Post on 11-Jan-2016
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2005 NACF MeetingAGC – CCA - CMIC
September, 2005.
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Associations Overview
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Associations Overview
Mexican Chamber of the Construction Industry
It is a public interest, autonomous institution with its own legal personality and resources, which was created to represent the construction industry’s general interests and to comply with the Business Chambers and Confederations Law.
They are in charge of offering the services to affiliates.
It has nation-wide jurisdiction.
It has 43 delegations, which confer its National characteristic.
Delegations
Institutions whose legal personality and resources are conformed as one.
They represent the Chamber within a territorial distric, in which it exerts its action in state and municipal matters.
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TijuanaBaja Cal.
Baja Cal. Sur
Sinaloa
Sonora
Ciudad Juarez
DurangoChihuahua
Noroeste - NONoroeste - NONorthwest
Northeast
TamaulipasCd. Victoria
Coahuila
Nuevo Leon
SaltilloComarca Lagunera
Colima
Zacatecas
San Luis Potosi
Guanajuato
Nayarit
JaliscoAguascalientes
MichoacanMiddle West
Edo. de MexicoMexico City
Guerrero
Morelos
Queretaro
Tlaxcala
Hidalgo
Puebla
Center of Country
ChiapasOaxaca
VeracruzXalapa
CoatzacoalcosTabasco
Poza RicaCampeche
YucatanQuintana Roo
South Southeast
43 Delegations
nation-wide
8 thousand affiliates
Associations Overview
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Normativity
Business Chambers and Confederations Law
Bylaws
Ethics Code
Chamber Objectives
To represent, protect and promote the general interests of the construction industrialists.
To serve as a State’s advisory and collaborative body.
To perform all the activities established in the Business Chambers Law.
Associations Overview
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TRAINING AND PRACTICE FOR THE INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES
Construction Industry Training Institute
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES FOR CONSTRUCTION
Technological Institute of Construction
APPLIED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE INCREASE OF PRODUCTIVITY
The Construction Industry Foundation
Associations Overview
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Governing Bodies
General Assembly
Board of Directors
Executive Commission
Chairman of the Board of Directors
Delegational Executive Committees
General Direction
Associations Overview
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PresidentIng. Netzahualcóyotl Salvatierra López
Secretary
Ing. Tomás Enrique Flores Rangel
Treasurer
Ing. Oscar Fosado Monsalvo
Hydrocarbons Sector
Ing. Luis Puig Lara
Electricity Sector
Ing. Eric Moreno Mejía
Housing and Urban Development Sector
Ing. Jorge Diez de Bonilla Rico
Communications and Transportation Sector
Ing. Fernando Pérez Holder
Tourism Sector
Ing. Roberto Calvet Roquero
Industry and Commerce Sector
Lic. Jorge Espina Reyes
Health, Security and Justice Sector
Ing. Héctor Garza Ancira
Water and Environment Sector
Ing. Antonio Casillas Gutiérrez
Education and Culture Sector
Arq. Eli Elfego Pérez Matos
Institutions
Arq. Daniel R. Gámez Nieto
Financing
Ing. Humberto Armenta González
Normativity
Lic. Manuel García García
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Economic Background
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Economic Scenario
Mexican Economy Strengths:•2.8% growth in the 1st. semester and 3% expected at year’s closure, based on:
Population (million people)
GDP (billion dollars)
Total 435 14,196United States 296 12,376Canada 33 1,070Mexico 106 7501 Information as of the 2nd quarter.
Source: INEGI and Oxford Economic Forecasting.
U.S., Canada and Mexico’s Population and GDP, 2005 1
Manageable foreign debt: it reduced from 12.2% of GDP in 2000 to 8.9% in June this year (66.1 thousand million dollars).
Healthy public finances: 0.5% GDP surplus as of June, the goal at year’s closure is a 0.1% deficit.
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Economic Scenario
The highest international reserves in history: 60 billion dollars in June.
The Country’s risk has remained at low levels, below 200 points.
Oil price higher than expected: 51 dls./barrel in August vs 27 dls. projected. Part of the surplus is allocated to infrastructure works in the provinces.
