
s) h
ave
all
been
dem
onst
rate
d by
usin
g or
gani
c se
mic
ondu
ctor
s, a
nd O
LEDs
are
alre
ady
pres
ent
in h
igh
volu
me
com
mer
cial
ele
ctro
nic
appl
icat
ions
lik
e ce
ll ph
ones
poi
ntin
g to
the
tre
men
dous
co
mm
erci
al o
ppor
tuni
ties.
OTF
Ts h
ave
yet t
o fin
d sim
ilar w
ide
adop
tion
in e
xist
ing
tech
nolo
gies
and
fund
amen
tal
phys
ical
und
erst
andi
ng re
mai
ns li
mite
d. I
mpo
rtan
tly, c
harg
e tr
ansp
ort a
nd tr
appi
ng m
echa
nism
s di
ffer i
n or
gani
c tr
ansis
tors
as
com
pare
d to
ino
rgan
ic t
rans
istor
s, an
d as
a r
esul
t co
mm
only
use
d an
alog
ies
of o
rgan
ic
sem
icon
duct
ors
to in
orga
nic
band
tran
spor
t the
ory
can
brea
k do
wn.
Thi
s is
espe
cial
ly a
ppar
ent i
n th
eir r
espo
nse
to s
mal
l sig
nal s
timul
us a
nd a
t hi
gh fr
eque
ncie
s re
quire
d fo
r so
me
anal
og c
ircui
t ap
plic
atio
ns. I
n th
is st
udy,
we
perf
orm
det
aile
d el
ectr
ical
cha
ract
eriza
tion
on o
rgan
ic f
ield
effe
ct t
rans
istor
s (O
FET)
mad
e us
ing
singl
e cr
ysta
l ru
bren
e, a
con
juga
ted
orga
nic
sem
icon
duct
ing
mat
eria
l gro
wn
by p
hysic
al v
apor
tra
nspo
rt a
nd la
min
ated
ont
o th
erm
ally
oxi
dize
d sil
icon
waf
ers.
We
stud
y th
e AC
beh
avio
r of s
ingl
e cr
ysta
l org
anic
tran
sisto
rs u
sing
impe
danc
e sp
ectr
osco
py to
inve
stig
ate
"idea
l" el
ectr
onic
beh
avio
r in
orga
nic
tran
sisto
rs. I
mpe
danc
e m
easu
rem
ents
per
mit
us
acce
ss t
o sm
all
signa
l, hi
gh f
requ
ency
beh
avio
r an
d al
low
us
mor
e nu
ance
d in
vest
igat
ion
of t
he s
mal
l sig
nal
resp
onse
tra
pped
vs.
mob
ile c
harg
e, a
nd t
he d
eter
min
atio
n of
the
low
fiel
d m
obili
ty a
nd t
hres
hold
vol
tage
. For
so
me
OFE
T te
st s
truc
ture
s w
e m
odifi
ed t
he s
ilico
n di
oxid
e ga
te i
nsul
ator
int
erfa
ce w
ith a
sel
f-ass
embl
ed
mon
olay
er, o
ctad
ecyl
tric
hlor
osila
ne (O
STS)
, to
the
prob
e tr
appi
ng a
t the
insu
lato
r-ru
bren
e in
terf
ace
whe
re c
harg
e ac
cum
ulat
ion
and
tran
spor
t oc
curs
. Usin
g a
tran
smiss
ion
line
mod
el t
o fit
the
AC
impe
danc
e of
the
tra
nsist
or
chan
nel c
oupl
ed w
ith a
par
alle
l res
istor
-cap
acito
r m
odel
of t
he c
onta
ct im
peda
nce,
we
gain
insig
ht in
to c
harg
e tr
ansp
ort
in t
he c
hann
el w
hile
disc
rimin
atin
g th
e ef
fect
s du
e to
con
tact
im
peda
nce.
We
com
pare
mob
ility
, th
resh
old
volta
ge, a
nd c
hara
cter
istic
tra
nsist
or c
hann
el r
espo
nse
dete
rmin
ed b
y im
peda
nce
mea
sure
men
ts t
o va
lues
foun
d th
roug
h m
ore
wid
ely
empl
oyed
DC
char
acte
rizat
ion
of t
rans
istor
s to
ver
ify t
he e
ffect
iven
ess
of D
C m
easu
rem
ents
to p
redi
ct A
C pe
rfor
man
ce li
mits
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 102
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: K
omal
Sha
ikh
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
156
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: T
he P
enns
ylva
nia
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
, Yor
k, P
A M
ajor
: Li
fe S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
to a
tten
d de
ntal
scho
ol a
nd sp
ecia
lize
in c
osm
etic
or r
econ
stru
ctiv
e de
ntist
ry a
fter
grad
uatio
n.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, B
iosy
stem
s and
Bio
mat
eria
ls Di
visio
n,
Biom
ater
ials
Grou
p.
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Mar
tin C
hian
g
Title
of T
alk:
St
ress
Dev
elop
men
t in
Flow
able
Den
tal R
esin
s usin
g a
Cant
ileve
r Bea
m-B
ased
Dev
ice.
Abst
ract
: Th
e go
al o
f thi
s stu
dy is
to m
easu
re p
olym
eriza
tion
shrin
kage
stre
ss, d
egre
e of
con
vers
ion,
and
cha
nge
in
tem
pera
ture
of a
den
tal c
ompo
site
that
is p
hoto
cure
d w
ith a
toot
h se
ctio
n (c
ompr
ised
of d
entin
). Th
e lig
ht fr
om
the
curin
g la
mp
refle
cts o
ff of
the
surf
ace
of th
e to
oth,
and
this
may
hav
e an
effe
ct o
n co
nver
sion
and
tem
pera
ture
, con
sequ
ently
the
shrin
kage
stre
ss. H
igh
leve
ls of
shrin
kage
stre
ss c
an re
stric
t the
use
of c
erta
in
dent
al c
ompo
sites
, so
it is
impo
rtan
t to
dete
rmin
e th
e st
ress
of t
he c
ompo
sites
to se
e if
they
can
be
used
in a
cl
inic
al se
ttin
g. In
exp
erim
ents
, the
den
tal c
ompo
site
is a
50:5
0 m
ass r
atio
solu
tion
of b
isphe
nol A
dig
lyci
dyl e
ther
m
etha
cryl
ate
(BisG
MA)
and
trie
thyl
eneg
lyco
l dim
etha
cryl
ate
(TEG
DMA)
, with
0.2
mas
s per
cent
cam
phor
quin
one
(CQ
) and
0.8
mas
s per
cent
eth
yl 4
-dim
ethy
lam
inob
enzo
ate
(4E)
pho
toin
itiat
ors a
nd v
aryi
ng g
lass
fille
r con
tent
s (5
5, 6
5, a
nd 7
5 pe
rcen
t). A
can
tilev
er b
eam
bas
ed in
stru
men
t (ca
lled
tens
omet
er) w
as u
sed
for t
he st
ress
m
easu
rem
ent a
nd w
as c
ompl
emen
ted
with
a n
ear i
nfra
red
(NIR
) spe
ctro
met
er a
nd th
erm
ocou
ple
for m
easu
ring
the
conv
ersio
n an
d te
mpe
ratu
re d
urin
g th
e po
lym
eriza
tion,
resp
ectiv
ely.
The
com
posit
e sa
mpl
es w
ere
cure
d in
th
ree
sets
of i
nter
face
: 1. C
ompo
site/
quar
tz ro
d in
terf
ace,
in w
hich
the
rod
was
not
sila
nize
d (t
he ro
d is
used
to
tran
smit
curin
g lig
ht),
2. U
sing
quar
tz ro
ds th
at w
ere
silan
ized,
and
3. U
sing
quar
tz ro
ds w
ith a
toot
h se
ctio
n at
tach
ed th
at w
ere
both
sila
nize
d. A
tten
uate
d to
tal r
efle
ctan
ce (A
TR) w
as a
lso c
ompl
eted
on
the
sam
ple
72 h
ours
af
ter i
t was
cur
ed. T
his a
llow
s us t
o co
mpa
re th
e de
gree
of c
onve
rsio
n on
the
bott
om a
nd to
p su
rfac
es o
f the
sa
mpl
e. T
his s
tudy
hel
ps u
s det
erm
ine
whi
ch fi
ller c
onte
nts a
re su
itabl
e in
a c
linic
al e
nviro
nmen
t, an
d w
heth
er a
co
mpo
site
that
is c
ured
with
a to
oth,
as c
ompa
red
to w
ithou
t one
, has
an
effe
ct o
n st
ress
, con
vers
ion,
and
te
mpe
ratu
re d
urin
g th
e po
lym
eriza
tion
proc
ess.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
hake
ria S
tew
art
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
105
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: A
laba
ma
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Bi
olog
y Pr
e-He
alth
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Af
ter g
radu
atio
n, I
wou
ld li
ke to
enr
oll i
n m
edic
al sc
hool
and
bec
ome
a pa
rt o
f a M
D/Ph
D pr
ogra
m. I
hav
e fu
rthe
r pla
ns to
bec
ome
a de
rmat
olog
ist.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, B
iosy
stem
s and
Bio
mat
eria
ls Di
visio
n,
Biom
ater
ials
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Di
ane
Bien
ek/J
irun
Sun
Title
of T
alk:
As
sess
ing
Antib
acte
rial P
rope
rtie
s of N
ovel
Den
tal R
esin
s Con
tain
ing
Tita
nium
N
anop
artic
les
Abst
ract
: De
ntal
car
ies (
i.e.,
toot
h de
cay
and
cavi
ties)
is o
ne o
f the
mai
n ca
uses
of t
ooth
loss
and
ora
l pai
n. T
here
are
m
etho
ds c
urre
ntly
bei
ng im
plem
ente
d to
com
bat t
his u
nive
rsal
pro
blem
. The
mos
t com
mon
met
hod
used
to tr
eat
carie
s is t
o re
mov
e th
e de
cay
and
rest
ore
the
toot
h w
ith a
filli
ng. T
ooth
rest
orat
ives
are
idea
l bec
ause
they
im
prov
e th
e qu
ality
of a
pat
ient
’s o
ral h
ealth
and
retu
rn fo
rm a
nd fu
nctio
n to
the
toot
h; h
owev
er, r
esto
rativ
e m
ater
ials
ofte
n fa
il. F
ailu
re c
an o
ften
resu
lt fr
om d
enta
l pla
que
adhe
ring
to th
e su
rfac
e of
the
toot
h as
wel
l as t
he
rest
orat
ive
mat
eria
l. De
ntal
pla
que
is a
biof
ilm o
f ora
l bac
teria
. Alth
ough
ther
e ar
e m
any
spec
ies o
f bac
teria
that
ar
e fo
und
in d
enta
l pla
que,
the
mos
t com
mon
that
adh
ere
to o
ral s
urfa
ces a
re S
trep
toco
ccus
mut
ans,
St
rept
ococ
cus s
obrin
us, a
nd la
ctob
acill
i. In
ord
er to
ach
ieve
long
last
ing
toot
h re
stor
ativ
es, i
t may
be
desir
able
th
at th
ese
rest
orat
ive
mat
eria
ls ha
ve a
ntib
acte
rial p
rope
rtie
s.
A co
mpo
nent
of p
olym
er-b
ased
rest
orat
ive
mat
eria
ls is
resin
mat
rix. P
rodu
cing
dur
able
as w
ell a
s ant
ibac
teria
l de
ntal
pol
ymer
s are
impe
rativ
e. T
itani
um d
ioxi
de n
anop
artic
les h
ave
alre
ady
exhi
bite
d im
prov
ed m
echa
nica
l pr
oper
ties a
s wel
l as u
niqu
e ph
otoa
ctiv
ities
. It
is kn
own
that
one
of t
he u
niqu
e ph
otoa
ctiv
ities
of t
itani
um d
ioxi
de
nano
part
icle
s is t
hat i
t has
the
abili
ty to
exh
ibit
antib
acte
rial a
nd a
ntiv
iral p
rope
rtie
s via
the
chem
ical
ene
rgy
that
is
rele
ased
. Alth
ough
ther
e ar
e so
me
antib
acte
rial p
rope
rtie
s of t
he ti
tani
um d
ioxi
de n
anop
artic
les,
furt
her t
estin
g is
need
ed in
ord
er to
succ
essf
ully
dev
elop
a n
ovel
den
tal r
esin
that
con
tain
s tita
nium
dio
xide
nan
opar
ticle
s.
Our
rese
arch
test
ed v
ario
us n
anop
artic
le so
lutio
ns fo
r ant
ibac
teria
l pro
pert
ies.
The
nan
opar
ticle
solu
tions
that
w
ere
test
ed v
arie
d in
con
cent
ratio
ns o
f tita
nium
dio
xide
, eth
anol
, and
met
hyle
ne b
lue.
Som
e sa
mpl
es w
ere
pre-
expo
sed
to a
visi
ble
light
cur
ing
syst
em a
nd su
bseq
uent
ly e
xpos
ed to
the
sam
e lig
ht p
rior t
o 48
-hr i
ncub
atio
n.
Antib
acte
rial p
rope
rtie
s wer
e as
sess
ed b
y m
easu
ring
the
zone
of i
nhib
ition
via
aga
r ass
ays.
The
Kirb
y Ba
uer d
isk
diffu
sion
antib
iotic
sens
itivi
ty p
roce
dure
was
use
d to
det
erm
ine
if th
e tit
aniu
m d
ioxi
de sa
mpl
es e
xhib
ited
zone
s of
inhi
bitio
n on
ce e
xpos
ed to
S. m
utan
s. T
o fa
cilit
ate
the
test
ing
for t
he a
ntim
icro
bial
pro
pert
ies,
con
ditio
ns h
ad to
fir
st b
e op
timize
d. F
acto
rs th
at w
ere
incl
uded
whi
le d
eter
min
ing
an o
ptim
al p
roce
dure
wer
e di
sk m
atric
es,
conc
entr
atio
n of
tita
nium
dio
xide
sam
ples
, dry
tim
e (w
hich
wer
e m
easu
red
usin
g pe
rcen
tage
s), a
s wel
l as
tem
pera
ture
. Onc
e op
timal
con
ditio
ns w
ere
esta
blish
ed, w
e w
ere
able
to a
ccur
atel
y te
st th
e na
nopa
rtic
le
solu
tions
for a
ntib
acte
rial p
rope
rtie
s.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 103
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
artin
Girc
his S
hett
y G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Mon
tgom
ery
Colle
ge
Maj
or:
Appl
ied
mat
hem
atic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or (f
or a
seco
nd b
ache
lor’s
deg
ree)
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Th
e po
ssib
ilitie
s are
end
less
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Che
mic
al S
cien
ces D
ivisi
on,
Elem
enta
l Mea
sure
men
t Sci
ence
(at N
CNR)
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Do
nna
O’K
elly
Title
of T
alk:
Da
ta A
cqui
sitio
n an
d Re
duct
ion
Soft
war
e fo
r Mul
ti-De
tect
or P
rom
pt G
amm
a N
eutr
on
Activ
atio
n An
alys
is Sy
stem
at N
CNR
Abst
ract
: N
eutr
on a
ctiv
atio
n an
alys
is is
a no
n-de
stru
ctiv
e m
etho
d fo
r det
erm
inin
g th
e el
emen
tal c
onst
ituen
ts o
f a sa
mpl
e.
The
prec
ision
of s
uch
mea
sure
men
ts c
an b
e in
crea
sed
by c
reat
ing
a m
ulti-
dete
ctor
syst
em fo
r the
cap
ture
of
gam
ma
rays
. One
of t
he m
ain
limita
tions
on
such
an
inst
rum
ent i
s the
rate
at w
hich
dat
a ca
n be
col
lect
ed a
nd
anal
yzed
. My
cont
ribut
ion
to th
e de
velo
pmen
t of t
his i
nstr
umen
t is t
he d
evel
opm
ent o
f sof
twar
e fo
r the
ac
quisi
tion
and
redu
ctio
n of
dat
a in
real
tim
e.
As a
sam
ple
is bo
mba
rded
with
neu
tron
s, it
pro
duce
s gam
ma
radi
atio
n ch
arac
teris
tic to
the
nucl
ides
pre
sent
. Si
nce
cert
ain
nucl
ides
em
it m
ultip
le g
amm
a ra
ys, w
e m
ay in
crea
se th
e ce
rtai
nty
of th
eir i
dent
ifica
tion
by d
etec
ting
coin
cide
nt g
amm
a ev
ents
with
mul
tiple
det
ecto
rs. I
n a
prom
pt g
amm
a ap
plic
atio
n, a
sing
le d
etec
tor m
ay p
rodu
ce
up to
100
GB
of d
ata
per d
ay.
It is
ther
efor
e ad
vant
ageo
us to
bui
ld sp
ectr
a as
eve
nts a
re d
etec
ted.
It is
not
en
ough
to h
ave
spec
tra
for e
ach
chan
nel s
epar
atel
y, si
nce
simul
tane
ous e
vent
s fro
m d
iffer
ent d
etec
tors
mus
t also
be
cla
ssifi
ed. T
here
fore
, a ro
bust
and
cus
tom
izabl
e pi
ece
of so
ftw
are
is re
quire
d.
Germ
aniu
m d
etec
tors
are
aim
ed a
t a sa
mpl
e on
the
NG-D
neu
tron
bea
m li
ne a
t NCN
R. C
aptu
red
gam
ma
rays
re
sult
in v
olta
ge p
eaks
pro
port
iona
l to
the
ener
gy o
f eac
h ev
ent.
Fou
r suc
h de
tect
ors a
re c
onne
cted
to a
XIA
Pi
xie-
4 de
vice
, whi
ch d
igiti
zes t
he si
gnal
s at 1
00M
hz a
nd u
ses a
n FP
GA c
hip
to a
naly
ze a
nd re
cord
the
time
and
ener
gy o
f eac
h ev
ent i
nto
a bu
ffer.
New
softw
are
writ
ten
in C
++ re
trie
ves t
he b
uffe
red
even
t dat
a fr
om th
e Pi
xie-
4, p
arse
s it a
nd b
uild
s spe
ctra
in re
al ti
me.
The
nec
essa
ry th
roug
hput
is m
ade
poss
ible
by
mul
tithr
eadi
ng th
e va
rious
task
s of t
his p
roce
ss. A
buf
fer a
cqui
sitio
n th
read
com
man
ds th
e Pi
xie-
4 to
initi
ate
runs
and
dow
nloa
ds th
e da
ta w
hen
the
exte
rnal
mem
ory
fills
up. T
he re
trie
ved
data
is p
lace
d on
a th
read
-saf
e FI
FO q
ueue
and
a n
ew ru
n is
initi
ated
imm
edia
tely
to m
inim
ize d
ead
time.
A p
aral
lel w
orke
r thr
ead
wai
ts fo
r new
buf
fers
to a
rriv
e, p
arse
s the
m
and
pass
es e
vent
s int
o an
othe
r que
ue. A
noth
er w
orke
r thr
ead
is ta
sked
with
bin
ning
thes
e ev
ents
to g
ener
ate
spec
tra.
The
softw
are
is co
mpi
led
for a
Lin
ux 6
4-bi
t env
ironm
ent f
or im
prov
ed p
erfo
rman
ce, s
tabi
lity
and
secu
rity.
Fu
rthe
r opt
imiza
tions
are
env
ision
ed to
dec
reas
e ac
quisi
tion
dead
tim
e an
d pr
ovid
e no
vel r
epre
sent
atio
ns o
f the
ga
ther
ed c
oinc
iden
ce d
ata.
The
softw
are
will
also
be
augm
ente
d w
ith to
ols d
edic
ated
to c
oinc
iden
ce a
naly
sis.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: T
anya
Shi
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H10
9 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Yal
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: En
viro
nmen
tal E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
ndec
ided
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, C
hem
ical
Sci
ence
s D
ivis
ion,
Inor
gani
c M
easu
rem
ent
Sci
ence
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Jingy
u Li
u, M
icha
el W
inch
este
r
Title
of T
alk:
M
easu
ring
the
Conc
entr
atio
n of
Spe
cific
Met
allic
Ions
in S
olut
ion
Thro
ugh
Indu
ced
Nan
opar
ticle
Agg
rega
tion
Abst
ract
: Th
e de
tect
ion
of b
iolo
gica
l and
che
mic
al a
gent
s pla
ys a
fund
amen
tal r
ole
in a
vas
t var
iety
of s
cien
tific
fiel
ds.
Engi
neer
ed g
old
nano
part
icle
s (Au
NPs
) are
em
ergi
ng a
s a p
ower
ful t
ool f
or th
e m
easu
rem
ent o
f the
se sm
all
mol
ecul
es, p
artic
ular
ly in
env
ironm
enta
l and
bio
logi
cal s
yste
ms.
The
y po
sses
s uni
que
phys
ical
and
che
mic
al
prop
ertie
s, su
ch a
s tun
abili
ty, b
ioco
mpa
tibili
ty w
ith m
any
ligan
ds, a
nd a
hig
h su
rfac
e-to
-vol
ume
ratio
, whi
ch m
ake
them
exc
elle
nt p
latf
orm
s for
the
fabr
icat
ion
of c
hem
ical
and
bio
logi
cal s
enso
rs. I
n ad
ditio
n, fu
nctio
naliz
ed A
uNPs
ca
n be
mad
e to
agg
rega
te in
the
pres
ence
of c
erta
in re
agen
ts a
nd a
spec
ific
met
allic
ion
in so
lutio
n.
The
goal
of t
his p
roje
ct w
as to
sele
ctiv
ely
quan
tify
iron
(III)
ions
in so
lutio
n by
mea
surin
g in
duce
d go
ld
nano
part
icle
agg
rega
tion.
