• عثمانّی�ه علّی�ه دولْتDevlet-i Âliye-yi OsmâniyyeSublime Ottoman State

• مدت ابد دولْتDevlet-i Ebed-müddetThe Eternal State

The Moslem World, c. 1300 C.E.

The Moslem World, c. 1500 C.E.

THE SPREAD OF ISLAM (632 to 1250s)

MAHMUD AL-KASHGARIDivan-I Lugati’t Turk, 11th Century

Seljuq Craftsmanship, Royal Statue Seljuq Brickwork, Esfahan Metropolitan, NYC Encyclopedia of Islam

ALANYA, Kızıl Kule - Seljuq Castle

ANATOLIAN TURKISH BEYLIKS, 1299

MEHMED IIFatih Sultan Mehmed

Mehmed the Conqueror

1453. CONSTANTINOPLE

Hagia Sophia

SAFAVID-OTTOMAN RIVALRY, 1517

SELIM I, THE BRAVE (r.1512-1520) SHAH ISMAIL I (r.1501-1524)

BATTLE OF PREVEZA: BARBAROS HAYREDDIN (Suleiman) v. A. DORIA (Charles V)

BATTLE OF MOHACS, 1526 (HUNGARY BECOMES OTTOMAN)

SECOND SIEGE OF VIENNA, 1683

Suleymaniye Mosque

Ottoman Empire (with Turkish names)

Ottoman Empire, 1359 - 1856

Ottoman Empire, 1798-1923

SON