A&P STC CDE Competition Protecting Military Platforms 3 December 2013

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04 December 2013

• Introductions • Future Force 2020 • Protecting military platforms challenges 1 & 2 • Protecting military platforms challenge 3 • Administration

Agenda

Future Force 2020: Adaptable, Modular and Cost Effective

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04 December 2013

The Future ...the land force must maintain a credible, and demonstrable, persistent capacity to defeat adaptive, hybrid adversaries…[who] can cause devastating damage through the innovative use of low-cost weapons, effectively neutralising the benefits of advanced weaponry…force protection will continue to be about the identification, analysis and management of risk in order to enable, rather than constrain, freedom of action.

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04 December 2013

Cost

• Cost first, as it drives everything else…

• Modify existing platforms

• Use on various vehicles, not a single one

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04 December 2013

Future conflicts

• COIN

• MCO

• Something else?

• We think more urban…

• We are only sure that we don’t know…

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04 December 2013

Threats

• Threat profiles can change very quickly…

• What we know now…

• Similar, but somewhere else…

• Conventional forces…

• …or all at the same time in some form or another

• Defeated conventional forces tend to turn insurgent

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04 December 2013

Deployment profile • Start off needing light vehicles

• Situation develops such that heavy protection is

needed

• But…it is appreciated that vehicles cannot be

protected that much if the start point is too low…

• …but what can be achieved?

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04 December 2013

Environments

• Where will we be?

• More urban population – easy to move (top attack

risk)

• But…not all cities are developed…insurgents will run

to the country if we secure the cities…

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04 December 2013

Logistics • Movement on and off the vehicle – we do not want a

huge logistic load, mounted or otherwise • Size is an issue as much as weight – fly heavy/ fly

light options • Logistic Lift:

• Need to be able to shift armour packs from A to B – how makes all the difference

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04 December 2013

Practicalities • Needs to be adaptable – threat, environment –

applique!

• Scalable protection to meet appropriate level of risk

• Operated under situations of considerable stress

• Needs to be simple

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04 December 2013

• Introductions • Future Force 2020 • Protecting military platforms challenges 1 & 2 • Protecting military platforms challenge 3 • Administration

Agenda

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Armour & Protection Science & Technology Centre

CDE Themed Competition Dec 2013 Protecting Military Platforms

Challenges 1 & 2

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CDE themed competition • Some background

– The areas we cover

• The need for research and development • Topics for future development

• The CDE themed competition

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The areas we cover • Exhaustive list:

– Dismounted Close Combat – Mounted Close Combat – Logistic Platforms – Military Bases – Battlefield Aircraft – Littoral Platforms – Maritime……….. (Challenge 3)

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04 December 2013

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The need for R&D • Changes within UK Armed Forces

– Maj. Chris Cameron

• Uncertainty regarding the nature of future conflict • Smaller, lighter, cheaper (and lower power consumption) • All the –ities !!

– Adaptability – Modularity – Reliability – Commonality – Upgradeability

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04 December 2013

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Background • Armour & Protection is only one contributor to

Integrated Survivability • All the “onion layers” of survivability contribute

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04 December 2013

Photo: Copyright B J James

Mitigate damage

Don’t be penetrated

Don’t be hit

Don’t be targeted

Don’t be seen

Don’t be there

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Other contributors to survivability • The best armour in the world will not protect you

if you do not have it !!! • Armour needs to be (all the –ables!):

– Affordable – Purchasable – Reliable – Maintainable – Replaceable – Transportable – Recyclable

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04 December 2013

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So what do we need to do? • Enable deployment of armour & protection that is

– Easier – Cheaper – Faster – More effective – More agile – More re-usable – Cheaper to dispose of – Cheaper to transport – Cheaper to own

• Better across all the Defence Lines of Development

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Defence Lines of Development • DLODs

– Training – Equipment – Personnel – Information – Doctrine & Concepts – Organisation – Infrastructure – Logistics (ie Sustainability)

TEPID OIL

A major driver across all DLODs

is COST

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COST – What is it? • Manufacturing cost • Purchase price • Cost of security • Cost of use • Cost of maintenance, repair, inspection (to ensure

integrity) • Cost of replacement (damaged armour)

– Not necessarily equivalent to original purchase price

• Cost of disposal

• What is the performance benefit vs. cost burden?