In o
rder
to d
o so
, the
gol
d na
nopa
rtic
les h
ad to
firs
t be
func
tiona
lized
, mea
ning
the
surf
ace
chem
istry
alte
red,
in su
ch a
way
that
the
iron
ions
wou
ld c
ross
link
the
func
tiona
l gro
ups o
n th
e pa
rtic
le
surf
ace
and
resu
lt in
agg
rega
tion.
In th
is pr
ojec
t, do
pam
ine
was
use
d as
the
com
plex
ing
agen
t for
ferr
ic io
ns.
Seve
ral p
hysic
oche
mic
al re
actio
n sc
hem
es w
ere
desig
ned
and
test
ed w
ith th
e go
al o
f cre
atin
g bo
nds b
etw
een
iron
(III)
and
the
AuN
Ps, b
ut a
lso o
f pre
vent
ing
aggr
egat
ion
prio
r to
the
intr
oduc
tion
of fe
rric
ions
. In
add
ition
to u
sing
ultr
avio
let-v
isibl
e (U
V-vi
s) sp
ectr
osco
py a
nd d
ynam
ic li
ght s
catt
erin
g (D
LS) t
o ch
arac
teriz
e th
e Au
NP
sam
ples
, a n
ew te
chni
que
calle
d sin
gle
part
icle
indu
ctiv
ely
coup
led
plas
ma
mas
s spe
ctro
met
ry (s
pICP
-MS)
w
as e
mpl
oyed
to m
easu
re th
e siz
e di
strib
utio
n of
AuN
Ps a
nd q
uant
itate
the
degr
ee o
f agg
rega
tion.
Ope
ratin
g in
sin
gle
part
icle
mod
e an
d ut
ilizin
g a
high
-tem
pera
ture
pla
sma
disc
harg
e to
ioni
ze th
e sa
mpl
e, th
e IC
P-M
S w
as u
sed
to d
eter
min
e th
e nu
mbe
r con
cent
ratio
n an
d pa
rtic
le si
ze o
f dilu
te n
anop
artic
le su
spen
sions
. The
pro
ject
also
ex
plor
ed th
e ef
fect
of v
aryi
ng th
e lig
and
coat
ing
thic
knes
s, g
old
conc
entr
atio
n, d
opam
ine
load
ing,
and
buf
fer
com
posit
ion
(pH)
on
the
dete
ctio
n of
ferr
ic io
ns. I
n th
e fu
ture
, the
goa
l is t
o us
e th
is m
etho
d to
ena
ble
sele
ctiv
e an
d se
nsiti
ve m
easu
rem
ents
of m
etal
lic io
ns in
env
ironm
enta
l sam
ples
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 104
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
acob
Sie
gel
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
137
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
Colle
ge P
ark
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Eng
inee
ring
and
Mat
hem
atic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ap
ply
to g
rad
scho
ol a
nd lo
ok fo
r em
ploy
men
t, de
cide
on
whi
ch b
ased
on
resu
lts o
f ap
plic
atio
ns.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Sof
twar
e an
d Sy
stem
s Div
ision
, Inf
orm
atio
n So
ftw
are
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Pe
ter B
ajcs
y, D
erek
Juba
Title
of T
alk:
Vi
ewin
g St
em C
ells
in T
hree
Dim
ensio
ns o
n a
Larg
e Sc
ale
Abst
ract
:
W
ith th
e cu
rren
t cap
abili
ties o
f con
foca
l las
er sc
anni
ng m
icro
scop
es, a
larg
e nu
mbe
r of 3
D im
ages
can
be
acqu
ired
rapi
dly.
Bio
logi
sts h
ave
been
leve
ragi
ng th
ese
rapi
d m
icro
scop
y im
agin
g ca
pabi
litie
s to
stud
y sh
ape
prop
ertie
s of
stem
cel
ls pl
aced
on
vario
us sc
affo
lds.
Whi
le th
e la
rge
num
ber o
f cel
ls pr
ovid
es st
atist
ical
sign
ifica
nce
to b
iolo
gica
l st
udie
s, th
ere
are
miss
ing
tool
s to
visu
ally
insp
ect a
larg
e nu
mbe
r of c
ells
simul
tane
ously
and
col
labo
rativ
ely.
To
add
ress
the
gap
in st
udyi
ng c
ell-s
caffo
ld in
tera
ctio
ns fr
om a
larg
e nu
mbe
r of 3
D im
ages
, we
have
cre
ated
a to
ol
calle
d th
e M
ass S
tem
Cel
l 3D
Web
Vie
wer
. Th
e de
sign
of th
e vi
ewer
allo
ws b
iolo
gist
s to
com
pare
cel
l sha
pes i
n th
ree
dim
ensio
ns a
t mul
tiple
reso
lutio
ns, i
dent
ify u
niqu
e an
d di
scrim
inat
ing
shap
e ch
arac
teris
tics f
or 1
0 sc
affo
ld
type
s and
abo
ut 1
00+
cells
per
scaf
fold
, and
shar
e al
l acq
uire
d an
d pr
oces
sed
cells
am
ong
geog
raph
ical
ly
dist
ribut
ed c
ell b
iolo
gist
s.
Mas
s Ste
m C
ell 3
D W
eb V
iew
er is
a c
lient
-ser
ver s
yste
m th
at c
onsis
ts o
f a m
ulti-
reso
lutio
n py
ram
id o
f cel
ls on
a
serv
er si
de fr
om w
hich
dat
a ar
e re
trie
ved
and
rend
ered
on
a cl
ient
side
in a
web
bro
wse
r. Th
e py
ram
id o
n a
serv
er
side
is bu
ilt u
sing
Java
and
the
Imag
eJ 3
D lib
rary
. The
clie
nt si
de is
writ
ten
in H
TML5
/Jav
aScr
ipt a
nd u
ses t
he X
TK
libra
ry fo
r ren
derin
g 3D
con
tent
. Due
to th
e lim
ited
disp
lay
scre
en si
ze in
pix
els a
nd th
e am
ount
of R
AM to
load
3D
imag
es o
n a
clie
nt si
de, a
dow
n-sa
mpl
ed v
ersio
n of
eac
h ce
ll is
retr
ieve
d fr
om th
e py
ram
id. T
he p
yram
id le
vel
is de
term
ined
bas
ed o
n th
e nu
mbe
r of c
ells
requ
este
d to
be
disp
laye
d on
a sc
reen
and
the
avai
labl
e RA
M. U
sing
this
appr
oach
, if t
he u
ser o
nly
choo
ses t
o di
spla
y on
e ce
ll th
en a
cel
l is d
ispla
yed
at fu
ll re
solu
tion
othe
rwise
a c
ell
is sh
own
at a
low
er re
solu
tion.
Fur
ther
mor
e, th
e 3D
vol
umet
ric m
ulti-
reso
lutio
n re
pres
enta
tion
of e
ach
cell
is co
nver
ted
to a
mes
h re
pres
enta
tion
cons
istin
g of
ver
tices
and
face
s whi
ch lo
wer
s the
mem
ory
requ
irem
ents
as
wel
l. T
he c
urre
nt p
roto
type
has
bee
n de
ploy
ed o
n on
e of
the
NIS
T in
tern
al se
rver
s and
is b
eing
eva
luat
ed b
y bi
olog
ists.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: N
asif
Sikd
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
144
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Bal
timor
e Co
unty
M
ajor
: Co
mpu
ter S
cien
ce
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I p
lan
on g
oing
to g
rad
scho
ol, p
ossib
ly to
UM
D Co
llege
Par
k. I’
m p
lann
ing
on p
ursu
ing
a ca
reer
in c
ompu
ter s
cien
ce a
fter
war
d.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Pro
cess
Eng
inee
ring
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. B
oons
erm
Kul
vatu
nyou
Title
of T
alk:
Se
man
tic R
efin
emen
t Too
l Dev
elop
men
t
Abst
ract
: Sy
stem
s int
egra
tion
is co
stly
and
tim
e co
nsum
ing.
One
of t
he re
ason
s is t
hat m
etho
ds u
sed
to sp
ecify
inte
rfac
e de
scrip
tions
(how
syst
ems s
houl
d co
mm
unic
ate
with
eac
h ot
her)
toda
y ar
e ty
pica
lly se
man
tical
ly im
prec
ise. T
his
issue
is w
orse
ned
in c
loud
bas
ed e
nviro
nmen
ts. S
mar
t man
ufac
turin
g sy
stem
s are
env
ision
ed to
be
dyna
mic
ally
co
mpo
sed
from
softw
are
and
hard
war
e co
mpo
nent
s pro
vide
d by
var
ious
ven
dors
, som
e of
whi
ch a
re c
loud
se
rvic
es; t
here
fore
, the
abi
lity
to p
reci
sely
spec
ify in
terf
ace
desc
riptio
ns is
impo
rtan
t for
the
succ
ess o
f the
smar
t m
anuf
actu
ring
visio
n. T
oday
’s in
terf
ace
desc
riptio
ns re
ly o
n m
essa
ging
stan
dard
s del
iver
ed in
XM
L sc
hem
as th
at
are
larg
e an
d ag
greg
ate.
Inte
rfac
es ty
pica
lly u
se o
nly
subs
ets o
f the
se sc
hem
as; h
owev
er, s
oftw
are
vend
ors h
ave
no w
ay to
pre
cise
ly d
ecla
re th
e su
bset
use
d by
a p
artic
ular
inte
rfac
e. In
this
rese
arch
, we
colla
bora
te w
ith th
e st
anda
rd d
evel
opm
ent o
rgan
izatio
n, n
amel
y O
pen
Appl
icat
ions
Gro
up (O
AG),
and
indu
stry
par
tner
s suc
h as
O
racl
e, In
for,
ADP,
and
Boe
ing
to d
evel
op a
met
hod
and
tool
to c
lose
the
gap.
The
met
hod
is an
ada
ptio
n of
the
UN
/CEF
ACT
Core
Com
pone
nt S
peci
ficat
ion
(CCS
also
kno
wn
as IS
O 1
5000
-5) a
nd it
s con
text
met
hodo
logy
. In
this
rese
arch
, we
alig
n O
AG st
anda
rds w
ith th
e CC
S m
eta-
mod
el, i
mpl
emen
t the
resu
lting
mod
el in
the
rela
tiona
l da
taba
se (R
DB) s
chem
a, im
port
OAG
stan
dard
s int
o th
e da
taba
se, a
nd im
plem
ent t
he c
onte
xt m
etho
dolo
gy in
the
sem
antic
refin
emen
t too
l. Th
e O
AG st
anda
rds w
ithin
the
RDB
are
the
synt
ax in
depe
nden
t rep
rese
ntat
ion
of th
e st
anda
rds.
The
refo
re, t
he se
man
tic re
finem
ent t
ool a
llow
s the
use
r to
prec
isely
spec
ify a
synt
ax in
depe
nden
t in
terf
ace
desc
riptio
n ac
cord
ing
to th
e ne
eds o
f his/
her i
nfor
mat
ion
syst
em, a
nd e
xpor
t it n
ot o
nly
in X
ML
Sche
ma
synt
ax, b
ut a
lso in
oth
er sy
ntax
es su
ch JS
ON
(whi
ch is
impo
rtan
t for
inte
grat
ion
with
mob
ile sy
stem
s). F
or m
y pr
ojec
t, I a
m u
tilizi
ng th
e CC
S m
etho
dolo
gy a
nd O
AG st
anda
rds i
n or
der t
o im
plem
ent s
oftw
are
whi
ch im
port
s the
st
anda
rd in
to th
e RD
B. O
ne o
f the
maj
or c
halle
nges
is to
dev
elop
a m
etho
d to
val
idat
e th
e im
port
ed c
onte
nt w
ith
the
orig
inal
, as w
e de
al w
ith p
artia
lly o
rder
ed c
onte
nt.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 105
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
axim
ilian
o Si
lva-
Feav
er
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
093
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
anta
Cla
ra U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): 1-
2 ye
ars w
orki
ng th
en g
rad
scho
ol
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ce
nter
for N
anos
cale
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy,
Nan
ofab
ricat
ion
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Vlad
imir
Aksy
uk
Title
of T
alk:
AF
M A
pplic
atio
ns o
f Opt
omec
hani
cal T
rans
duct
ion
by a
Mic
rodi
sk R
eson
ator
Abst
ract
: A
stan
dard
Ato
mic
For
ce M
icro
scop
e (A
FM) u
ses a
micr
osca
le c
antil
ever
with
a n
anos
cale
tip
to sc
an a
sam
ple’
s su
rfac
e. A
lase
r is f
ocus
ed o
n th
e en
d of
the
cant
ileve
r and
the
refle
cted
bea
m is
cap
ture
d in
a q
uad
dete
ctor
use
d to
det
ect b
eam
def
lect
ion.
To
prod
uce
an im
age
the
tip is
bro
ught
into
con
tact
with
the
surf
ace
and
held
at s
ome
set d
efle
ctio
n as
x a
nd y
stag
es m
ove
to sc
an a
n ar
ea o
f the
sam
ple.
As t
he ti
p en
coun
ters
surf
ace
topo
grap
hy o
r ot
her f
orce
s ind
uced
by
the
tip-s
ampl
e in
tera
ctio
n th
e be
am is
def
lect
ed m
ore
or le
ss th
an th
e se
tpoi
nt. I
n re
spon
se, a
feed
back
loop
mov
es a
z st
age
up o
r dow
n in
resp
onse
to th
e to
pogr
aphy
to c
reat
e an
imag
e of
su
rfac
e to
pogr
aphy
or o
ther
det
ecta
ble
tip-s
ampl
e fo
rces
. O
ur g
roup
has
des
igne
d an
alte
rnat
ive
way
to se
nse
cant
ileve
r def
lect
ion
usin
g ne
ar fi
eld
optic
s ins
tead
of t
he
trad
ition
al fa
r fie
ld b
eam
bou
ncin
g te
chni
que.
Our
des
ign
inte
grat
es a
mic
rodi
sk c
avity
reso
nato
r clo
se to
a
nano
scal
e ca
ntile
ver b
eam
. As t
he b
eam
is d
efle
cted
it sh
ifts t
he re
sona
nce
of th
e ca
vity
and
by
trac
king
the
reso
nanc
e sh
ift w
e ca
n de
tect
tip
mot
ion.
Thi
s con
figur
atio
n al
low
s us t
o ha
ve n
ano-
scal
e in
stea
d of
mic
ro-s
cale
be
ams w
hich
incr
ease
s the
Q fa
ctor
by
grea
tly d
ecre
asin
g ai
r dam
ping
. The
dec
reas
ed m
ass a
llow
s us t
o ha
ve v
ery
high
reso
nant
freq
uenc
ies w
ith m
uch
low
er sp
ring
cons
tant
s (k)
than
trad
ition
al m
icro
-sca
le le
vers
. The
se
diffe
renc
es w
ill a
llow
us t
o sc
an fa
ster
, pro
duce
hig
her r
esol
utio
n im
ages
, and
reso
lve
soft
er sa
mpl
es b
ette
r tha
n a
trad
ition
al A
FM c
antil
ever
. To
dem
onst
rate
our
tran
sduc
er’s
incr
ease
d pe
rfor
man
ce in
thes
e ar
eas w
e se
t up
test
s to
com
pare
our
syst
ems
perf
orm
ance
to c
omm
erci
ally
ava
ilabl
e tip
s. T
ests
incl
ude
fast
forc
e cu
rves
, fas
t and
hig
h pi
xel c
ount
imag
es, a
s w
ell a
s Pho
toth
erm
al In
duce
d Re
sona
nce
(PTI
R or
AFM
-IR) A
FM. I
n ad
ditio
n w
e im
aged
sam
ples
with
ver
y sm
all,
atom
ic sc
ale,
feat
ures
(Gra
phite
) as w
ell a
s ver
y so
ft sa
mpl
es (t
eflo
n ta
pe &
DN
A). O
ur re
sults
show
that
we
are
able
to sc
an a
s fas
t as o
r fas
ter t
han
the
fast
est t
ips o
n th
e m
arke
t and
onl
y se
em to
be
limite
d by
the
hard
war
e of
co
mm
erci
al A
FMs.
In a
dditi
on, w
e ar
e ab
le to
ach
ieve
thes
e fa
st sc
an ra
tes w
ith m
uch
less
sam
ple
dam
age
than
co
mm
erci
ally
ava
ilabl
e tip
s sca
nnin
g at
the
sam
e ra
te.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
nany
a Si
tara
m
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
085
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of R
oche
ster
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s, M
athe
mat
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
app
ly to
gra
duat
e sc
hool
in p
hysic
s
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ent D
ivisi
on,
Lase
r Coo
ling
and
Trap
ping
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Step
hen
Ecke
l
Title
of T
alk:
Cr
eatin
g a
Fast
Pie
zo-A
ctua
ted
Mirr
or fo
r the
Elim
inat
ion
of F
iber
Noi
se
Abst
ract
: W
hen
a di
lute
gas
of b
oson
s is c
oole
d to
tem
pera
ture
s clo
se to
abs
olut
e ze
ro, B
ose-
Eins
tein
con
dens
atio
n an
d su
perf
luid
ity o
ccur
. Our
lab
inve
stig
ates
supe
rflu
idity
and
the
char
acte
ristic
s of t
oroi
dal B
ose-
Eins
tein
con
dens
ates
(B
ECs)
. The
torio
idal
BEC
s are
stud
ied
afte
r firs
t cre
atin
g a
curr
ent a
nd th
en a
pply
ing
a “b
arrie
r” to
a p
ortio
n of
the
ring.
The
bar
rier i
s a fo
cuse
d la
ser b
eam
and
cre
ates
a re
pulsi
ve p
oten
tial.
The
goal
is to
cre
ate
a sm
all e
noug
h po
tent
ial b
arrie
r (<
1 m
icro
n) so
that
tunn
elin
g be
havi
or c
an o
ccur
in th
e BE
C. In
ord
er to
cre
ate
a su
ffici
ently
sm
all b
arrie
r, th
e di
ffrac
tion
limit
of th
e op
tics b
eing
use
d to
focu
s the
lase
r mus
t be
over
com
e. O
ne w
ay to
go
abou
t thi
s is t
o us
e a
diffe
rent
type
of b
arrie
r tha
t use
s tw
o la
ser b
eam
s ins
tead
of o
ne. O
ne p
robl
em th
at a
rises
in
this
setu
p is
that
the
detu
ning
bet
wee
n th
e tw
o be
ams o
f lig
ht m
ust b
e pr
ecise
ly c
ontr
olle
d.
To so
lve
this
issue
, a c
lose
d fe
edba
ck lo
op w
as d
esig
ned
and
built
usin
g a
prop
ortio
nal-i
nteg
ral-d
eriv
ativ
e (P
ID)
circ
uit,
whi
ch lo
cks t
he fr
eque
ncy
of o
ne b
eam
of l
ight
ont
o th
e se
t fre
quen
cy o
f the
oth
er b
eam
of l
ight
. Thi
s way
, if
the
phas
e of
one
bea
m c
hang
es, t
he o
ther
var
ies d
irect
ly w
ith it
, and
the
two
beam
s of l
ight
will
be
phas
e lo
cked
. In
addi
tion
to th
e fe
edba
ck lo
op c
ircui
t, a
piez
o-el
ectr
ic m
irror
with
a b
andw
idth
of ~
100
kHz w
as b
uilt.
W
hen
inst
alle
d in
an
inte
rfer
omet
er, t
he p
iezo
act
uate
d m
irror
can
be
cont
rolle
d by
the
feed
back
loop
circ
uit t
o m
inut
ely
adju
st th
e pa
th le
ngth
and
the
phas
e of
the
beam
s of l
ight
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 106
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: T
sega
Sol
omon
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d
Maj
or:
Bioc
hem
istry
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
1st Y
ear G
radu
ate
Scho
ol -
(Mill
igan
Sch
olar
)
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ph
D in
Bio
chem
istry
at t
he U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ials
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Bio
mol
ecul
ar M
easu
rem
ents
Div
ision
, Bi
opro
cess
Mea
sure
men
ts
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. J
effr
ey H
udge
ns
Title
of T
alk:
O
ptim
izing
Onl
ine
Prot
eoly
sis fo
r Hyd
roge
n De
uter
ium
Exc
hang
e-M
ass S
pect
rom
etry
(H
DX-M
S)
Abst
ract
: Hy
drog
en d
eute
rium
exc
hang
e-m
ass
spec
trom
etry
(HD
X-M
S) is
a u
sefu
l met
hod
for
stud
ying
pro
tein
str
uctu
re
and
dyna
mic
s. In
thi
s te
chni
que,
the
rat
e of
exc
hang
e of
am
ide
hydr
ogen
for
deu
teriu
m is
det
ecte
d by
mas
s sp
ectr
omet
ry (M
S) a
nd u
sed
as a
bas
is fo
r str
uctu
ral s
tudi
es. T
o ob
tain
hig
h re
solu
tion
stru
ctur
al in
form
atio
n, th
e ap
proa
ch in
volv
es th
e pr
oteo
lytic
dig
estio
n of
deu
teriu
m-la
bele
d pr
otei
n, fo
llow
ed b
y liq
uid
chro
mat
ogra
phy
(LC)
-M
S an
alys
is of
the
resu
lting
pep
tides
. The
dig
estio
n is
carr
ied
out u
nder
aci
dic
cond
ition
s w
ith a
n ac
id p
rote
ase
to
min
imize
the
back
-exc
hang
e of
deu
teriu
m to
hyd
roge
n. T
o ob
tain
use
ful r
esul
ts fr
om H
DX-M
S ex
perim
ents
, the
on
line
LC d
iges
tion
met
hod
need
s to
be
optim
ized
for e
ffici
ent d
iges
tion
of la
bele
d pr
otei
n. In
this
stud
y, s
ever
al
prot
eoly
tic e
nzym
e-im
mob
ilize
d co
lum
ns a
re t
este
d fo
r th
e di
gest
ion
of u
biqu
itin
and
Fab
(frag
men
t of
NIS
T-m
Ab).