The flow of family remittances continues: 9 billion dollars as of June, 2005, 18% more than in 2004.
Exchange rate estimation: 10.83 pesos per dollar in August, at the end of 2004 it was 11.15.
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• Investments in hydrocarbons (11.5 billion dollars), electricity (4.6 billion dollars) and highways (2.5 billion dollars) are also outstanding.
The construction industry:•Has shown a progressive growth, from a 2.1%
growth in 2002 to 5.3% in 2004. An increase of 4% is expected by the end of 2005.
Economic Scenario
•Greater public investment in the provinces due to the extraordinary oil revenues.
•3% growth as of the first quarter, 2005.
• It is one of the main drivers of the Mexican economy.
•Housing is the leading sector: 640 thousand housing credits and subsidies will be granted this year, with a 13.1 million dollar investment, 3.9% more than in 2004.
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•Public-private alliances are multiplying the infrastructure investment:
Highway concessions:a)-In operation, the Matehuala bypass road
(142 km and a 35 million dollar investment);-Under construction, the Mexicali bypass road (41 km and 60 million dollars) and the Tepic-Villa Union Highway (224 km and 221 million dollars);-To be initiated, the Amozoc-Perote (122.5 km and 174 million dollars) and the Morelia-Salamanca (83 km and 81 million dollars) Highways;-Under bidding process, the Mexico City North bypass road (219 km and 522 million dollars) and the San Luis Rio Colorado International Bridge.
Economic Scenario
b) 22 projects next to be opened for bidding for the concession of more than 700 km, with a total investment of 2.5 billion dollars.
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Projects for Service Rendering: Roads: forthcoming initiation of the
Irapuato-La Piedad section (74 km and 83 million dollars). Additionally, there are 7 projects next to be opened for bidding for the operation of 438 km, with a total investment of 1.4 billion dollars.
Economic Scenario
The bidding process for the San Luis Potosi Polytechnic University is currently under preparation.
The High Specialty Hospital of the Bajio Region [Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajio], with 184 beds, is currently in bidding process.
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Political Background
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Political Background
• The presidential candidates of each political party will be defined this year, in order to begin the political campaigns process.
• On July 6th, 2006, the presidential elections and the elections for Federal Deputies and Senators will take place.
• The elected President will take office on December 1st, 2006.
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Political Scenario
Change in the political forces:
• The PRI has maintained its political presence, ruling 17 of the 32 federal entities of the Country, and it is also the political party that leads the greatest number of municipalities .
ConceptFederalEntities Municipalities
Population
per Federal Entity
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0PRI 53.1 26.8 57.1PAN 21.9 20.9 19.7PRD 18.8 11.8 21.8
Coalitions 6.3 8.9 1.4Other 1 0.0 31.5 0.0Source: Web Directory of the Mexican Government and the National Institute for
Federalism and Municipal Development (INAFED).1 Includes municipalities ruled by the PVEM, PT, Municipal Councils, Independent
candidates in the federal entities and by usages and customs.
Political filiation of the Federal Entities and Municipalities of Mexico, 2005
(percentages)
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Political Scenario
• Even though PRI holds the majority in the legislative power, it does not reach the minimum required for the approval of the proposed laws (2/3), and therefore, it has to seek agreements with other parties .
Concept Deputies % Senators %Total 494 100.0 128 100.0PRI 218 44.1 58 45.3PAN 149 30.2 47 36.7PRD 97 19.6 16 12.5PVEM 17 3.4 5 3.9Other
113 2.6 2 1.6
Votes required (66.6%) 329 85Source: Chamber of Deputies of the Congress and Senate of the Republic.1 Includes legislators from Convergencia and PT parties and legislators who have no specific policital filiation.
Political filiation of the federal legislators in Mexico, 2005
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Political Scenario
2006 Elections:The political parties are in the process of selecting their candidates; there is no glimpse yet of a candidate with a high popular support.
•The PRI’s adversary will be the search for credibility from the population, as well as the conciliation of the internal conflicts.
•The PAN’s adversary will be the voters themselves, who did not perceive the party as the real change.
•PRD’s adversaries will be abstention from voting, the expenditure in promotion and image and the emergence of new leftist options.
