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Day 1
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ING Gas Lift Seminar Jakarta, Indonesia
March 8-11, 2004
Instrctor!
"ommy #hite
#$% &L 'DM, Gas Lift Systems
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INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUID
PRESSURE (PSI
D E P T !
( F T
T " D
#$$$
%$$$
&$$$
'$$$
$$$
)$$$
*$$$
$#$$$ %$$$$
OPERATING GAS LIFT "AL"E
CASING PRESSURE +!EN
+ELL IS ,EING GAS LIFTED
F,!P
S I , ! P
F L O + I N G T
U , I N G P R E S S U R E G R A D
I E N T
CONSTANT FLO+ GAS LIFT +ELL
DA- #
8:30a to 5:00p
• I.tr/0ucti/.
• I.tr/0ucti/. t/ Arti1icial Li1t
• Overvie2 /1 Ga3 Li1t
• C/.ti.u/u3 Fl/2 U.l/a0i.g Se4ue.ce• Ga3 Li1t "alve 5echa.ic3
• Ga3 Li1t E4ui6me.t Overvie2
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INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUID
PRESSURE (PSI
D E P T !
( F T
T " D
#$$$
%$$$
&$$$
'$$$
$$$
)$$$
*$$$
$#$$$ %$$$$
OPERATING GAS LIFT "AL"E
CASING PRESSURE +!EN
+ELL IS ,EING GAS LIFTED
F,!P
S I , ! P
F L O + I N G T
U , I N G P R E S S U R E G R A D
I E N T
CONSTANT FLO+ GAS LIFT +ELL
DA- %
8:30a to 5:00p
•Overvie2 /1 I.1l/2 7 Out1l/2 Per1/rma.ce
• Natural Ga3 la23 A66lie0 t/ Ga3 Li1t
• Ge.eral Pri.ci6le3 1/r Ga3 Li1t De3ig.
• Overvie2 /1 Ga3 Li1t De3ig. 5eth/03• IPO Ga3 Li1t De3ig.
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INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUID
PRESSURE (PSI
D E P T !
( F T T " D
#$$$
%$$$
&$$$
'$$$
$$$
)$$$
*$$$
$#$$$ %$$$$
OPERATING GAS LIFT "AL"E
CASING PRESSURE +!EN
+ELL IS ,EING GAS LIFTED
F,!P
S I , ! P
F L O + I N G T
U , I N G P R E S S U R E G R A D
I E N T
CONSTANT FLO+ GAS LIFT +ELL
DA- &
Morning – 8:30a to 11:30a
• +CP A.32er Pr/0uct3 a.0 S/1t2are Devel/6me.t3
• 5ar8 Strac8e
Afternoon – 1:00p to 6:00p
• IPO Ga3 Li1t De3ig. C/.ti.ue0
• PPO Ga3 Li1t De3ig.
• Ga3 Li1t O6timi9ati/.
• Tr/uble3h//ti.g
• Stabilit:• N/va "alve
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INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUID
PRESSURE (PSI
D E P T !
( F T T " D
#$$$
%$$$
&$$$
'$$$
$$$
)$$$
*$$$
$#$$$ %$$$$
OPERATING GAS LIFT "AL"E
CASING PRESSURE +!EN
+ELL IS ,EING GAS LIFTED
F,!P
S I , ! P
F L O + I N G T
U , I N G P R E S S U R E G R A D
I E N T
CONSTANT FLO+ GAS LIFT +ELL
DA- '
• Overvie2 /1 Pi6e3im
• Ga3 Li1t A.al:3i3 a.0 De3ig.
• Pi6e3im Ca3e Stu0ie3
• Ne2 Ga3 Li1t Tech./l/gie3• ;Li1t
• Fiber O6tic DTS
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Course Introduction
• Introductions
• Class Aims
• Instructor Aims
Insight into an “in-exact” science Informed questions
Understand limitations
Participate in gas lift design
Manual ersion
Pipesim ersion
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Introdction to&rti(cia) Lift
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Artifcial Lit or High-Volume
Production• Artifcial Lit is needed when
reservoir drive mechanisms do notsustain acceptable rates or cause
uids to ow at all• Lit processes transer energy
downhole or decreases the uiddensity in wellbores to reduce thehydrostatic load on ormations
• Artifcial Lit improves recovery byreducing the bottom hole pressureat which wells become naturallyuneconomical to produce
North &merica
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L! "pportunity and !usiness#rowth Potential
• Less than 10* of the +or)ds rodcin. oi) +e))s /o+natra))y
$ the remainin. 0* are rodced y some form ofarti(cia) )ift
• & si.ni(cant ma3ority of arti(cia))y )ifted +e))s are inmatre (e)ds
• When oil prices and the rig counts are low, installingand optimizing artifcial lit systems increases oiloutput and economic return
%nloc&ing Value $ "utput Above a !aseline 'ecline is the (arget o Artifcial Lit
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Artifcial Litystems
election involves manyparameters) criteria and
constraints*
+a&ing artifcial lit decisionsis primarily a process o
choosing the lit methodmost applicable to e,pectedsurace) reservoir) uid andoperational conditions
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eciprocating 'isplacementod Pumps
od Pumps combine a cylinder
.barrel/ and piston .plunger/ withvalves to transer well uids intothe tubing and displace the to thesurace*
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od Pumps
• +ost widely usedlit method
• imple application• Low intervention
cost
• 0conomic valueless than 1)222!P'
• estricted owrates
• Potential wellheadlea&s or spills• Problems with
deep producing
intervals• estrictions in
deviated wells
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%ro.ressin. $aityDis)acement %ms
Progressing cavity pumps arebased on rotary uiddisplacement* (his spiralsystem consists o a rotorturning inside a stationarystator*