The
effic
ienc
y of
labo
rato
ry p
repa
red
colu
mns
con
sistin
g of
pep
sin o
r pro
teas
e XI
II im
mob
ilize
d on
PO
ROS-
AL p
artic
les a
re c
ompa
red
with
com
mer
cial
ly a
vaila
ble
peps
in c
olum
ns, i
mm
obili
zed
on B
EH (e
thyl
-brid
ged
hybr
id)
or a
garo
se p
artic
les.
The
dig
estio
n ef
ficie
ncy
of th
ese
acid
pro
teas
e-im
mob
ilize
d co
lum
ns is
det
ecte
d by
tand
em
mas
s spe
ctro
met
ry (M
S/M
S) a
nd th
e re
sulti
ng d
ata
is an
alyz
ed b
y M
ASCO
T an
d By
onic
softw
are.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: R
ober
t Sta
ples
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Hoo
d Co
llege
M
ajor
: Do
uble
Maj
or in
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
an
d M
usic
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): W
ork,
whi
le a
tten
ding
gra
d sc
hool
par
t-tim
e, so
mew
here
in th
e M
D/DC
/VA
area
.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Com
pute
r Sec
urity
Div
ision
, Se
curit
y, V
alid
atio
n,
Test
ing,
and
Mea
sure
men
t Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. T
im H
all
Title
of T
alk:
M
assiv
e Vi
rtua
lizat
ion
and
Its E
ffect
s on
Soft
war
e En
trop
y So
urce
s
Abst
ract
: An
y da
ta e
ncry
ptio
n m
etho
d is
only
as s
ecur
e as
the
key
that
is u
sed
in it
s enc
odin
g. K
eys a
re o
ften
prod
uced
by
pseu
do-r
ando
m n
umbe
r gen
erat
ors t
hat u
se a
trul
y ra
ndom
“se
ed”
valu
e. T
hese
seed
val
ues m
ust b
e in
depe
nden
t, se
cure
, and
pre
fera
bly
acce
ssib
le o
n-de
man
d. T
he so
urce
s of t
hese
seed
val
ues a
re k
now
n as
“E
ntro
py S
ourc
es,”
bec
ause
they
are
sour
ces f
rom
whi
ch ra
ndom
ness
, or “
entr
opy,
” is
harv
este
d.
In re
cent
yea
rs, v
irtua
lizat
ion
has e
xplo
ded
in p
opul
arity
, as g
ener
al-p
urpo
se c
ompu
ters
hav
e be
com
e po
wer
ful
enou
gh to
run
mul
tiple
“vi
rtua
l” m
achi
nes o
n th
e sa
me
hard
war
e. W
hat I
wan
ted
to k
now
was
whe
ther
vi
rtua
lizat
ion
had
any
effe
ct, n
egat
ivel
y or
pos
itive
ly, o
n en
trop
y so
urce
s. G
iven
that
a si
ngle
pie
ce o
f phy
sical
ha
rdw
are
unde
rlies
ofte
n hu
ndre
ds o
f con
curr
ently
-run
ning
virt
ual m
achi
nes,
and
oft
en w
ithou
t the
virt
ualiz
ed
mac
hine
eve
n be
ing
awar
e of
it, i
s the
re a
ny se
curit
y vu
lner
abili
ty in
trod
uced
ther
e?
I use
d tw
o m
etho
ds to
find
any
effe
cts:
the
NIS
T SP
800
-90B
ent
ropy
est
imat
ion
test
s, a
nd a
cro
ss-c
orre
latio
n te
st.
I cre
ated
a b
asel
ine
set o
f dat
a us
ing
mul
tiple
inst
ance
s of t
he e
ntro
py so
urce
s run
ning
con
curr
ently
on
the
sam
e m
achi
ne; a
nd I
now
pla
n to
run
mul
tiple
inst
ance
s of i
dent
ical
virt
ual m
achi
nes o
n th
e sa
me
hard
war
e, a
nd
com
pare
the
resu
lts o
f the
90B
and
cro
ss-c
orre
latio
n te
sts.
Thro
ugh
this
rese
arch
, NIS
T ho
pes t
o ga
in v
alua
ble
insig
ht in
to a
ny p
ossib
le se
curit
y iss
ues s
urro
undi
ng
virt
ualiz
atio
n te
chno
logy
and
the
gene
ratio
n of
cry
ptog
raph
ic ra
ndom
num
bers
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 107
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
ara
Stou
dt
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
124
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
mith
Col
lege
M
ajor
: M
athe
mat
ics a
nd S
tatis
tics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pu
rsue
a P
h.D.
in S
tatis
tics;
Wor
k in
a G
over
nmen
t Lab
or I
ndus
try
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Div
isio
n,
and
Gro
up:
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy L
abor
ator
y, S
tatis
tical
Eng
inee
ring
Divi
sion,
Sta
tistic
al D
esig
n,
Anal
ysis,
and
Mod
elin
g Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch A
dvis
or:
Anto
nio
Poss
olo
Title
of T
alk:
Co
rrec
ting
Tem
pera
ture
Rec
ords
for B
iase
s Unr
elat
ed to
the
Clim
ate
Abst
ract
: Th
e se
ries o
f dai
ly su
rfac
e te
mpe
ratu
re m
easu
rem
ents
reco
rded
at a
met
eoro
logi
cal o
bser
ving
stat
ion
may
be
affe
cted
by
fact
ors t
hat a
re u
nrel
ated
to c
limat
e: fo
r exa
mpl
e, c
hang
es in
the
phys
ical
loca
tion
of th
e st
atio
n, g
row
th o
f nea
rby
vege
tatio
n, o
r cha
nges
in la
nd u
se in
its s
urro
undi
ngs,
incl
udin
g ur
bani
zatio
n an
d ro
ad c
onst
ruct
ion.
The
se fa
ctor
s bia
s th
e te
mpe
ratu
re re
cord
, and
may
mas
k an
y tr
end
in te
mpe
ratu
re th
at m
ay b
e an
exp
ress
ion
of c
limat
e ch
ange
. Sin
ce
thes
e fa
ctor
s and
the
spur
ious
effe
cts t
hey
indu
ce o
ften
are
undo
cum
ente
d, th
ere
is a
need
for d
ata
anal
ytic
pr
oced
ures
to c
orre
ct th
e te
mpe
ratu
re re
cord
s, w
hich
is g
ener
ally
refe
rred
to a
s hom
ogen
izatio
n.
Seve
ral e
xist
ing
appr
oach
es to
hom
ogen
izatio
n in
volv
e pr
elim
inar
y de
tect
ion
of c
hang
e-po
ints
, whi
ch a
re th
e ep
ochs
at
whi
ch sp
urio
us e
ffect
s kic
k in
. NIS
T st
atist
icia
ns h
ave
deve
lope
d an
alg
orith
m th
at h
omog
enize
s sur
face
tem
pera
ture
re
cord
s with
out e
xplic
itly
findi
ng c
hang
e-po
ints
firs
t. Th
is al
gorit
hm e
stim
ates
the
corr
ectio
n di
rect
ly a
nd a
lso
char
acte
rizes
the
unce
rtai
nty
surr
ound
ing
the
hom
ogen
izatio
n us
ing
the
stat
istic
al b
oots
trap
.
Durin
g th
e re
cent
SAM
SI W
orks
hop
on th
e In
tern
atio
nal S
urfa
ce T
empe
ratu
re In
itiat
ive,
whi
ch to
ok p
lace
at t
he
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter f
or A
tmos
pher
ic R
esea
rch
(Bou
lder
, Col
orad
o), a
wor
king
gro
up w
as o
rgan
ized
to e
xten
d th
e ra
nge
of
appl
icab
ility
and
impr
ove
this
algo
rithm
. An
addi
tiona
l goa
l was
to c
reat
e an
R p
acka
ge w
ith th
e fin
al p
rodu
ct. I
was
a
mem
ber o
f thi
s gro
up a
nd m
y m
ain
cont
ribut
ion
was
to d
eter
min
e th
e fo
rm o
f boo
tstr
appi
ng th
at is
mor
e ap
prop
riate
fo
r the
unc
erta
inty
qua
ntifi
catio
n: p
aram
etric
or n
on-p
aram
etric
. In
my
talk
I w
ill d
iscus
s the
clim
ate
scie
nce
mot
ivat
ion
for t
his w
ork,
whi
ch fa
lls u
nder
the
scop
e of
the
NIS
T Pr
ogra
m o
n Gr
eenh
ouse
Gas
es a
nd C
limat
e Sc
ienc
e M
easu
rem
ents
. I w
ill a
lso d
escr
ibe
an e
xam
ple
of th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f the
ho
mog
eniza
tion
algo
rithm
on
a re
al-w
orld
surf
ace
tem
pera
ture
dat
a se
t, w
ith re
cord
ed c
hang
e-po
ints
so th
at w
e ca
n ea
sily
asse
ss it
s acc
urac
y, a
nd c
ompa
re th
e tw
o al
tern
ativ
e bo
otst
rapp
ing
met
hods
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: K
yle
Strit
ch
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
148
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: L
ehig
h U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: O
hio
Stat
e, g
radu
ate
stud
ent
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I w
ill b
e at
tend
ing
grad
uate
scho
ol a
t Ohi
o St
ate
for a
M.S
in W
eldi
ng E
ngin
eerin
g.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Fu
nctio
nal N
anos
truc
ture
d M
ater
ials
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Ju
ne L
au a
nd V
irgil
Prov
enza
no
Title
of T
alk:
FO
RC M
easu
rem
ents
usin
g th
e An
omal
ous H
all E
ffect
: A F
eCuP
t L1 0
Cas
e St
udy
Abst
ract
: Th
e fir
st o
rder
reve
rsal
cur
ve (F
ORC
) met
hod
has b
een
used
for s
ever
al y
ears
to u
nder
stan
d th
e m
agne
tic
phen
omen
a in
var
ious
mag
netic
syst
ems.
The
con
vent
iona
l met
hod
for t
akin
g FO
RC m
easu
rem
ents
invo
lves
the
use
of a
vib
ratin
g sa
mpl
e m
agne
tom
eter
(VSM
). H
owev
er, i
t has
rece
ntly
bee
n di
scov
ered
that
FO
RC
mea
sure
men
ts c
an a
lso b
e ac
quire
d us
ing
a tr
ansp
ort t
echn
ique
such
as t
he a
nom
alou
s Hal
l Effe
ct (A
HE).
The
FO
RCs g
ener
ated
from
bot
h of
thes
e m
etho
ds re
veal
man
y sim
ilarit
ies a
nd k
ey d
iffer
ence
s tha
t nee
d to
be
mor
e fu
lly e
xplo
red
and
unde
rsto
od.
The
FORC
s of a
serie
s of f
ive
FeCu
Pt fi
lm sa
mpl
es, p
revi
ously
subj
ecte
d to
rapi
d th
erm
al a
nnea
ling
(RTA
) in
the
tem
pera
ture
rang
e of
300
o C to
400
o C in
25o C
incr
emen
ts, w
ere
mea
sure
d. W
ithin
this
tem
pera
ture
rang
e, th
e Fe
CuPt
syst
em tr
ansf
orm
s fro
m th
e di
sord
ered
A1
phas
e at
300
o C to
the
orde
red
L10 p
hase
at 4
00o C.
Ful
l in
terp
reta
tion
of th
e FO
RCs a
re b
eyon
d th
e sc
ope
of th
is pr
ojec
t, ho
wev
er, h
ypot
hese
s can
be
mad
e fo
r the
re
ason
s beh
ind
the
diffe
renc
es o
bser
ved
in th
e sh
ape
of th
e FO
RCs f
or th
e sa
mpl
es a
nnea
led
at th
e fiv
e di
ffere
nt
tem
pera
ture
s. A
t a la
ter t
ime,
the
FORC
s mea
sure
d by
the
AHE
met
hod
will
ulti
mat
ely
be fu
lly in
terp
rete
d an
d co
mpa
red
to th
e co
nven
tiona
l VSM
mea
sure
men
ts to
bet
ter u
nder
stan
d th
e sim
ilarit
ies a
nd d
iffer
ence
s bet
wee
n th
e tw
o m
etho
ds.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 108
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
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, 201
4
Nam
e: M
ara
Stut
zman
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
4 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
St.
Ola
f Col
lege
M
ajor
: Ec
onom
ics
Conc
entr
atio
ns:
Stat
istic
s & C
hina
Stu
dies
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): I w
ill st
udy
abro
ad a
t Eas
t Chi
na N
orm
al U
nive
rsity
in S
hang
hai f
or th
e Fa
ll 20
14 se
mes
ter.
Afte
r gra
duat
ion
I pla
n to
att
end
grad
uate
scho
ol.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Sta
tistic
al E
ngin
eerin
g Di
visio
n
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Stev
e Lu
nd &
Ant
onio
Pos
solo
Title
of T
alk:
St
em C
ell E
num
erat
ion:
Usin
g Si
mul
atio
ns to
Info
rm E
xper
imen
tal D
esig
n
Abst
ract
: St
em c
ells
are
used
in b
asic
scie
ntifi
c re
sear
ch, r
egen
erat
ing
hum
an o
r ani
mal
tiss
ues,
and
cel
l the
rapy
, whe
re th
e ce
lls a
re in
ject
ed in
to a
pat
ient
’s b
ody
to fa
cilit
ate
reco
very
from
dise
ase
or in
jury
. Usin
g th
e ap
prop
riate
num
ber
of c
ells
is cr
ucia
l in
both
the
deve
lopm
ent a
nd a
pplic
atio
n of
new
trea
tmen
ts. T
he c
urre
nt c
ell e
num
erat
ion
indu
stry
stan
dard
is th
e He
moc
ytom
eter
, a m
anua
l cou
ntin
g m
etho
d w
hich
has
bee
n us
ed fo
r ove
r 100
yea
rs; t
his
tech
niqu
e is
time
and
labo
r int
ensiv
e, a
nd p
rone
to h
uman
err
or a
nd b
ias.
Typi
cally
, new
cel
l cou
ntin
g m
etho
ds
are
test
ed fo
r acc
urac
y by
com
parin
g th
eir r
esul
ts to
thos
e of
the
Hem
ocyt
omet
er. I
n th
is st
udy,
pre
cisio
n an
d re
lativ
e ac
cura
cy o
f bot
h th
e He
moc
ytom
eter
and
a n
ew a
utom
ated
met
hod,
the
Nuc
leoC
ount
er 2
00, w
ere
estim
ated
in th
e ab
senc
e of
a re
fere
nce
mea
sure
men
t or g
roun
d tr
uth
cell
coun
t. Fo
r eac
h m
etho
d, st
em c
ell
conc
entr
atio
ns w
ere
estim
ated
usin
g a
serie
s of k
now
n d i
lutio
ns o
rigin
atin
g fr
om a
stoc
k st
em c
ell s
olut
ion.
The
re
lativ
e ac
cura
cy o
f eac
h m
etho
d w
as e
valu
ated
by
exam
inin
g th
e pr
opor
tiona
lity
of th
e re
sulti
ng c
ell
conc
entr
atio
ns to
the
know
n di
lutio
n fr
actio
ns.
Initi
al e
xper
imen
tal d
ata
show
ed th
e N
ucle
oCou
nter
to b
e fa
r m
ore
prec
ise a
nd n
o le
ss re
lativ
ely
accu
rate
than
the
Hem
ocyt
omet
er; h
owev
er, t
hese
con
clus
ions
wer
e w
eake
ned
by th
e la
rge
unce
rtai
ntie
s ass
ocia
ted
with
the
Hem
ocyt
omet
er re
sults
. A
simul
atio
n st
udy
was
co
nduc
ted
to il
lust
rate
the
effe
ct o
f alte
rnat
ive
expe
rimen
tal d
esig
ns, i
nclu
ding
mea
surin
g ce
ll co
ncen
trat
ions
at
addi
tiona
l dilu
tion
frac
tions
or a
dditi
onal
repl
icat
es a
t eac
h di
lutio
n fr
actio
n. B
ased
on
thes
e sim
ulat
ions
, the
cel
l en
umer
atio
n ex
pert
s will
con
duct
a re
desig
ned
expe
rimen
t whi
le o
bser
ving
fisc
al a
nd ti
me
rest
rain
ts.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: K
evin
R. T
alle
y G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
2 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Boi
se S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seco
nd d
egre
e se
ekin
g se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
: Ph
D se
ekin
g in
mat
eria
l sci
ence
and
eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
:
Divi
sion
:
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Mat
eria
ls M
easu
rem
ent S
cien
ce D
ivisi
on
Mat
eria
ls fo
r Ene
rgy
& S
usta
inab
le D
evel
opm
ent G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch A
dvis
or:
Dr
. Win
nie
Won
g-N
g
Title
of T
alk:
O
ptim
izatio
n an
d Ch
arac
teriz
atio
n of
Per
ovsk
ite O
xide
s as P
oten
tial
Ther
moe
lect
ric M
ater
ials
Abst
ract
: Hi
gh e
nerg
y co
st, g
reen
hous
e ga
s em
issio
n, a
nd c
limat
e ch
ange
hav
e in
crea
sed
inte
rest
in e
nerg
y co
nver
sion
mat
eria
ls. T
herm
oele
ctric
mat
eria
ls pr
oduc
e an
ele
ctric
pot
entia
l whe
n ex
pose
d to
a te
mpe
ratu
re g
radi
ent,
enab
ling
the
reco
very
of l
ost e
nerg
y, a
nd e
nerg
y ef
ficie
ncy
impr
ovem
ent.
The
conv
ersio
n ef
ficie
ncy
of
ther
moe
lect
ric m
ater
ials
is re
late
d to
the
figur
e of
mer
it ZT
, S2
the
Seeb
eck
coef
ficie
nt (v
olta
ge
gene
rate
d pe
r deg
ree
of te
mpe
ratu
re d
iffer
ence
), is
the
elec
tric
al c
ondu
ctiv
ity, a
nd
is th
e th
erm
al
cond
uctiv
ity. R
are-
eart
h co
balt
pero
vski
te o
xide
s are
bei
ng in
vest
igat
ed a
s the
rmoe
lect
ric m
ater
ials
due
to lo
w
ther
mal
con
duct
ivity
and
hig
h Se
ebec
k co
effic
ient
val
ues.
Effo
rts h
ave
been
mad
e to
incr
ease
the
elec
tric
al
cond
uctiv
ity b
y pa
rtia
l sub
stitu
tion
of c
obal
t with
var
ious
tran
sitio
n m
etal
s. In
effo
rt to
opt
imize
the
conv
ersio
n ef
ficie
ncy
of th
ese
mat
eria
ls, tw
o ap
proa
ches
wer
e us
ed to
inve
stig
ate
the
stru
ctur
e-pr
oper
ty re
latio
nshi
p.
Firs
t, a
trad
ition
al m
etho
d of
solid
stat
e pr
oces
sing
was
use
d on
the
RCo .
75M
.25O
3 (R=
La,P
r,Nd
&
M=C
o,N
i,Fe,
Mn,
Cr) s
yste
m. S
ubse
quen
t X-r
ay a
nd n
eutr
on p
owde
r diff
ract
ion
wer
e us
ed in
det
erm
inat
ion
of th
e cr
ysta
l str
uctu
res,
and
TEM
ana
lysis
was
foun
d to
supp
ort t
he re
sults
. Mag
netic
susc
eptib
ility
mea
sure
men
ts
show
ed th
e ex
isten
ce o
f var
ious
mag
netic
stru
ctur
es, a
nd lo
w te
mpe
ratu
re n
eutr
on st
udie
s wer
e su
bseq
uent
ly
perf
orm
ed. S
truc
tura
l fea
ture
s wer
e co
rrel
ated
to th
e Se
ebec
k co
effic
ient
, res
istiv
ity, a
nd th
erm
al c
ondu
ctiv
ity
mea
sure
men
ts.
Seco
nd, a
hig
h-th
roug
hput
com
bina
toria
l tec
hniq
ue w
as e
mpl
oyed
. In
this
appr
oach
a p
ulse
d la
ser d
epos
ition
te
chni
que
was
use
d to
epi
taxi
ally
gro
w a
LaC
o (1-
x)Cr
xO3-
z com
bina
toria
l thi
n fil
m li
brar
y on
to a
sing
le c
ryst
al L
aAlO
3 su
bstr
ate
usin
g La
CoO
3 and
LaC
rO3 t
arge
ts. X
-ray
diff
ract
ion
was
use
d to
ver
ify th
e ex
isten
ce o
f a si
ngle
pha
se
solid
solu
tion,
and
app
roxi
mat
e th
e co
mpo
sitio
n ra
nge
(x) a
cros
s the
film
libr
ary.
Cus
tom
NIS
T sc
reen
ing
met
rolo
gy w
as u
sed
to sc
reen
the
com
bina
toria
l film
libr
ary
for t
he S
eebe
ck c
oeffi
cien
t and
resis
tivity
val
ues.
Usin
g th
is hi
gh-t
hrou
ghpu
t tec
hniq
ue w
e w
ere
able
to id
entif
y po
tent
ial c
ompo
sitio
ns o
f int
eres
t for
furt
her
inve
stig
atio
n by
bul
k sy
nthe
sis.