•For the first time, the 4.3 million Mexicans in the United States will be able to vote, which may be important for the presidential elections, since they represent 6.3% of the electoral census in Mexico (68.4 million).
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Accomplishments and Priorities
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Priorities
To maximize the securing capacity of constructors affiliated to CMIC, according to their sales, administration and work production capacity.
Accomplishments and Priorities
Productive chains (work advancement estimation factoring).
To develop and promote mechanisms to link economic resources to infrastructure needs, through the work of the National Financing Commission.
Financing for Public Work Contracts (public work
advance payments and public work preestimation
factoring).
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Coordinate, guide, promote and foment strategies and actions between the public and private sector, for the integrated development of the infrastructure required in the Country.
Round Tables • Normativity• Financing• Budget• Public-Private Alliances• Competitiveness• Global Markets• Environmental Infrastructure• Energy Infrastructure• Communications and Transportation• Regional Development
National Infrastructure Council
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National Infrastructure Council
Mesoregional Infrastructure Council
The regional nature of some projects (more than one federal entity) makes the coordination between the local governments and the participation of the federal government necessary.
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National Infrastructure Council
Mesoregional Infrastructure Council
State Infrastructure Council
With the purpose of coordinating, guiding, promoting and fostering strategies and actions between the public and private sectors for the integrated development of the infrastructure required in the state and municipalities.
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To establish guidelines regulating the allocation of biddings in a more equitable manner.
SECRETARIA DE LAFUNCION PUBLICA SFP
BIDDING BASES
“CRITERION”
ECONOMIC TECHNIQUE = EVALUATION =
PROPOSAL SOLVENCY
AWARD
ECONOMICALLY MORE ADVANTAGEOUS TO THE STATE
PRICE
QUALITY
FINANCING
OPPORTUNITY
NATIONAL CONTENT
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AGREEMENT BETWEEN CMIC AND THE PUBLIC FUNCTION DEPARTMENT FOR SAID PURPOSE
SECRETARIA DE LAFUNCION PUBLICA SFP
To assure the mechanisms and procedures allowing the completion of the infrastructure projects promoted by the federal government in terms of transparency, equity and legal certainty, so they are completed timely and in the due form.
The strategic entities that execute the most important governmental public works concur in the agreement.
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To collaborate in the transparency and fight against corruption
practices within contracting processes.
AGREEMENT BETWEEN CMIC, THE PUBLIC FUNCTION DEPARTMENT AND THE FEDERAL ROADS AND BRIDGES
AGENCY
SECRETARIA DE LAFUNCION PUBLICA SFP
THERE ARE INTEGRAL PROGRAMS CONSIDERING TRAINING COURSES, DIPLOMA COURSES, VALIDATION AND
CERTIFICATION OF COMPANIES BY SPECIALTY, CURRENTLY IN HOUSING AND TOURISM
PARTICIPATION IN THE BIDDING BASES OF IMPORTANT PROJECTS PREPARED BY PEMEX
To promote training, validation and certification among companies
in this sector.
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Labor / Labour Topics
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Migration and Labor Policy
Mexicans in the United States:
•The estimated number of Mexican-origin people living in the United States is 26.6 million.
The number of people born in Mexico who live in the United States equals 9.9 million.
o54% entered between 1990 and 2002.
oOnly 22% have the U.S. citizenship.
o69% are in working ages, i.e., 6.8 million people.
oConstruction and the primary sector draw 17% and 4.4% of the working population, respectively.
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Migration and Labor Policy
Temporary migration:
• Around 437 thousand mexicans in average cross the border each year as temporary immigrants who later go back to their communities of origin. Of these, 79% work without authorization.
• The temporary immigrants flow decreased from 464 thousand during 1993-1997 to 437 thousand in 2001-2003.
• Between 2001-2003, the average stay of temporary immigrants in the U.S. increased to 12.2 months, in contrast with 5.5 months during 1993-1997.
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Migration and Labor Policy
The migration policy of the Mexican Government with the U.S.:
• The Mexican Government seeks:
oTo allow the safe, suitable, legal and orderly displacement and residence of Mexicans.
oA negotiation with the United States, considering migration as a shared responsibility.