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Progressing 3avity Pumps
• 4le,ible applicationmethods
• eliable whenproperly applied• esistant to
abrasives and
solids• 05cient power
usage
• estricted settingdepths
• 6ot compatiblewith somechemicals
• Limited operating
temperatures• estricted ow
rates
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In3ection Gas Lift
#as Lit usesrelatively highpressure gas to
supplementormation gas*Produced uids arelited by reducinguid density in
wellbore to lightedthe hydrostaticcolumn) or bac&pressure) load onormations*
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#as Lit
• (a&es ull advantageo the gas energyavailable in the
reservoir• High volume lit
method• Valves may be
retrieved by slic&lineor tubing• Handle abrasives and
sand
• +ust has a gassource
• 4ree7ing andhydrates areproblematic
• 'i5culty depletinglow productivity and
low pressure wellscompletely
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5ydra)ic-)ift %min.Systems
Hydraulic systems transerenergy downhole bypressuri7ing a special
power uid) usually a lightrefned or produced oil)that ows through welltubing to a subsuracepump) which transmits thepotential energy toproduced uids* 3ommonpumps consist o 8ets.venturi and orifceno77les/) reciprocatingpistons) or less widely used
rotating turbines*
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Hydraulic Pumps
• High volumes can beproduced rom greatdepths
• Pumps can be changed.circulated out/ withoutpulling the tubing
• Heavy and viscous
uids are easier toproduce ater mi,ingwith lighter poweruids
• Vulnerable to solids• Least e5cient lit
method• 9ell testing can be
di5cult due to poweruid included in theproduction stream
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6)ectric Smersi)e$entrif.a) %mSystems
0lectric submersiblesystems use multiplepump stages mountedin series within ahousing) mated closelyto submersible electric
motor on the end otubing and connected tosurace controls andelectric power by anarmor protected cable*
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0lectric ubmersible
Pumps• 9ide perormancerange and versatility
•3an operate in highangle and hori7ontalwells
• +ost e5cient and
economical litmethod on a cost-per-barrel basis
• (ubing must bepulled to change orrepair the pump
• 'epth and #"restrict capacity andoperating e5ciency
• Large volumes ogas can loc& up thepump
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S ch l um b e
r g er P r i v a t e"verview o #as Lit
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Periods o #as Lit
'evelopment• Prior to 1:;22= (his era consisted o liting by compressed air through theannulus or tubing* everal mine shats were unloaded*• 1>22 $ 1>?2= #ul 3oast Area @air or hire boom* uch amous felds as
pindle (op were produced by air lit*• 1>?2-1>?>= Application o straight gas lit with wide publicity rom the
eminole 4ield in "&lahoma*• 1>?>-1>D2= ince the end o 99EE) the pressure-operated valve haspractically replaced all other types o gas lit valves* Also in this eramany additional companies have ormed with most o them mar&etingsome version o the pressure operated valve*
• 1>D2 $ Present= chlumberger pioneers the use o 6odal Analysis as a
basis or analy7ing gas lit wells and predicting owing perormance as aunction o the total well system*
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3amcoFs #as Lit History
1047 Camco founded as Carlisle andMills Company to sellconventional gas lift equipment.
1048 Patent Issued on pressure
treatment of gas lift bellowsassembly to stabilize opening
pressure.
1091 Side pocket mandrel licenseobtained from Sid W.ic!ardson" Inc.
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Circa #
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3amcoFs #as Lit History
1098 #eveloped software for gas
lift installation design.
101 Patented $ series side pocket mandrels!ig!ly deviated wells.
1009 %ova gas lift orifice valve wasdeveloped &acquired by Camco
from '(S in )**+,
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chlumbe
rger
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+CP !ea04uarter3 = !/u3t/.> T; USA (Origi.al h/me /1 Camc/ 7 Camc/ I.ter.ati/.al I.c?+CP !ea04uarter3 = !/u3t/.> T; USA (Origi.al h/me /1 Camc/ 7 Camc/ I.ter.ati/.al I.c?
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Ga3 li1t 0ecrea3e3 1lui0 0e.3it: i. 2ellb/re3 b: re0uci.g
the h:0r/3tatic l/a0 /. 1/rmati/.3> 3/ that available
re3erv/ir e.erg: ca. cau3e i.1l/2> a.0 c/mmercial
h:0r/carb/. v/lume3 ca. be b//3te0 /r 0i36lace0 t/ the3ur1ace?
,: i.@ecti.g relativel: high 6re33ure ga3 1r/m the 3ur1ace
t/ a 6re0etermi.e0 0e6th i. the 2ellb/re> the /6erat/r ca.
e11ectivel: re0uce the 6re33ure eerte0 /. the 1/rmati/.a.0 achieve 0e3ire0 level3 /1 1lui0 6r/0ucti/.?
