Post on 17-Jan-2016
1. Attendance2. Collect anything3. New Notes4. Worksheet
Friday, April 27
Rocks break when exposed to the air, water
and living things.
Softer rocks break first.
Limestone headstones weather relatively quickly.
Frost Action-water - freezes in cracks and expands.
Potholes get bigger because of frost action.
Roots can break rock apart.
Water makes rocks bump against each other and break.
Chemical Weathering – oxidation (rust)
Soil
Bedrock
Oops – bedrock – rocks under where we live
Hummus
Humus- part of soil made by dead and decaying organisms
Star-nosed mole.
Burrowing animals circulate air and nutrients in the soil.
Soil Profile
Matches the bedrock below.
Residual Soil – hasn’t been moved
NYS. Glaciers have transported most of the soils.
Transported Soils – have been moved.
Erosion – the transport of sediment
Sediment
Gravity – the driving force of downward movement of
sediments
Landslide – when gravity pulls sediment down without the aid of
water or wind.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eR77MhKwAew
Mudslide
http://Mudslide in Southern Italy
Running Water moves the most sediment.
How fast do sediments travel?
Running water breaks down mountains and brings the
sediment elsewhere.
Straight streams flow faster.
More discharge = faster flow
Watershed - the area draining into a stream
Tributary – small stream that flows into a larger one.
Meander – curve in the river
Erosion and Deposition
Streams have V-shaped valleys.
Wind – horizontal movement of air.
Sandstorm in the Persian Gulf.
Wind can only carry small sediment.
Notice that the rock has been “sandblasted” along the ground. Wind carries sediment close to the ground.
Evidence of wind erosion.
Deserts have wind erosion.
The wind carries small pieces of broken rock (sand).
Shorelines are windy.
Sandblasting of rock
Sand Dunes are made by the wind dropping sand pieces.
Glacier – a moving mass of ice and snow.
Glaciers carry dirt and soil.
Striations – scratches in rock from the glaciers.
Glacial Till – mixed up, scratched rocks dumped as the glacier melted.
U-shaped valleys are from glaciers.
This hill was made by a glacier.
Waves
Waves come in parallel to the shore.