• The September 11, 2001 attacks have limited the advancement of the migration agreement.
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Migration and Labor Policy
• The U.S. migration agenda considers the following:
oThe migratory regularization of around 3.5 million indocumented immigrants.
oA temporary workers program allowing the authorized access of Mexicans to productive regions and sectors of the U.S.
oThe strengthening of border security aimed to prevent the death of immigrants and illegal people trade.
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Job Safety
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Federal Labor Law
TRAINING
EnergyDepartment
Federal Government
Labor and SocialSecurityDepartment
The Construction Industry Training Institute
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BACKGROUND
Petroleos Mexicanos is one of the companies of greatest interest due to the continuous improvement of the productive processes of its organization and the respect for the communities and the ecological setting where it operates; in addition, one of its priorities is the Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection in its facilities and for the personnel working in them.
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Consolidation of contracting companies workers safety Consolidation of contracting companies workers safety through trainingthrough training
On November 18th, 1998,
an Agreement was
undersigned with CMIC-
ICIC for the training of the
contractors’ personnel in
industrial safety and
environmental protection.
Due to the fact that the
contractors’ personnel in
Pemex Gas represented
40% of the total population
in 1998, Pemex Gas
suggested as strategy the
training in industrial safety
and environmental
protection through CMIC-
ICIC.
OOTHE GOAL IS
CERIncidents
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OBJECTIVE OF THEOBJECTIVE OF THEPEMEX-CMIC-ICIC AGREEMENTPEMEX-CMIC-ICIC AGREEMENT
To assist constructor companies in fulfilling Pemex requirements regarding Safety and Environmental Protection, thus contributing to the prevention of accidents in its facilities and to the maintenance of safe works.
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To assure that the construction activities performed by
Contracting Companies are executed according to PEMEX’s
safety and environmental protection standards, and that their
performance in this area equals that of world class
companies in the construction sector.
By means of:
TrainingTraining
Incorporation of Industrial Incorporation of Industrial
Safety and Environmental Safety and Environmental
Protection requirements in Protection requirements in
contracts.contracts.
Operation Strategy
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PEMEX EXPLORATION
AND PRODUCTION
PEMEX GAS AND BASIC
PETROCHEMISTRY
PEMEX REFINING
PEMEX PETROCHEMISTRY
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PEMEX-ICIC
Training Strategy
Development and implementation of training programs in
Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection for medium level
and operating personnel in companies that develop construction
and maintenance projects in Petroleos Mexicanos subsidiaries.
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SECOND STAGE
Training in Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection for operating levels
THIRDSTAGE
Training in Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection by occupation
FIRSTSTAGE
Training in Industrial Safety and Environmental
Protection for supervisors
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PEMEX-CMIC-ICICAgreement Actions
Technical and didactic training for instructors.
Sensitization lectures.
Seminars on Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection.
Training is carried out in PEMEX-ICIC class rooms located within the parastatal company facilities.
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Design of didactic materials for Training
Design of the PEMEX - ICIC Training Certificate
PEMEX-CMIC-ICICAgreement Actions
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RESULTS FROM 1998 TO JUNE 2005
PEMEX CMIC-ICIC AGREEMENT
No. of Events No. of People
Man-Hours Trained
Seminars 5 1, 480 17,760
Courses 1, 647 26, 292 264,833
Employees from 644 companies have Employees from 644 companies have received the training coursesreceived the training courses
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Environmental Aspects
RULING LAWS AND REGULATIONS
FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENTS
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RULING LAWS AND REGULATIONS
FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENTS
•In terms of environmental regulations, basic terms are defined in the Constitution of Mexico in it’s 4th article: “Every person has the right for an appropiate environment in order to find prosperity.”
• Articlr 27 underlines that “The property of land and water inside the national territory belongs to the nation, having by that the right to regulate the use of the natural resources, assure it’s conservation, preserve and restore the ecological equilibrium, in order to achieve an equilibrate development of the country.”
• There is also the General Law of Ecological Equilibrium and the Protection of the Environment (LGEEPA) as well as the Official Mexican Rulings (NOM’S). Their goal si to preserve and restore the ecological equilibrium.
