Objective:Learn how Britain defeated France and her native allies.

Understand how the conflict led to growing tension between Britain and her colonies.

European Claims in North AmericaThe dramatic results of the British victory in the Seven Years (French and Indian) War are vividly demonstrated in these maps, which depict the abandonment of French claims to the mainland after the Treaty of Paris in 1763.

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

SPAIN FRENCH(Dutch) ENGLAND

•Govt. supports colony

•Gold & God

•Plantations

•Conquer

(Conquistadors/

Mestizos)

•Nominal Govt. support

•Trade

•Outposts/Forts

•Native Alliances

•Collaborative

•Private Corporations

•Settlements

•Colonies

•Punitive Conflict

•No mixing/

separation.destruction

French colonies differed from the English How???

By 1760, New France had grown to 80,000

English colonies had over 1 million! Used the land for economic means

Developed a good relationship with the Natives

Fr. Marquette, SJ – 1st European to explore great lakes and Mississippi

1749, Virginia speculators in Ohio Company claim 500,000 acres in Ohio Valley

1754, George Washington, surveyor, leads 150 Virginia Militiamen to resists French movement on Ohio, esp. For Duquesne

Washington loses Fort Necessity

France and Spain frequently ally against Britain

France allies with Native Americans, guerrilla style conflict in New World

French and Indian War, 1754-1763

Note: Acadians

http://www2.uiuc.edu/unit/armyrotc/program/mils123/necessity/fort.bmp

The Seven Years War in AmericaAfter experiencing major defeats early in the war, Anglo-American forces turned the tide against the French by taking Fort Duquesne in late 1757 and Louisbourg in 1758. After Canada fell in 1760, the fighting shifted to Spain's Caribbean colonies .

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

1755 Gen. Braddock, 2,000 men march on Fort Duquesne

Mix of colonial militia and Regulars

Braddock’s slow moving forces decimated by French and Indian forces, flanking

Frontier goes up in flames, Indian raiding parties move uncontested

Britian’s invasion of Canada, 1756, fails

Ambush

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1757, Pitt becomes leader in Parliament 1758, Pitt organizes attacks on Montreal

& Quebec, Louisbourg 1758 Fort Duquesne falls, renamed

Pittsburgh Pitt puts James Wolfe in charge of taking

Quebec Montcalm defends Quebec for France 1759 Quebec falls, Wolfe and Montcalm

killed Battle for Quebec is one of most

significant engagements in British and American history

Montreal falls 1760

http://worldroots.com/brigitte/royal/pitt3.jpg

The Seven Years War in AmericaAfter experiencing major defeats early in the war, Anglo-American forces turned the tide against the French by taking Fort Duquesne in late 1757 and Louisbourg in 1758. After Canada fell in 1760, the fighting shifted to Spain's Caribbean colonies .

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

http://www.uppercanadahistory.ca/wm/wm8.html

http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-of-quebec.htm

France thrown off continent entirely

Spain given possession of New Orleans and trans-Mississippi Louisiana

Spain loses Florida, regains Cuba

Great Britain dominant in North America and at sea

Friction growing b/w Britain and Colonials

Growing smuggling

Colonies fail to unite

Pontiac’s Rebellion – Increasing tension with N. Americans

Cost of War leads to increasing friction with Britain

http://ww

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agnleitner/usa1/slide/early_settlements_1750.jpg

European Settlements

and Indian tribes

1750

Line of Demarcation 1763 inhibits movement west!!!

This angers Colonials greatly.

10,000 British troops stationed in colony

Quartering of troops angers colonists

British troops = $$$$

George Grenville becomes Prime Minister in 1763

Writs of Assistance

1764 Sugar Act

Seeds of Rebellion

WHO: Passed by George Grenville, British Prime Minister

WHAT: Halved duties on molasses (to discourage

smuggling) Created new duties on imports (to raise more

$) Smuggling cases now to be heard in British

Admiralty Courts, not colonial courts with colonial juries

WHEN: 1764

WHERE: British Colonies

WHY: Britain needed money to pay her huge debt from the French and Indian War and on-going cost of protecting the Frontier.

CONFLICT IN THEOHIO

VALLEY

PEACE?1763

Wash. defeated

FL now British

Braddock defeated

Ft. Duquesne fallsQuebec falls

CONFLICT IN THEOHIO

VALLEY

PEACE?1763France leaves Am.

Montreal falls

Pitt takes charge

George Washington French and Indian War William Pitt Pontiac Proclamation of 1763 George Grenville Sugar Act