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Generic Armour Mounting Systems • Allows adaptability

– We do not know what we will need in the future – Train light - fight heavy

• Allows modularity – Different protection for different areas – Additive protection – Mix of protection technologies – Transfer of modules across platform / platforms

• Intramodularity, Intermodularity • Enables commercial competition • Enhances survivability • Reduces cost of ownership

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CVR(T) Designed 1967 In Service 1970 Enhanced 2011

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Generic Armour Mounting System • Existing appliqué armour

– Slow response time to a rapidly changing threat – Bespoke to each platform – Time consuming to fit and maintenance access restricted

• Requirements

– An ability to rapidly upgrade protection on a range of platforms in the field

– Modularity (ie layering of protection) – Minimal impact on maintenance access

• Solution: simple, standardised fixings which enable

rapid fitting and removal of appliqué armour

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Observations from current platforms • The problems………

– Lack of mounting points results in complex solutions – Modification of the platform takes time – Complexity and time taken to fit appliqué is an issue – Routine maintenance and repairs take longer – Lack of commonality between platforms – Bar armour fits require a varied range of brackets etc. – Different variants of the same vehicle and tolerances

• Progress has been made

– Commonality between Titan and Trojan – Bulldog solution is indicative of the way forward – Commonality between CRARRV, Warrior and Bulldog

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TROJAN

TITAN

TITAN

Titan & Trojan Mounting Commonality

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Bulldog, Warrior & CRARRV True Commonality

CRARRV

BULLDOG WARRIOR

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Bulldog

Addition of mounting bosses to the hull and the use of an adaptor plate provide ‘upgradeability’

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CDE themed competition • Challenge 1: Modular armour

– Design and analysis of the performance of mounting systems for armour and protection modules, optimised for rapid reconfiguration

• Challenge 2: Armour technology

– Active or dynamic technologies – Sacrificial systems – Modelling and simulation techniques and methods – Electro-magnetic fields and high density electrical charge storage

• Challenge 3: Maritime armour

– Low cost, lightweight ballistic & spall protection for maritime platforms

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04 December 2013

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CDE themed competition • Particular aspects of challenge 1:

– Generic Mounting Systems will need to be compatible with the Generic Vehicle Architecture and its specific conditions

– Exploitation pathway • CDE projects for phase 1 – standard CDE T&Cs apply • Potential for phase 2 projects with DE&S (TDP), terms

negotiated as appropriate with DE&S Integrated Project Team

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04 December 2013

UNCLASSIFIED

• Introductions • Future Force 2020 • Protecting military platforms challenges 1 & 2 • Protecting military platforms challenge 3 • Administration

Agenda

Armour and Protection Science and Technology Centre

Protecting Military Platforms Challenge 3 – Maritime

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04 December 2013

Maritime domain • Warships require ballistic protection

– Counter terrorism, counter piracy, etc

• Maritime-specific requirements – Unlikely to need modular fits

• Installed at build to meet threat specification

– Must have low flammability and toxicity – Marinised (eg corrosion-resistance) – Different mass efficiency requirements,

based on managing the ship stability margins

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04 December 2013

Maritime domain • Maritime-specific requirements (contd)

– Ideally provide multi-functional requirement • eg ballistic protection and passive fire

insulation or protection

– Much larger areas than in land platforms – Particularly interested in low-cost options – Will only protect High Value Compartments

(HVC), not the entire platform – Will be internal to the ship’s structure

• Potential for increasing efficiencies using the ship’s structure, spacing and stand-off

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04 December 2013

Type 45 – 153m long

Warrior– 6.5 long

Vessel structure

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04 December 2013

Challenge 3 – Maritime • Demonstrate proof of principle • Protection against ballistic threats

– Armour-piercing rounds and fragments

• Can use the ship’s structure as part of the protection scheme

• Low cost options – Armour manufacture and materials – Integration onto the platform

• Complex surfaces, stiffeners, service runs, cabling, etc

• Evolution of current technologies from the land domain – Still innovative and relevant to maritime requirements

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04 December 2013

Summary • Protection against armour piercing rounds and fragments • Innovative low-cost and weight-efficient protection ideas sought

– Low-cost materials – Low-cost installation

• Can be evolution of land-based solution if meet maritime needs • Structure can be used

– Defeat threat at internal bulkhead as opposed to shell plate – Solutions still welcome at shell plate for certain applications

• Modularity not high priority – Integrated into ship at build

• Promising solutions will be assessed further as part of core research

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© Crown copyright 2013 Dstl

04 December 2013

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• Introductions • Future Force 2020 • Protecting military platforms challenges 1 & 2 • Protecting military platforms challenge 3 • Administration

Agenda

• Technical enquiries to: aandpstcenquiries@dstl.gov.uk • General enquiries to: cde@dstl.gov.uk • Proposals for funding must be submitted by 17:00 hrs on

23 January 2014 using the Centre for Defence Enterprise Portal

• Mark all proposals for this themed competition with “Protecting Military Platforms + challenge 1, 2 or 3” as a prefix in the title

Administration (1)

• Webinar – 12 December 2013 • Competition close - 23 January 2014 17:00 hrs • Contract placement initiated and feedback provided -

March 2014 • All CDE projects to be completed by March 31 2015

Administration (2)

• There is no cap on the value of proposals, but it is more likely that at this stage a larger number of lower value proposals (eg £30k—£80k) will be funded

• £810k is available for challenges 1 & 2 • £360k is available for challenge 3 • Proposals meeting the criteria set out in challenges 1-3

from consortia or groups of contractors are welcome

Administration (3)