Post on 26-Mar-2020
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP The information in this document is the property of Energy Technologies Institute LLP and may not be copied or communicated to a third party, or used for any purpose other than that for
which it is supplied without the express written consent of Energy Technologies Institute LLP.
This information is given in good faith based upon the latest information available to Energy Technologies Institute LLP, no warranty or representation is given concerning such information,
which must not be taken as establishing any contractual or other commitment binding upon Energy Technologies Institute LLP or any of its subsidiary or associated companies.
Floating Wind Foundations and Turbine Topology
Offshore Wind Structures Conference, London
Stuart Bradley Strategy Manager, Offshore Renewables
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
What is the ETI?
ETI programme associate
ETI members
• The ETI is a public-private partnership
between global energy and engineering
companies and the UK Government
• Our role is to bring together engineering
projects that accelerate the development of
affordable, secure and sustainable
technologies that help the UK address its
long-term emissions reductions targets as
well as delivering nearer term benefits.
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Offshore Wind Scenarios
Clockwork
• 2050 electricity capacity ~ 130GW
– 20GW Offshore Wind
– 15GW Onshore Wind
– 10GW Other renewables
Patchwork
• 2050 electricity capacity ~190GW
– 55GW Offshore wind
– 20GW Onshore wind
– 45GW Other renewables
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Offshore Wind Fleet in 2050
• 20GW to 55GW
• Wind Turbine volumes between 6MW
to 15MW
– 6MW = 3300 to 9100 units
– 10MW = 2000 to 5500 units
– 15MW = 1300 to 3600 units
• Floating could be 8 to 16GW
– 530 to 2600 units
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Deeper Water Foundations
Source: Glosten Associates
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
ETI commissioned a FEED study for a TLP based system
• Best “additionality for ETI”
– Led by Glosten Associates
– Alstom Haliade 6MW turbine
• Direct Drive Generator
• Full Power Converters
• 150m Blade Diameter
– Buoyant Hull
• Greater than 30m arm radius
• More than 1000 tonnes
– Tendon and Bearings
– Pile anchors
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Wind Turbine Power Trends
Between now and 2030 onwards…..
• Wind Turbine growth in power capacity
• Cost per MW installed
– Capital Expenditure
– Operating Costs
• Environmental Impact
• Safety and Security
ETI / Blade Dynamics VLB Project 80-metre long blade prototype
Courtesy of Siemens Wind Power – 6MW 154m rotor and Airbus 380
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Impacts
Wind Turbine Power Rating Increase
• 6MW towards 10MW
– Blade Size, Design and
Clearances, loads and transient
events
– Taller Tower due to wave
clearances
– Top Head Mass
– Installation complexity and risk
Foundation
– Stability
– Design for transient events,
fatigue
– Float-out and Fit loads
– How do the different foundation
topologies cope?
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Electrical Machine Topologies
• Pseudo Direct Drive
• Axial Flux Machine
• More…
• Synchronous Generator
– Electrically Excited
– Permanent Magnet
• Doubly Fed Induction Generator
• Reluctance
• Direct Current
6MW DD PMG Photo courtesy of Alstom
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Todays Machine Topologies
• Lowest Cost
• Availability
• Risk / Proven Design
• Robustness
• Installation complexity
• Efficiency
• Mass
• Grid Compatibility
PMG
• Availability
• Efficiency
• Grid Compatibility
• Cost
• Risk / Proven Design
• Robustness
• Mass
• Installation Complexity
DFIG
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Existing >10MW Machines
• 10MW, 10 rpm = 9.55MNm
• Gearless Mill Drives (8.86 rpm, 30MNm)
• Ship Propulsion (circa 90rpm, 3.8MNm)
• Test System (10rpm, 17.2MNm)
• Hydro-generators (330rpm, 20MNm)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Torq
ue,
MN
m
Speed, RPM
MW, Low Speed Motors
10MW Offshore Marine Propulsion Motor GMD Energy Store Hydrogenerator Wind Tunnel Test Rig
Gearless Mill Drive, ABB
Marine Propulsion, Rolls Royce
Test System, ETI / GE
Hydro-generator Alstom
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Future Developments
• DD PMG / Other
– Pseudo Direct Drive
– Reduced Mass designs, including
modular, flexible rotors etc.
• Superconducting machines
2MW HTS Machine – GE Rugby UK
Pseudo Direct Drive System – Magnomatics, Sheffield UK
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Pow
er, M
W
Top Head Mass, T
Top Head Mass vs Power
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
Conclusions
Drivetrain influences on the Foundation
include;
• CAPEX effects
– Top head mass
– Short-circuit torque and other
transients
– Tower / blade clearance
• OPEX effects
– Reliability / Availability
– Installation costs
©2015 Energy Technologies Institute LLP - Subject to notes on page 1
For more information
about the ETI visit
www.eti.co.uk
For the latest ETI news
and announcements
email info@eti.co.uk
The ETI can also be
followed on Twitter
@the_ETI
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