1

InterpersonalInterpersonal

Non-VerbalNon-Verbal

Most nonverbal behavior is not codified. . .a particular behavior can have many

meanings. . .depending on the user’s

• personality,• family influences,• culture,• the context of the communication,• or, the relationship of the nonverbal behavior

to the verbal message. Pg. 115

2

The words we use

Actions, vocal qualities, and activities that typically accompany a verbal message

3

Verbal Verbal CommunicationCommunication

Nonverbal Nonverbal CommunicationCommunication

4

93%93%of emotional meaning of messages is nonverbal.

Mehrabian (1972)

Show Off Time

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Affective

Ambiguous

Continuous

Multi-channeled

14

Group Activity

Substitute

Complement

Contradict

16

VerbalCommunication

When nonverbal and verbal

contradict, we tend to accept the nonverbal

inference.

17

1. Facial expression and eye contact2. Kinesics (body motion) 3. Proxemics and personal space 4. Artifacts5. Touch (haptics)6. Paralanguage7. Chronemics (time) 8. Physical characteristics

18

Everything

except the

words!

Everything

except the

words!

Men & women have different nonverbal rules.

What can men do that women can not? (nonverbally)

What can women do that men can not? (nonverbally)

19

20

Mrs. Doubtfire

1. Emblems2. Illustrators3. Affect display4. Regulators5. Adaptors6. Courtship readiness cues:

1. Preening behavior2. Positional cues3. Actions of appeal or invitation

21

Nonverbal gestures that take the place of a word or phrase

22

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

23

IllustratorIllustratorssNonverbal gestures that

complementwhat a speaker is saying

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

Facial expressions and gestures that augment the verbal expression of feelings

24

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

25

RegulatorRegulatorssFacial expressions or gestures that

are used to control or regulate the flow of a conversation

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

Body motions that are used to relieve tension

26

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

27

Is everyone awake?

28

5 Students have used up their 3 absences!

Smiling is one of a very limited number of “pancultural” nonverbal behaviors.

• Intensify• Deintensify• Neutralize• Masking.

29

Intensify – exaggerate our facial expressions to fit the situation, i.e. smiling at a wedding.

Deintensify – when we want to control or subdue an expression, when you found out you got into law school and your friend did not.

Neutralize – avoid showing any facial expressions to appear neutral, i.e. judges at a gymnastic event.

Masking – when you want to conceal our real emotion, i.e. when your significant other buys something and you want to conceal your anger by looking excited.

30

Activity

Example # 1

Example # 2

Example # 3

Mask

Deintensify

Neutralize

Masking32

Example # 1 Example # 2

Masking

Intensify

Neutralize

Deintensify33

34

Of the face the eye communicates more than

any other feature.

“Our faces are the windowsto the world.”

The majority of people in the United States and other Western cultures expect people to look them in the eye when communicating.

35

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

• Japanese direct their gaze to a position around the Adam’s apple.

•Chinese, Indonesians, and Mexicans lower their eyes as a sign of deference.

•Arabs look intently into others’ eyes showing keen interest.

36

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

Pitch Volume Rate Quality

37

Vocal communication minus the words

Touching and being touched are essential to a healthy life

Touch can communicate power, empathy, understanding

38

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

What message do you wish to send with your choice of clothing and personal grooming?

39

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

How do you dress?1. Comfort &

protection2. Modesty3. Cultural Display

What artifacts do you display?

40

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

How do we manage and react to others’ management of time• duration• activity• punctuality

41

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

42

Polychronic and monochronic variations of time exist within cultures. Should we ask polychronics to conform in the workplace?

Our sense of smell is very personal.

Our sense of smell often dictates how we perceive others from different cultures.

Variations:• Deodorants• Soaps• Perfumes• Body lotions

43

Intimate distance, up to 18”, is appropriate for private conversations between close friends.

Personal distance, from 18”- 4’, is the space in which casual conversation occurs.

Social distance, from 4’ – 12’, is where impersonal business such as job interviews is conducted.

Public distance is anything more than 12’

44

Your office Your desk A table in the

cafeteria that you sit at regularly

45

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

46

Yellow cheers and

elevates moods

Red excitesand

stimulates

Blue comfortsand

soothes

In some cultures

black suggests mourning

In some cultures

white suggestspurity

47

Nonverbal Nonverbal SignalsSignalsVary from culture to

culture

Mic

roso

ft P

hoto

In the United States it is a symbol for good job

In Germany the number one

In Japan the number five In Ghana an insult In Malaysia the thumb is

used to point rather than a finger

48-Atlantic Committee for the Olympic Games

49

We need to monitor our own nonverbalcommunication and exercise care in interpreting that of others.

Independently read pages 125-6, “Nonverbal Expectancy Violation Theory.” Consider its implications.

50