Post on 31-Dec-2015
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NPOESS Architecture and Program NPOESS Architecture and Program StatusStatus
Building Capacity in our Global Weather
System
Building Capacity in our Global Weather
System Critical inputs to weather forecast Critical inputs to weather forecast
models and global change models and global change monitoringmonitoring
Science-quality, operational data Science-quality, operational data to users and research scientists to users and research scientists
Continuity of climate data recordsContinuity of climate data records
Rapid data delivery 4x faster than Rapid data delivery 4x faster than legacy systems enables quicker legacy systems enables quicker reaction to changing conditionsreaction to changing conditions
10x the data of existing systems10x the data of existing systems Accurate data - better forecastsAccurate data - better forecasts
International collaborationInternational collaboration Contributes to 14 of 26 Essential Contributes to 14 of 26 Essential
Climate VariablesClimate Variables
Environmental Monitoring System in Environmental Monitoring System in Support of Defense and Civil Support of Defense and Civil
ApplicationsApplications
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Weather, Oceanography
Clouds, temperature, wind, precipitation, currents,
tides, land use
Nowcasting, Forecasting
Routine weather, disasters, military ops
NPOESS Environmental Monitoring Regimes
Space Environment
Auroral particles, high energy space radiation
Space Environmental Monitoring
Anomaly resolution, human space flight
safety
Climate Environment
Chemistry, water, land use
Long Term Monitoring Global change
implications
NPOESS System Architecture
NPOESS Mission Data Command & Telemetry NPP Mission Data
•Algorithm Support• Integrated Support Facility•Algorithm Support• Integrated Support Facility
Offline SupportOffline Support•Calibration/Validation•Calibration/Validation
A-DCSA-DCS
NPOESSPreparatoryProject
C21730
GPS TDRSSSupporting Space
White SandsComplex
C11330
TDRSS
NAVO
NESDIS
Command, Control & Communication Segment
Weather / Climate Products
Weather / Climate Products
Field Terminal SegmentTM
Mission DataMission Data
15 Globally Distributed Receptor sitesInterconnected by Commercial Fiber
SpaceSegment
AlternateMMC
FNMOC
AFWA
MissionManagement
Center (MMC)
HRDHRDLRDLRD
EELV
LaunchSupportSegment
LaunchSupportSegment
VAFBVAFB
CLASSCLASS SDSSDS
FNMOCFNMOC AFWAAFWA
Ingest Ingest Ingest
Weather CentralsWeather Centrals
ProcessingProcessing ProcessingProcessing ProcessingProcessing ProcessingProcessing
NAVONAVO
ProcessingProcessing
Ingest
Data DeliveryData Delivery
DataManagement
DataManagement
NESDISNESDIS
DQM
DQM
Data Delivery Data Delivery Data DeliveryData Delivery Data DeliveryData Delivery
Interface Data Processing SegmentInterface Data Processing Segment
DataManagement
DataManagement
DataManagement
DataManagement
DataManagement
DataManagement
SvalbardPrimary T&C
SARSATSARSAT
NPOESS Program Accomplishments: January – Apr 2009
NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP)
Payloads CrIS: environmental test completed, good performance
results; Tiger Team reviewing impacts of parts issues on a circuit card
VIIRS: proceeding into TVAC testing OMPS: Tiger Team reviewing disposition of screw torque
issue
Ground Successful end-to-end demo at AFWA
Operations Completed NPP Mission Operations Readiness Review
System Engineering Completed Early Engineering Space-to-Ground testing Sensor Performance analysis results - meets or exceeds
KPPs and EDRs
NPOESS
Payloads OMPS F2: nadir spectrometers aligned VIRS F2: procurements in progress CrIS F2: procurements in progress SEM-N: SRR completed to deliver before C1 need date MIS: NRL on contract to deliver before C2 need date ADCS & SARSAT: in production and on track TSIS: sensor on contract with LASP
Ground/Ops Operations & Sustainment Critical Design Audit - cleared to proceed to
NPOESS System Critical Design Review (CDR)
Space Segment Completed Space Segment CDA 23 Feb-6 March as planned at restructure
85 of 85 design reviews completed Delivered Spacecraft Control Processor (SCP)
System Engineering Completed the Operations and Sustainment (O&S) Critical Design Audit (CDA)
OMPS Delivered
IDPS AFWAComplete
NPOESS SBC Eng model delivered
IDPS at NESDIS Complete
CrIS TVAC Complete
VIIRS EMI and Vibe Complete
CERES Delivered
NPOESS Payload Development Status
Cross-track Infrared Sounder
with ATMS provides atmospheric temperature, moisture, and