Gas Lift
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&%%LI$&"I:NS :; G&S LI;"
• ": 6N&'L6 #6LLS "5&" #ILL N:" ;L:# N&" ": %=
• ": IN$=6&S6 %=:D
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A'VA6(A#0 "4 #A LE4(
• Enitial downhole eGuipment costs lower
• Low operational and maintenance cost
• implifed well completions
• 4le,ibility - can handle rates rom 12 to B2)222 bp
• 3an best handle sand gas well deviation
• Entervention relatively less e,pensive
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'EA'VA6(A#0 "4 #A LE4(
• +ust have a source o gas• Emported rom other felds
• Produced gas - may result in start up problems
• Possible high installation cost• (op sides modifcations to e,isting platorms
• 3ompressor installation
• Limited by available reservoir pressure
and bottom hole owing pressure
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(ypes o #as Lit
• 3ontinuous 4low #as Lit• Entermittent #as Lit
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3"6(E6%"% 4L"9 #A LE4(
• "6LI A(E4E3EAL LE4( +0(H"' (HA( 4%LLI %(ELEJ0 (H0 060#I4"+ (H0 4"+A(E"6 #A P"'%3(E"6
• 0K(06E"6 "4 6A(%AL 4L"9 !I %PPL0+06(E6# (H0 4"+A(E"6#A 9E(H A''E(E"6AL HE#H P0%0 #A
• #A E E603(0' 3"6(E6%"%LI E6(" (H0 P"'%3(E"6 3"6'%E(A( A +AKE+%+ '0P(H !A0' "6 AVAELA!L0 #A P0%0
• E603(E"6 #A +EK0 9E(H (H0 P"'%30' 90LL 4L%E' A6''030A0 (H0 4L"9E6# P0%0 #A'E06( "4 (H0 +EK(%0
• (H0 L"90 4L"9E6# P0%0 #A'E06( 0'%30 (H0 4L"9E6#!"(("+ H"L0 P0%0 (" 0(A!LEH A''E(E"6AL 'A9'"96
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APPLE3A(E"6 "4 3"6(E6%"% 4L"9 #A LE4(
• (" 06A!L0 90LL (HA( 9ELL 6"( 4L"9 6A(%ALLI (" P"'%30
• (" E630A0 P"'%3(E"6 A(0 E6 4L"9E6# 90LL
• (" %6L"A' A 90LL (HA( 9ELL LA(0 4L"9 6A(%ALLI
• (" 0+"V0 " %6L"A' 4L%E' E6 #A 90LL
• (" !A3M 4L"9 AL( 9A(0 'EP"AL 90LL
• (" LE4( AN%E40 90LL
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INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUID
PRESSURE (PSI
D E P T !
( F T T " D
#$$$
%$$$
&$$$
'$$$
$$$
)$$$
*$$$
$
#$$$ %$$$$
OPERATING GAS LIFT "AL"E
CASING PRESSURE +!EN
+ELL IS ,EING GAS LIFTED
F,!P
S I , ! P
F L O +
I N G T U , I N G P R E S S U R E G R A D I E
N T
CONSTANT FLO+ GAS LIFT +ELL
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INJ6$"I:N G&S
%=:D
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INTER5ITTENT FLO+ GAS LIFTINTER5ITTENT FLO+ GAS LIFT
LO+ PRODUCTION +ELLS (T-PICALL- B$$ ,FPDLO+ PRODUCTION +ELLS (T-PICALL- B$$ ,FPD
API GUIDELINES API GUIDELINES
! %& TU,ING #$$ TO #$ ,FPD%& TU,ING #$$ TO #$ ,FPD
! %* TU,ING %$$ TO &$$ ,FPD%* TU,ING %$$ TO &$$ ,FPD
! &#% TU,ING &$$ TO '$$ ,FPD&#% TU,ING &$$ TO '$$ ,FPD
& CATEGORIES& CATEGORIES
! INTER5ITTENT GAS LIFTINTER5ITTENT GAS LIFT
! C!A5,ER LIFTC!A5,ER LIFT
! PLUNGER LIFTPLUNGER LIFT
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Intermittent Gas Lift
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IN"6=MI""6N" G&S LI;"
• E6(0+E((06( E603(E"6 E6(" (H0 (%!E6#• L"9 !H4P
• 3H"M0 3"6("LL0' %(ELEE6# A PEL"( "P0A(0'
VALV0 " +"(" 3"6("LL0'
• O (IP0 "4 3"+PL0(E"6 = "P06) 0+E-3L"0' "3L"0'
• 4ALL!A3M L"0 (IPE3ALLI B - D P0 1 222 4( "4
(%!E6#
• 0N%E0 APE' E603(E"6 "4 #A Q PEL"( "P0A(0'#A LE4( VALV0
INTER5ITTENT GAS IFTINTER5ITTENT GAS LIFT
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INTER5ITTENT GAS LIFTINTER5ITTENT GAS LIFT
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3HA+!0 LE4( #A LE4(3HA+!0 LE4( #A LE4(
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3HA+!0 LE4( #A LE4(3HA+!0 LE4( #A LE4(
• N:=M&LL> ;:= L:# '5% &%%LI$&"I:NS
• ;&$ILI"&"6S L&=G6 SL
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PL%6#0 LE4(PL%6#0 LE4(
• +03HA6E3AL !AE0 A( (H0 E6(04A30 0'%30 4ALL!A3M +03HA6E3AL !AE0 A( (H0 E6(04A30 0'%30 4ALL!A3M
• 600' 90LLH0A' +"'E4E3A(E"6 A6' !I-PA (H"%#H PL%6#0600' 90LLH0A' +"'E4E3A(E"6 A6' !I-PA (H"%#H PL%6#0• 6" (AP0 E6 (H0 90LL Q 6" A40(I VALV06" (AP0 E6 (H0 90LL Q 6" A40(I VALV0
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e3ontinuous 4low %nloadingeGuence
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INJECTION GAS
TO SEPARATORSTOCH TANH
INJECTION GAS
TO SEPARATORSTOCH TANH
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
INJECTION GAS
TO SEPARATORSTOCH TANH
INJECTION GAS
TO SEPARATORSTOCH TANH
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
INJECTION GAS
TO SEPARATORSTOCH TANH
INJECTION GAS
TO SEPARATORSTOCH TANH
PLUGGED
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUID
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
E603(E"6 #A3H"M0 "P06
(" 0PAA("("3M (A6M
TP VALV% P%N
S%CN& VALV%
P%N
THI"& VALV%P%N
'U"TH VALV%P%N
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
2000 4000
P"%SSU"% PSI
& % P T H ' T
T V &
SIBHPTUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
30001000 #000 6000 $000
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
E603(E"6 #A
3H"M0 "P06
(" 0PAA("("3M (A6M
TP VALV% P%N
S%CN& VALV%P%N
THI"& VALV%P%N
'U"TH VALV%P%N
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
2000 4000
P"%SSU"% PSI
& % P T H
' T T V &
SIBHPTUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
30001000 #000 6000 $000
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
E603(E"6 #A3H"M0 "P06
(" 0PAA("("3M (A6M
TP VALV% P%N
S%CN& VALV%
P%N
THI"& VALV%P%N
'U"TH VALV%P%N
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
2000 4000
P"%SSU"% PSI
& % P T H '
T T V &
SIBHPTUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
30001000 #000
&"A(&(N
6000 $000
'BHP
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
E603(E"6 #A3H"M0 "P06
(" 0PAA("("3M (A6M
TP VALV% P%N
S%CN& VALV%P%N
THI"& VALV%P%N
'U"TH VALV%P%N
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
2000 4000
P"%SSU"% PSI
& % P T H ' T
T V &
TUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
30001000 #000
&"A(&(N
6000 $000
'BHP SIBHP
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S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
E603(E"6 #A3H"M0 "P06
(" 0PAA("("3M (A6M
TP VALV% CLS%&
S%CN& VALV%P%N
THI"& VALV%P%N
'U"TH VALV%P%N
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
2000 4000
P"%SSU"% PSI
& % P T H
' T T V &
TUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
30001000 #000
&"A(&(N
6000 $000
'BHP SIBHP
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S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
E603(E"6 #A3H"M0 "P06
(" 0PAA("("3M (A6M
TP VALV% CLS%&
S%CN& VALV%P%N
THI"& VALV%P%N
'U"TH VALV%P%N
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
2000 4000
P"%SSU"% PSI
& % P T H '
T T
V &
TUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
30001000 #000
&"A(&(N
6000 $000
'BHP SIBHP
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S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
E603(E"6 #A3H"M0 "P06
(" 0PAA("("3M (A6M
TP VALV% CLS%&
S%CN& VALV%
CLS%&
THI"& VALV%P%N
'U"TH VALV%P%N
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
2000 4000
P"%SSU"% PSI
& % P T H
' T T V &
TUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
30001000 #000
&"A(&(N
6000 $000
'BHP SIBHP
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S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
FIGURE & Eam6le /1 the U.l/a0i.g Se4ue.ce
Ca3i.g O6erate0 "alve3 a.0 Ch/8e C/.tr/l /1 I.@ecti/. Ga3
"
#""
$""
%""
&""
'"""
'#""
'$""
'%""
'&""
#"""
'#("" AM ")("" AM "%("" AM "*("" AM '#("" PM ")("" PM "%("" PMTime
P r e 3 3 u r e 6 3 i
P+,--U+, CA-I./ P+,--U+, 0U1I./
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S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e#as Lit Valve +echanics
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S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
& ba3ic t:6e3 /1 ga3 li1t valve> each available i. # 7 ##% 3i9e3
Dumm: valve3 Ori1ice valve3 U.l/a0i.g valve3
• S4uare e0ge0S4uare e0ge0• "e.turi (./va"e.turi (./va
• I.@ecti/. 6re33ure (ca3i.gI.@ecti/. 6re33ure (ca3i.g/6erate0 valve3/6erate0 valve3
• Pr/0ucti/. 6re33ure (1lui0Pr/0ucti/. 6re33ure (1lui0
/6erate0 valve3/6erate0 valve3
GAS LIFT "AL"E 5EC!ANICS
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S ch l um b er
g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
UNLOADING "AL"ES
"AL"E OPENING 7 CLOSING PRESSURES
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
"AL"E OPENING 7 CLOSING PRESSURES
UN ,ALANCED "AL"EUN ,ALANCED "AL"E
F K P ; AF K P ; A
Pc#
P0P0
PtPt
+!EN T!E "AL"E IS CLOSED+!EN T!E "AL"E IS CLOSED
TO OPEN IT??TO OPEN IT??
P0 AbKP0 AbK Pc#
(Ab A6 M Pt A6P0P0
Pc
%
+!EN T!E "AL"E IS OPEN+!EN T!E "AL"E IS OPEN
TO CLOSE IT??TO CLOSE IT??
P0 KP0 K Pc%
(Ab
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUID
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
1000 2000
& % P T H '
T T V &
TUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
1#00#00 2#00
&"A(&(N
3000 3#00
'BHP SIBHP
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
GAS LIFT "AL"ES CLOSE IN SEUENCE
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
1000 2000
& % P T H '
T T V &
TUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
1#00#00 2#00
&"A(&(N
3000 3#00
'BHP SIBHP
CASING P?CASING P?
TO OPENTO OPENCASING PCASING P
TO CLOSETO CLOSE
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
INJECTION GAS
PRODUCED FLUIDTO OPENTO OPEN TO CLOSETO CLOSE
AT SURFACEAT SURFACE
"AL"E Q #"AL"E Q #
"AL"E Q %"AL"E Q %
"AL"E Q &"AL"E Q &
DO5E P?DO5E P?
#%$$ PSI#%$$ PSI
#%)$ PSI#%)$ PSI
#&$$ PSI#&$$ PSI
NOTE ALL "AL"ES &#) R%$NOTE ALL "AL"ES &#) R%$
R K $?$& #R K $?