In th
is ta
lk, a
disc
ussio
n w
ill b
e pr
esen
ted
on th
e st
ruct
ural
feat
ures
, and
pro
pert
y m
easu
rem
ents
resu
lting
from
th
e se
rial,
and
high
-thr
ough
put c
ombi
nato
rial m
etho
d.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 109
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Tim
Tay
lor
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
172
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
olor
ado
Scho
ol o
f Min
es
Maj
or:
Engi
neer
ing
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l at t
he C
olor
ado
Scho
ol o
f Min
es in
Ele
ctric
al E
ngin
eerin
g\
Sens
or R
esea
rch
and
Deve
lopm
ent
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, S
emic
ondu
ctor
Ele
ctro
nics
Div
ision
, CM
OS
and
Nove
l Dev
ices
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Joe
Kopa
nski
Title
of T
alk:
In
terf
acin
g a
Char
ge B
ased
Cap
acita
nce
Mea
sure
men
t Dev
ice
with
Ato
mic
For
ce
Mic
rosc
opy
Abst
ract
: As
Moo
re’s
law
con
tinue
s to
prov
e its
elf c
orre
ct, c
hara
cter
izatio
n of
dev
ices
bec
omes
mor
e an
d m
ore
diffi
cult.
Sm
alle
r dev
ices
mea
n sm
alle
r cha
ract
erist
ics s
uch
as c
apa c
itanc
e. N
orm
al m
etho
ds o
f mea
surin
g ca
paci
tanc
e vi
a im
peda
nce
do n
ot h
ave
the
reso
lutio
n ne
cess
ary,
due
to th
e pa
rasit
ic c
apac
itanc
es a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith c
onne
ctio
n w
ires.
Cha
rge
Base
d Ca
paci
tanc
e M
easu
rem
ent (
CBCM
) is a
new
met
hod
of e
asily
cha
ract
erizi
ng th
e ca
paci
tanc
e of
a d
evic
e do
wn
to th
e at
to-F
arad
s by
avoi
ding
and
nul
ling
para
sitic
cap
acita
nces
. Th
is is
done
by
mea
surin
g th
e av
erag
e cu
rren
t by
char
ging
and
disc
harg
ing
a de
vice
like
a c
apac
itor i
n pa
ralle
l to
a re
fere
nce
or c
ontr
ol b
ranc
h.
The
goal
of t
his p
roje
ct is
to p
roto
type
a m
odul
ar C
BCM
dev
ice
to in
terf
ace
with
an
Atom
ic F
orce
Mic
rosc
ope
(AFM
) and
an
ampl
ifier
circ
uit.
The
AFM
will
allo
w fo
r a ti
p, 1
0s o
f nm
s wid
e, to
com
e in
con
tact
with
a te
st
devi
ce, a
nd th
en C
BCM
will
be
used
. Th
e am
plifi
er c
ircui
t will
am
plify
a d
iffer
entia
l out
put t
o al
low
for e
asy
and
accu
rate
mea
sure
men
ts o
f cap
acita
nces
of a
ny n
ano-
scal
e st
ruct
ure.
To
achi
eve
this,
sim
ulat
ions
in S
PICE
wer
e co
mpl
eted
to a
rriv
e at
a c
ombi
natio
n of
a d
iffer
entia
l am
plifi
er a
nd a
n am
plifi
ed in
tegr
ator
. To
pro
toty
pe, a
pr
inte
d ci
rcui
t boa
rd w
as d
esig
ned
to a
llow
for t
estin
g of
the
circ
uit p
erfo
rman
ce. A
n ov
ervi
ew o
f eac
h st
ep in
the
proc
ess w
ill b
e di
scus
sed.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: Y
ing-
Heng
(Sum
mer
) Tei
n G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
8 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
The
Uni
vers
ity o
f Tex
as a
t Aus
tin
Maj
or:
Chem
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
ad S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
En
ergy
and
Ele
ctro
nic
Mat
eria
ls Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dani
el S
unda
y
Title
of T
alk:
Th
e Ch
arac
teriz
atio
n of
Rel
ativ
e Hy
drog
en-B
ondi
ng S
tren
gths
in A
B Bl
ock
copo
lym
er/C
Ho
mop
olym
er B
lend
s Ab
stra
ct:
Dire
cted
self-
asse
mbl
y (D
SA) o
f blo
ck c
opol
ymer
s has
bee
n ex
tens
ivel
y st
udie
d as
an
adva
nced
pat
tern
ing
met
hod
for e
lect
roni
c de
vice
s. A
key
cha
lleng
e re
mai
ning
bef
ore
DSA
can
be im
plem
ente
d is
redu
cing
the
patt
erni
ng p
itch
leng
th,
whi
le a
lso d
ecre
asin
g th
e lin
e-ed
ge r
ough
ness
(LE
R).
One
app
roac
h to
for
min
g sm
alle
r fe
atur
es a
nd
decr
easin
g LE
R is
to u
se p
re-e
xist
ing
mat
eria
ls to
pro
duce
an
AB b
lock
cop
olym
er/C
hom
opol
ymer
ble
nd th
at h
as
sele
ctiv
e hy
drog
en-b
ondi
ng in
tera
ctio
ns. T
he o
bjec
tive
of th
is pr
ojec
t is
to q
uant
itativ
ely
char
acte
rize
the
rela
tive
hydr
ogen
-bon
ding
str
engt
hs o
f pol
ymer
ble
nds
via
four
ier t
rans
form
infr
ared
spe
ctro
scop
y (F
TIR)
and
to fi
nd th
e Fl
ory-
AB b
lock
cop
olym
er/C
hom
opol
ymer
ble
nd v
ia s
mal
l-ang
le n
eutr
on
scat
terin
g (S
ANS)
. Va
rious
com
posit
ions
of
poly
styr
ene-
bloc
k-po
ly(m
ethy
l m
etha
cryl
ate)
(PS
-b-P
MM
A) w
ith p
oly(
4-vi
nylp
heno
l) (P
VPh)
wer
e qu
antit
ativ
ely
char
acte
rized
by
rela
tive
hydr
ogen
-bon
ding
str
engt
hs.
PS-b
-PM
MA
is a
wid
ely
acce
ssib
le b
lock
cop
olym
er t
hat
has
a w
eak
segr
egat
ion
stre
ngth
; ho
wev
er, b
y ad
ding
PVP
h in
the
ble
nd, t
he
PMM
A bl
ock
can
sele
ctiv
ely
asso
ciat
e w
ith P
VPh
via
hydr
ogen
bon
ding
. Bas
ed o
n pr
evio
us s
tudi
es o
f di
ffere
nt
poly
mer
ble
nds,
it’s
hyp
othe
sized
that
thro
ugh
the
sele
ctiv
e as
soci
atio
n of
a lo
w m
olec
ular
wei
ght h
omop
olym
er
with
one
blo
ck o
f the
blo
ck c
opol
ymer
, the
add
ition
of t
he h
omop
olym
er c
an o
rder
a d
isord
ered
blo
ck c
opol
ymer
to
form
smal
ler p
itche
s in
DSA.
U
sing
FTIR
, th
e re
lativ
e hy
drog
en-b
ondi
ng s
tren
gths
are
stu
died
as
a fu
nctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
and
are
qu
antit
ativ
ely
char
acte
rized
by
findi
ng th
e fr
actio
n of
hyd
roge
n-bo
nded
car
bony
ls in
the
poly
mer
ble
nd. T
he sa
me
sam
ples
wer
e ex
amin
ed w
ith S
ANS
to c
alcu
labe
twee
n fr
actio
n of
hyd
roge
n bo
nds a
nd c
hang
e in
the
inte
ract
ion
para
met
er w
ill b
e ex
amin
ed.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 110
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
lake
Thr
ift
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
115
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: F
ayet
tevi
lle S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Chem
istry
/Che
mica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Tr
ansf
er to
NC
Stat
e in
Fal
l 201
5.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Mat
eria
ls an
d St
ruct
ural
Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Po
lym
eric
Mat
eria
ls Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. S
teph
anie
Wat
son
Title
of T
alk:
Ex
amin
ing
Elec
tric
al C
able
Deg
rada
tion
in N
ucle
ar P
ower
Pla
nts
Abst
ract
: In
nuc
lear
pow
er p
lant
s, el
ectr
ical
cab
les p
erfo
rm c
ritic
al ta
sks s
uch
as c
onve
ying
pow
er, f
acili
tatin
g co
mm
unic
atio
n fu
nctio
ns, a
nd m
onito
ring
the
stat
us o
f the
reac
tor.
As su
ch, t
heir
perf
orm
ance
is v
ital f
or th
e sa
fe
oper
atio
n of
a n
ucle
ar p
ower
pla
nt. E
lect
rical
cab
les i
n nu
clea
r pow
er p
lant
s are
oft
en su
bjec
ted
to a
var
iety
of
dam
agin
g co
nditi
ons s
uch
as h
igh
tem
pera
ture
s and
hum
idity
, wat
er a
nd li
ght e
xpos
ure,
and
radi
atio
n. P
rem
atur
e el
ectr
ical
cab
le fa
ilure
s hav
e be
en o
bser
ved
in n
ucle
ar p
ower
pla
nts a
nd h
ave
raise
d in
tere
st in
inve
stig
atin
g th
e se
rvic
e lif
e of
ele
ctric
al c
able
s. T
o th
is en
d, th
e po
lym
er ja
cket
s and
insu
latio
n of
nin
e di
ffere
nt ty
pes o
f cab
les
com
mon
ly u
sed
in n
ucle
ar p
ower
pla
nts w
ere
char
acte
rized
by
ATR-
FTIR
(Att
enua
ted
tota
l ref
lect
ion
- Fou
rier
tran
sfor
m in
frar
ed) s
pect
rosc
opy,
den
sity,
and
inde
nter
mod
ulus
. The
ele
ctric
al c
able
s wer
e th
en a
ged
in th
ree
diffe
rent
env
ironm
ents
: 55°
C an
d 75
% re
lativ
e hu
mid
ity, s
ubm
erge
d in
tap
wat
er a
t 75°
C, o
r sub
mer
ged
in
deio
nize
d w
ater
at 7
5°C.
The
effe
cts o
f the
ele
vate
d te
mpe
ratu
re a
nd h
umid
ity o
r exp
osur
e to
wat
er w
ere
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
the
sam
e ch
arac
teriz
atio
n m
etho
d de
scrib
ed. D
egra
ded
cabl
es sh
owed
litt
le to
no
chan
ge
in d
ensit
y, a
dec
reas
e in
inde
nter
mod
ulus
, and
an
incr
ease
in c
arbo
nyl b
onds
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
enja
min
Tom
s G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
1 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Okl
ahom
a M
ajor
: Ci
vil E
ngin
eerin
g an
d M
eteo
rolo
gy
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Af
ter f
inish
ing
my
doub
le m
ajor
, I in
tend
to im
med
iate
ly p
ursu
e a
PhD
in e
ither
app
lied
fluid
dyn
amic
s or h
ydro
logy
/hyd
rom
eteo
rolo
gy in
terd
iscip
linar
y st
udy.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry, F
ire R
esea
rch
Divi
sion,
Eng
inee
red
Fire
Saf
ety
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Rand
y M
cDer
mot
t
Title
of T
alk:
La
rge-
Eddy
Sim
ulat
ion
of F
low
Ove
r a B
ackw
ard
Faci
ng S
tep
Abst
ract
: La
rge-
eddy
sim
ulat
ion
(LES
) of t
urbu
lent
flow
ove
r a b
ackw
ard
faci
ng st
ep is
stud
ied
usin
g th
e Fi
re D
ynam
ics
Sim
ulat
or (F
DS).
FDS
is a
NIS
T in
-hou
se C
ompu
tatio
nal F
luid
Dyn
amic
s (CF
D) m
odel
that
util
izes L
ES to
mod
el lo
w-
Mac
h nu
mbe
r flo
ws d
riven
by
com
bust
ion
heat
rele
ase
and
buoy
ancy
forc
es.
LES
effic
ient
ly si
mul
ates
turb
ulen
t flo
w b
y di
rect
ly re
pres
entin
g th
e la
rge-
scal
e tu
rbul
ent m
otio
ns, w
hile
mod
elin
g sm
alle
r sca
le m
otio
ns w
ith e
ddy
visc
osity
mod
els.
Rec
ently
, FDS
has
bee
n ap
plie
d to
urb
an c
anop
y m
odel
ing
and
win
d en
gine
erin
g. A
s suc
h, it
is
impo
rtan
t to
stud
y ge
omet
rical
ly in
fluen
ced
flow
s, in
clud
ing
the
appr
opria
te sp
ecifi
catio
n of
bou
ndar
y co
nditi
ons
and
resu
ltant
dow
nstr
eam
flow
evo
lutio
n.
For t
he p
rese
nt st
udy,
a se
t of c
ases
is d
esig
ned
to te
st th
e in
fluen
ce o
f grid
reso
lutio
n, in
let t
urbu
lenc
e, w
all
boun
dary
trea
tmen
ts, a
nd e
ddy
visc
osity
mod
els.
The
com
puta
tiona
l res
ults
are
val
idat
ed w
ith e
xper
imen
tal
data
. A
grid
reso
lutio
n of
a
dequ
atel
y m
odel
ed th
e flo
w, a
lthou
gh a
dou
blin
g of
reso
lutio
n re
sulte
d in
th
e re
aliza
tion
of sm
alle
r sca
le k
inem
atic
feat
ures
. Th
e in
let t
urbu
lenc
e co
nditi
ons w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
be
the
mos
t sig
nific
ant c
ontr
ibut
or to
dow
nstr
eam
flow
evo
lutio
n. R
eatt
achm
ent l
engt
h w
as fo
und
to b
e di
rect
ly re
late
d to
the
mag
nitu
de o
f RM
S ve
loci
ty in
inje
cted
turb
ulen
ce.
The
choi
ce o
f edd
y vi
scos
ity m
odel
was
foun
d to
hav
e ne
glig
ible
influ
ence
, whi
le th
e no
-slip
con
ditio
n an
d an
LES
log-
law
-bas
ed w
all f
unct
ion
perf
orm
ed si
mila
rly fo
r the
gi
ven
flow
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 111
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
ames
R. T
orre
s G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
0 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Row
an U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Uni
vers
ity o
f Miss
ouri,
1st
yea
r gra
duat
e st
uden
t
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Cu
rren
tly a
ccep
ted
to M
U a
s a R
esea
rch
assis
tant
wor
king
at t
he M
U Re
sear
ch R
eact
or.
Ther
e I w
ill e
arn
my
PhD
in P
hysic
s and
pos
sibly
wor
k fo
r NRC
or o
ther
rela
ted
field
. N
IST
Labo
rato
ry, D
ivis
ion,
an
d G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, R
eact
or O
pera
tions
and
Eng
inee
ring
Grou
p
NIS
T Re
sear
ch A
dvis
or:
Mic
hael
Mid
dlet
on
Title
of T
alk:
Co
ld S
ourc
e En
gine
ers:
Mai
nten
ance
and
Ope
ratio
n of
the
PeeW
ee C
old
Sour
ce
Abst
ract
: A
Cold
Sou
rce
Engi
neer
has
the
resp
onsib
ility
of o
pera
ting,
mai
ntai
ning
, and
upg
radi
ng th
e Co
ld N
eutr
on S
ourc
e (C
NS)
on
the
Neu
tron
-Bea
m S
plit
Core
Rea
ctor
(NBS
R). F
or th
e fir
st p
roje
ct, r
eact
or e
ngin
eers
do
not h
ave
suffi
cien
t te
mpe
ratu
re c
ontr
ol o
f hel
ium
affe
ctin
g th
e th
erm
osip
hon
at th
e sm
all B
T-9
cold
sour
ce, n
ickn
amed
“Pee
Wee
.” A
col
d so
urce
, suc
h as
Pee
Wee
at t
he N
CNR,
is a
mod
erat
or p
rovi
ding
“co
ld,”
or l
ow e
nerg
y, n
eutr
ons w
hen
plac
ed n
ear t
he
reac
tor c
ore.
Low
flow
of c
ryog
enic
hel
ium
cau
ses e
xces
s hea
t abs
orpt
ion
for w
hich
a so
lutio
n is
the
inst
alla
tion
of a
by
pass
with
a p
rogr
amm
able
cry
ogen
ic v
alve
supp
lyin
g gr
eate
r hel
ium
mas
s flo
w ra
te.
For t
he se
cond
pro
ject
, man
ual o
pera
tion
of v
acuu
m li
nes i
s nee
ded
whe
n th
e Pr
ogra
mm
able
Log
ic C
ontr
olle
r (PL
C)—
the
I/O d
evic
e op
erat
ing
vacu
um—
is of
f (m
ost l
ikel
y du
ring
mai
nten
ance
of B
T-9)
. Th
e Pe
eWee
vac
uum
now
has
man
ual
oper
atio
n an
d aw
aits
the
inst
alla
tion
of a
new
LD
2 sou
rce.
Spe
cific
ally
, a p
ropo
sed
conv
ersio
n of
the
NBS
R to
Low
-En
riche
d U
rani
um (L
EU) f
uel w
ill c
ause
a 1
0% d
rop
in n
eutr
on fl
ux. T
o of
fset
the
loss
, the
col
d so
urce
mod
erat
or w
ill b
e sw
itche
d fr
om li
quid
hyd
roge
n (L
H 2) t
o liq
uid
deut
eriu
m (L
D 2).
Afte
r thi
s con
vers
ion,
the
vacu
um li
nes w
ill se
rve
a fe
w
purp
oses
incl
udin
g pr
even
tion
of h
eat t
rans
fer f
rom
hel
ium
to L
D 2 a
nd p
reve
ntio
n of
flam
mab
le m
ixtu
re o
f LD 2
and
air.
Co
ntam
inat
ion
of v
acuu
m w
ill p
reve
nt re
acto
r sta
rtup
for s
ever
al d
ays,
and
so m
aint
aini
ng c
lean
vac
uum
line
s is
esse
ntia
l at a
ll tim
es
Fina
lly, i
n up
grad
ing
to n
ew so
ftw
are,
CN
S al
arm
s nee
ded
to b
e up
date
d to
be
mor
e in
tuiti
ve fo
r tra
inin
g an
d op
erat
ion.
Th
e so
lutio
n is
to se
t, up
date
, and
che
ck e
very
ala
rm u
sing
the
RS L
OGI
X 50
00 la
dder
logi
c so
ftwar
e.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: K
eele
y Ire
ne M
ay T
ownl
ey-S
mith
G
rant
Num
ber
N/A
Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Lam
ar U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s and
Ele
ctric
al E
ngin
eerin
g Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Seni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l pur
suin
g a
PhD
in p
hysic
s. Ev
entu
al c
aree
r in
atom
ic p
hysic
s stu
dyin
g lig
ht
mat
ter i
nter
actio
n.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, Q
uant
um M
easu
rem
ents
Div
ision
, Ato
mic
Sp
ectr
osco
py G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Dr
. Gill
ian
Nav
e
Title
of T
alk:
Hy
perf
ine
Stru
ctur
e in
Sin
gly
Ioni
zed
Man
gane
se
Abst
ract
: At
omic
spec
tros
copy
is th
e an
alys
is of
ligh
t em
itted
from
a h
ot p
lasm
a us
ed to
det
erm
ine
its p
rope
rtie
s and
co
mpo
sitio
n an
d th
us it
has
impo
rtan
t app
licat
ions
in a
stro
phys
ics.
Cur
rent
ly, t
here
is a
n on
-goi
ng p
roje
ct in
the
Atom
ic S
pect
rosc
opy
Grou
p at
NIS
T to
obt
ain
com
preh
ensiv
e sp
ectr
al d
ata
for a
ll of
the
singl
y io
nize
d iro
n gr
oup
elem
ents
and
acq
uire
mor
e ac
cura
te e
nerg
y le
vels
and
wav
elen
gths
. The
hea
vy a
bund
ance
of t
he ir
on g
roup
el
emen
ts a
nd th
eir c
ontr
ibut
ions
to a
wid
e ra
nge
of st
ella
r spe
ctra
mak
es th
em o
f int
eres
t for
ast
roph
ysic
al
obse
rvat
ions
. How
ever
, the
exi
stin
g sp
ectr
osco
pic
data
for M
n II
does
not
agr
ee w
ell w
ith th
e ex
perim
enta
l
mor
e ac
cura
te v
alue
s are
nee
ded
to b
ette
r fit
the
mod
el.
Sinc
e m
anga
nese
has
an
odd
num
ber o
f nuc
leon
s, it
s spe
ctra
l lin
es g
ener
ally
exh
ibit
hype
rfin
e st
ruct
ure
(HFS
), a
rela
tivist
ic e
ffect
due
to in
tera
ctio
n be
twee
n th
e m
agne
tic m
omen
t of t
he n
ucle
us a
nd th
e or
bitin
g el
ectr
ons.
If
hype
rfin
e st
ruct
ure
is co
mpl
etel
y ne
glec
ted,
then
der
ived
abu
ndan
ces i
n st
ars m
ay b
e ov
eres
timat
ed b
y as
muc
h as
thre
e or
ders
of m
agni
tude
and
if ro
ughl
y es
timat
ed, a
bund
ance
s can
still
be
over
estim
ated
by
a fa
ctor
of f
our.
