Post on 12-Jan-2016
3/24/2015
Starter:
Plants Plants
Application/Connection/Exit:Plant Notes
Students will check what is going on with their materials from spoiled milk lab
Students will check growth of bacteria from Resistance lab
What do you know about plants?Practice:Write down 3 facts
185 186
1 Starter2. Notes
March 23, 2015AGENDA
B. 8 A
B.10B Describe the interactions that
occur among systems that perform the functions of transport,
reproduction, and response in plants.
Date Lecture/ Activity/ Lab Page2/12 Ordering Fossils Activity 161-1622/13 Evidence of Fossils 163-1642/17 Test Review 165-1662/19-20 Classification 167-1682/23 Dichotomous Key Notes 169-1702/24 Dichotomous Key Project 171-1723/5 Cladagrams 173-1743/16 Bacteria, Viruses, and Protista 175-1763/17 Virus lab 177-1783/18 Virus Model 179-1803/19 Bacteria Lab 181-1823/23 Antibiotic Resistance Lab 183-1843/26 Intro to plants 185-186
Table of Contents
4
Introductio
n to the Plant
Kingdomcopyright cmassengale
5
Early Ancestors
Aquatic to Terrestrial Life
copyright cmassengale
6
Aquatic Ancestor Closest living
species to a possible land plant ancestor
Group of green algae
Called Charyophyceans
Chara
copyright cmassengale
7
Algae & Land Plant Similarities
Both contain chlorophylls a and b
Have chloroplasts with stacks of thylakoids
Store starch in plastids Cellulose in cell walls Go through Alternation of
Generations life Cyclecopyright cmassengale
8
Terrestrial Habitat
Aquatic Habitat
copyright cmassengale
9
Living in Aquatic Environments
Plants surrounded by water so don’t dry out
Sperm swims to egg Water supports plant Plants stay in upper surface
near light Absorb nutrients from the
H2O copyright cmassengale
10
Plant Adaptations to Land
Problems: Need
minerals Gravity Increase in
Height for Light
Adaptations for Drier environment
Reproduction
Solutions: Roots absorb H2O &
minerals Lignin & cellulose in
cell walls Vascular Transport
System Waxy cuticle &
stomata with guard cells
Pollen containing sperm
copyright cmassengale
11
How Are Plants All Alike?
copyright cmassengale
12
Plant Characteristics
Multicellular Autotrophic (photosynthesis) Chlorophylls a and b in thylakoid
membranes Surrounded by cell walls
containing cellulose (polysaccharide)
Store reserve food as amylose (starch)
copyright cmassengale
13
Plant Reproduction
Alternation of generations life cycle
Diploid (2n) sporophyte stage
Haploid (1n) gametophyte stage
Produce multicellular embryo protected inside multicellular haploid (gametophyte egg sac) tissue
copyright cmassengale
14
Plant Reproduction Diploid (2n) sporophyte
stage produces haploid spores by meiosis
Haploid spores undergo mitosis to produce gametophyte stage
Gametophyte makes gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis
Zygote (2n) produces the new sporophyte
copyright cmassengale
15
Alternation of Generations
2n Sporophyte
2n gametophyte
1n pollen
Ovary with 1n ovules (eggs)
2n seed with plant embryo
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
copyright cmassengale
16
Plant
Divisions
copyright cmassengale
17
Taxonomy Plants are
divided into two groups
Based on the presence or absence of an internal transport system for water and dissolved materials
Called Vascular System
Vascular Bundles
copyright cmassengale
18
Vascular System Xylem tissue carries water
and minerals upward from the roots
Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used
Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or phloem
copyright cmassengale
19
Nonvascular Plants
Do not have vascular tissue for support or conduction of materials
Called Bryophytes
Require a constantly moist environment
Moss Gametophytes & Sporophytes
Sporophyte stage
Gametophyte Stage
copyright cmassengale
20
Nonvascular Plants
Plants can’t grow as tall Cells must be in direct contact with moisture
Materials move by diffusion cell-to-cell
Sperm must swim to egg through water droplets
copyright cmassengale
21
Nonvascular Plants
Includes mosses (Bryophyta), liverworts (Hepatophyta), and hornworts (Antherophyta)
Liverworts Hornwortscopyright cmassengale
22
Main Parts of Vascular Plants
Shoots-Found above ground-Have leaves
attached- Photosynthetic part
of plant Roots
-Found below ground-Absorb water &
minerals-Anchor the plant
copyright cmassengale
23
Vascular Plants
Also called Tracheophytes
Subdivided into two groups -- Seedless vascular plants and Seed-bearing vascular plants
Club Mosscopyright cmassengale
24
Seedless Vascular Plants
Includes club moss (Lycophyta), horsetails (Sphenophyta), whisk ferns (Psilophyta), and ferns (Pterophyta)
HorsetailsWhisk ferns copyright cmassengale
25
Seed-Producing Vascular Plants
Includes two groups – Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
Gymnosperms have naked seeds in cones
Angiosperms have flowers that produce seeds to attract pollinators and produce seeds
copyright cmassengale
26
Gymnosperms
Coniferophyta are known as conifers
Includes pine, cedar, spruce, and fir
Cycadophyta – cycads
Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Ginkg
o
Cycad
copyright cmassengale
27
Gymnosperms
Contains the oldest living plant – Bristle cone pine
Contains the tallest living plant – Sequoia or redwood copyright cmassengale
28
Angiosperms Flowering plants Seeds are formed when
an egg or ovule is fertilized by pollen in the ovary
Ovary is within a flower Flower contains the
male (stamen) and/or female (ovaries) parts of the plant
Fruits are frequently produced from these ripened ovaries (help disperse seeds)
copyright cmassengale
29
Angiosperms
Division Anthophyta Subdivided into two groups –
Monocots and Dicots Monocots have a single seed
cotyledon Dicots have two seed
cotyledons
copyright cmassengale
30
Monocots Parallel
venation in leaves
Flower parts in multiples of 3
Vascular tissue scattered in cross section of stem
copyright cmassengale
31
Dicots Net venation
in leaves Flower parts
in multiples of 4 or 5
Vascular tissue in rings in cross section of stem copyright cmassengale
3/24/2015
Starter:
Plants Plants
Application/Connection/Exit:Plant Notes
Students will check what is going on with their materials from spoiled milk lab
Students will check growth of bacteria from Resistance lab
What do you know about plants?Practice:Write down 3 facts
185 186