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
Pt
Pc
P23ome
1ello4s
quare ,dgedeat
Chec5 al6e
Che6ronPac5ing
tac5
.itrogen Charged 1ello4s 07pe
In8ection Pressure 9Casing: ;perated /as
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
Pt
Pc
P23ome
1ello4s
0apered0>C> eat
Chec5 al6e
Che6ronPac5ingtac5
.itrogen Charged 1ello4s 07peProportional +esponse /as 1all
Pt
Pc
Atmospheric1ello4s
quare ,dgedeat
Chec5 al6e
Che6ronPac5ing
tac5
pring ;perated
In8ection Pressure 9Casing: ;perated /as
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
(ypical #as Lit Valve (est !ench
• Pre33ure Gauge Calibrate0 i. PSI I.creme.t3Pre33ure Gauge Calibrate0 i. PSI I.creme.t3
• O6erat/r 5a.ual3 available via I.T/uchO6erat/r 5a.ual3 available via I.T/uch
• "alve Calibrati/. 7 Re6air Pr/ce0ure3"alve Calibrati/. 7 Re6air Pr/ce0ure3
• ,ell/23 Agi.g Pr/ce0ure3,ell/23 Agi.g Pr/ce0ure3
Procedures and pecifcations
• Enspecting 0lastomeric ealing
3omponents
• 3ontrol of 0ngineering
'rawings !ills of +aterials
• 'esign 3ontrol of #as Lift
Products
• +anufacturing Process 3ontrol
• eceiving Enspection
• 4inal and En-Process Enspection
• #as Lift Valve !ellows
Assemblies
• Valve Assembly
• 4unctional (esting for #as Lift
Valves and everse 4low
3hec& Valves
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e#as Lit 0Guipment"verview
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http://../Documents/Gas%20Lift/Gas%20Lift%20Training/Gas%20Lift%20Design/GLworkshop1.ppt
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
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GAS LIFT "AL"E FEATURES
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
GAS LIFT "AL"E FEATURES
,ell/23 6r/tecti/.5a 0/me charge
Chec8 valve
Stem travel
5etallurg:Ela3t/mer3
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
$ritica) ?a)e$omonents
everse 4low 3hec& Valves
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
# ,H #? R%$
T:6ical I.@ecti/. Pre33ure O6erate0
(IPO
Ga3 Li1t "alve3
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"rifce Valves
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
"rifce Valves
0here are # 07pes of ;rifice al6es(
• @UA+,3 ,3/,3 ;+I=IC,
• ,.0U+I 9.;A:
• ;rifice al6es are designed for accurate gas passage prediction>
• ;ne-4a7 chec5 6al6e for tu2ing integrit7>
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
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http://../Documents/Gas%20Lift/Gas%20Lift%20Training/Gas%20Lift%20Design/NGA%20Gas%20Lift_PowerLift/Presentations/Mandrel%20Plant%20A.ppt
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
P+ 6omenclature
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
=etriea)e Gas Lift ?a)
lic&line-retrievable gas-lit valvescan be installed or removed
without pulling tubing* Mic&overtools are designed to selectivelylocate side-poc&et mandrels*
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S ch l um b er g
er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
Slic8li.e O6erati/.3
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urace 4low 3ontrol
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
0Guipment• Primary Purpose
$ $ontro) and measre /o+ from arodcin. oi) and .as +e)),secondary recoery +ater or .asin3ection +e)) and in3ected .as in a
.as )ift (e)d oerationE
• econdary Purpose$ =ea) time /o+ contro) measrement
+hich a))o+s recise a)e
ositionin. from a remote ="$ y seof an e)ectronic actator +ith 4-Fomaor di.ita) hart commnication contro)E
urace 4low 3ontrol
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
urace 4low 3ontrol
0Guipment• &)ications$ &)) rodcin. oi) and .as +e))s
$ %)atform .as )ift manifo)ds$ #ater or .as secondary recoeryressremaintenance ro3ects
$ &)) +e))s em)oyin. e)ectrica) smersi)e msystems
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Prevent everse 4low into
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
Prevent everse 4low into
#as Lit Lines• 4loating seat acts as chec& valve toprevent reverse ow
3amco+erla 43V ow control valve
3622>>:
3622>>:
"ptional eat or everse 4low 3hec&
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PRODUCED FLUID CONSTANT FLO+ GAS LIFT +ELL
E.0 /1 DA- #
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
INJECTION GASPRESSURE (PSI
D E P T !
( F T T " D
#$$$
%$$$
&$$$
'$$$
$$$
)$$$
*$$$
$#$$$ %$$$$
OPERATING GAS LIFT "AL"E
CASING PRESSURE +!EN
+ELL IS ,EING GAS LIFTED
F,!P
S I , ! P
F L O + I N G T
U , I N G P R E S S U R E G R A D I E N T
8:30a to 5:00p
• I.tr/0ucti/.• I.tr/0ucti/. t/ Arti1icial Li1t
• Overvie2 /1 Ga3 Li1t
• C/.ti.u/u3 Fl/2 U.l/a0i.g Se4ue.ce
• Ga3 Li1t "alve 5echa.ic3
• Ga3 Li1t E4ui6me.t Overvie2
UESTIONS
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e"verview o Enow and"utow Perormance
f eparator
Si.gle +ell Pr/0ucti/. S:3tem
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
Pe
Pr P4fsP4f
Pdr
Pur
Pus6
Pds6
P4h
Pdsc Psep
3P' B Pr - P4fs B
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
INJECTION GAS
+ELL
INFLO+ (IPR
+ELL OUTFLO+
RELATIONS!IP
("LP /r (TPC
SANDFACE
PRESSURE
,!FP
RESER"OIR
PRESSURE
,OTTO5 !OLE PRESSURE AS A FUNCTION OF FLO+RATE,OTTO5 !OLE PRESSURE AS A FUNCTION OF FLO+RATE
PRODUCTION POTENTIAL AS A FUNCTION OF PRODUCTION RATEPRODUCTION POTENTIAL AS A FUNCTION OF PRODUCTION RATE
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S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
+ELL 7 RESER"OIR INFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE
( Successful design depends upon prediction of flow rate)
T-PES OF RESER"OIR DRI"ES
• S/luti/. ga3 0rive
• Ga3 ca6 0rive
• +ater 0rive
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+ELL 7 RESER"OIR INFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE
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S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
+ELL 7 RESER"OIR INFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE( Successful design depends upon prediction of flow rate)
GAS CAP DRI"E RESER"OIR• Ga3 1r/m 3/luti/. 2ill 1/rm ga3 ca6• +ith 6r/0ucti/. ga3 ca6 i.crea3e3 6r/vi0i.g 0rive• Ece33ive 0ra20/2. ca. cau3e ga3 c/.i.g
• Pr/0uctivit: I.0e i3 u3uall: ./t li.ear • GOR c/.3ta.t ece6t .ear 0e6leti/.
