WARM-UP: WEDNESDAY

1. What major bodies of water surround Europe?

2. What type of landform is Europe?

http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/flags/rs-flag.html

Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas?

Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas?

OROR

A Peninsula of Asia?A Peninsula of Asia?

Europe: An Asian Peninsula?

Europe: An Asian Peninsula?

Often referred to as a “peninsula of Peninsulas”

Why are peninsulas important? Sea travel, trade and exploration are all part of Europe’s History

BORDERS

Arctic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Ural Mountains

Mediterranean Sea

FAST FACTS Highest point-

>Mt.Blanc (15,781 ft)

Lowest point -> Caspian Sea (92 ft below sea level)

REGIONS

REGIONS

PENINSULAS OF EUROPE Scandinavian- Norway/Sweden, contain fjords(cut by glaciers)

Iberian- contains Spain/Portugal, Strait of Gibraltar

Balkan- many countries, ethnic wars here in the 1990’s

Italian- Italy Jutland – Denmark

Europe’s Latitude vs. NA

Europe’s Latitude vs. NA

Why isn’t Europe a cold, frozen Tundra like northern Canada?

London (51o30’ N) is at approximately the same latitude as Quebec City (51o07’ N )

24 hour average temperature

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London Quebec City

Paris (48o51’ N) is at approximately the same latitude as Thunder Bay, Ontario (48o28’ N)

24 hour average temperatures

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Degrees FarenheitParis Thunder Bay

CLIMATES OF EUROPE3 Major1. Marine west

coast2. Humid

continental3.

Mediterranean

“perfect” climate

Norwegian FjordsNorwegian Fjords

Glaciers cut

deep valleys in the

ocean during the

Ice Age.

fjords=> narrow, deep inlets of the sea between high rocky cliffs

NORTHERN EUROPEAN PLAIN From France’s

Atlantic coast to Ural Mtns.

Contains Europe’s Rivers

very fertile, farming for centuries

industry densely populated

THE ALPS Created by

tectonics, youngest mtns, highest, rugged

Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, & parts of Italy and France

Many passes between

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CnJfIONbJF4

PYRENEES -> FRANCE/SPAIN

Very rugged, few mountain passes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4j6tXyx35LY

SEAS OF EUROPE

MAJOR RIVERS OF EUROPE

All are Navigable = deep enough & wide enough for shipping

They use the river in various ways:* Transportation, Hydroelectricity, Irrigation and fishing.* Rivers were used as trade centers- many of which became major cities.

Capitals on the Rivers Capitals on the Rivers

Paris, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the Seine

London on the ThamesLondon on the Thames

Budapest on the DanubeBudapest on the DanubeRome on the TiberRome on the Tiber

The Danube River

The Danube River

How many countries does the Danube flow through?

POLDERS Along the

Elbe Also in the

North & Baltic Seas

Earth is built up into “dikes”

Land behind called “Polders”

Rich farmland Ex. Tulips

TULIPS FIELDS ON POLDERS75% of world’s supply from the Netherlands

Amsterdam’s Canals

Amsterdam’s Canals

Canals link the rivers to make it possible to travel all throughout areas by BOAT.

STRAITS

English Channel

Strait of Gibraltar

Between Europe & Africa

Between England

& France

Narrows to 8 miles wide

ISLANDS

British Isles – United Kingdom & Ireland

Iceland

MEDITERRANEAN ISLANDSSicily Malta

Corsica

Generally rugged & mountainous.

VENICE - CANALS