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Conversions and Calculating Scientific Data

+The Metric System

Scientists us the metric system to measure and calculate scientific data

The metric system is based on multiples of 10

+The Metric Staircase

+Mass

Mass is the amount of matter there is in an object

Everything has mass, even atoms

Mass is measured in grams

+Volume

Volume is the amount of space that an object occupies

Volume is measured in cm3

+Measuring Volume of Solids

There are two different methods used to measure volume of solid objects

Length x Width x Height

Water displacement method

Measured in cm3

+Measuring Volume cont.

When measuring the volume of a rectangular prism you multiply the objects length, width, and height

L x W x H

+Measuring Volume Cont.

When measuring the volume of a cube, you can take the measurement of any side and cube it, because all sides are equal.

53 is 5x5x5

Expressed as a3

+Measuring Volume Cont.

To find the volume of an irregularly shaped object, we use the water displacement method

To use the “water displacement” method you place the object in water and measure how much the water has risen

+Measuring Volume Cont.

Step 1: Measure the amount of water in the graduated cylinder

Step 2: Add object

Step 3: Measure the amount of water in the graduated cylinder with the object added

+Measuring Volume Cont.

Volume = final water level – starting water level

1 mL = 1 cm3

+Density

The relationship between the mass of an object and an object’s volume

The “compactness” of an object

+Measuring Density

Density = Mass/Volume

+Using Mass, Volume and Density

You can use mass, volume, and density together. If you know two of them, you can find the other.

+Density Cont.

Density is expressed in g/cm3

This is because Density is the amount of mass (g) per volume (cm3 )

+Temperature

The metric system measures temperature in degrees Celsius

The United States uses the standard unit, Fahrenheit

To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: Tc = (Tf -32) x5/9

To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit: ((Tc+32)/9)x5

+Time

We measure time in seconds, minutes, hours, days, years…..

60 seconds in a minute

60 minutes in an hour

24 hours in a day