pressure profiles
• Flight 1 sensor completed environmental and performance testing
• Performance meets or exceeds EDR requirements
• Parts issues at ITT require rework of a single circuit board
• Upcoming: Pre-Ship Review for NPP spacecraft planned for Jul 2009
Ozone Mapping & Profiler Suite
provides ozone data
• Flight 1 integrated on NPP spacecraft
Tiger Team reviewing disposition of screw torque issue
Visible/Infrared Imager/ Radiometer Suite
provides 22 EDRs of atmospheric and surface environmental data
• Flight 1 ambient, EMI and vibration testing completed
• Proceeding into TVAC environmental test
• Upcoming: VIIRS F1 in TVAC • Pre-Ship Review scheduled for
this fall
CrIS Instrument (ITT) VIIRS Instrument (Raytheon) OMPS Instrument (Ball)
NPOESS Payload Development Status
Advanced TechnologyMicrowave Sounder
with CrIS provides atmospheric temperature, moisture, and
pressure profiles
• Flight 1 integrated on NPP in 2005
Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy Systemprovides data on incoming and
outgoing radiant energy
• Flight Module 5 integrated on the NPP spacecraft in Nov 08
Total Solar Irradiance Sensor
provides data on the amount of energy emitted by the Sun
incident on Earth
• Approved by EXCOM for C1 satellite on 1 May 2008
• LASP on contract to delivery sensor in June 2012, within C1 need date
ATMS Instrument (NGES) CERES Instrument (NGST) TSIS Instrument (LASP)
NPOESS Payload Development Status
Microwave Imager Sounder
provides soil moisture and sea surface winds
• System Requirements Design Review in May
• Flight 1 Critical Design Review in 2011 with delivery in 2014 providing adequate margin to the C2 satellite need date
Space Environmental Monitor
provides data on charged particles entering the Earth’s
atmosphere
• Systems Requirements
Review successfully completed in Feb 2009
• On track to deliver by June 2012, within C1 need date
MIS Instrument (NRL)
Advanced Data Collection System &
Search and Rescue Satellite-Aided Tracking
monitors data from unmanned sites & relays distress signals from mariners and aviators in distress
• SAR Processor unit complete• SAR Receiver unit CDR in
2009• A-DCS 4 PDR completed in
Mar (High heritage from A-DCS 3)
A-DCS (CNES) & SARSAT (DND)
SEM Instrument (JHU/APL)
Special Sensor J5 (SSJ5-N)
Low-energy detector
Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPS)
Medium-energy detector
High Energy Sensor (HES)
Transmitter Unit (TXU)
Receiver Processing Unit (RPU)
SAR Repeater(DND)
VIIRSCryoradiator
CrIS Cryoradiator
VIIRS & ATMSHeat Rejection System
OMPSFocal PlaneRadiators
+X
+Y
+Z
ADCS Electronics
Receive Antenna
Tx Antennas
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NPOESS improves robustness, accuracy, and timeliness of NPOESS improves robustness, accuracy, and timeliness of delivery of essential weather and climate datadelivery of essential weather and climate data
Data Delivery
DMSP/POESNPP
NPOESS
100 – 150 minutes
140 minutes
28 minutes
DATA LATENCY – Delivery of Data to Users
Improvements Over Heritage
NPOESS
Heritage
Data Rate Data 1 Volume
Encryption Spectral Capability
Vertical Resolution
20 Mbps
1.5 Mbps
5.4 TB/Day
6.3 GB/Day
Selective
Total
22 bands
5 bands
1300 bands
40 bands
1 Data Volume per Satellite
NPOESS McMurdo Activity
“Off-Ice” Communications Infrastructure Leverages OPTUS SATCOM link from Antarctica to Australia Link has been active since December 2007 to support NSF End state is 60 Mbps outbound/20 Mbps inbound service to support NSF, NPOESS Final phase scheduled to complete in 2009-2010 work season
Installation of NPOESS Stored Mission Data (Ka-Band) Receptors Antenna pad #1 completed 2008-2009 work season Antenna pad #2 scheduled to complete in 2009-2010 work season Antenna installations scheduled for 2011-2012 work season
Enhancement of NASA’s McMurdo Ground Station (MGS) MGS is 10-meter antenna system with X/S-band receive/tracking capability NASA upgrading MGS to support MetOp stored mission data (receive-only) Upgrade scheduled for 2010-2011 work season
Implementation of Multi-Mission Communications and additional ground station capability Contract award expected July 2009 Baseline tasks are upgrades to support routing of MetOp data to Darmstadt Scheduled to complete in 2010-2011 work season Includes option to implement a DMSP data recovery and relay capability
Adds S-band receive capability to the NPOESS Stored Mission Data Receptors BTR funding request submitted by USAF in Apr 09 If exercised, capability in place by CY2012
