Post on 06-Apr-2018
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COMMUNICATION I
8/3/2019 1st Lecture Communication
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Meaning of communication Comes from Latin word “COMMUNICARE”
means common talk.
Speaking/writing or sending a message to
somebody It also involves ensuring that the message
reached the another person.
Also ensures that the messages arereceive, understand, interpret and respondto them.
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NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
A very basic phenomenon that pervadesall human interactions.
All human endeavours & activities
Most crucial ingredient of businesssuccess
It is a process because the phenomenonof creating & exchanging messages isongoing, ever-changing & continuous.
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Fundamentals of communication
Peter Drucker
Communication is perception.
Communication is Expectation
Communication makes Demands. Communication and Information
are different.
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IF MANAGEMENT IS
GETTING THINGS DONE
THROUGH THE PEOPLE
COMMUNICATION IS
ESSENCE OF IT.
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DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION
The transfer of information and understanding from one
person to another person. It is the way of reachingothers with facts, ideas, thoughts and values. It is a
bridge of meaning among people so that they can
share what they feel and know. By using this bridge a
person can cross safely a river of the
misunderstanding that sometimes separate people.
Keith Davis
Communication is any behavior that results in
an exchange of meaning.
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The effective transmission of message fromone person or body of persons (sender) toanother (receiver).
Communication is a mutual exchange, offacts, thoughts, and perceptions resulting incommon understanding between the sender
and receiver. This does not necessarily implyagreement.
Communication may be broadly defined asthe process of meaningful interaction amonghuman beings. More specifically, it is aprocess by which meanings are perceivedand understanding are reached among
human beings.
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MOST EFFECTIVEINSTRUMENT FOR
GROWTH ANDDEVELOPMENT.
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IMPORTANCE
Sap and life blood of organisation
Nervous system of an organisation
Without communication no direction nocontrol
Acts as unifying link & binding, directing
force Necessary for creating warm & friendly
relationships among employees
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Passing orders, plans, policies tosubordinates (downward communication)
Provision of information from lower levelsto management for decision making andpolicy formulation (upward
communication). Pre-requisite of effective management
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All managementPasses throughBottleneck of
communication
MANAGE
R
PLANNING
ORGANIZING
STAFFING
DIRECTING
CONTROLLING
communication Work groupperformance
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OBJECTIVES develop information and understanding for good
effective group functioning. Foster positive attitudes for motivation, co-
operation, job satisfaction
Discourage the spread of misinformation,rumours, gossip
Release of emotional tensions of workers
To prepare workers for the change
Encourage ideas, suggestions for subordinatesfor an improvement in the product & workconditions
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To improvement labour managementrelations by keeping both in contact with
each other. Ensure free exchange of information and
ideas, self importance
Satisfy basic human needs as the needsof recognition, self importance and asense of belonging.
To serve auxiliary functions such as
entertainment and maintenance of socialrelations among human being.
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Principles of Communication
Drawing Conclusion
Use of fear (emotional versus factual)
Sleeper Effect
Credibility of communicator
Effect of Known Motives
Selective Exposure
Personal Involvement
Influence of groups
Primacy
Two –way communication
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Efficacy & effectiveness Uprightness & honesty of purpose Preciseness & clarity
Completeness Candidates Conciseness
Coherence Consistency Consideration Courtesy
Correctness Chronology Continuous communication
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IMPORTANT `C` s IN
COMMUNICATION
Correct
Clear
Candid
Complete
Concise
Consistent
Coherent
Courteous
Credible
Chronological
Considerate
Continuous
Compassing
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Forms of Communication
Cathy would like to describe her graduationceremony to her aunt who lives in Australia.Think of two ways in which she could do this
After the graduation, Cathy wants to describe toher brother how some of the girls walked up tocollect their certificate. What do you think shewould do?
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Forms of Communication
Verbal Requires words
May be speech or writing
Conversation Face-to-face
Telephone
Letter
Text message
Fax
Messenger/chat
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Forms of Communication
Non-Verbal Relies on elements other than speech or writing
Is just as important as non-verbal communication
Body language (gestures, posture, facial expression)
Use of space
Use of objects
Dress
Graphics (charts, tables, diagrams)
Integrating forms for specific purposes (role play, simulation)
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FORM and CONTEXT
The specific FORM of communication is,or should be, intimately related to theCONTEXT in which it is used
One element of our COMMUNICATIVECOMPETENCE is our ability to get ourmessage across accurately
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Contexts of Communication
In order to evaluate the appropriateness oreffectiveness of a communication act, wemust first understand its context.
Communication does not occur in avacuum. It occurs within a CONTEXT
The circumstances of a communicative actare referred to as the CONTEXT ofcommunication
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Contexts of Communication
You have to give a speech in each of thefollowing situations. Consider the adjustmentsthat you would have to make to yourpresentation To a panel of interviewers where you are applying for
a job
To a group of standard two students in their assemblyhall
To an oral examiner in a small examination room To a group of persons opposing your ideas
On national television
On radio
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Contexts of Communication
Who is present, or who is being addressed. What do you need to consider here?
The general attitude of your audience. Why isthis important?
Where the communication takes place. Whatare the factors that should influence yourcommunicative decisions?
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Contexts of Communication
Context may be
FORMAL Certain societal norms are evident and there
are perceived patterns of behaviour
NON-FORMAL/INFORMAL
Individuals or groups are not constrained byspecified ways in which communication wouldnormally take place
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Contexts of Communication
Intrapersonal- Thinking, solving
problems, imagining/imaging
Interpersonal –
interviews,conversations, intimate communication
Small group – leadership meeting,
brain-storming, prayer meeting
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Contexts of Communication
Organizational – business,
government, official purposes, educational
Academic –
essay, research paper,doctoral thesis
Public – speeches, debates
Intercultural – communicating acrosssocial sub-group, in tourism
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Contexts of Communication
Match the scenarios with the most appropriate form of verbalcommunication
Form of Communication
A. A written notice/poster
B. A skit
C. A written noteD. A television/radio address
E. A telephone call
F A short talk