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IDEAL FLO+ ASSU5PTIONSIDEAL FLO+ ASSU5PTIONS
• I0eal 2ell
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S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
I0eal 2ell
• Purel: ra0ial 1l/2
• I.1i.ite re3erv/ir
• U.i1/rm thic8.e33
• Stabili9e0 1l/2
• Si.gle 6ha3e
• Ab/ve bubble 6/i.t
• !/m/ge.e/u3 7 i3/tr/6ic re3erv/ir
• Per1/rati/.3 6e.etrate thr/ugh/ut re3erv/ir • Re3erv/ir 3ha6e
• Pr/imit: /1 2ellb/re
• +ellb/re clea. u.ca3e0
• N/ 38i.
• Darc:3 la2
NON IDEAL FLO+
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S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
• De6arture3 1r/m Darc:3 la2
• E11ect3 at b/u.0arie3
• P/3iti/. /1 2ell
• N/. h/m/ge.e/u3 re3erv/ir
• Per1/rati/. 6/3iti/.3
• !igh vel/citie3
• Flui0 t:6e high GOR
• Tra.3ie.t behavi/r
• Relative 6ermeabilit: e11ect3 /il2aterga3 .ear the 2ellb/re
• De6leti/. i1 re3erv/ir
• Fl/2 re3tricti/.3 (38i.
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+ELL 7 RESER"OIR INFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE
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S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
+ELL 7 RESER"OIR INFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE( Successful design depends upon prediction of flow rate)
PRODUCTI"IT- INDE;
The relati/.3hi6 bet2ee. 2ell i.1l/2 rate a.0 6re33ure
0ra20/2. ca. be e6re33e0 i. the 1/rm /1 a Pr/0uctivit:
I.0e> 0e./te0 PI 2here
4
4 K PI(P23 P21 /r PI K
P23 P21
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+ELL 7 RESER"OIR INFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE( S f l d i d d di ti f fl t )
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S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
( Successful design depends upon prediction of flow rate)
"OGEL
Dime.3i/.le33 re1ere.ce curve ba3e0 /. the 1/ll/2i.g
e4uati/.
ma K # $?%(P21 P23 $?(P21 P23%
2here K the li4ui0 6r/0ucti/. rate> 3tb0
ma K the maimum li4ui0 rate 1/r #$$ 0ra20/2.
P21 K b/tt/m h/le 1l/2i.g 6re33ure> 63i
P23 K the re3erv/ir 6re33ure> 63i
Dime.3i/.le33 I.1l/2 Per1/rma.ce Relati/.3hi6 Curve 1/r S/luti/.
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6
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+ELL 7 RESER"OIR INFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE( Successful design depends upon prediction of flow rate)
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S ch l um b er g e
r P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
SU55AR- OF FACTORS AFFECTING PREDICTIONOF +ELL PRODUCTION
• Pre3e.ce /1 three 6ha3e 1l/2
• Nature /1 0rive mecha.i3m3
• Ph:3ical .ature /1 re3erv/ir (./. h/m/ge.e/u3
• Availabilit: /1 3tabili9e0 1l/2
• Cha.ge3 /ver time 7 0ra20/2.
• I.crea3e0 ga3 3/luti/. .ear 2ellb/re• Stabili3e0 1l/2 .ear 2ellb/re
• Fl/2 regime .ear 2ellb/re
• Critical 1l/2 at 2ellb/re
PRODUCED FLUIDSURFACE PRESSURE
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
INJECTION GAS
+ELL
INFLO+ (IPR
+ELL OUTFLO+
RELATIONS!IP
("LP /r (TPC
SANDFACE
PRESSURE
,!FP
RESER"OIR
PRESSURE
,OTTO5 !OLE PRESSURE AS A FUNCTION OF FLO+RATE,OTTO5 !OLE PRESSURE AS A FUNCTION OF FLO+RATE
PRODUCTION POTENTIAL AS A FUNCTION OF PRODUCTION RATEPRODUCTION POTENTIAL AS A FUNCTION OF PRODUCTION RATE
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OUTFLO+ PERFOR5ANCE AND 5ULTIP!ASE FLO+MO!M!"# O$ A M%'! O$ $!! AS!S A"* +%,'%*S
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
"ertical 1l/2i.g gra0ie.t3
!/ri9/.tal 1l/2i.g gra0ie.t3
• Select c/rrect tubi.g 3i9e• Pre0ict 2he. arti1icial li1t 2ill be re4uire0
• De3ig. arti1icial li1t 3:3tem3• Determi.e ,!FP• Determi.e PI• Pre0ict maimum a.0/r /6timum 1l/2 rate
• Determi.e maimum 0e6th /1 i.@ecti/.
