Post on 16-Apr-2017
Utility Microgrids: Integration and Implementation Challenges
Utility-owned Public Purpose Microgrids
August 2016
Contents
• ComEd Microgrid Pilot Program• Microgrid Controller• Microgrid-Integrated Solar-Storage Technology (MISST)
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In May 2016, ComEd proposed the Next Generation Energy Plan to the Illinois General Assembly which would allow the company to invest up to $250 million in the development of five public purpose microgrids within its service territory
Illinois Medical District (IMD) • Cluster of major hospitals
within a small footprint in the City of Chicago.
• Supports the major health care facilities that provide services to a large number of people within ComEd service territory.
Bronzeville Community • Provides a representative
cross-section of the City of Chicago
• Includes a diverse mixture of facilities and critical loads: Chicago Police Headquarters, health care facilities educational facilities, and private residences.
Chicago Heights Water • Resilient supply to water
pumping and treatment facilities in a small footprint
• Supports water infrastructure for the southern suburbs of Chicago including Chicago Heights, Ford Heights, Homewood, Park Forest, South Chicago Heights, Steger and Crete
DuPage County Complex• Includes administrative
buildings, youth home, county health department, judicial building, sheriff department, highway department, county jail, and emergency management offices
• Provides resilient power supply to support critical operations of a major county
Rockford International Airport
• Support critical facilities for cargo and transportation.
• Rockford airport is a major hub for air cargo and disruption to its operations could have an impact on the economy in Northern Illinois.
ComEd utilized a holistic data driven approach and developed a resiliency metric to evaluate its entire service territory for microgrid pilot installation locations.
For analysis, the service territory was divided into one-mile by one-mile sections outside the city of Chicago and into half-mile by half-mile sections inside the city of Chicago. Each section was then analyzed with a resiliency metric
ComEd Microgrid Pilot Program 3
Bronzeville Pilot AreaThe Bronzeville Community:
• Bronzeville provides a representative cross-section of different customers within the City of Chicago
• Supplied by 9 feeders from 4 different substations.
• Includes a diverse mixture of facilities and critical loads
• Opportunity to cluster the proposed microgrid with Illinois Tech existing microgrid through a Microgrid Controller
• Opportunity to integrate Solar generation and storage through MISST solution.
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Bronzeville Community Microgrid (BCM)Specifications: • Two new UG 12 kV feeders • 2 Substations • >10 MW of Generation and Battery Storage • Distribution Automation • Fiber Optic Network • PMUs • >1,000 customers • 10 MW of load • Interconnection to IIT 12 MW Microgrid
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PC-L#1 PC-L#2 PC-L#3 PC-L#4CB-F11
PC-T#1
Substation 1
CB-IIT
ComEd’s Grid
Gen
Relay
Feeder 11
Bronzeville Community Microgrid IIT Microgrid
VISTA 1
Vista Switch
Switch PC-L
Switch PC-T
Circuit Breaker
Red: Normally Close
Green: Normally Open
VISTA 3
VISTA 4
PC-L#8 PC-L#9PC-L#7PC-L#6PC-L#5
VISTA 2
CB-F9
Substation 2
Relay
Feeder9
New Feeder
29A 324 CUST
9A 155 CUST
96A 91 CUST
24A 255 CUST
50A 251 CUST
PMU-CB11 20A 4 CUST
PMU-V1
PMU T1 (2 modules)
PMU-CB9
Relay
43A 1 CUST
281A 2 CUST
21A 1 CUST
PMU-V2
PMU-V3
PMU-V4
12KV
CHP
5 MW
PV ES
ES
1 MW
1 MW
1.5
MW
Diesel
2 MW
CHP
Diesel
PV
ES
Generation (CHP)
Generation (Diesel)
Generation (PV)
Generation (Energy Storage)
Connection to ComEd
Connection to IIT
ComEd’s Grid Bronzeville Community Microgrid IIT Microgrid
Microgrid Controller Architecture
The BCM Master Controller applies a hierarchical control strategy to ensure reliable and economic operation of the microgrid, and coordinates the operation of switch controllers, distributed generation and storage controllers. A description of the hierarchy is given below:
Distributed ControlCentralized Control
Grid-forming Components Non-Grid-Forming Components
Tertiary Control
Bronzeville Community Microgrid (BCM) Control Architecture
Economic Operation Short-Term Reliability
Economic Demand Response
Unit Commitment and Economic
Dispatch
Islanding and
Resynchronization
Emergency Demand Response
Self-Healing
Primary Control
Secondary Control
Dispatchable Generation
Battery Storage
PV Arrays
Meters and
PMUs
Coupling Switch at
PCC
Vista Switches
Set Point Values
Control Commands
Monitoring Signals
SQL Database
SQL Database
OSIsoft PI System
OSIsoft PI System
SQL Database
SQL Database
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Ope
ratio
nal C
ontro
l Fun
ctio
ns
Disconnection:Capability for disconnection from the main grid due to
disturbances or outages
Re-synchronization and reconnection:Capability for resynchronization and reconnection to the
main grid after the main grid restorationPower quality control:
Providing required responses to PQ issues during ride-through transients and/or after stabilizing in islanded
modeProtection:
Applying basic protection schemes for detection and clearing internal and external faults
Generation dispatch:Adequate dispatch of all generation resources to maintain power and energy balances at all times
7Microgrid Controller FunctionalityThe BCM Master Controller will go through three stages of testing centered around the following operational control functions:
8Microgrid-Integrated Solar-Storage Technology
The MISST solution will have the following features:1. Be grid-connected2. Consist of solar PV plant and
energy storage3. Utilize smart inverters4. Be capable of operating in
conjunction with smart loads5. Enable demand response6. Incorporate solar and load
forecasting into decisions7. Be interoperable internally and
externally using standard protocols
Microgrid-Integrated Solar-Storage Technology (MISST) – will use smart inverters for solar PV/battery storage to achieve better economic, resiliency and reliability outcomes in the context of a microgrid.
9MISST MilestonesPerformance metrics are quantified for at least one year after deployment of MISST solution, lessons learned and scaling up methodologies, processes and considerations are documented and disseminated via conference presentations and online publication of technical report and paper.
Metric Definition (From Field Testing) Success Value Assessment Tool
Solar PV Power Level ≥ 0.75 MW Review by DOE or a third-party designated by DOEBESS Power Level ≥ 0.5 MW
Submitted technical paper from subtask efforts 1 Peer reviewSolar Frequency Control Deviation +/-0.5 Hz
A statistical method to confirm that success value has been
met with an acceptable level of certainty. (e.g. covering 2
standard deviations)
Review by DOE or a third-party designated by DOE
Solar Voltage Control Deviation +/- 5%BESS Frequency Control Deviation +/-0.5 Hz
BESS Voltage Control Deviation +/- 5%Solar Forecasting Accuracy (Daily MAPE) +/- 10%
Increased solar penetration level in the microgrid attributable MISST 20% to 35%
BESS Cycle Efficiency >= 90%Hours of BESS Operating at Full Capacity 4 hours
BESS Internal Energy Loss (in a fully charged state) <= 5%