Post on 23-Jan-2016
2AGRAMMAR
Reflexive Verbs
Do you remember your Indirect Object Pronouns (IOP)?
me (to or for me)
te (to or for you)
le (to or for him, her, it)
nos (to or for us)
les (to or for them, you all)
Placement of IOP?
• Indirect Object Pronouns, me, te, le, nos, and les are placed either before a conjugated verb or attached to the end of an infinitive.
Before the verb or after the infinitive:
Before the verb:• Le vas a dar el libro a Elena?• Sí, le voy a dar el libro a Elena.
After the infinitive:• Vas a darle el libro a Elena?• Sí, voy a darle el libro a Elena.
Reflexive Verbs• Reflexive verbs are used to tell
that a person does something to or for him- or herself.• Reflexive verbs have two parts:
a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, se) and a verb form.
Reflexive Verbs Lavar: To wash
LAVARSE : to wash oneself
VerbForm
ReflexivePronoun
• In English, we really don’t identify with reflexive verbs. So these will seem strange to you.• In English, a sentence using a “so
called” reflexive verb might be…• Lauren brushes her hair.• Scott bathes himself.
Reflexive Verbs• You must remember that
these are actions being done to oneself, by oneself.
For example: Lavar: To washI wash my (my own) hair.T: Me lavo el pelo
Reflexive Pronouns
metese
nos
se
LAVARSE: TO WASH ONESELF
• I wash myself = LAVARME• You wash yourself = LAVARTE• He, She, It washes himself = LAVARSE• We wash ourselves = LAVARNOS• They wash themselves = LAVARSE
What’s another way to say it?
LAVARSEme lavo
te lavas
se lava
nos lavamos
se lavan
• They can either go before a conjugated verb or after an infinitive.
Before the verb:•Me voy a lavar el pelo. After the infinitive:•Voy a lavarme el pelo.
Let’s do more verbs! CEPILLARSE=to brush oneself*Yo me Cepillo *Nosotros nos cepillamos*Cepillarme *Cepillarnos
*Tu te cepillas*Cepillarte
*El/Ella se cepilla *Ellos/Ellas se cepillan*Cepillarse *Cepillarse
DUCHARSE=to shower oneself*Yo me ducho *Nosotros nos duchamos*Ducharme *Ducharnos
*Tu te duchas*Ducharte
*El/Ella se ducha *Ellos/Ellas se duchan*Ducharse *Ducharse
VESTIRSE=to dress oneself*Yo me visto *Nosotros nos vestimos*Vestirme *Vestirnos
*Tu te vistes*Vestirte
*El/Ella se viste *Ellos/Ellas se visten*Vestirse *Vestirse
2A GRAMMAR
Ser Vs. Estar
SER VS. ESTAR• You already know the verbs
SER and ESTAR. They both mean “to be”• SER is an irregular verb, just
like ESTAR, so you must memorize all its forms.
SER = to beYo soy
Tú eres
Ud.Él esElla
Nosotros somos
Uds.Ellos sonEllas
ESTAR = to beYo estoy
Tú estás
Ud.Él estáElla
Nosotros estamos
Uds.Ellos estánEllas
• There are certain occasions in which you will use either SER or ESTAR.
Estar Ser-Location -Time and Date-Temporary -Nationality Condition -Profession
-Characteristic-Nouns(compare)
Examples for ESTAR*El libro está en la mesa= LOCATIONT: The book is on the table*Eduardo está ocupado= T.CT: Eduardo is busy*Yo estoy en Guatemala= LOCATIONT: I am in Guatemala*Ana y Luisa están enfermas= T.C.T: Ana and Luisa are sick.
Examples for SER*Son las dos y media = T&DT: It is two thirty*Yo soy americana = NationalityT: I am american*Es el veinte de noviembre= T&DT: It is the twentieth of November
Examples for SER*Tú eres de Costa Rica = NationalityT: You are from Costa Rica*Rebeca es muy alta = CharacteristicT: Rebeca is so tall*Garfield es un gato= NounT: Garfield is a cat*Tú eres estudiante = ProfessionT: You are a student
2BGRAMMAR
Possessive Adjectives
• In Spanish there are NO apostrophes.• You cannot say: Jorge’s dog • You must say: The dog of Jorge *Which is not correct in English
but correct in Spanish, like this:• El perro de Jorge.
• The concept of showing possession is when using “de + noun.”
For example:
*Tengo el letrero de Felipe.T: I have Felipe’s sign.* El hermano de Maria usa el gel .T: Maria’s brother uses the gel.
Possessive Adjectives• Adjectives DESCRIBE nouns,
correct? Well, they can also show possession.• Here are the possessive adjectives
in English: my, your, his, her, our, and their.• It like saying “my dog, your house,
his notebook, etc.”
Posessive Adjectivessingular
mi / mis (my)
tu / tus (your)
su / sus (his,her) or (your f.)
pluralnuestro a, os,
as (our)
su / sus (their)
The possessive adjective must be singular if the noun is singular and plural if the noun is plural.Some examples: mi hermano mis hermanos tu abuela tus abuelas su hijo sus hijos nuestro tío nuestros tíos su tía sus tías
Let’s practice….S:Mi prima es alta.P:Mis primas son altas.S: Te importa la talla?P: Te importan las tallas?S: Me importa mi estiloP: Me importan mis estilos