FACTORS EFFECTING TPC"LP
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
• TPC i3 a 1u.cti/. /1 6h:3ical 6r/6ertie3 ./t i.1l/2
• Tubi.g i0• +all r/ugh.e33
• I.cli.ati/.
• Li4ui0 ga3 0e.3it:
• Li4ui0 ga3 vi3c/3it:
• Li4ui0 ga3 vel/cit:
• +ell 0e6th li.e le.gth3
• Sur1ace 6re33ure
• +atercut
• GOR GLR
• Li4ui0 3ur1ace te.3i/.
• Fl/2rate
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tatic 4luid #radients
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
A uid gradient is a measurement o the rateo change o uid pressure or a given verticalcolumn length* Et is most oten e,pressed inpounds per sGuare inch per oot o vertical
length) psit*
Pressure .psi/ Q #s .psit/ , L .t*/ #s Q tatic uid gradient in psit
L Q 4luid column vertical length in eet
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4luid Properties
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
APE #ravity $ e,pressed in degrees APE and is another to calculate theweight o oil in psit* Et is not a measure o viscosity and is most otene,pressed in pounds per gallon .lbsgal/*
(he APE gravity o resh water is 12W
Gs H B141E9C B11E9 &%IC 0E4 sift
0,ample= 9hat is the gradient o OOW APE #ravity "ilX#s Q .1
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S ch l um b er g er P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
4or #as Lit applications various gas measurementcalculations are important* #as volume is typicallye,pressed in tandard 3ubic 4eet .34/) onethousand standard cubic eet .+34/ etc*
#as Volume
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
En #as Lit the gas-to-liGuid ratio .#L/ and the gas-to-oil ratio .#"/
are important*#" Q #as Volume .34/ No .!!L/
#" Q #as-to-"il atio .34!!L/#as Volume Q total ormation gas in 34No Q total volume o oil in barrels
4#" .34!!L/ Q 4ormation gas Volume .34'ay/ No4#" Q 4ormation #L .34!!L/#as Volume Q (otal volume o gas rom ormationNo Q oil production rate .!!Lday/
#as Volume
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
En #as Lit the gas-to-liGuid ratio .#L/ and the gas-to-oil ratio .#"/ areimportant*;GL= H ;G:= * :i)
4#L Q 4ormation #L
"il Q "il as a percentage o total uid
IGL= H In3ection Gas ?o)me BS$;DayC At B'L%DC
E#L Q En8ection gas-to-liGuid ratioNt Q (otal uid production .!LP'/
"GL= H "ota) Gas ?o)me BS$;DayC At B'L%DC
(#L Q (otal gas-to-liGuid ratio .34!!L/
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
6atural #as Laws Appliedto
#as Lit
GAS CALCULATIONS RELATED TO GAS LIFT S-STE5S
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
• Ga3 i.@ecti/. 6re33ure at 0e6th
• Tem6erature e11ect /. bell/23charge0 0/me 6re33ure
• "/lumetric ga3 thr/ugh6ut /1 a ch/8e /r G?L? "alve 6/rt
GAS CALCULATIONS RELATED TO GAS LIFT S-STE5S
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
GAS INJECTION PRESSURE AT DEPT!
S?G? L
&?&' T
PL K PSe
+here e K %?*#%
PL K Pre33ure at 0e6th> 63ia
PS K Pre33ure at 3ur1ace> 63ia
S?G? K Ga3 S6eci1ic Gravit:L K De6th> 1eet
T K Average Tem6 Degree3 R
K Average C/m6re33ibilit: 1/r T
a.0 average 6re33ure
GAS CALCULATIONS RELATED TO GAS LIFT S-STE5S
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
GAS INJECTION PRESSURE AT DEPT!
VRule /1 thumb E4uati/. ba3e0 /. S?G? /1 $?)>
a ge/thermal gra0ie.t at #?)$F#$$1t a.0 a 3ur1ace
tem6erature /1 *$$F
PL K PS M (%?& PS L
#$$ #$$$
+here PL K Pre33ure at 0e6th> 63ia
PS K Pre33ure at 3ur1ace> 63ia
L K De6th> 1eet
GAS +EIG!TGAS +EIG!T
0 1000 20001#00#00 2#00 3000 3#00
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
0
2000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
4000
1000 2000
& % P T H '
T T
V &
TUBING P"%SSU"%
CASING P"%SSU"%
1#00#00 2#00
&"A(&(N
3000 3#00
'BHP SIBHP
TE5PERATURE EFFECT ON CONFINED ,ELLO+S
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
C!ARGED DO5E PRESSURE
5a@/r A0va.tage3 /1 Nitr/ge.
•Availabilit:
•N/.e6l/3ive•N/. c/rr/3ive•Pre0ictable c/m6re33ibilit:•Pre0ictable tem6erature e11ect
TE5PERATURE EFFECT ON CONFINED ,ELLO+S
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
C!ARGED DO5E PRESSURE
P% K P# ; Tc
+here P# K Pre33ure at i.itial tem6erature
P% K Pre33ure re3ulti.g 1r/m cha.ge /1 tem6erature
Tc K Tem6erature c/rrecti/. 1act/r
a.0
# M $?$$%# (T% )$
Tc K
# M $?$$%# (T# )$
+here T# K I.itial tem6erature> Deg F
T% K Pre3e.t tem6erature Deg F
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
PRESSURE (PSI
SU,CRITICALFLO+
PCASING
PTU,ING K
ORIFICE FLO+
G A S I N J E C T
I O N
R A T E ( 5 5 S C F
D
Ga3 Pa33age thr/ugh a RDO Ori1ice "alve 2ith a #E%W P/rt(#)& 0 F G S G $ & Di h C 11i i t $ '
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
(#)& 0eg F> Ga3 S?G? $?&> Di3charge C/e11icie.t $?'