The
purp
ose
of m
y pr
ojec
t is t
o ob
tain
acc
urat
e hy
perf
ine
stru
ctur
e co
effic
ient
s for
the
diffe
rent
ene
rgy
leve
ls in
sin
gly-
ioni
zed
man
gane
se. I
n th
e pa
st, s
cien
tists
hav
e us
ed la
ser s
pect
rosc
opy
to in
depe
nden
tly d
eter
min
e th
ese
valu
es fo
r 28
leve
ls in
Mn
II. A
naly
sis o
f hyp
erfin
e st
ruct
ure
cons
tant
s is d
one
with
the
XGRE
MLI
N so
ftwar
e pa
ckag
e w
here
spec
tral
line
s are
fit u
sing
an in
tera
ctiv
e le
ast s
quar
es fi
t of e
ight
diff
eren
t par
amet
ers.
Thi
s can
be
used
if so
me
hype
rfin
e st
ruct
ure
cons
tant
s of s
ome
ener
gy le
vels
are
alre
ady
know
n. I
impo
rted
spec
tral
dat
a of
va
rious
wav
elen
gth
rang
es re
ceiv
ed fr
om th
e Im
peria
l Col
lege
in L
ondo
n in
to X
GREM
LIN
to v
erify
som
e pr
evio
us
HFS
valu
es a
nd th
en d
eriv
ed n
ew H
FS v
alue
s for
mor
e en
ergy
leve
ls. W
ork
for H
FS in
Mn
II is
still
on-
goin
g.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 112
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: V
icto
r Man
uel T
rujil
lo Jr
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
3 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
McL
enna
n Co
mm
unity
Col
lege
M
ajor
: El
ectr
ical
Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Te
xas A
&M
Uni
vers
ity
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): At
tend
gra
duat
e sc
hool
at T
he U
nive
rsity
of T
exas
at A
ustin
and
get
a M
aste
rs in
Che
mic
al
Engi
neer
ing
or C
omm
unic
atio
ns, N
etw
orks
and
Sys
tem
s N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry, I
ntel
ligen
t Sys
tem
s Div
ision
, Co
gniti
on a
nd C
olla
bora
tion
Syst
ems G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: W
illia
m S
. Har
rison
Title
of T
alk:
Vi
rtua
l Fus
ion:
Hum
an P
rese
nce
in M
anuf
actu
ring
Sim
ulat
ion
Abst
ract
: Vi
rtua
l Rea
lity
has
long
sin
ce b
een
a dr
eam
firm
ly e
ntre
nche
d in
the
psy
che
of a
ny t
echn
olog
y en
thus
iast
. Unt
il re
cent
ly, V
irtua
l Rea
lity
(VR)
was
a d
ream
that
seem
ed o
ut o
f rea
ch. T
he O
culu
s Rift
is a
VR
cons
umer
pro
duct
that
al
low
s its
use
rs t
o im
mer
se t
hem
selv
es in
a v
irtua
l env
ironm
ent.
The
rele
ase
of t
he O
culu
s Ri
ft ha
s op
ened
up
man
y w
indo
ws
for t
he u
se o
f Virt
ual R
ealit
y ap
plic
atio
ns o
ther
than
just
for v
ideo
gam
es. O
ur fo
cus
is to
com
bine
th
e O
culu
s Ri
ft an
d M
icro
soft
’s K
inec
t, to
cre
ate
an in
tera
ctiv
e vi
rtua
l man
ufac
turin
g en
viro
nmen
t for
sim
ulat
ion
and
syst
ems
valid
atio
n. B
lend
er,
whi
ch i
s a
mod
elin
g an
d an
imat
ion
softw
are
tool
, is
used
to
desig
n th
e en
viro
nmen
t in
whi
ch t
he u
ser
will
inte
ract
. The
Uni
ty g
ame
engi
ne is
use
d to
inco
rpor
ate
both
, the
Ocu
lus
Rift
an
d th
e Ki
nect
with
the
mod
els
that
are
cre
ated
in B
lend
er. T
he O
culu
s Ri
ft w
ill d
ispla
y th
e en
viro
nmen
t, w
hile
tr
acki
ng h
ead
mov
emen
ts b
y us
ing
a gy
rosc
ope,
an
acce
lero
met
er, a
nd a
mag
neto
met
er. T
he K
inec
t w
ill t
rack
bo
dy m
otio
n an
d al
low
for
rel
ativ
ely
free
mov
emen
t in
the
env
ironm
ent.
With
the
Ocu
lus
Rift
and
the
Kin
ect
runn
ing
simul
tane
ously
, the
use
r will
be
able
to in
tera
ct w
ith th
e vi
rtua
l env
ironm
ent a
s the
y w
ould
with
the
real
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: T
eres
a Tu
rman
ian
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
180
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: J
unia
ta C
olle
ge
Maj
or:
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Po
ssib
ly g
radu
ate
scho
ol fo
r a P
hD in
som
e ty
pe o
f phy
sics o
r pos
sibly
a m
aste
r’s d
egre
e in
en
gine
erin
g N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
NIS
T Ce
nter
for N
eutr
on R
esea
rch,
Neu
tron
Con
dens
ed M
atte
r Sci
ence
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. B
rian
Kirb
y
Title
of T
alk:
M
agne
tic G
roun
d St
ate
of In
dust
rial S
enso
rs
Abst
ract
: N
eutr
ons a
re a
use
ful t
ool f
or e
xplo
ring
the
mic
rosc
opic
nat
ure
of m
ater
ials.
Po
lariz
ed N
eutr
on R
efle
ctom
etry
(P
NR)
is u
sed
to d
eter
min
e th
e st
ruct
ural
and
mag
netic
dep
th p
rofil
es o
f thi
n fil
ms a
nd m
ultil
ayer
stru
ctur
es.
We
have
use
d PN
R to
stud
y th
e m
agne
tic o
rder
ing
of g
iant
mag
neto
resis
tive
(GM
R) se
nsor
s. T
he m
ater
ial u
sed
to
sens
e th
e pr
esen
ce o
f an
exte
rnal
mag
netic
fiel
d is
a re
peat
ing
stru
ctur
e of
met
allic
thin
film
s ato
p a
subs
trat
e an
d se
vera
l see
d la
yers
. The
repe
ated
stru
ctur
e is
surr
ound
ed b
y Si
, Si 3N
4, Ta
, and
NiF
eCo
laye
rs b
elow
and
a T
a ca
p ab
ove.
The
uni
t cel
l whi
ch, i
s rep
eate
d fo
ur ti
mes
, con
sists
of f
our t
hin
(nm
-sca
le) l
ayer
s, n
amel
y Cu
, NiF
eCo,
Cu
, and
CoF
e. T
he fe
rrom
agne
tic la
yers
hav
e m
agne
tizat
ions
that
, in
the
abse
nce
of a
mag
netic
fiel
d, a
lign
antip
aral
lel t
o on
e an
othe
r. In
the
pres
ence
of a
mag
netic
fiel
d, th
e la
yer m
agne
tizat
ions
alig
n w
ith th
e fie
ld.
The
tran
sitio
n fr
om a
nti-p
aral
lel t
o pa
ralle
l alig
nmen
t giv
es ri
se to
a d
ecre
ase
in e
lect
rical
resis
tanc
e, a
llow
ing
for t
he
dete
ctio
n of
the
mag
netic
fiel
d. C
onse
quen
tly it
is im
port
ant t
o un
ders
tand
the
mag
netic
gro
und
stat
e of
the
sens
or w
hen
no fi
eld
is ap
plie
d. T
o pe
rfor
m a
PN
R ex
perim
ent,
a po
lych
rom
atic
neu
tron
bea
m p
asse
s thr
ough
a
mon
ochr
omat
or, p
olar
izer,
and
spin
flip
per.
Aft
er re
flect
ing
off t
he sa
mpl
e, th
e ne
utro
ns p
ass t
hrou
gh a
noth
er
spin
flip
per,
a su
perm
irror
ana
lyze
r, an
d fin
ally
into
a d
etec
tor.
The
sam
ple
is m
ount
ed o
n a
stag
e w
hich
is
rota
ted
in u
niso
n w
ith th
e de
tect
or in
ord
er to
var
y th
e ne
utro
n’s a
ngle
of i
ncid
ence
. Th
e re
flect
ed in
tens
ity a
s a
func
tion
of a
ngle
ove
r tim
e w
as m
easu
red
on a
waf
er a
t roo
m te
mpe
ratu
re in
mag
netic
fiel
ds o
f str
engt
hs 2
0mT
and
0.5
mT.
The
softw
are
prog
ram
Ref
l1D
was
use
d to
fit a
mod
el o
f the
stru
ctur
al a
nd m
agne
tic sc
atte
ring
leng
th d
ensit
y as
a fu
nctio
n of
dep
th.
The
high
fiel
d da
ta is
fit w
ell b
y a
mod
el in
whi
ch C
u is
mag
netiz
ed.
This
resu
lt w
as n
ot e
xpec
ted
since
Cu
is no
t fer
rom
agne
tic, i
mpl
ying
that
ther
e is
mix
ing
of m
agne
tic N
iFeC
o an
d Co
Fe
laye
rs a
nd th
e no
n-m
agne
tic C
u la
yers
that
sepa
rate
them
. Th
e lo
w fi
eld
data
was
fit u
sing
the
thic
knes
s and
sc
atte
ring
leng
th d
ensit
y va
lues
det
erm
ined
from
hig
h fie
ld d
ata.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 113
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
helse
a Va
ne
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
144
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of M
aryl
and,
Bal
timor
e Co
unty
M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te fr
om U
MBC
with
a B
ache
lor’s
in M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
Info
rmat
ion
Mod
elin
g an
d Te
stin
g Gr
oup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Su
dars
an R
achu
ri
Title
of T
alk:
Ap
plic
atio
n of
Mac
hine
Lea
rnin
g Te
chni
ques
for M
anuf
actu
ring
Abst
ract
: Al
thou
gh to
day’
s man
ufac
turin
g co
mpa
nies
are
alre
ady
effic
ient
, dat
a an
alyt
ics c
ould
hel
p dr
ive
them
to th
e ne
xt
step
. Dat
a an
alyt
ics c
onsis
ts o
f com
puta
tiona
lly m
anag
ing
data
to e
xtra
ct h
idde
n pa
tter
ns a
nd to
be
able
to
pred
ict t
he u
pcom
ing
data
stat
es. T
he d
ata
anal
ytic
s wor
kflo
w is
com
pose
d of
diff
eren
t ste
ps: d
ata
acqu
isitio
n,
data
cle
anin
g, d
ata
anal
ysis,
and
dat
a in
terp
reta
tion
(incl
udin
g da
ta v
isual
izatio
n). I
n or
der t
o pr
oces
s and
find
kn
owle
dge
in th
e da
ta, d
ata
anal
ysis
is cr
itica
l and
invo
lves
, am
ong
othe
rs, m
achi
ne le
arni
ng. M
achi
ne le
arni
ng, a
br
anch
of a
rtifi
cial
inte
llige
nce,
con
cern
s the
con
stru
ctio
n an
d st
udy
of sy
stem
s tha
t can
lear
n fr
om d
ata.
The
goa
l of
this
proj
ect i
s to
stud
y ho
w m
achi
ne le
arni
ng c
an b
e ap
plie
d to
pre
dict
pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
in a
turn
ing
proc
ess
in m
anuf
actu
ring.
We
com
pare
the
effic
ienc
y of
diff
eren
t tec
hniq
ues a
nd so
ftw
are
on a
sim
ilar s
et o
f dat
a. W
e al
so st
udy
the
nece
ssar
y se
t of f
eatu
res t
o ge
nera
te a
use
ful m
achi
ne le
arni
ng m
odel
that
we
coul
d us
e to
pre
dict
po
wer
con
sum
ptio
n. T
he o
bjec
tive
is to
com
pare
the
outp
ut o
f thi
s mod
el w
ith th
e th
eore
tical
pow
er
cons
umpt
ion
in d
iffer
ent s
cena
rios a
nd st
udy
wha
t cou
ld im
prov
e th
e pr
edic
tion
qual
ity.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
ark
S. V
erdi
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
0 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Am
eric
an U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ap
plie
d M
athe
mat
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Gr
adua
te
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): So
ftw
are
Engi
neer
ing
Asso
ciat
e at
Acc
entu
re F
eder
al S
ervi
ces (
Augu
st 2
014)
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Po
lym
ers a
nd C
ompl
ex F
luid
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Debr
a J.
Audu
s and
Jack
F. D
ougl
as
Title
of T
alk:
Ca
lcul
atin
g El
ectr
osta
tic P
rope
rtie
s Usin
g Lé
vy F
light
s
Abst
ract
: In
mol
ecul
ar p
hysic
s, th
e m
otio
n of
a m
olec
ule
can
be m
odel
ed u
sing
rand
om w
alks
with
step
s who
se le
ngth
s are
de
term
ined
by
a no
rmal
dist
ribut
ion.
How
ever
, the
se ra
ndom
wal
ks a
re a
lso u
sefu
l in
mod
elin
g a
varie
ty o
f oth
er
proc
esse
s ran
ging
from
phy
sics t
o fin
ance
. One
not
able
exa
mpl
e is
usin
g ra
ndom
wal
ks to
com
pute
the
self-
ca
paci
tanc
e an
d ch
arge
den
sity
of a
n ar
bitr
arily
shap
ed p
erfe
ct c
ondu
ctor
as i
mpl
emen
ted
in th
e pr
ogra
m Z
ENO
[1
]. Al
thou
gh ra
ndom
wal
ks b
ased
on
the
norm
al d
istrib
utio
n, a
lso k
now
n as
Gau
ssia
n ra
ndom
wal
ks, a
re th
e m
ost c
omm
on ty
pe, t
hey
are
not t
he o
nly
type
. Gen
eral
ized
rand
om w
alks
kno
wn
as L
évy
fligh
ts, w
hose
step
le
ngth
s are
det
erm
ined
by
a pa
rtic
ular
hea
vy-
-sta
ble
dist
ribut
ion,
can
be
used
to m
odel
oth
er p
roce
sses
su
ch a
s hum
an m
obili
ty [2
]. Th
ese
dist
ribut
ions
, who
se m
ost n
otab
le c
hara
cter
istic
is th
eir i
nfin
ite v
aria
nce,
aris
e fr
om a
gen
eral
izatio
n of
the
Cent
ral L
imit
Theo
rem
. We
expl
ore
diffe
rent
way
s of v
isual
izing
and
und
erst
andi
ng
thes
e di
strib
utio
ns a
nd u
se th
em to
com
pute
phy
sical
qua
ntiti
es. S
peci
fical
ly, w
e fo
cus o
n th
e ca
lcul
atio
n of
-c
apac
itanc
e an
d di
rect
ly c
ompa
re o
ur re
sults
bot
h to
the
ZEN
O m
etho
d an
d to
an
alyt
ic re
sults
for t
he d
isk a
nd sp
here
. We
also
disc
uss t
he c
halle
nges
that
aris
e in
per
form
ing
thes
e sim
ulat
ions
-c
apac
itanc
e of
obj
ects
with
gen
eral
shap
e.
[1] w
eb.st
even
s.ed
u/ze
no
[2] I
. Rhe
e et
al.
IEEE
ACM
T N
etw
ork
19 6
30-6
43 (2
011)
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 114
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: M
atth
ew W
ade
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
107
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: C
ase
Wes
tern
Res
erve
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Hi
gher
leve
l deg
ree
at G
rad
Scho
ol
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: M
ater
ial M
easu
rem
ent L
abor
ator
y, M
ater
ials
Scie
nce
and
Engi
neer
ing
Divi
sion,
Po
lym
ers a
nd C
ompl
ex F
luid
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Thom
as R
osch
Title
of T
alk:
Ca
lcul
atio
n Ha
nsen
Sol
ubili
ty P
aram
eter
s for
Org
anic
Sol
ar C
ells
by th
e Co
hesiv
e En
ergy
De
nsity
Met
hod
Abst
ract
: In
org
anic
pho
tovo
ltaic
(OPV
) sol
ar c
ells,
the
conv
ersio
n of
pho
tons
to e
lect
ricity
is fa
cilit
ated
by
a m
ixtu
re o
f ph
ase-
sepa
rate
d po
lym
ers a
nd fu
nctio
naliz
ed n
anop
artic
les.
The
pow
er c
onve
rsio
n ef
ficie
ncy
of th
ese
sola
r cel
ls is
larg
ely
depe
nden
t on
the
initi
al m
orph
olog
y of
the
mix
ture
. An
indi
catio
n of
whe
ther
the
mor
phol
ogy
of a
sy
stem
is st
able
ove
r a lo
ng p
erio
d of
tim
e is
the
rela
tive
solu
bilit
y of
the
com
poun
ds in
the
mix
ture
. O
ne p
ossib
le
way
to re
pres
ent t
his p
rope
rty
is th
e Ha
nsen
and
Hild
ebra
nd so
lubi
lity
para
met
ers.
For
thes
e va
lues
a sm
alle
r di
ffere
nce
betw
een
the
valu
es fo
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
olec
ules
indi
cate
s a g
reat
er li
kelih
ood
that
they
will
diss
olve
an
d fo
rm a
solu
tion.
Phy
sical
mea
sure
men
t of t
hese
solu
bilit
y pa
ram
eter
s can
be
diffi
cult,
tim
e-co
nsum
ing,
and
re
quire
ded
icat
ed a
ppar
atus
es.
To a
void
thes
e iss
ues,
mol
ecul
ar d
ynam
ics s
imul
atio
ns w
ere
cond
ucte
d fo
llow
ing
the
prev
ious
ly e
stab
lishe
d co
hesiv
e en
ergy
den
sity
(CED
) met
hod
of G
odda
rd [1
] to
calc
ulat
e th
e so
lubi
lity
para
met
ers.
Ini
tial d
ata
indi
cate
that
min
or c
hang
es to
the
setu
p of
the
simul
atio
n re
sult
in si
gnifi
cant
cha
nges
in
the
calc
ulat
ed v
alue
s. T
o ob
tain
acc
urat
e re
sults
, sim
ulat
ion
setu
p pa
ram
eter
s and
par
tial a
tom
ic c
harg
es w
ere
take
n fr
om a
vaila
ble
liter
atur
e. L
ater
test
s with
thes
e in
itial
con
ditio
ns in
dica
ted
that
the
CED
met
hod
accu
rate
ly
refle
cted
solu
bilit
y pa
ram
eter
s fro
m v
ario
us d
atab
ases
. Th
is m
etho
d w
as th
en u
sed
to d
eter
min
e th
e so
lubi
lity
para
met
ers f
or 3
hexy
lthip
hene
-2,5
diyl
(P3H
T) a
nd p
heny
l-c61
-but
yric
aci
d m
ethy
l est
er (P
CBM
). F
utur
e w
ork
will
ex
amin
e a
num
ber o
f mol
ecul
es to
opt
imize
the
misc
ibili
ty o
f com
poun
ds u
sed
in O
PVs,
and
thus
impr
ove
thei
r lo
ngev
ity.
[1] M
. Bel
mar
es, M
. Bla
nco,
W. A
. God
dard
, R. B
. Ros
s, G.
Cal
dwel
l, S.
H. C
hou,
J/ P
ham
, P. M
. Olfs
on, C
. Tho
mas
, J.
Com
put.
Chem
. 200
4, 2
5, 1
814
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
erge
i Wal
lace
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H17
1 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
The
Uni
vers
ity o
f Ala
bam
a - T
usca
loos
a M
ajor
: M
athe
mat
ics,
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
in p
hysic
s or a
pplie
d m
athe
mat
ics
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ce
nter
for N
anos
cale
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hnol
ogy,
Ele
ctro
n Ph
ysic
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. R
ober
t McM
icha
el
Title
of T
alk:
M
odel
ing
Lase
r Pul
sed
Heat
Con
duct
ion
in S
olid
s for
All-
Opt
ical
Fer
rom
agne
tic R
eson
ance
Sp
ectr
osco
py
Abst
ract
: Th
e go
al o
f thi
s pro
ject
is to
dev
elop
an
all-o
ptic
al fe
rrom
agne
tic re
sona
nce
(FM
R) sp
ectr
omet
er th
at e
nabl
es: (
1)
high
er fr
eque
ncy
mea
sure
men
ts (5
0 GH
z to
THz)
on
high
-ani
sotr
opy
mat
eria
ls (2
) dyn
amic
mea
sure
men
ts o
f nm
-th
ickn
ess m
agne
tic fi
lms t
hrou
gh u
se o
f the
mag
neto
-opt
ical
Ker
r effe
ct (M
OKE
) (3)
waf
er-le
vel,
in-s
itu
mea
sure
men
ts d
urin
g fil
m g
row
th d
ue to
non
-con
tact
inst
rum
enta
tion.
