Post on 11-Jan-2016
Cardiovascular System - BloodTopics in Human Pathophysiology Fall 2011Gilead Drug Safety and Public Health
Outline
Antiviral agents
Overview of cardiovascular system
Blood Overview Plasma Red blood cells Platelets
Viral Therapies of Gilead
NRTIs - nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors: Viread (tenofovir), EMTRIVA® (emtricitabine) ,
HBV polymerase inhibitor - Viread (tenofovir), Hepsera® (adefovir dipivoxil)
Non nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors - Efavirenz (packaged with emtricitabine and tenofovir to make Atripla)
Cardiovascular system
Consists of heart, blood vessels, blood
Blood transports water, nutrients, wastes, chemical messengers, oxygen, carbon dioxide
Blood protects us from bleeding, and pathogens
CV system is interdependent on skeletal system, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system
Blood
Consists of: Plasma: water, ions, nutrients, gases, wastes,
proteins. Red Blood Cells – erythrocytes White Blood Cells – leukocytes Platelets - thrombocytes
Figure 7.2
Blood Components
Some Disorders Related to Plasma
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances
Acidosis and Alkalosis
Edema
Infection - Sepsis
Clotting Disorders
Lipid Disorders
Erythrocytes
Hemoglobin
Figure 7.4
Antigen-Antibody Interactions
Blood Types
Blood Cell Genesis
Disorders of Erythrocytes
Anemias
Blood Type mismatching – Acute Hemolytic Reaction
Hemolytic Reaction of the Newborn
Blood Doping - polycythemia
Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Platelets
Stages of Hemostasis
Disorders of Clotting
Thrombi and Emboli
Hemophilia
Thrombocytopenia
Impaired Liver Function
White Blood Cells - Leukocytes
Protect against pathogens by:
causing inflammation and fever
phagocytosing pathogens
creating antibodies to tag pathogens for destruction
killing pathogens in other ways
Creating a cadre of cells to fight reinfection by specific pathogens (immune memory)