10.6 A New Kind of War

Today’s Objectives

- To understand the factors that changed the way wars are fought during the Great War

-To understand the patterns that developed during the Great War and course of events

Indiana World History Standards

WH.8.1 Trace and explain the causes, major events and global consequences of World War I.

WH.9.1 Identify patterns of historical change and duration and construct a representation that illustrates

continuity and change.

• The Spark

→ Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated by a member of the Black Hand from Serbia… …opposed the spread of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire

→ In response to the assassination, A-H declares war on Serbia

• Springing the Trap

→ A-H & Germany have an alliance, as does Russia with Serbia - A-H declares war on Serbia, leads to Russian Mobilization - Germany declares war on Russia and then France…

→ Germany must defeat the French quickly to prevent fighting a two-front war… …needed to cut through Belgium, but Belgium refuses and Germany invades anyway… …Great Britain declares war on Germany to defend Belgium

• Stalemate Begins

→ Germany is forced to fight the French & British in the west and the Russians in the east…two-front war

→ Central Powers Allied Powers Germany France Austria-Hungary Great Britain Ottoman Empire Russia (out in 1917) Bulgaria USA (in 1917) …and others

→ First “Industrial War” – terrible new weapons, trench warfare and high death count because weapons were ahead of tactics, fought all over Europe & the Middle East

Trench Warfare

Trench Warfare…No Man’s Land

“Over the Top”

Machine Gun

Tank

Heavy Artillery (Howitzer)

Airplane

U-Boat

Poison Gas

• Total War

→ On the battlefields of the Great War, total war was the complete mobilization of all available resources… …all available men, including colonials, would be used to fight → On the home front during the Great War, total war involved the mobilization of entire national populations - Factory conversions to produce weapons & supplies - Censorship & Propaganda - Rationing - Recruiting - Women in the Workplace

Factory Conversions

Propaganda

Rationing

Recruiting

Women in the Workplace

Why was the Great War “a new kind of war”?