Cur
rent
FM
R m
etho
ds in
clud
e tim
e-re
solv
ed m
agne
to-o
ptic
Ker
r effe
ct (T
RMO
KE) w
here
stro
ng “
pum
p” la
ser p
ulse
s driv
e a
mat
eria
l’s m
agne
tizat
ion
to p
roce
ssio
n w
hile
wea
ker,
dela
yed
“pro
be”
pulse
s mea
sure
the
mag
netiz
atio
n th
roug
h ch
ange
s in
pola
rizat
ion
and
inte
nsity
of t
he re
flect
ed li
ght i
.e. K
err e
ffect
. Usin
g a
pulse
d fib
er m
icro
wav
e la
ser s
etup
, our
FM
R te
chni
que
will
inst
ead
use
mul
tiple
, rap
id p
ulse
s fro
m a
sing
le so
urce
to si
mul
tane
ously
pum
p an
d pr
obe
the
mag
netiz
atio
n up
to o
nce
per m
agne
tizat
ion
prec
essio
n pe
riod,
app
roxi
mat
ely
102 to
104 ti
mes
mor
e of
ten
than
the
typi
cal 8
0 M
Hz la
ser p
ulse
repe
titio
n ra
te u
sed
for e
xist
ing
TRM
OKE
tech
niqu
es. T
he m
ater
ial’s
osc
illat
ing
tem
pera
ture
from
th
e m
icro
wav
e pu
lses i
nduc
es p
rece
ssio
n, so
the
bene
fits o
f thi
s inc
reas
ed m
easu
rem
ent r
ate
may
be
limite
d if
the
tem
pera
ture
var
iatio
ns b
ecom
es to
o sm
all t
o dr
ive
the
mag
netiz
atio
n. T
here
fore
, it i
s nec
essa
ry to
mod
el th
e m
ater
ial’s
tem
pera
ture
resp
onse
to a
rang
e of
lase
r pul
se fr
eque
ncie
s in
orde
r to
know
the
pulse
rate
lim
its o
f our
TR
MO
KE e
xper
imen
ts. I
n th
is ta
lk, I
will
pre
sent
a m
odel
bas
ed o
n Fo
urie
r’s c
lass
ical
hea
t con
duct
ion
law
for a
se
mi-i
nfin
ite so
lid w
ith n
o co
nvec
tion
and
a sin
usoi
dal p
ulse
d, 2
-dim
ensio
nal (
surf
ace)
Gau
ssia
n he
at so
urce
. Re
sults
of t
he m
odel
for v
ario
us m
agne
tic sy
stem
s of i
nter
est w
ill b
e di
scus
sed.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 115
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Jac
ob W
olfg
ang
War
d G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H12
5 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Ariz
ona
Stat
e U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s and
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te S
choo
l pur
suin
g a
PhD
in a
stro
phys
ics.
Eve
ntua
l car
eer s
tudy
ing
star
form
atio
n an
d ev
olut
ion.
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Phys
ical
Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Qua
ntum
Mea
sure
men
ts D
ivisi
on,
Atom
ic S
pect
rosc
opy
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Adv
isor
: Dr
. Gill
ian
Nav
e Ti
tle o
f Tal
k:
Anal
ysis
of F
e V
and
Ni V
Wav
elen
gth
Stan
dard
s in
the
Vacu
um U
ltrav
iole
t
Abst
ract
: Th
e re
cent
pub
licat
ion
Lim
its o
n th
e De
pend
ence
of t
he F
ine-
Stru
ctur
e Co
nsta
nt o
n Gr
avita
tiona
l Pot
entia
l fro
m
Whi
te-D
war
f Spe
ctra
by
Bere
ngut
and
Bar
row
sugg
ests
a p
oten
tial v
aria
tion
in th
e fin
e-st
ruct
ure
cons
tant
in th
e pr
esen
ce o
f hig
h gr
avita
tiona
l pot
entia
l. Th
e re
sult
of su
ch v
aria
tion
wou
ld su
gges
t new
phy
sics.
Give
n th
at th
e sp
ectr
um o
f whi
te-d
war
f sta
rs is
dom
inat
ed b
y Fe
V a
nd N
i V, t
he p
ropo
sed
valu
e fo
r the
fine
-st
ruct
ure
depe
nden
ce u
pon
grav
itatio
nal p
oten
tial w
as d
eter
min
ed v
ia o
bser
ved
shift
s in
the
posit
ions
of F
e V
and
Ni
V lin
es in
the
vacu
um u
ltrav
iole
t reg
ion
(110
0-22
00 A
ngst
rom
s).
U
ncer
tain
ties f
or th
e w
avel
engt
h st
anda
rds o
f the
se sp
ecie
s hav
e be
en id
entif
ied
as th
e m
ajor
sour
ce o
f unc
erta
inty
in
the
publ
icat
ion’
s pre
sent
ed v
alue
for g
ravi
tatio
nal d
epen
denc
e. G
iven
the
uniq
ue in
stru
men
tatio
n av
aila
ble
at
NIS
T, a
n in
vest
igat
ion
of F
e V
and
Ni V
spec
tra
in th
e va
cuum
Ultr
avio
let r
egio
n ha
s bee
n co
nduc
ted
to re
duce
the
wav
elen
gth
unce
rtai
ntie
s cur
rent
ly li
miti
ng m
oder
n as
trop
hysic
al st
udie
s.
The
anal
yzed
spec
tra
wer
e pr
oduc
ed b
y a
slidi
ng-s
park
ligh
t sou
rce
with
inva
r (Fe
/Ni a
lloy)
ele
ctro
des a
t pea
k cu
rren
ts o
f 750
-200
0 am
pere
s and
pro
cess
ed v
ia th
e N
IST
Nor
mal
Inci
denc
e Va
cuum
Spe
ctro
grap
h. C
alib
ratio
n w
as
done
with
Pt-
II pr
oduc
ed b
y a
Plat
inum
-Neo
n ho
llow
cat
hode
lam
p ut
ilize
d in
the
NIS
T Pt
Atla
s.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4 N
ame:
Pau
l Wat
robs
ki
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
181
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: S
tate
Uni
vers
ity o
f New
Yor
k –
Bing
ham
ton
Uni
vers
ity
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: 1st
yea
r gra
duat
e st
uden
t
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
pon
com
plet
ion
of M
aste
r of S
cien
ce in
ele
ctric
al e
ngin
eerin
g at
Bin
gham
ton
Univ
ersit
y,
plan
pur
suit
of P
hD a
t ano
ther
uni
vers
ity
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
orat
ory,
Adv
ance
d N
etw
ork
Tech
nolo
gies
Div
ision
, Em
ergi
ng a
nd M
obile
Net
wor
k Te
chno
logi
es G
roup
N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: M
icha
el S
oury
al, D
.Sc.
Title
of T
alk:
So
ftw
are
Defin
ed R
adio
Dev
elop
men
t for
Spe
ctru
m M
onito
ring
Abst
ract
: De
velo
pmen
t of s
pect
rum
sens
ors i
s ess
entia
l to
mon
itorin
g th
e ra
dio
freq
uenc
y sp
ectr
um.
Ther
e ar
e se
vera
l re
ason
s for
spec
trum
mon
itorin
g: t
o in
form
pol
icy
mak
ers,
ena
ble
polic
y en
forc
emen
t, an
d co
ordi
nate
spec
trum
us
age.
The
cur
rent
spec
trum
sens
or p
roto
type
dev
elop
ed a
t NIS
T re
quire
s bot
h a
softw
are-
defin
ed ra
dio
(SDR
) and
ho
st c
ompu
ter w
ith a
gen
eral
pur
pose
Cen
tral
Pro
cess
ing
Uni
t (CP
U) t
o pe
rfor
m th
e di
gita
l sig
nal p
roce
ssin
g (D
SP),
a m
ajor
ity o
f whi
ch is
don
e on
the
CPU
. Th
ere
are
seve
ral b
enef
its to
ent
irely
offl
oadi
ng th
e DS
P to
the
SDR.
Po
rtab
ility
is su
bsta
ntia
lly im
prov
ed w
ith a
sing
le u
nit p
erfo
rmin
g th
e DS
P. I
n ad
ditio
n th
e m
onito
ring
band
wid
th,
prev
ious
ly li
mite
d by
the
CPU
, can
be
incr
ease
d.
The
SDR
used
in th
is re
sear
ch c
onta
ins a
fiel
d pr
ogra
mm
able
gat
e ar
ray
(FPG
A).
The
key
bene
fit to
usin
g an
FPG
A is
that
it a
llow
s for
inex
pens
ive
on-t
he-fl
y ha
rdw
are
deve
lopm
ent,
allo
win
g fo
r ded
icat
ed D
SP h
ardw
are
to b
e cr
eate
d. P
revi
ous d
evel
opm
ent f
or a
rela
ted
proj
ect u
sed
a fa
st F
ourie
r tra
nsfo
rm to
con
vert
the
signa
l to
the
freq
uenc
y do
mai
n. T
his a
nd se
vera
l oth
er D
SP c
ompo
nent
s fro
m th
e re
late
d pr
ojec
t are
ada
pted
to th
e cu
rren
t pr
ojec
t. A
dditi
onal
pro
cess
ing,
incl
udin
g tim
e av
erag
ing
and
conv
ersio
n to
a lo
garit
hmic
scal
e, is
offl
oade
d fr
om th
e ho
st to
the
FPGA
. Th
is ne
w sy
stem
is e
valu
ated
in c
ompa
rison
to th
e ex
istin
g pr
otot
ype
in te
rms o
f acc
urac
y,
mon
itorin
g ba
ndw
idth
, and
CPU
util
izatio
n. B
ecau
se th
is sy
stem
wou
ld b
e im
plem
ente
d on
an
embe
dded
syst
em
cont
aini
ng a
low
-end
pro
cess
or th
ere
shou
ld b
e ve
ry li
ttle
pro
cess
ing
done
on
the
CPU
. Se
vera
l of t
hese
em
bedd
ed
syst
em sp
ectr
um se
nsor
s will
be
depl
oyed
and
use
d to
retu
rn sp
ectr
um o
ccup
ancy
dat
a to
a c
entr
al d
atab
ase
for
stor
age
and
furt
her a
naly
sis.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 116
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: A
aron
Fla
vius
Wes
t G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H16
2 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Was
hing
ton
Maj
or: C
ompr
ehen
sive
Phys
ics
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Gr
adua
ted
with
Bac
helo
r of P
hysic
s deg
ree
with
Hon
ors
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ev
entu
ally
att
end
grad
uate
scho
ol a
t Uni
vers
ity o
f Was
hing
ton,
to p
ursu
e a
PhD
in p
hysic
s an
d te
achi
ng.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: N
IST
Cent
er fo
r Neu
tron
Res
earc
h, N
eutr
on C
onde
nsed
Mat
ter S
cien
ce G
roup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Mat
thew
Was
brou
gh, P
aul B
utle
r, Pa
ul K
ienz
le
Title
of T
alk:
Ex
plor
ing
the
Stru
ctur
e of
Sur
fact
ants
with
Rhe
o-SA
NS
in T
wo
Dim
ensio
ns
Abst
ract
: M
icel
lar p
hase
s cre
ated
by
surf
acta
nt se
lf-as
sem
bly
have
bee
n st
udie
d fo
r the
ir br
eadt
h us
es in
scie
ntifi
c re
sear
ch
and
indu
stria
l app
licat
ions
. The
wid
e us
e of
thes
e m
icel
lar f
orm
atio
ns m
otiv
ates
the
stud
y of
the
stru
ctur
al
evol
utio
n in
dyn
amic
al sy
stem
s pre
sent
in in
dust
rial p
roce
sses
. Und
ulat
ion
stab
ilize
d la
mel
lar p
hase
s hav
e be
en
pred
icte
d to
col
laps
e at
hig
h sh
ear r
ates
due
to lo
ss o
f pre
ssur
e be
twee
n bi
laye
rs. S
mal
l ang
le n
eutr
on sc
atte
ring
data
has
bee
n co
llect
ed a
t var
ious
shea
r rat
es a
nd v
iscos
ities
, sho
win
g ev
iden
ce o
f a tr
ansit
ion
to th
is co
llaps
ed
stru
ctur
e an
d a
prev
ious
ly u
nkno
wn
met
asta
ble
stru
ctur
e. In
ord
er to
pro
perly
cha
ract
erize
this
stru
ctur
e an
d un
ders
tand
the
mec
hani
sm o
f for
mat
ion,
new
ana
lysis
usin
g re
cent
adv
ance
s in
2-di
men
siona
l dat
a fit
ting
proc
edur
es is
requ
ired.
Thr
ough
visu
al o
bser
vatio
n of
the
2D d
ata,
a se
ries o
f sca
tter
ing
mod
els w
ill b
e ap
plie
d to
1-
dim
ensio
nal c
uts o
f the
2D
data
to fi
nd th
e be
st p
ossib
le d
escr
iptio
ns o
f diff
eren
t asp
ects
of t
he sc
atte
ring
prof
ile, w
hich
can
then
be
used
as s
tart
ing
valu
es fo
r 2D
fittin
g. T
he c
ompl
ex m
ixed
syst
ems p
rese
nt in
this
stru
ctur
al e
volu
tion
proc
ess w
ill b
e th
e m
ajor
focu
s of t
his w
ork.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: S
cott
Wie
rcin
ski
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
111
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of N
ew H
aven
M
ajor
: Fi
re/A
rson
Inve
stig
atio
n &
Fire
Ad
min
istra
tion
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ei
ther
Gra
d sc
hool
at t
he U
niv.
of M
aryl
and
or U
niv.
of N
ew H
aven
, or s
tart
a c
aree
r in
a pa
id fi
re d
epar
tmen
t. N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Engi
neer
ing
Labo
rato
ry, F
ire R
esea
rch
Divi
sion,
Fire
Fig
htin
g Te
chno
logy
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dani
el M
adrz
ykow
ski
Title
of T
alk:
Im
pact
of C
onve
ctiv
e He
at o
n Fi
refig
hter
Tur
nout
Gea
r
Abst
ract
: In
201
2 th
ere
wer
e 31
,490
repo
rted
fire
fight
er in
jurie
s on
the
fire
grou
nd a
nd 2
2 fir
efig
hter
s wer
e ki
lled
durin
g fir
e gr
ound
ope
ratio
ns. F
irefig
hter
turn
out g
ear (
jack
et a
nd p
ants
) are
a m
ain
com
pone
nt to
the
firef
ight
er’s
pe
rson
al p
rote
ctiv
e eq
uipm
ent (
PPE)
. NFP
A 19
71, t
he st
anda
rd o
n pr
otec
tive
ense
mbl
es fo
r str
uctu
ral f
irefig
htin
g an
d pr
oxim
ity fi
refig
htin
g, p
rovi
des g
uide
lines
for t
estin
g ho
w w
ell t
he tu
rnou
t gea
r will
pro
tect
skin
from
seco
nd
degr
ee b
urns
cal
led
the
ther
mal
pro
tect
ive
perf
orm
ance
test
. The
thre
e la
yers
of t
he tu
rnou
t gea
r are
pla
ced
abov
e a
radi
ant h
eat s
ourc
e an
d a
conv
ectiv
e fla
me;
abo
ve th
e la
yers
is a
sens
or th
at d
etec
ts th
e te
mpe
ratu
re
that
the
firef
ight
er’s
skin
wou
ld b
e fe
elin
g. T
he te
st g
ives
a g
ood
scop
e on
the
conv
ectiv
e he
at tr
ansf
er o
ver t
ime
(thr
ough
the
turn
out g
ear)
and
how
it w
ould
affe
ct a
fire
fight
er’s
skin
in fl
asho
ver c
ondi
tions
. Fi
refig
hter
turn
out g
ear i
s com
prise
d of
thre
e di
ffere
nt la
yers
: the
out
er sh
ell,
the
moi
stur
e ba
rrie
r and
the
ther
mal
line
r. T
he o
uter
shel
l is d
esig
ned
as th
e fir
st la
yer o
f def
ense
and
pro
vide
s min
imal
am
ount
s of t
he
ther
mal
pro
tect
ion.
Alo
ng w
ith th
erm
al p
rote
ctio
n, th
e ou
ter s
hell
prov
ides
cut
and
abr
asio
n re
sista
nce
and
min
imal
wat
er re
pelle
ncy.
The
moi
stur
e ba
rrie
r, lo
cate
d be
neat
h th
e ou
ter s
hell,
pro
vide
s res
istan
ce to
wat
er,
chem
ical
s and
vira
l age
nts.
This
barr
ier i
s also
the
mos
t del
icat
e an
d pr
one
to d
amag
e. T
he la
st la
yer i
s the
th
erm
al li
ner w
hich
is w
here
the
maj
ority
of t
herm
al p
rote
ctio
n co
mes
from
with
in tu
rnou
t gea
r. Th
e th
erm
al
liner
trap
s air
betw
een
laye
rs o
f non
wov
en m
ater
ial t
hat i
s att
ache
d to
a fa
ce m
ater
ial.
Air i
s an
exce
llent
in
sula
tor;
how
ever
moi
stur
e an
d co
mpr
essio
n ca
n gr
eatly
influ
ence
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s of t
he th
erm
al la
yer.
Moi
stur
e is
an e
xcel
lent
con
duct
or o
f hea
t and
disp
lace
s the
air,
whi
le c
ompr
essio
n el
imin
ates
air
allo
win
g an
un
impe
ded
cond
uctio
n of
hea
t thr
ough
the
turn
out g
ear.
Th
is pr
ojec
t foc
used
on
the
impa
ct o
f con
vect
ive
heat
tran
sfer
thro
ugh
turn
out g
ear,
usin
g ex
perim
enta
l dat
a fr
om fi
re e
xper
imen
ts th
at re
sulte
d in
an
exha
ust f
low
pat
h ex
posu
re, t
o de
term
ine
the
impa
ct o
n th
e fir
efig
hter
’s
turn
out g
ear.
Both
ben
ch sc
ale
and
full
scal
e ex
perim
ents
exa
min
ing
the
heat
ing
of th
e tu
rnou
t gea
r wer
e co
nduc
ted.
Also
, fire
fight
er li
ne o
f dut
y de
aths
wer
e ex
amin
ed a
nd c
ompa
red
to th
e ex
perim
enta
l dat
a.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 117
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
osep
h W
illi
Gra
nt N
umbe
r 70
NAN
B14H
108
Acad
emic
Inst
itutio
n: U
nive
rsity
of I
llino
is at
Urb
ana-
Cham
paig
n M
ajor
: Gen
eral
Eng
inee
ring
with
Sec
onda
ry
Fiel
d in
Fire
Pro
tect
ion
Engi
neer
ing
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Se
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): At
tend
gra
duat
e sc
hool
and
obt
ain
a M
.S. i
n Fi
re P
rote
ctio
n En
gine
erin
g
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Fire
Res
earc
h Di
visio
n, F
ire F
ight
ing
Tech
nolo
gy
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dani
el M
adrz
ykow
ski
Title
of T
alk:
Im
pact
of D
iffer
ent H
ose
Stre
am A
pplic
atio
ns d
urin
g Fi
re S
uppr
essio
n
Abst
ract
: A
varie
ty o
f hos
e st
ream
s and
app
licat
ion
tech
niqu
es a
re u
sed
by fi
refig
hter
s to
extin
guish
fire
s. T
he ty
pe o
f hos
e st
ream
and
the
way
it is
app
lied
durin
g fir
e su
ppre
ssio
n ha
s a si
gnifi
cant
impa
ct o
n th
e co
olin
g an
d m
ovem
ent o
f ho
t gas
es in
side
a st
ruct
ure.
Thu
s, it
is im
pera
tive
for f
irefig
hter
s to
have
ext
ensiv
e kn
owle
dge
of th
e ef
fect
iven
ess
of d
iffer
ent h
ose
stre
am a
pplic
atio
ns so
the
corr
ect t
echn
ique
can
be
exec
uted
on
the
fireg
roun
d.
This
sum
mer
, res
earc
hers
from
the
NIS
T Fi
re F
ight
ing
Tech
nolo
gy G
roup
con
duct
ed a
var
iety
of l
ive-
fire
expe
rimen
ts a
t the
Del
awar
e Co
unty
Em
erge
ncy
Serv
ices
Tra
inin
g Ce
nter
nea
r Phi
lade
lphi
a, P
enns
ylva
nia.
The
m
ain
purp
ose
of th
ese
expe
rimen
ts w
as to
qua
ntify
the
impa
ct o
f diff
eren
t hos
e st
ream
app
licat
ions
on
the
mov
emen
t and
coo
ling
of g
ases
in v
ario
us fi
re sc
enar
ios.
One
set o
f the
exp
erim
ents
spec
ifica
lly m
easu
red
how
di
ffere
nt h
ose
stre
am a
pplic
atio
ns m
oved
the
air i
nsid
e a
stru
ctur
e w
ithou
t any
fire
invo
lved
. A se
cond
set o
f ex
perim
ents
illu
stra
ted
how
thes
e di
ffere
nces
affe
ct th
e m
ovem
ent a
nd c
oolin
g of
hot
gas
es in
ven
tilat
ion-
limite
d fir
es. T
he d
ata
from
thes
e tw
o se
ts o
f exp
erim
ents
can
be
used
to e
valu
ate
and
expl
ain
the
impa
ct o
f diff
eren
t ho
se st
ream
app
licat
ions
dur
ing
fire
supp
ress
ion.
Dur
ing
this
pres
enta
tion,
two
spec
ific
type
s of h
ose
stre
ams,
st
raig
ht a
nd fo
g, w
ill b
e co
nsid
ered
, and
thei
r im
pact
on
air m
ovem
ent a
nd fi
re su
ppre
ssio
n w
ill b
e di
scus
sed.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
hrist
ophe
r Won
g G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Maj
or:
Mat
eria
ls Sc
ienc
e an
d En
gine
erin
g,
Chem
istry
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Pl
an to
pur
sue
a Ph
.D. i
n m
ater
ials
scie
nce
or c
hem
istry
, with
focu
s on
poly
mer
ic
appl
icat
ions
N
IST
Labo
rato
ry,
Divi
sion
, and
Gro
up:
Mat
eria
l Mea
sure
men
t Lab
orat
ory,
Bio
syst
ems a
nd B
iom
ater
ials
Divi
sion,
Bi
omat
eria
ls Gr
oup
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Gil K
aufm
an, J
irun
Sun
Title
of T
alk:
En
zym
atic
Bio
degr
adat
ion
of T
radi
tiona
l and
Nov
el R
esto
rativ
e De
ntal
Res
ins
Abst
ract
: Po
lym
er b
ased
com
posit
es h
ave
wid
ely
repl
aced
mer
cury
am
alga
m a
s den
tal r
esto
ratio
ns w
ith d
ecre
ased
toxi
city
an
d in
crea
sed
aest
hetic
s. H
owev
er, e
ster
ase
enzy
mes
foun
d in
bot
h sa
liva
and
cario
geni
c ba
cter
ia su
ch a
s St
rept
ococ
cus m
utan
s hav
e be
en fo
und
to c
leav
e es
ter b
onds
foun
d in
the
trad
ition
ally
use
d bi
sphe
nolg
lyci
dyl
dim
etha
cryl
ate
(bisG
MA)
and
trie
thyl
ene
glyc
ol d
imet
hacr
ylat
e (T
EGDM
A) b
ased
resin
s, re
sulti
ng in
rest
orat
ion
degr
adat
ion
and
failu
re in
the
long
term
. A n
ovel
den
tal m
onom
er w
ithou
t est
er b
onds
, trie
thyl
ene
glyc
ol
divi
nylb
enzy
leth
er (T
EGDV
BE),
has b
een
synt
hesiz
ed in
ord
er to
circ
umve
nt e
ster
ase
degr
adat
ion.
