Order Xenarth

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Order Xenarthra

is a group of placental mammals existent today only in the South and Central America and represented by anteaters, tree sloths, and armadillos.

Xenarthrans were previously classified as order Edentata (meaning toothless, because the members do not have front incisor teeth and lack, or have poorly developed, molars).

The name Xenarthra means "strange joints", and was chosen because their vertebral joints have extra articulations and are unlike those of any other mammals. 

Order Xenarthra

Anteater

Sloth

Armadillo

Order Pholido

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Order Pholidota

An odd group of mammals whose bodies are covered with overlapping horny scales formed from fused bundles of hair.

Their home is in tropical Asia and Africa.

Only seven living species of mammal are included in the Pholidota, the pangolins or scaly anteaters. There are four species in Africa and three in southeast Asia.

Pangolins

Order Lagomorph

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Order Lagomorpha

The name of the order is derived from the Greek lagos ("hare") and morphē ("form"). There are about eighty species of lagomorph, which include thirty species of pika, twenty species of rabbits and cottontails, and thirty species of hares.

With long, constantly growing incisors, like rodents, but unlike rodents, they have an additional pair of piglike incisors growing behind the first pair.

there are two living families: the Leporidae (hares and rabbits) and the Ochotonidae (pikas).

Rabbits and hare

pika

Rabbits

Hares

Pikas

Order Rodenti

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Order RodentiaMost numerous of all mammals

both in numbers and species.

Characterized by two pairs of chisel-like incisors that grow throughout life and are adapted for gnawing.

With their impressive reproductive rate, adaptability, and capacity to invade nearly in terrestrial habitats, they are of great ecological important.

1. Sciuridae – squirrels and woodchucks

Important families of this order are:

squirrels

woodchuck

2. Muridae – rats and house mice

rats

housemice

3. Castoridae – beavers

4. Erethizontidae – porcupines

5. Geomyidae – pocket gophers

6. Cricetidae – hamsters, deer mice, gerbils, voles, lemmings

Order Carnivo

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Order Carnivora

Flesh eating mammals: dogs, wolves, cats, bears, weasels, seals, sea lions, walruses

All except the giant panda, have predatory habits, and their teeth are especially adapted for eating flesh; most have canines for killing prey.

Among more familiar families are:

1. Canidae (dog family)

dogfox

wolf

coyote

2. Felidae (Cat Family)

3. Ursidae – bears

4. Procyonidae - raccoons

5. Mustelidae (fur-bearing family)

6. Otarlidae (eared seals) – fur seals and sea lions

Order Tubulidenta

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Order Tubulidentata

• aardvark

Aardvark is dutch term for earth pig, apeculiar animal with a piglike body found in Africa

Aardvark

Order Proboscid

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Largest of living land animals, with two upper incisors elongated as tucks, and well developed molar teeth.

Order Proboscidae

Two species:•Asiatic or Indian elephants (Elephas Maximus)- Have long been partly domesticated and trained to do heavy tasks

•Taming of African elephants (Loxodonta africana)- Is more difficult but was done extensively by ancient Carthaginians and Romans, who employed them in their armies

Order Hyracoid

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Order Hyracoidea

•Hyraxes (coneys)

Coneys are herbivores restricted to Africa and Syria.They have some resemblance to short-eared rabbits but have teeth like rhinoceroses, with hooves on their toes and pads on their feet.

•They have four toes on their front feet and three toes on the back.

Order Sirenia

• sea cows (dugong) and manatees

Order Sirenia

Large, clumsy, aquatic mammals with large head, no hindlimbs, and forelimbs modified into flippers.

The sea cow of tropical coastlines of East Africa, Asia, and Australia and three species of manatees of the Caribbean area and Florida, amazon River, and West Africa are the only living species.

Sea cows (dugong)

Manatees

Order Perissodacty

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• Odd-toed hoofed animals- mammals having an odd number of

toes (one or three)Horses, asses, zebras, tapirs,

rhinoceroses

Order Perissodactyla

horse zebra rhinoceros

• Both Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla are often reffered to as ungulates or hoofed mammals, with teeth adapted for grinding plants.

Order Artiodacty

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• Even-toed hoofed mammals- Animals having even number of toes

(two or four)

Order Artiodactyla

• Swine• Camels• Deer• Giraffes• Hippopotamus

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• Antelopes• Cattle• Sheep• Goats

Three suborders:

• Suina – pigs, peccaries and hippopotamuses• Tylopoda – camels• Ruminantia – deers, giraffes,

sheep, cattle

deer

swine

cattle

Order Cetacea

• whales, dolphins, porpoises• Anterior limbs of cetaceans are modified

into broad flippers; posterior limbs are absent.

• Nostrils are represented by a single or double blowhole on top of the head.

• They have no hair except the mammary and those of the eye, no ear and small eyes.

Order Cetacea

The order is divided into:• Toothed whales (suborder

Odontoceti)- represented by dolphins, porpoises and

sperm whales

• Baleen whales (suborder Mysticeti)

- represented by rorquals, right whales, and gray whales.

whales

dolphins

porpoises

THANK YOU!

Prepared by:Berlyn Jean D. Bagcat

BEEd – 3D2