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Functions of Digestive System

Labeling Exercise

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Review

Digestion using enzymes Main site of absorption of nutrients Includes

Duodenum Jejunum Ileum

Don’t get punched in the jejunum… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=

oHulRDk__ko

Small Intestines

Approximately 3 meters long Numerous projections called villi that

function to increase surface area Total surface area of 500-600 square

meters Why is increased surface area important?

Large Intestines

Also called the colon Colon cancer?

Receives approximately 10 liters of water per day

1.5 L from food 8.5 L is from secretions

Last major part of the digestive system Function is to remove water from

indigestible food, and then pass waste material from the body

Takes approx. 16 hours to finish digestion

Large Intestines

Also absorbs sodium and other ions If water is not absorbed, diarrhea can

result Causes dehydration and ion loss

Polyps

Small growths in the lining of the colon (large intestines)

Cancerous (malignant) or benign Benign?

Low-fat, high-fiber diets are recommended to protect against colon cancer

Liver

Important in metabolism, glycogen storage and detoxification

Many vital functions Secretes bile Cannot live without a liver

Bile stored for too long in gallbladder results in gallstones

Much like kidney stones, they are sharp Gallstones can create blockage, backing

up bile in the liver and entering the blood stream

Jaundice results from backup of bile in the blood

Gallstones

Jaundice

Blockage can also result in hepatitis Hepatitis? Inflammation of the liver Can also result from poor drinking water

Gallstones

Complete crossword puzzle May need to use books

Crossword

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Function of Digestive System

Ingestion Propulsion Mechanical Digestion Chemical Digestion Absorption Defecation

GI Processes

Monosaccharides Glucose Fructose Galactose

Disaccharides (double sugars) Sucrose – table sugar Lactose – milk sugar Maltose

Polysaccharides Starch Cellulose – cannot break down; provide fiber

for diet

Carbohydrate Sugars

Sphincters are circular muscles that help close off passages

Cardioesophageal Sphincter Causes heartburn

Pyloric sphincter

Heartburn