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G a 3 F l / 2 R a t e 5 5 S C F E D
RDO Ori1ice "alve> %'E)'W P/rt> C0 K $?F)
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> >
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m 3 c 1
Calculated =lo4rate Measured =lo4rate
Calculated =lo4rate Measured =lo4rate
Calculated =lo4rate Measured =lo4rate
Calculated =lo4rate Measured =lo4rate
GAS LIFT DESIGNSGAS LIFT DESIGNS
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
• Lear. ba3ic3
• D/ the 0e3ig.3 b: ha.0 gra6hicall:
• ,uil0 me.tal 6icture /1 0:.amic 3:3tem
• I.tr/0uce 0e3ig. bia3
• Thi.8 ab/ut it the. a66l:
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
eview #as Lit 'esigns
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" '""" #""""
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CA5CO GAS LIFT TEC!NOLOG-
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/
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S ch l um b er g er
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
• U.l/a0 2ell care1ull:
! $ #$$ 63i (&? bar 6er #$ mi.
! # % bbl 6er mi.
• 5aimi9e 6r/0ucti/. ch/8e /6e.i.g
• Gra0uall: i.crea3e ga3 i.@ecti/. rate
• 5/.it/r 2ell clea. u6 a.0 3tabilit:
• Get t/ target 6/3iti/.
• Per1/rm 3te6 rate 6r/0ucti/. te3t
• O6timi3e ga3 i.@ecti/. rate
• N/te 2he. u.l/a0i.g all valve3 /6e.X
GAS LIFT DESIGNGAS LIFT DESIGN 5ET!ODS5ET!ODS
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
• "ariet: /1 0e3ig. meth/03 6ubli3he0 ! Pma P mi.
! Ca3i.g Pre33ure 0r/6
• "ar: 2ith a66licati/.
• "ar: 2ith 0ata
• "ar: 2ith e6erie.ce
• N/t a. eact 3cie.ce
• +e are 0eali.g 2ith a ver: 0:.amic 3:3tem
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
GAS LIFT DESIGNS
De3ig. ,ia3
DESIGN ,IAS IN GAS LIFT DESIGN
• Tubi.g hea0 6re33ure
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
• Tubi.g hea0 6re33ure
• Tubi.g 6re33ure mi.imum gra0ie.t• Ca3i.g 6re33ure 0r/63 t/ cl/3e valve 3:3tematicall: (0i3a0va.tage
• Re/6e.i.g valve3 "alve i.ter1ere.ce
• Di11ere.tial at b/tt/m 6/i.t
• Ca3i.g 6re33ure available
• De3ig. bia3 2ill var: 0e6e.0i.g /. c/.0iti/.• Ga3 6a33age
• +ell c/mi.g i.
• A00 3/me m/re ma.0rel3
• U3uall: calle0 3a1et: 1act/r3
P"%SSU"% )PSIG*
T%MP%"ATU"% '
CAMCO GAS LIFT TECHNOLOGY - EXAMPLE DESIGN
Ptmin-Ptmax Method - with Dei!n "ia
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P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
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100 1#0 200
FIG#$E %
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T%MP%"ATU"% '
CAMCO GAS LIFT TECHNOLOGY - EXAMPLE DESIGN
Ptmin-Ptmax Method - with Dei!n "ia
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P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
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T%MP%"ATU"% '
100 1#0 200
FIG#$E &
C A S I N G P " % S S U " % G
" A & I % N T 0 + 6 # S + G +
P"%SSU"% )PSIG*
T%MP%"ATU"% '
CAMCO GAS LIFT TECHNOLOGY - EXAMPLE DESIGN
Ptmin-Ptmax Method - with Dei!n "ia
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
S ch l um b er g er
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&%PTH ' (%LL )MI& P%"'S*
'+B+H+P+
T%MP%"ATU"% '
100 1#0 200
FIG#$E '
' L ( I N G G " A& I % N T 2 0 0 0 B P & - . . / ( +C + -0 G L "
S T AT I C G " A& I % N T ) 0 +4 6 # P S I , ' T *
C A S I N G P " % S S U " % G
" A & I % N T 0 + 6 # S + G +
P"%SSU"% )PSIG*
T%MP%"ATU"% '
CAMCO GAS LIFT TECHNOLOGY - EXAMPLE DESIGN
Ptmin-Ptmax Method - with Dei!n "ia
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P r i v a t e
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FIG#$E (
S+I+B+H+P+'+B+H+P+
' L ( I N G G " A& I % N T 2 0 0 0 B P & - . . / ( +C + -0 G L "
S T AT I C G " A& I % N T ) 0 +4 6 # P S I , ' T *
C A S I N G P " % S S U " % G
" A & I % N T 0 + 6 # S + G +
' L ( I N G G " A & I % N T 2 0 0 0 B
P & - . . /
( + C + - 1 0 0 0 1 G
L "
P"%SSU"% )PSIG*
T%MP%"ATU"% '
CAMCO GAS LIFT TECHNOLOGY - EXAMPLE DESIGN
Ptmin-Ptmax Method - with Dei!n "ia
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
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FIG#$E )
0 +4 6 # 1 2 3 , 5
S+I+B+H+P+'+B+H+P+
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S T AT I C G " A& I % N T ) 0 +4 6 # P S I , ' T *
C A S I N G P " % S S U " % G
" A & I % N T 0 + 6 # S + G +
MAN&"%L 1
P"%SSU"% )PSIG*
T%MP%"ATU"% '
CAMCO GAS LIFT TECHNOLOGY - EXAMPLE DESIGN
Ptmin-Ptmax Method - with Dei!n "ia
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S ch l um b er g er
P r i v a t e
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