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•In order to obtain authorization to develop a tourism resort, an evaluation of the environmental impact needs to be done, as it is defined in article 28 of the General Law of Ecological Equilibrium and Environment Protection :
“The Environmental Impact Evaluation is the procedure through wich the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT) establishes the conditions for construction and activities that might cause unstable ecosystems or avoid the limits and conditions establish in the appropiate laws to protect the environment and preserve the ecosystems, in order to reduce to the minimum the negative effects on the environment....”
Project should be developed according to local urban plans and the federal ecological ruling, declarations of indangered species and other laws that might apply.
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The official laws that have more impact on Tourism developments are:
NOM-022-SEMARNAT-2003, Establishes the specifications to preserve and watch the ustaintability of the coast zones with mangrove.
NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2001, Protects the native mexican species of silvester flora and fauna at risk.
PROY-NOM-140-SEMARNAT-2005, Establishes the general environmental requirements to develop golf courses and resorts that include them.
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Tourism is an activity that can increase the value of local ecosystems, and integrates the people to the town, city or municipality development, wich is more important during the transition from rural municipalities to urban developments.
It’s an economic activity that might sustain the environmental conditions and who’s responsability belongs to the nation.
Environmental legislation in a major component in any tourism develpment in Mexico, essencial to prevent future damages, and to prepare how to deal with problems.
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CONSTRUCTION INPUTS
AVAILABILITY AND PRICES
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The construction industry generates directly more than 4 million remunerated occupations, which represents 12% of the total national occupied personnel amounting to more than 33 million, besides of generating more than 1.5 million direct employments in sectors related to this industry, which represent 5% of the national total.
Iron and steel, Cement, Transportation, oil and oil derivatives, financial services, structural metallic products, professional services, wood and cork products, glass and glass products, machinery and electric devices, plastic products, basic chemistry, restaurants and hotels are among the main sectors in which indirect employments are generated.
Creation of Employments in ConstructionCreation of Employments in Construction
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Import and Export of Construction MaterialsImport and Export of Construction Materials
Imports
According to the Foreign Trade Bank (BANCOMEXT), from January to November, 2004, the construction materials and ironwork imports amounted to 4.6 billion dollars (including the manufacturing [maquila] of products made with raw materials from the country of origin, for example, tools and machinery).
Regarding the origin of imports, more than 72% come from the United States, 3.8% from Germany, 3.4% from China, 3.2% from Spain and 3.0% from Japan.
The 3 main concepts imported were hand tools, various valves and their parts, as well as screws, nuts and iron or steel bolts.
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Exports
According to BANCOMEXT, from January to November, 2004, the construction materials and ironwork exports amounted to 5.9 billion dollars (including maquila), a figure 24.5% higher than that in 2003.
The three main concepts exported were wrench valves and common metal, iron or manufactured steel parts in various forms, as well as marble and cut stones.
The destination of exports was as follows: more than 90% to the United States, around 2% to Canada and around 1% to Guatemala and 0.5% to Germany.
CommercialBalance
This yields a positive balance for Mexico in construction materials, of 1.3 billion dollars during 2004.
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0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J
U.S. (Hot rolledsteel bars,plates, andstructuralshapes)
MEX.(Reinforcement steel,bars)
CAN (Bars, hotrolled, steel)
Sources: Producer price indexes with services from the Bank of Mexico
Bereau of Labor Statistics U.S.
Statistics Canada
2004 2005
Comparative Increase in Construction MaterialsComparative Increase in Construction Materials
Cumulative Increase of Prices to Reinforcement Steel Producers
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-2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J
U.S.(Cement)
MEX.(CementPortland)
CANCement,portland
Cumulative Increase of Prices to Cement Producers
2004 2005
Sources: Producer price indexes with services from the Bank of Mexico
Bereau of Labor Statistics U.S.
Statistics Canada
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-2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J
U.S.(Cement)
MEX.(CementPortland)
CANCement,portland
2004 2005Sources: Producer price indexes with services from the Bank of Mexico
Bereau of Labor Statistics U.S.