Spacecraft designed for Earth observation missions Large nadir platform for maximum
payload accommodation on the EELV launch vehicle
Optical bench stability to ensure all sensors meet pointing requirements
Thermally optimized with large cold-side access for science payloads
Overall Satellite Orbit: 828 km
13:30-C1 ascending node crossing
05:30-C2 ascending node crossing
Capacity to transmit 5.4 Terabytes a day(half the library of Congress)
7-year duration to ensure no operational gaps
Ka-Band downlink to SafetyNetTM enables downlink of all collected data with 4x improvement of data latency (95% of collected data delivered as EDRs in 28 min)
Large on-board recorder capacity and SafetyNetTM architecture provides 99.99% data availability
Leverages NASA’s Earth Observation Satellite (EOS) heritage and experience
C1 1330 Satellite
(note that C2 will have MIS)
C1 1330 Satellite
(note that C2 will have MIS)
OMPS
CrIS
ATMS
VIIRS
Ka-Band to Safety NetTM
TSIS
S-Band Link
SARSAT & A-DCS Tx Antennas
SARSAT & A-DCS Rx Antenna
L-Band LRD Link
X-Band HRD Link
Velocity Direction (+XS/C axis)
CERES
Satellite Architecture
C2 0530 SatelliteC2 0530 Satellite
CrISCrIS ATMSATMS
VIIRSVIIRSVIIRSVIIRS
MIS
TSIS
SARSAT & A-DCS Tx Antennas
Ka-Band to Safety NetTM
Velocity Direction (+XS/C axis)
S-Band Link
L-Band LRD LinkX-Band HRD Link
SARSAT & A-DCS Rx Antenna
CrIS & ATMS no longer manifested on C2
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• Improved Cloud Analyses for AFWA forecast models
• Enhanced Aerosol Cloud Discrimination procedures
• Increased knowledge of CFLOS to support missions
• Higher quality products for military applications
AFWA Cloud Forecast Models
Clouds
Cloud Shadows
Superior Cloud Detection/Discrimination improvesCloud Free Line of Sight (CFLOS) determination
Superior Aerosol detection (dust, smoke, pollution)Aerosols
Aerosols
• 22 spectral bands
• Co-registered multi-spectral imagery
• Cloud & Aerosol Detection bands
• Thin Cirrus & Dual gain bands
• Cloud Top Height, Cloud Top Base, Cloud Cover Layer, & Opt. Properties
VIIRS Sensor
412nm Dual Gain band gives superior contrast over desert and improved detection of smoke, dust, and haze
MODIS VIIRS
• 3D gridded cloud product, near Uniform Cell Size
• CTH, CTB, CCL, COP and EPS Products
• Feeds directly into AFWA high resolution Cloud Forecast Models
NPOESS/VIIRS Supports Superior Cloud Forecasting
Opaque Cirrus
Thin CirrusWater Clouds
CFLOS
4 CloudLayers
OpaqueWater Clouds
OpaqueWater Clouds
Thin Cirrus
CFLOS
VIIRS/NPOESS Provides:
Mixed Phase Clouds
Better CFLOS
Better Detection
Aerosols Detection
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Instrument Performance very promising Instrument Performance very promising – meets/exceeds KPPs & EDRs– meets/exceeds KPPs & EDRs
CrIS Atmosphere Vertical Temperature and Moisture Profile KPP EDRs met with margin due to outstanding sensor performance
spec
Compliant region
Non-compliant region
Simulation results
Pres
sure
(mba
r)
Temperature (K)
CrIS
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
50 150 250 350 450 550
Acc
ura
cy E
rro
r (D
U)
650Total Column Ozone (DU)
spec
Performance better than spec
Ozone Total Column EDR Accuracy meets requirements with margin
OMPS
VIIRS
• All KPPs (bold boxes) Green• All NPP EDRs green except Aerosol Optical Thickness and Ocean Color (based on flight sensor ambient testing)• All NPOESS EDRs green except Ocean Color (yellow; expected to go green following testing of integrated filter)
SEA
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Black & WhiteBANDS
OLS: 1 Vis; 1 IR
AVHRR: 1 Vis; 5 IR
Current Operational
Weather
Advanced ImageryImproves Interpretation
SmokePlume
TankerOn fire
Tough Problems
Solved
False ColorVIIRS 22 bands willprovide improved discrimination of scene features
LOWCLOUDSAt Night
Terrain
SNOWLOW CLOUD
HIGH CLOUD
Multispectral capability greatly enhances scene feature discriminationMultispectral capability greatly enhances scene feature discrimination
Future Operational
Weather
3 Band True ColorDramatic enhancement of image content over single-band pan imagery [e.g. land surface types, water turbidity, and dust – cloud discrimination
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Advanced Soundings Result in Better Forecasts
CurrentFidelity
NPOESSFidelity
Hundreds of Channels
Produces Global
Forecast for national and military users
Where is Dujuan headed?Nat’l Hurricane Center
What Air Refueling route is optimal?