Usin
g m
odel
en
zym
es c
hole
ster
ol e
ster
ase
(CE)
and
pse
udoc
holin
este
rase
(PCE
), as
wel
l as S
. mut
ans c
ultu
res,
this
stud
y ai
ms
to c
ompa
re d
egra
datio
n of
bot
h m
onom
eric
and
pol
ymer
ic fo
rms o
f the
trad
ition
al a
nd n
ovel
resin
s. Hi
gh
perf
orm
ance
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y is
used
to is
olat
e an
d qu
antif
y de
grad
atio
n pr
oduc
ts a
fter i
ncub
atio
n w
ith
enzy
me
or b
acte
ria. I
n ad
ditio
n, su
rfac
e ro
ughn
ess o
f pol
ymer
pel
lets
bef
ore
and
afte
r deg
rada
tion
is ch
arac
teriz
ed b
y at
omic
forc
e m
icro
scop
y. In
the
pres
ence
of C
E, P
CE, a
nd S
. mut
ans,
the
nove
l TEG
DVBE
is
expe
cted
to re
leas
e no
deg
rada
tion
prod
ucts
and
exh
ibit
no in
crea
se in
surf
ace
roug
hnes
s com
pare
d to
the
cont
rol.
The
trad
ition
al re
sin is
exp
ecte
d to
deg
rade
into
met
hacr
ylic
aci
d (M
A), t
rieth
ylen
e gl
ycol
(TEG
), an
d 2,
2-bi
s[4p
heny
l]pro
pane
(bisH
PPP)
and
incr
ease
in su
rfac
e ro
ughn
ess.
If S.
mut
ans i
s abl
e to
deg
rade
TEG
DVBE
, fut
ure
stud
ies w
ill n
eed
to b
e pe
rfor
med
to is
olat
e an
d id
entif
y no
n-es
tera
se e
nzym
es ca
pabl
e of
invo
lved
in th
e de
grad
atio
n.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 118
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: J
osep
h W
u G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H14
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Sta
nfor
d U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Sy
mbo
lic S
yste
ms
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): U
ndec
ided
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Lab
, Sof
twar
e an
d Sy
stem
s, Sm
art G
rid
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
DJ A
nand
, Ya-
Shia
n Li
-Bab
oud,
Kev
in B
rady
Title
of T
alk:
Sm
art a
nd S
ynch
roni
zed!
: M
odel
ing
the
Effe
ct o
f Tim
e O
ffset
in P
ower
Flo
ws a
cros
s the
Sm
art G
rid
Abst
ract
: Th
e de
velo
pmen
t of S
mar
t Grid
tech
nolo
gy h
as p
rovi
ded
seve
ral m
etho
ds to
enh
ance
the
conv
entio
nal e
lect
ric
grid
. One
key
impr
ovem
ent t
hat i
s fun
dam
enta
l to
the
Smar
t Grid
app
roac
h is
the
abili
ty to
gat
her a
nd m
onito
r in
form
atio
n fr
om th
e el
ectr
ic g
rid a
t unp
rece
dent
ed sc
ale
and
gran
ular
ity. I
n or
der t
o ac
cura
tely
mea
sure
and
pr
oces
s the
larg
e vo
lum
e of
dat
a fr
om th
e gr
id, t
ime
mea
sure
men
ts n
eed
to b
e sy
nchr
onize
d ac
ross
all
sens
ors a
nd
actu
ator
s. In
this
proj
ect,
a M
ATLA
B da
shbo
ard
will
be
deve
lope
d to
visu
alize
real
-tim
e vo
ltage
and
tim
e da
ta
stre
amed
dire
ctly
from
the
NIS
T Sm
art G
rid te
st b
ed. A
s eac
h su
bsta
tion
on th
e gr
id fe
eds l
ive
data
to th
e da
shbo
ard,
its v
olta
ge, t
ime
stam
p, a
s wel
l as t
ime
offs
et fr
om a
refe
renc
e cl
ock
will
be
reco
rded
and
gra
phed
. Th
e da
shbo
ard
also
allo
ws t
he u
ser t
o ev
alua
te th
e im
pact
of d
rift a
nd v
aria
tion
of ti
me
keep
ing
cloc
ks o
n th
e fid
elity
of m
easu
rem
ents
. In
orde
r to
pres
ent t
he im
pact
of c
lock
offs
et a
nd ji
tter
on
mea
sure
men
ts, a
pha
sor
repr
esen
tatio
n of
the
sam
pled
vol
tage
mea
sure
men
t is d
ispla
yed
and
cont
inua
lly u
pdat
ed o
n th
e GU
I. U
sers
can
ad
just
par
amet
ers s
uch
as th
e sa
mpl
ing
rate
, rep
ortin
g ra
te, p
refe
rred
refe
renc
e cl
ock,
etc
. The
com
plet
ed G
UI w
ill
be a
dded
to th
e N
IST
Smar
t Grid
test
bed
to h
elp
proc
ess a
nd p
rese
nt li
ve d
ata
durin
g ex
perim
ents
and
de
mon
stra
tions
.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: C
alvi
n Ze
hnde
r G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H10
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Cas
e W
este
rn R
eser
ve U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: Ju
nior
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): In
dust
ry Jo
b/Gr
adua
te S
choo
l
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Int
ellig
ent S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on, P
rodu
ctio
n Sy
stem
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Bran
don
Lane
Title
of T
alk:
Dy
nam
ic P
rope
rtie
s of M
etal
s Use
d in
Add
itive
Man
ufac
turin
g
Abst
ract
: Se
lect
ive
met
al si
nter
ing
(SLS
) is o
ne o
f the
few
add
itive
man
ufac
turin
g m
etho
ds th
at c
an ‘p
rint’
met
al in
to sh
apes
un
obta
inab
le b
y co
nven
tiona
l (su
btra
ctiv
e) m
anuf
actu
ring
met
hods
. SLS
use
s met
al p
owde
r tha
t is s
prea
d on
to a
bu
ild p
late
, and
then
is m
elte
d an
d so
lidifi
ed in
the
desir
ed sh
ape
by a
com
pute
r con
trol
led
lase
r. Th
is pr
oces
s re
peat
s, la
yer b
y la
yer,
until
the
requ
ired
thic
knes
s is a
chie
ved.
It is
des
irabl
e to
mak
e an
acc
urat
e co
mpu
ter
simul
atio
n of
the
spre
adin
g of
the
pow
der o
nto
the
build
pla
te so
par
ts a
nd b
uild
par
amet
ers c
an b
e m
odel
ed
accu
rate
ly a
nd q
uick
ly, s
o th
e pa
rt c
an b
e ‘b
uilt’
seve
ral t
imes
with
out t
he w
aitin
g an
d th
e co
st th
at is
ass
ocia
ted
with
phy
sical
ly m
akin
g th
e pa
rt m
ultip
le ti
mes
. In
orde
r to
acco
mpl
ish th
is, a
ccur
ate
phys
ical
pro
pert
y da
ta m
ust
be k
now
n ab
out t
he m
etal
pow
der.
To c
reat
e a
disc
rete
ele
men
t met
hod
simul
atio
n, th
e co
effic
ient
of r
estit
utio
n,
stiff
ness
, and
dam
ping
coe
ffici
ents
mus
t be
know
n. T
o m
easu
re th
ese,
we
used
a se
t-up
con
sistin
g of
a h
igh-
spee
d ca
mer
a w
ith a
mic
rosc
ope
obje
ctiv
e, a
nd a
cus
tom
bui
lt po
wde
r dro
ppin
g m
echa
nism
, des
igne
d to
acc
urat
ely
and
relia
bly
drop
a v
ery
smal
l vol
ume
of p
owde
r in
fron
t of t
he c
amer
a. T
his c
aptu
res i
ncom
ing
and
post
-impa
ct
velo
citie
s whi
ch c
an b
e us
ed to
find
the
dyna
mic
mat
eria
ls pr
oper
ty d
ata.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 119
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: K
evin
Zen
g G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H18
2 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Virg
inia
M
ajor
: M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
Acad
emic
Sta
ndin
g (S
ept.
‘14)
: So
phom
ore
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Ca
reer
in M
echa
nica
l Eng
inee
ring
or G
radu
ate
Scho
ol
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Int
ellig
ent S
yste
ms D
ivisi
on, P
rodu
ctio
n Sy
stem
s Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Dr. J
ohn
Slot
win
ski,
Dr. S
haw
n M
oyla
n
Title
of T
alk:
Cr
itica
l Geo
met
ries i
n Ad
ditiv
e M
anuf
actu
ring
Abst
ract
: Im
agin
e th
e da
y w
hen
you
can
fabr
icat
e an
eng
ine
bloc
k or
win
g fr
om m
etal
pow
der i
n yo
ur o
wn
gara
ge u
sing
addi
tive
man
ufac
turin
g. C
urre
ntly
, add
itive
man
ufac
turin
g is
mak
ing
strid
es to
bec
ome
wid
espr
ead
and
stan
dard
ized.
One
of t
he ro
adbl
ocks
that
is h
inde
ring
the
stan
dard
izatio
n of
add
itive
man
ufac
turin
g is
that
the
real
izatio
n of
crit
ical
geo
met
ries s
uch
as in
tern
al fe
atur
es a
nd la
ttic
es th
roug
h ad
ditiv
e m
anuf
actu
ring
has y
et to
be
com
plet
ely
unde
rsto
od.
The
obje
ctiv
e of
this
proj
ect i
s to
desig
n an
d bu
ild a
test
art
ifact
con
tain
ing
inte
rnal
feat
ures
and
stru
ctur
es th
at
cann
ot b
e m
easu
red
with
pos
t pro
cess
ext
erna
l tec
hniq
ues (
e.g.
, by
coor
dina
te m
easu
ring
mac
hine
). A
test
ar
tifac
t, na
med
the
Mod
ular
Art
ifact
for M
easu
ring
Inte
rnal
Fea
ture
s (M
AMIF
), w
as p
roto
type
d on
the
Mak
erbo
t Re
plic
ator
and
Obj
et st
ereo
litho
grap
hy 3
D pr
inte
r, an
d pr
oduc
ed o
n th
e EO
SIN
T M
270
Dire
ct M
etal
Las
er
Sint
erin
g (D
MLS
) mac
hine
. Non
-des
truc
tive
tech
niqu
es su
ch a
s ultr
ason
ic te
stin
g w
ere
utili
zed
to m
easu
re a
nd
char
acte
rize
the
dim
ensio
nal a
ccur
acy
in b
uild
ing
such
feat
ures
. Th
e re
sults
of t
his p
roje
ct w
ill b
e us
ed to
dev
elop
m
etho
ds u
sing
NDE
(non
-des
truc
tive
exam
inat
ion)
tech
niqu
es to
qua
lify
and
mea
sure
thes
e cr
itica
l geo
met
ries i
n m
etal
-bas
ed a
dditi
ve m
anuf
actu
ring.
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: B
owen
Zhi
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H13
7 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mar
ylan
d, C
olle
ge P
ark
Maj
or:
Com
pute
r Sci
ence
Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Soph
omor
e
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): N
o co
ncre
te p
lans
; pla
nnin
g to
hav
e a
care
er in
com
pute
r sci
ence
and
/or r
obot
ics.
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: En
gine
erin
g La
bora
tory
, Sys
tem
s Int
egra
tion
Divi
sion,
In
form
atio
n M
odel
ing
and
Test
ing
Grou
p N
IST
Rese
arch
Ad
viso
r: Do
nald
Lib
es
Title
of T
alk:
Se
eing
is B
elie
ving
: Visu
al D
ata
Anal
ytic
s for
Sm
art M
anuf
actu
ring
Abst
ract
: Vi
sual
izing
dat
a –t
rans
crib
ing
data
into
gra
phic
al fo
rms –
is a
use
ful t
ool f
or p
rese
ntin
g, a
naly
zing,
and
min
ing
data
. As o
ld a
s the
met
hod
is ho
wev
er, d
ata
visu
aliza
tion
is of
ten
used
poo
rly; v
isual
izing
a d
atas
et e
ffect
ivel
y in
an
intu
itive
, mea
ning
ful,
and
aest
hetic
ally
app
ealin
g w
ay c
an b
e de
cept
ivel
y di
fficu
lt. In
rece
nt y
ears
, the
shee
r am
ount
of d
ata
colle
cted
has
incr
ease
d, a
nd th
us th
e di
fficu
lty o
f visu
alizi
ng th
is da
ta e
ffect
ivel
y ha
s lik
ewise
in
crea
sed.
In
the
man
ufac
turin
g in
dust
ry, i
mpr
ovem
ents
and
opt
imiza
tions
to fa
ctor
y flo
or p
rodu
ctio
n sy
stem
s req
uire
the
anal
ysis
of la
rge
volu
mes
of d
ata
with
com
plex
stru
ctur
e, w
hich
in tu
rn re
quire
effe
ctiv
e da
ta v
isual
izatio
n m
etho
ds. T
hese
met
hods
wou
ld n
eed
to h
andl
e va
rious
type
s of d
ata:
raw
num
eric
sens
or d
ata
from
eac
h fa
ctor
y m
achi
ne (a
bout
pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion,
was
te, h
umid
ity, t
empe
ratu
re, n
oise
leve
ls, a
nd so
on)
, cat
egor
ical
and
nu
mer
ic d
ata
on th
e m
ater
ials
bein
g im
port
ed to
the
fact
ory,
as w
ell a
s mor
e ab
stra
ct d
ata
such
as m
achi
ne
spec
ifica
tions
, mat
hem
atic
al m
odel
s, a
lgor
ithm
resu
lts, a
nd b
usin
ess g
oals.
In th
is pr
ojec
t, w
e ev
alua
te v
ario
us
data
visu
aliza
tion
tech
niqu
es fo
r the
ir us
eful
ness
in v
isual
izing
this
mul
tidim
ensio
nal,
mul
tilay
ered
dat
a, w
hile
also
ta
king
into
acc
ount
com
puta
tion
com
plex
ity a
nd a
lgor
ithm
stru
ctur
e. W
e th
en fo
rmul
ate
som
e sp
ecifi
c da
ta
visu
aliza
tions
for p
oten
tial u
se in
dat
a an
alyt
ics f
or m
anuf
actu
ring,
with
the
goal
to th
en d
evel
op a
n in
terf
ace
to
impl
emen
t the
se v
isual
izatio
ns.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 120
SURF
Stu
dent
Col
loqu
ium
N
IST
– Ga
ither
sbur
g, M
D Au
gust
5-7
, 201
4
Nam
e: K
ayla
Zim
mer
man
G
rant
Num
ber
70N
ANB1
4H10
6 Ac
adem
ic In
stitu
tion:
App
alac
hian
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
M
ajor
: Ph
ysic
s Ac
adem
ic S
tand
ing
(Sep
t. ‘1
4):
Juni
or
Futu
re P
lans
(S
choo
l/Ca
reer
): Gr
adua
te sc
hool
for e
lect
rical
eng
inee
ring
NIS
T La
bora
tory
, Di
visi
on, a
nd G
roup
: Ph
ysic
al M
easu
rem
ents
Lab
orat
ory,
Sem
icon
duct
or a
nd D
imen
siona
l Met
rolo
gy D
ivisi
on,
Nan
oele
ctro
nics
Gro
up
NIS
T Re
sear
ch
Advi
sor:
Sujit
ra P
ookp
anra
tana
and
Chr
istin
a Ha
cker
Title
of T
alk:
El
ectr
ical
Mea
sure
men
ts o
f Mol
ecul
ar L
ayer
s by
Eute
ctic
Gal
lium
-Indi
um
Abst
ract
: O
rgan
ic m
olec
ules
are
app
ealin
g in
ele
ctro
nic
appl
icat
ions
bec
ause
they
are
che
ap, a
bund
ant,
and
can
be m
ade
so
that
they
hav
e sp
ecifi
c pr
oper
ties.
Whe
n us
ing
orga
nic
mol
ecul
es in
ele
ctro
nics
, it i
s nec
essa
ry to
ele
ctric
ally
co
nnec
t the
m, w
ithou
t dam
agin
g th
em, t
o th
e ou
tsid
e w
orld
. Eva
pora
tion
tech
niqu
es c
anno
t be
used
to m
ake
elec
tric
al c
onta
ct w
ith th
e m
olec
ular
laye
rs b
ecau
se th
e m
olec
ules
use
d ar
e or
gani
c an
d ca
nnot
with
stan
d th
e hi
gh te
mpe
ratu
res n
eede
d to
eva
pora
te m
etal
s with
out t
he m
olec
ules
bei
ng d
amag
ed a
nd/o
r cre
atin
g an
el
ectr
ical
shor
t to
the
bott
om c
onta
ct. I
nste
ad o
f usin
g co
nven
tiona
l eva
pora
tion
tech
niqu
es, w
e us
ed a
soft,
liq
uid
met
al a
s a n
on-d
estr
uctiv
e to
p co
ntac
t to
the
mol
ecul
ar la
yer.
We
are
deve
lopi
ng a
con
tact
form
atio
n te
chni
que
that
use
s eut
ectic
gal
lium
indi
um (E
-GaI
n) a
s a so
ft-m
etal
con
tact
pro
be to
mea
sure
the
elec
tric
al
prop
ertie
s of m
olec
ular
surf
aces
. The
met
al w
e us
ed w
as a
eut
ectic
of g
alliu
m a
nd in
dium
bec
ause
it is
non
vola
tile
and
nont
oxic
, and
is e
asie
r to
man
ipul
ate
than
oth
er m
ater
ials
that
are
use
d as
a to
p-el
ectr
ode.
To
ens
ure
that
the
E-Ga
In sy
stem
was
taki
ng a
ccur
ate
elec
tric
al d
ata,
we
fabr
icat
ed S
i/Au
junc
tions
and
mea
sure
d th
e di
rect
cur
rent
(DC)
cur
rent
-vol
tage
(I-V
) pro
pert
ies w
ith th
e eu
tect
ic sy
stem
and
a c
omm
erci
al p
robe
stat
ion.
W
e fin
d th
at if
the
mea
sure
men
ts a
re ta
ken
in th
e sa
me
cont
act c
onfig
urat
ion,
the
DC I-
V m
easu
rem
ents
are
ne
arly
iden
tical
to e
ach
othe
r. Af
ter t
his,
we
bega
n w
orki
ng to
war
ds ta
king
ele
ctric
al m
easu
rem
ents
dat
a of
di
ffere
nt m
olec
ular
laye
rs in
a p
atte
rned
-wel
l sub
stra
te. T
he se
lf-as
sem
bled
mon
olay
ers (
SAM
) tha
t wer
e in
vest
igat
ed a
re: o
ctad
ecan
ethi
ol, h
exad
ecan
ethi
ol, a
nd te
trad
ecan
ethi
ol. T
hese
thre
e m
olec
ules
all
have
the
sam
e he
ad a
nd ta
il gr
oups
, the
num
ber o
f met
hyl g
roup
s con
nect
ing
the
head
and
tail
grou
ps is
the
only
thin
g th
at c
hang
es. T
he m
olec
ular
qua
lity
was
mea
sure
d by
Fou
rier T
rans
form
Infr
ared
Spe
ctro
scop
y (F
TIR)
to e
nsur
e th
at w
e ha
d a
dens
e, o
rder
ed S
AM. T
his E
-GaI
n co
ntac
t tec
hniq
ue is
a p
rom
ising
met
hod
to n
on-d
estr
uctiv
ely
elec
tric
ally
con
tact
mol
ecul
ar la
yers
.