Statistics Canada
Cumulative Increase of Prices to Cement Producers
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-10.00%
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J
U.S.(Iron/steelpipe & tubemfg frompurch steel)
MEX. (Ironand steeltubes)
CAN(Mechanicalsteel tubing)
Cumulative Increase of Prices to Iron and Steel Tube Producers
2004 2005
Sources: Producer price indexes with services from the Bank of Mexico
Bereau of Labor Statistics U.S.
Statistics Canada
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-2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J
U.S.(Aluminumsheet, plate& foil mfg)
MEX.(Aluminium plate)
CAN(Aluminum:structuralshapes,extrusionsandforgings)
2004 2005Sources: Producer price indexes with services from the Bank of Mexico
Bereau of Labor Statistics U.S.
Statistics Canada
Cumulative Increase of Prices to Aluminium Plate Producers
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Parametric costs of different types of buildingsParametric costs of different types of buildings
Costs are per square feet and at direct cost, and therefore, they do not include indirect costs, utility, project costs or the value of land.
The type of materials, such as construction materials, are different in each country, and costs may vary depending on the particular features of each project.
Mexico 1 Canada 2 United States 3
Type of building $/ft2 Type of building $/ft2 Type of building $/ft2
Socilal interest, multifamiliar building, total area: 21,434 ft2
20.83 Apartments, Low Rise of 20,000 ft2 gross
67.66 Apartments, Low Rise of 20,000 ft2
50.45
Mid-level, multifamiliar building, total area: de 52,724 ft2
32.32 Apartments, Mid Rise of 50,000 ft2 gross
85.55 Apartments, Mid Rise of 50,000 ft2 gross
63.67
Mid-level office building, total area: de 38,000 ft2
25.50 Offices, Mid Rise of 100,000 ft2 gross
96.65 Offices, Mid Rise of 100,000 ft2 gross
72.56
Primary School, total area: 24,370 ft2
25.63 Schools, Elementary of 30,000 ft2 gross
65.38 Schools, Elementary of 30,000 ft2 gross
77.89
Sources: 1.- Instituto Mexicano del Precio Unitario [Mexican Institute for Unit Prices, with approximate costs in Mexico City in US dollars.
2.- RS Means with average costs in the city of Toronto, in Canadian dollars
3.- RS Means with average costs in Texas, in US dollars
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Social interest, multifamiliar building, total area: 21,434 ft2
Mid-level, multifamiliar building, total area: 52,724 ft2
Mid-level office building, total area: 38,000 ft2
Primary school, total area: 24,370 ft2
Area or element % Area or element % Area or element % Area or element %
Foundation for 4 levels 12.3 Foundation for 11 levels 7.4 Foundation for 12 levels 8.8Reinforced foundation for 3 levels 11.8
Concrete structure for 4 levels
40.5Concrete structure for 11 levels
35.1Concrete structure for 12 levels
43.8Concrete structure for 3 levels
26.7
Front 6.5 Front 6.3 Front 3.2 Front and external roof 12.7
Deck roof 3.4 Deck roof 0.8 Back facade 2.0 Deck roof 3.4
Inner construction 19.7 Inner construction 21.6 Deck roof 0.9Inner construction for class rooms
23.6
Water and plumbing, gas
6.8Inner construction for parking
0.8 Construcción Interior 1.4Inner construction for auditorium
5.1
Full bathroom 2.6Water and plumbing, gas
3.8Inner construction for receiving room
3.0Water and plumbing, gas
5.5
Wiring 8.2 Full bathroom 2.2 Water and plumbing 5.6 General bathroom 1.3
4 m integral kitchen 5.2 Shared bathroom 1.4 Private bathroom 0.9
Wiring 5.8 Wiring 11.1 Wiring 9.0
Wiring for parking 0.4 8 passenger elevator 18.7
8 passenger elevator 10.6
Parametric costs structure in MexicoParametric costs structure in Mexico
Source: Instituto Mexicano del Precio Unitario [Mexican Institute for Unit Prices]
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Parametric costs specifications in MexicoParametric costs specifications in Mexico
Social interest, multifamiliar building, total area: 21,434
ft2
Mid-level, multifamiliar building, total area: 52,724
ft2
Mid-level office building, total area 38,000 ft2
Primary school, total area: 24,370 ft2
Foundation based on dies, footing, auxiliary beams and 15 cm reinforced concrete slabs.