Tanker Airlift Control Center
All forecasts start with a global model
Temperature and moisture
profiles
NPOESS Fidelity
Currently 5–15 Channels
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Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS)
DMSP OLS Low Light VIIRS Day Night Band
Swath width ~3,000 km ~3,000 km
Nadir Resolution 2,200 m 742 m
Swath Edge Resolution 5,400 m 1,600 m
Radiometric Resolution6-bit quantized
(256 gray shades)12-bit quantized
(16,384 gray shades)
Calibration Uncalibrated Calibrated across swath
Gain settingsAutomatic gain normalization
(easily saturated)High, mid and low gain
(119,000:477:1 ratio)
Signal to noise ratio Low to mediumHigh
(30 @ nadir, 6 @ swath edge)
Min moonlight illumination > 50% > 25%
“In an overall view, it appears that the VIIRS/FU-1 will perform in a manner equal to or better than the MODIS instrument.” – NASA MODIS Science Team Lead
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DMSP/OLS 8/30/2004 0504 UTCDMSP/OLS 8/30/2004 0504 UTC11.0 11.0 µµm IR Windowm IR Window
GeorgetteGeorgette Eastern Eastern PacificPacific
15 N15 N
20 N20 N
125 W125 W 120 W120 W
Upper-LevelUpper-LevelCirculationCirculation
Lower-LevelLower-LevelCirculation Circulation ~200km SE~200km SE
Monitoring Tropical Cyclones at Night
•High-level circulation seen in Infrared
•Lower level cloud fields revealed via DMSP night time visible sensitivity
•High vertical shear displacements between upper and lower level centers can be 200 km in some cases
Avoiding the “Sunrise Surprise”Courtesy of NRL
NPOESS VIIRS Day Night Band will provide better spatial resolution with less noise
NPOESS VIIRS Day Night Band will provide better spatial resolution with less noise
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Synopsis
Real hardware and software being delivered Command, Control and Communications System complete
& installed at NOAA Satellite Operations facility (NSOF); transitioned to Operations and Support
Integrated Data Processing System is in transition to Operations and Support at NSOF and will be complete by June 2009
NPOESS Sensor EDU integration and test with NASA NPP spacecraft completed
Sensor Flight Hardware completing rigorous testing Operational Space Segment development
on track for implementing Nation’s next generation environmental monitoring system
On plan to provide critical national weather and climate monitoring system for assured data continuity
On plan to provide critical national weather and climate monitoring system for assured data continuity
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OLS OLS • AVHRR
• SeaWiFS• MODIS
VIIRS Incorporates Key Features From and Improves Upon Previous Operational and R&D Sensors
R&D Sensors
Ocean ColorBands
RotatingTelescope
Band Selection/Continuity
Thin Cirrus Band
Solar Diffuser
Earthshine Lessons Learned
Operational Sensors
High Spatial Resolution
Day/Night Band
Minimize Resolution Growth Over Scan• VIIRS
275 kg
22 bands
OMM EM
Radiometric Accuracy
SST Band Continuity
74 kg
2 bands
33 kg
5 bands
45 kg
8 bands
220 kg
36 bands