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 121
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Radford University Ashley, Joseph Modeling Grain Boundaries in Thin Film Photovoltaics
CNST
University of the District of Columbia
Baker, Collin Advanced Plasma Etching for High-Aspect-Ratio Nanometer Silicon (Si) Trenches
CNST
City University of New York
Chen, Jing Development of an Efficient, Fiber-Coupled Quantum Dot Single Photon Source
CNST
State University of New York Albany
Grisafe, Benjamin Design and Characterization of Phase Shifting Photomasks for I-Line Projection Lithography
CNST
University of Pittsburgh
Marksz, Eric Applications of Laser-Cooled Lithium Ion Source Focused Ion Beam Technology for Materials Analysis and Processing
CNST
Utah State University Pound, Benjamin Two-Dimensional Electron Gases at the Surface of Potassium Tantalate
CNST
Santa Clara College Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano
AFM Applications of Optomechanical Transduction by a Microdisk Resonator
CNST
University of Alabama Wallace, Sergei Modeling Laser Pulsed Heat Conduction in Solids for All-Optical Ferromagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
CNST
Boise State University Adams, Andrew Resilience: Planning for the Future EL University of Puerto Rico
Barrios Fuentes, Nathaniel
Utilizing ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 37 for Volumetric Airflow Uncertainty
EL
City University of New York
Bouizy, Zineb Designing Buildings for Wind Load EL
Pennsylvania State University
Brockett, Nathan Looking Inside the Process of Additive Manufacturing with Ultrasonics
EL
Saint John’s University Bujarski, Andrew Comparing Different Approaches for Measuring Environmental Performance in the Manufacturing Industry
EL
University of Michigan Capraro, Gianluca Advancing Manufacturing Process Diagnostics and Prognostics by Leveraging Supply Chain Strategies
EL
Syracuse University Cauffman, Stephen Improving Situational Awareness in Incident Responders Using Unmanned Aerial Systems
EL
University of Virginia Chu, David Understanding the Additive Manufacturing Digital Thread
EL
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 125
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Fayetteville State University
Clayton, Sabrena Evaluating Nanofilm Coatings to Prevent Flammability in Household Furniture
EL
University of Massachusetts Amherst
Dodd, Andrew Towards Developing Composability in Modeling and Simulation of Additive Manufacturing Processes
EL
Florida Institute of Technology
Dominguez, Alejandra Data Preprocessing and Characterization for Manufacturing Power Data
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Du, Nick Information Models for Sustainable Manufacture
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Eisenberg, Evan Flammability Reduction in Upholstered Furniture
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Elahi, Syed A New and Innovative Way to Conduct Uncertainty Analyses on HVAC&R Equipment!
EL
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Eurice, Gary Analysis of Factors in Photovoltaic EVA Degradation
EL
Smith College Flores, Yadira Measuring Sustainability in Commercial Buildings
EL
City University of New York
Ghouchani, Golnaz Data Mining Application in Web Services
EL
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Helsel, Michelle Standard Testing Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
EL
Hood College Hirani, Tarang BIRDS Residential: Measuring Sustainability
EL
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Jacques, Leonard Interfacial Shear Strength Measurements for Hybrid Nanocomposites Using Fiber “Push” Methods
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Jin, Shelley Mayday! Mayday!: Investigating the Performance of Radio Cables in High Temperature Environments
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Knizhnik, Gedaliah Semantic Interpretation of Bayesian Inference in a Manufacturing Scenario
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Krummel, Gregory Machine Learning for Adaptive Robot Coordination
EL
University of South Carolina
Kuprenas, Rachel An Analysis of the Effects of Simulation Parameters on CFD Aerodynamic Bluff Body Simulations Using Experimental Design Technique
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Land, Joshua MakerBot Round Robin Study: Manufacturing Plan Precision
EL
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 126
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
University of Maryland College Park
Lawler, Christopher Making the Robot Think Twice: Improvements to an Ontology-Based Agility Framework for Manufacturing Robotics
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Ledwell, James Augmented Reality for Smart Manufacturing: A Google Glass Exploratory Project
EL
Eastern Kentucky University
Leger, Shane The Application of Barrier Fabrics to Prevent Smoldering in Upholstered Furniture
EL
University of Maryland College Park
McCoy, Conor Development of Low-Cost Data Acquisition Devices for Extreme Hazard Applications
EL
Cornell University McGrattan, Susan Water Consumption in Manufacturing Processes
EL
University of Texas Dallas
Miller, Ryan Developing a Domain Specific Model Library and Supporting Tools for Manufacturing Modeling and Optimization
EL
Montgomery College Ngo, Dennis Identifying the Sources of Error in Atmospheric Transport Gases
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Oeste, Thomas The Impact of Human-Robot Collaboration
EL
Morehouse College Scott II, Paul Fun in the Sun: Characterization and Analysis of Photodegraded Polyethylene
EL
Florida Institute of Technology
Senatore, Jordan The Use of Discrete Event Simulation for Assuring the Performance of a Manufacturing System
EL
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Sikder, Nasif Semantic Refinement Tool Development
EL
Fayetteville State University
Thrift, Blake Examining Electrical Cable Degradation in Nuclear Power Plants
EL
University of Oklahoma Toms, Benjamin Large-Eddy Simulation of Flow Over a Backward Facing Step
EL
McLennan Community College
Trujillo, Jr., Victor Virtual Fusion: Human Presence in Manufacturing Simulation
EL
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Vane, Chelsea Application of Machine Learning Techniques for Manufacturing
EL
University of New Haven
Wiercinski, Scott Impact of Convective Heat on Firefighter Turnout Gear
EL
University of Illinois Willi, Joseph Impact of Different Hose Stream Applications During Fire Suppression
EL
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 127
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Case Western Reserve University
Zehnder, Calvin Dynamic Properties of Metals Used in Additive Manufacturing
EL
University of Virginia Zeng, Kevin Critical Geometries in Additive Manufacturing
EL
University of Maryland College Park
Zhi, Bowen Seeing is Believing: Visual Data Analytics for Smart Manufacturing
EL
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Alexander, Brandon R-separation of Laplace’s Equation in Rotationally-Invariant Cyclidic Coordinates
ITL
University of Maryland College Park
Bajcsy, Andrea Relating Quantitative Measurements to Human Assessments of Voting Ballot Mark Types
ITL
University of Maryland College Park
Catacora, Luis D3 Spatial Decomposition Visualization Validation Tool for Cement Hydration
ITL
Swarthmore College Collard, Jacob Automatic Ontologies: Standardized Terminology Generation for Document Comparison and Search
ITL
University of Oklahoma Dachowicz, Adam A Comparative Assessment of the LPV Algorithm for Materials Science Keyword Extraction
ITL
City University of New York
Ghouchani, Behnaz Developing New and More Efficient Ways to Solve the Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation (TDSE)
ITL
City University of New York
Gueye, Mohamed Leveraging Web Development Infrastructure for 2D and 3D Visualizations
ITL
American University Hirtenstein, Jessie Convergence of Magnus Integral Addition Theorems for Confluent Hypergeometric Functions in Terms of Bessel and Parabolic Cylinder Functions
ITL
Bowie State University Horbrook, Skye Real-Time Access Control Rule Fault Detection Using a Simulated Logic Circuit
ITL
Tulane University Kiffer, Lucianna Adjustments and Additions to the OOF Software
ITL
University of Maryland College Park
Kim, Timothy Large Image Visualization ITL
College of New Jersey Lessoff, Daniel Improvements in E-Mail Security: A DANE/Open PGP Test System
ITL
University of the District of Columbia
Mayo, Kamala Test and Measurement of Emerging Border Gateway Protocol Security Mechanism
ITL
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 128
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Millersville University of Pennsylvania
McAndrews, Jared Evaluation of Development Technologies and Usability Design for Cross-Platform/Cross-Device Biometric Applications
ITL
Smith College Milosavljevic, Maja Seasonal and Spatial Patterns in the Atmospheric Concentration of Greenhouse Gases
ITL
Brown University Oh, Sung-Ho Maximizing the Spread of Information in Communication Networks
ITL
Jackson State University
Olutade, Ayotunde Exploration of NIST Mass Spectroscopy Data with D3
ITL
University of Puerto Rico
Ortiz, Manuel Real-Time Analysis of Route Origin Validation of Border Gateway Update Stream
ITL
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Pan, Jane Identifying Distinct Regions in Multi-Material Microstructure Images with Clustering Algorithms
ITL
University of Texas Dallas
Ploehn, Cathryn The Authentication Equation: Visualizing the Convergence of Security and Usability of System-Generated Passwords
ITL
Bowie State University Sabbagh, Paul CPCC: A Cyber Physical Cloud Computing Testbed
ITL
Harvey Mudd College Scheffler, Sarah Proposals for NIST Standards on Generation of Random Primes for Cryptography
ITL
University of Maryland College Park
Siegel, Jacob Viewing Stem Cells in Three Dimensions on a Large Scale
ITL
Hood College Staples III, Robert Massive Virtualization and Its Effects on Software Entropy Sources
ITL
Smith College Stoudt, Sara Correcting Temperature Records for Biases Unrelated to the Climate
ITL
Saint Olaf College Stutzman, Mara Stem Cell Enumeration: Using Simulations to Inform Experimental Design
ITL
State University of New York Binghamton
Watrobski, Paul Software Defined Radio Development for Spectrum Monitoring
ITL
Stanford University Wu, Joseph Smart and Synchronized!: Modeling the Effect of Time Offset in Power Flows Across the Smart Grid
ITL
University of Maryland College
Kaplan, Maria Uniaxial Orientation of Polymers: Fabrication of Anisotropic Organic Semiconductor Films
MML/NCNR ChemBio
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 129
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Augsburg College Bier, Elianna Automated Live Cell Imaging of Stem Cells Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Bobbio, Lourdes Metrology and Optimization of Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Saint Olaf College Braafladt, Signe The Comet Assay: Methods for Quantitative Image Analysis and Reproducibility
MML/NCNR ChemBio
College of William and Mary
Dermer, Sonia 3-Dimensional Structures for the NIST Chemistry WebBook: My Journey from Molecular Optimization to Self-Optimization
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Alabama State University
Duncan, Shayla Development of a Standard Toxicity Assay for Nanomaterials Using Caenorhabditis elegans
MML/NCNR ChemBio
University of Maryland College Park
Golan, Rachel Toxicity of TiO2 Nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Reed College Ho, Ethan 3-Dimensional Structures for the NIST Chemistry WebBook: My Journey from Molecular Optimization to Self-Optimization
MML/NCNR ChemBio
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Jackson, Abigail New Generation Dental Resin Composites
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Montgomery College Le, My Duyen Investigating the Influence of Temperature and Acid Matrix on the Determination of Arsenic in the Arsenic Speciation Reference Standards
MML/NCNR ChemBio
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Maczka, Caitlyn Evaluating Dual Platforms for Bone and Vascular Regeneration
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Vanderbilt University Madonna, Megan Automating the Culture of Microbial Biofilms
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Middle Tennessee State University
Morgan, Brooke MIX 13: A NIST Interlaboratory Study on the Present State of DNA Mixture Interpretation
MML/NCNR ChemBio
University of Maryland College Park
Rachuri, Swaksha Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Adenylyl Cyclase Class II Secreted from Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
MML/NCNR ChemBio
Mary Baldwin College Rister, Alana Printing Drugs on Edible Substrates MML/NCNR ChemBio
Montgomery College Shetty, Martin Data Acquisition and Reduction Software for Multi-Detector Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis System at NCNR
MML/NCNR ChemBio
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 130
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Yale University Shi, Tanya Measuring the Concentration of Specific Metallic Ions in Solution Through Induced Nanoparticle Aggregation
MML/NCNR ChemBio
University of Maryland College Park
Solomon, Tsega Optimizing Online Proteolysis for Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange-Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS)
MML/NCNR ChemBio
State University of New York Binghamton
Anderson, Scott Micro-Viscometry of Reference mAB Protein Solution
MML/NCNR MatSci
Hamilton College Baer, Joelle See You on the Flipped Side: The Construction and Optimization of RF Coils Used to Flip 3He Polarization
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of South Florida
Byrnes-Blanco, Laura Examination of a 3D Printed Biocompatible Polymer for Stents
MML/NCNR MatSci
Arizona State University
Carpenter III, Joe Process Optimization of Polymer Solar Cells
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Florida Carter, Jared Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Phase Transitions in (Na,Li)(Nb,Ta)O3 Ceramics
MML/NCNR MatSci
Colorado School of Mines
Connor, Spencer Developing a System for Monitoring NCNR Fume Hood Radiation Levels
MML/NCNR MatSci
Montgomery College Degraft-Amanfu, Samuel
Characterizing Transport Properties in Bilayer Membranes for Next-Generation Desalination Technology
MML/NCNR MatSci
Purdue University Epling, John Mechanical Properties Characterization of Uniaxially Aligned Cellulose Nano-Crystal Films Utilizing Buckling Stabilities
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Michigan Eyers, Bryan The Effects of Shim Arm Depletion and Xenon Buildup on Estimated Critical Positions in NBSR for New- and Mid-Cycle Startups
MML/NCNR MatSci
Monmouth University Famularo, Nicole pH Dependence of Colloid Surface Interactions in Charged Depletion Systems
MML/NCNR MatSci
Otterbein University Gnewuch, Stephanie Neutron Powder Diffraction Experiments of Nitrogen and Oxygen Adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks to Estimate Adsorption Selectivity for Gas Separations
MML/NCNR MatSci
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 131
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
University of Maryland College Park
Goldman, Joshua Optical Calibration of Nanocalorimeter Chips Using Infrared Camera
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Maryland College Park
Graybill, Joshua Hydro-Mechanical Response of Thin-Film Polyelectrolyte Membrane Materials for Fuel Cells
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of California Berkeley
Hallock, Scott Super Sheet Metal Stressing: The Stimulating Design Process of Two Straining Devices
MML/NCNR MatSci
James Madison University
Heindel, Andrew Computational Methods to Analyze Small Angle Scattering Data of Biological Molecules & Free Energy Calculations to Validate Structural Ensembles
MML/NCNR MatSci
Clemson University Hernandez Sanchez, Jorge
Could Fish Help Treat Cancer? MML/NCNR MatSci
Montgomery College Horn, Jarod Evaluation CO2 Sorption Properties of Molecular Sieves with Distinct Pore Sizes and Extra-Framework Cations
MML/NCNR MatSci
Florida A&M University Hull, Alexander Reactor Data at Your Desk V2.0 MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Maryland College Park
Isser, Ariel Towards Robust, Universal Polymer Grafting
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Maryland College Park
Kordell, Alexander Materials Informatics for the Materials Genome Initiative
MML/NCNR MatSci
Rochester Institute of Technnology
Krasniak, Carolyn DNA-Controlled Purification of Carbon Nanotubes
MML/NCNR MatSci
Alfred University Kutzik, Daniel A Molecular Dynamics (MD) Study of Surfactant Self-Assembly on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs)
MML/NCNR MatSci
Marquette University Le, Hoan The Role of Size and Crystallinity on Magnetic Nanoparticle Response
MML/NCNR MatSci
Louisiana State University and A&M College
Lepkowski, Daniel Measurement of the Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni-Mn-Al Type Alloys
MML/NCNR MatSci
Mount Saint Mary’s University
Lesniewski, Joseph Interactive Data Analysis of Neutron Scattering Data
MML/NCNR MatSci
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Lichtman, David Reproduction and Characterization of Commercial Cu-Ni-Zn Alloys
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Maryland College Park
Marin, David An Extraordinary Hall Effect Susceptometer for Fast Measurements of Magnetic Media
MML/NCNR MatSci
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 132
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
University of Maryland College Park
Mittal, Rohan Unidirectional Ballistic Resistant Laminates
MML/NCNR MatSci
Boise State University Nelson, Eric Modeling Materials for a Better Tomorrow: Computational Studies of Carbon Capture Materials MIL-53 and BPene
MML/NCNR MatSci
Geneva College Newman, Bonnie Extensional Flow-SANS of Worklike Micelles
MML/NCNR MatSci
James Madison University
Oehler, Matthew Rhodopsin/G-Protein Solution Studies via Nanodisc Lipid Bilayer
MML/NCNR MatSci
Boise State University Papac, Meagan Multi-Scale Characterization of Selective Sorbent Materials Through X-Ray Scattering Techniques
MML/NCNR MatSci
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Reynolds, Christopher RM for Strain Measurements in SEM
MML/NCNR MatSci
Rowan University Scott, Charles Micro- and Meso-Porous Structure Analysis of CO2 Capture Materials Using Gas Sorption
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Texas Austin
Self, Jeffrey Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering of Methanol Aggregates
MML/NCNR MatSci
Pennsylvania State University York
Shaikh, Komal Stress Development in Flowable Dental Resins Using a Cantilever Beam-Based Device
MML/NCNR MatSci
Alabama State University
Stewart, Shakeria Assessing Antibacterial Properties of Novel Dental Resins Containing Titanium Nanoparticles
MML/NCNR MatSci
Lehigh University Stritch, Kyle FORC Measurements Using the Anomalous Hall Effect: A FeCuPtL10 Case Study
MML/NCNR MatSci
Boise State University Talley, Kevin Optimization and Characterization of Perovskite Oxides as Potential Thermoelectric Materials
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Texas Austin
Tein, Ying-Heng The Characterization of Relative Hydrogen-Bonding Strengths in AB Block Copolymer/C Homopolymer Blends
MML/NCNR MatSci
Rowan University Torres, James Cold Source Engineers: Maintenance and Operation of the PeeWee Cold Source
MML/NCNR MatSci
Juniata College Turmanian, Teresa Magnetic Ground State of Industrial Sensors
MML/NCNR MatSci
American University Verdi, Mark Calculating Electrostatic Properties Using Lévy Flights
MML/NCNR MatSci
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 133
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Case Western Reserve University
Wade, Matthew Calculation Hansen Solubility Parameters for Organic Solar Cells by the Cohesive Energy Density Method
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Washington
West, Aaron Exploring the Structure of Surfactants with Rheo-SANS in Two Dimensions
MML/NCNR MatSci
University of Maryland College Park
Wong, Christopher Enzymatic Biodegradation of Traditional and Novel Restorative Dental Resins
MML/NCNR MatSci
State University of New York Binghamton
Adhikari, Anil Non-Destructive Analysis of Thermal Stress in Copper Through-Silicon Via Using Time Domain Reflectometry
PML/ElecEng
City University of New York
Bravo Parraga, Karla Electronic Test Equipment Interface with LabVIEW for Charge Based Capacitance
PML/ElecEng
Bates College Briggs, Andrew Raman and Infrared Studies of Few Layered TaSe2
PML/ElecEng
State University of New York Albany
Brisbois, Chase Probe-Assisted Deterministic Doping
PML/ElecEng
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Dhanasekaran, Vignesh Improvement of Systematic Uncertainties in Mass Calibration Using Robotic Comparators
PML/ElecEng
City University of New York
Fallon, James Automating the Calibration of DMM Calibrators and Navigation Systems
PML/ElecEng
Wake Forest University Fogel, Derek Residual Additive in Organic Photovoltaics
PML/ElecEng
James Madison University
Leaman, Eric Gravimetry for the NIST-4 Watt Balance
PML/ElecEng
State University of New York Binghamton
Levine, Casey Parallel Programming to Quickly Generate Libraries of Images for 3D SEM-Based Dimensional Measurements
PML/ElecEng
State University of New York Binghamton
Michelson, Jonathan Scanning Microwave Microscopy: A Promising Technique for 3D-IC Subsurface Metrology
PML/ElecEng
State University of New York Binghamton
O’Brien, Edward High Resistance Characterization to 100 TΩ
PML/ElecEng
University of Puerto Rico
Sandoval Casas, Jennifer
Testing an Electrical Power Frequency Disturbance Recorder (FDR) Device
PML/ElecEng
University of Puerto Rico
Serrano Garcia, William Fabrication and Electrical Characterization of Rubrene Single - Crystal
PML/ElecEng
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 134
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
Colorado School of Mines
Taylor, Timothy Interfacing a Charge Based Capacitance Measurement Device with Atomic Force Microscopy
PML/ElecEng
Appalachian State University
Zimmerman, Kayla Electrical Measurements of Molecular Layers by Eutectic Gallium-Indium
PML/ElecEng
Carnegie Mellon University
Addiego, Christopher Simulation of an Ion Beamline for Isotopically Enriched Silicon Deposition
PML/Physics
Elizabeth City State University
Agyapong, Ama Measuring Three-Dimensional Angle of Through-Silicon via Using TSOM Method
PML/Physics
Saint Mary’s College of Maryland
Andre, Laura Laser Interferometry for Radiation Dosimetry
PML/Physics
State University of New York Geneseo
Bienstock, Mollie Calibration of 22Na Using the Sum-Peak Counting Method
PML/Physics
Tulane University Byron, William Residual Gas Effect on aCORN PML/Physics El Camino Community College
Cisneros, Freddy Evaluation of a New Dosimeter for Industrial Radiation Processing
PML/Physics
Miami University of Ohio
Clements, Ethan Feedback Controlled Magnetic Field Zeroing for Rare Earth Quantum Memory
PML/Physics
West Virginia Wesleyan College
Cronise, Lauren CT Imaging of the Lungs and Investigation of Dual Energy CT
PML/Physics
Colorado School of Mines
Cummings, Austin Microscene Grave Detection via Hyperspectral Imaging
PML/Physics
Juniata College Debrecht, Alexander Describing the Quantum Character of Metallic Nanoparticle Plasmons
PML/Physics
Denison University Dungan, Kristina Ultra High Speed Electronics for Single-Photon Detection in Quantum Key Distribution
PML/Physics
Oberlin College Fein, Mira Creating a Color Preference Index PML/Physics College of William and Mary
Guidry, Melissa Characterizing the First All-Biological Single Photon Source
PML/Physics
Colorado School of Mines
Hillberry, Logan Spectral Unifority: The HIP Way PML/Physics
Bryn Mawr College Jaber, Noura Exploring the Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Materials with Raman Spectroscopy
PML/Physics
University of Maryland College Park
Jamgochian, Arec Development of a High Resolution Photonic Spectrometer
PML/Physics
Rowan University Kosior, Jesse Investigating Methods for Safe Vaccine Transportation
PML/Physics
North Carolina State University
Lineberry, Jacob Simulation of Cosmic and Background Radiation Through Detector Shielding
PML/Physics
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 135
UNIVERSITY STUDENT TITLE OF TALK OU
University of Rochester Sitaram, Ananya Creating a Fast Piezo-Actuated Mirror for the Elimination of Fiber Noise
PML/Physics
Arizona State University
Ward, Jacob Analysis of Fe V and Ni V Wavelength Standards in the Vacuum Ultraviolet
PML/Physics
2014 SURF Colloquium Page 136