Foundation made of isolated footings, continuous footings, auxiliary beams and perimetrical walls made of reinforced concrete and 15 cm reinforced concrete slabs.
Foundation made of continuous footings, auxiliary beams and perimetrical walls made of reinforced concrete and 15 cm reinforced concrete slabs.
Foundation made of continuous footings, dies, auxiliary beams and perimetrical walls made of reinforced concrete and 15 cm reinforced concrete slabs.
Reinforced concrete column and beams’ structure, 10 cm slabs.
Structure made of columns and reinforced concrete reticular slabs.
Structure made of columns and reinforced concrete reticular slabs.
Structure made of columns and reinforced concrete reticular slabs.
Tubular iron screens with 3 mm glass
Anodized aluminium screens with 4 mm glass
Integral-type main facade of anodized aluminium, with clear 6 mm glass
Integral-type main facade of anodized aluminium, with clear 6 mm glass
Tile floor and inner and inner plaster smooth up with vinyl paint
Clay tile floors and medium quality carpeting, inner plaster smooth up in walls and soffits, vinyl paint covering and medium quality tapestries
Finishings in office areas not included
Terrazo floors, apparent glazing brick walls
Low quality finishingsCarpentry work with pine wood
Intercommunication system
Integral kitchen
Source: Instituto Mexicano del Precio Unitario [Mexican Institute for Unit Prices]
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Research and Innovation
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The Mexican Construction Industry has made important contributions in areas such as:
The research by the UNAM Engineering Institute, regarding the solution of maritime, pluvial and seismic problems, through mathematical and physics models.
Maritime Engineering. In the construction of ports, where the advancement in physical models for the construction of rock fills and breakwaters stands out.
Hydraulic Engineering. In the construction of dams, such as “El Cajon” dam, which is currently under construction in Nayarit.
Seismic Engineering. The mathematical models that allow to revise the structures and design them according to the different earthquake intensities.
Application of construction processes, as in the construction of “Puente Chiapas” bridge, where marine platforms’ engineering procedures were adapted for the first time to the construction of bridges.
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E l C a j o n DamE l C a j o n Dam(Example of innovations)(Example of innovations)Work Information
The construction of “El Cajon” dam represents one of the greatest achievements of the Mexican engineering.
It is located in the state of Nayarit, at a distance of 47 kilometers from the city of Tepic.
It will have a core wall with a height of 186 meters, making it the most important in the Country. The core wall is rock filled with concrete face, and is one of the highest core walls of its type world-wide. 10.9 million m3 of rock will be used.
Work duration: 54 months, it will be completed in 2007
Cost: $810 Million USD
Generation capacity: 750MW
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The contributions of “El Cajon” dam to dam engineering and hydraulic works are the following relevant aspects:
E l C a j o n D a m(Example of innovations)
Access was provided through the 43 kilometer road in 9 months. Diversion tunnels with built up rugosity were built, which duplicate reliability in only 9 months.
The enginehouse was excavated in 9 months. The world practice in the design of this type of dams was innovated, with the inclusion of transition zones.
Materials are being placed in the core wall with an average of 500,000 m3, and it is estimated that 800,000 m3 will be achieved monthly.
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Work Information
Located in the reservoir of the Netzahualcoyotl dam, in the state of Chiapas.
This work is part of the Mexico-Tuxtla Gutierrez highway.
Work duration: 60 months.
Cost: $ 1,684 Million pesos.
The bridge is solved by means of a metallic structure, both in its substructure and superstructure, and its length is 1,208 m, with a roadway width of 10 m.
The substructure consists of an abutment of reinforced concrete and seven “Jacket”-type bearings, which are built with tubes with an external diameter of 2.78 m.
C h i a p a s B r i d g e(Example of innovations)
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In this work, innovative procedures were used, such as:
The superstructure pushing, which allowed to free 168 m spans five times, which meant a new world record for pushed bridges.
Use of procedures that had never been used before in Mexico and the world, which are a combination of off shore engineering for marine platforms adapted to the construction of bridges.
C h i a p a s B r i d g e(Example of innovations)